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1.
Cir Cir ; 92(2): 181-188, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38782374

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to research the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR), and Fournier's Gangrene Severity Index (FGSI) for predicting prognosis and mortality in patients with Fournier's gangrene (FG). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with FG and treated in a tertiary referral hospital in the period from January 2013 to June 2020 were reviewed. LCR, FGSI, and NLR values were calculated. RESULTS: Our series included a total of 41 patients. Of the patients, 78% survived and 21.9% (n = 9) died. Survivors were significantly younger than non-survivors (p = 0.009). Hospital costs were higher in non-survivors and close to statistical significance (p = 0.08). The ROC analysis revealed that the FGSI, LCR, and NLR parameters were significant in identifying survivors and non-survivors (AUC = 0.941 [0.870-1.000], p < 0.001; AUC = 0.747 [0.593-0.900], p = 0.025; and AUC = 0.724 [0.548-0.900], p = 0.042). CONCLUSION: A low LCR value can be used as a marker to assess mortality and disease severity in patients with Fournier's gangrene.


OBJETIVO: Investigar el cociente neutrófilos-linfocitos (CNL), el cociente linfocitos-proteína C reactiva (CLP) y el índice de gravedad de la gangrena de Fournier (IGGF) para predecir el pronóstico y la mortalidad en pacientes con gangrena de Fournier (GF). MÉTODO: Se revisaron los pacientes diagnosticados de GF y atendidos en un hospital de tercer nivel de referencia en el período de enero de 2013 a junio de 2020. Se calcularon los valores de CLP, IGGF y CNL. RESULTADOS: Nuestra serie incluyó 41 pacientes, de los cuales el 78% sobrevivieron y el 21.9% (n = 9) fallecieron. Los supervivientes eran significativamente más jóvenes que los no supervivientes (p = 0.009). Los costes hospitalarios fueron mayores en los no supervivientes y cercanos a la significación estadística (p = 0.08). El análisis ROC reveló que los parámetros IGGF, CLP y CNL fueron significativos para identificar supervivientes y no supervivientes (AUC: 0.941 [0.870-1.000], p < 0.001; AUC: 0.747 [0.593-0.900], p = 0.025; AUC: 0.724 [0.548-0.900], p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONES: Un valor bajo de CLP se puede utilizar como marcador para evaluar la mortalidad y la gravedad de la enfermedad en pacientes con GF.


Subject(s)
Biomarkers , C-Reactive Protein , Fournier Gangrene , Lymphocytes , Neutrophils , Severity of Illness Index , Fournier Gangrene/blood , Fournier Gangrene/mortality , Humans , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Male , Biomarkers/blood , Middle Aged , Female , Aged , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Lymphocyte Count , Adult , ROC Curve , Predictive Value of Tests , Aged, 80 and over , Leukocyte Count
2.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 39(3): 498-502, 2024-04-24. fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1554190

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La perforación del recto por trauma cerrado es poco frecuente y se asocia a fracturas pélvicas. En pacientes con perforaciones de recto no traumáticas se ha reportado fascitis necrosante en miembros inferiores, en la mayoría de los casos asociada a alta mortalidad. Caso clínico. Hombre de 36 años con trauma cerrado abdomino-pélvico y perforación de recto inferior, quien recibió manejo quirúrgico mediante derivación intestinal y fijación pélvica. Evolucionó con hematoma escrotal sobreinfectado, inestabilidad hemodinámica, signos de fascitis necrosante y choque séptico 4 días posterior a su ingreso. Resultados. Se tomó muestra para cultivo del hematoma escrotal que reportó E. coli. La patología del desbridamiento escrotal informó necrosis de coagulación en toda la muestra. Conclusión. El tacto rectal debe realizarse siempre ante la presencia de enfisema subcutáneo al examen físico o en la tomografía, para un diagnóstico temprano y manejo quirúrgico multidisciplinario oportuno, según el caso. La presencia de enfisema subcutáneo debe aumentar la sospecha de perforación de recto. Hay pocos reportes de fascitis secundaria a perforación de recto por trauma cerrado, por lo que no se conoce con precisión la mortalidad asociada.


Introduction. Rectal perforation due to blunt trauma is rare and associated with pelvic fractures. Signs of necrotizing fasciitis in lower limbs have been reported in non-traumatic rectal perforations, in most cases associated with high mortality. Case report. A 36-year-old man presents blunt abdomino-pelvic trauma and perforation of the lower rectum. Surgical management by intestinal diversion and pelvic fixation is performed. 4 days after admission, evolves with over-infected scrotal hematoma, hemodynamic instability, signs of necrotizing fasciitis and septic shock. Results. A sample for culture was taken from a scrotal hematoma that reported E. coli. Pathology of scrotal debridement reported coagulation necrosis in the entire specimen. Discussion. Digital rectal examination should always be performed in the presence of subcutaneous emphysema on physical examination or CT scan for early and multidisciplinary diagnosis and surgical management as appropriate. Conclusion. The presence of subcutaneous emphysema should raise the suspicion of rectal perforation. There are few reports of rectal perforation due to blunt trauma and fasciitis, so the associated mortality is not precisely known.


Subject(s)
Humans , Rectum , Fournier Gangrene , Fasciitis , Wounds and Injuries , Intestinal Perforation
3.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38461128

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Fournier's gangrene, a relatively rare form of necrotizing fasciitis, is a rapidly progressive disease affecting the deep and superficial tissues of the perineal, anal, scrotal, and genital regions. Despite the significant evolution in medical knowledge, there is still scarce evidence regarding the nursing care plan in patients affected by this pathology, which hinders its correct management. For this reason, we present the following clinical case of a 53-year-old male patient with Fournier's gangrene who was admitted to the emergency department for 3 days of pain in the perineal area and fever. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to establish an individualized care plan for the patient detailing the diagnoses, expected outcomes and interventions through nursing taxonomies. CASE DEVELOPMENT: A systematic assessment was performed using Marjory Gordon's model of functional health patterns as a reference. After drawing inferences, three collaborative problems and two nursing diagnoses were established with their outcome criteria and interventions. Once the plan was executed, the results obtained highlighted that the interventions were consistent in achieving the objectives set out in the problems present in the case patient. CONCLUSIONS: The development of an individualized plan made it possible to detect problems, establish realistic objectives and define interventions that optimized nursing care in this patient with Fournier's gangrene.

4.
An. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Asunción) ; 56(3): 67-75, 20231201.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1519381

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La gangrena de Fournier actualmente se define como una forma específica de fascitis necrotizante sinérgica, rápida, progresiva y de origen multibacteriano, que afecta principalmente la fascia muscular de región perineal, genital o perianal e incluso de pared abdominal; con punto de partida genitourinario, colorrectal o idiopático. Todo ello, acompañado de gangrena de piel de estas áreas debida a trombosis de vasos sanguíneos subcutáneos. Objetivos: Describir las características epidemiológicas y quirúrgicas de los pacientes secuelares de la enfermedad de Fournier en la Unidad de Cirugía Plástica del Hospital de Clínicas en un período de 2 años. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, temporalmente retrospectivo, tipo serie de casos. El tipo de muestreo fue no probabilístico a conveniencia. Se presentan 18 pacientes secuelares de enfermedad de Fournier reconstruidos en la Unidad de Cirugía Plástica de Hospital de Clínicas entre los años 2020 y 2021. Resultados: Durante el periodo del estudio se realizaron 395 cirugías en el Servicio de Cirugía Plástica del Hospital de Clínicas, de los cuales 18 pacientes fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente por secuelas de enfermedad de Fournier, lo que representa el 5% del total. En lo que respecta a las variables demográficas, la edad osciló entre los 37 y 85 años con mayor afectación en la sexta década de la vida con un promedio de 61 años. El 94% de los pacientes fue de sexo masculino; el 89% de los pacientes tenía como patología de base la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, seguido de la obesidad en el 72% y la hipertensión arterial en el 56% de los casos; el 83% de los casos estuvo afectada la región escrotal seguido de la región perineal con el 56% de los pacientes y el pene en el 50% de los casos. La técnica reconstructiva empleada en mayor frecuencia fueron los colgajos en 10 pacientes, seguido del injerto de piel en 8 pacientes, y el cierre primario en 6 pacientes, cabe mencionar que en algunos pacientes se emplearon varias técnicas reconstructivas siguiendo el concepto de reconstrucción por sub-unidades anatómicas, entre los colgajos los más utilizados fueron el colgajo de perforante de la circunfleja femoral medial (perforante de gracilis) con el 50% de los casos seguido del colgajo de transposición fasciocutáneo de la pudenda interna con el 30%, y por último el colgajo de avance fasciocutáneo con el 20% (Tabla 3). La estancia hospitalaria promedio fue de 3 días, con un mínimo de 1 día y un máximo de 5 días post operatorio. Se reportó como complicación la dehiscencia de sutura en 3 pacientes, no se observó complicaciones en el 77% de los casos. Conclusión: Las secuelas de la enfermedad de Fournier sometidos a cirugías representan el 5% del total de cirugías realizadas en nuestro Servicio, son más prevalentes en la sexta década de la vida, afecta más al sexo masculino con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 como patología de base, las técnicas reconstructivas empleadas en las secuelas son variables de acuerdo a las regiones anatómicas afectadas y pueden abarcar desde el cierre primario hasta la utilización de colgajos para su reparación.


Introduction: Fournier's gangrene is currently defined as a specific form of synergistic, rapid, progressive and multibacterial necrotizing fasciitis, which mainly affects the muscular fascia of the perineal, genital, or perianal region and even the abdominal wall; with genitourinary, colorectal, or idiopathic starting point. All of this, accompanied by skin gangrene in these areas due to thrombosis of subcutaneous blood vessels. Objectives: To describe the epidemiological and surgical characteristics of the sequelae patients of Fournier's disease in the Plastic Surgery Unit of the Hospital de Clínicas in a period of 2 years. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, temporally retrospective, case series type study. The type of sampling was non-probabilistic at convenience. Eighteen sequelae patients of Fournier's disease reconstructed in the Plastic Surgery Unit of Hospital de Clínicas between 2020 and 2021 are presented. Results: During the study period, 395 surgeries were performed in the Plastic Surgery Service of the Hospital de Clínicas, of which 18 patients underwent surgery for sequelae of Fournier's disease, which represents 5% of the total. Regarding demographic variables, age ranged between 37 and 85 years with greater impact in the sixth decade of life with an average of 61 years. 94% of the patients were male; 89% of the patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus as an underlying pathology, followed by obesity in 72% and high blood pressure in 56% of cases; In 83% of the cases, the scrotal region was affected, followed by the perineal region in 56% of the patients and the penis in 50% of the cases. The most frequently used reconstructive technique was flaps in 10 patients, followed by skin grafting in 8 patients, and primary closure in 6 patients. It is worth mentioning that in some patients several reconstructive techniques were used following the concept of reconstruction by sub- anatomical units, among the flaps the most used were the medial femoral circumflex perforator flap (gracilis perforator) with 50% of the cases followed by the fasciocutaneous transposition flap of the internal pudendal with 30%, and finally the fasciocutaneous advancement flap with 20% (Table 3). The average hospital stay was 3 days, with a minimum of 1 day and a maximum of 5 days postoperatively. Suture dehiscence was reported as a complication in 3 patients; no complications were observed in 77% of the cases. Conclusion: The sequelae of Fournier's disease undergoing surgeries represent 5% of the total number of surgeries performed in our Service, they are more prevalent in the sixth decade of life, it affects more males with type 2 diabetes mellitus as the underlying pathology, the reconstructive techniques used in the sequelae are variable according to the anatomical regions affected and can range from primary closure to the use of flaps for repair.

5.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 38(2): 1-4, abr.jun.2023. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1443469

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Fournier's gangrene is characterized by tissue necrosis, which requires treatment employing debridement and antibiotics with wounds of varying sizes. The objective is to standardize the surgical techniques of reconstructions with flaps used to treat wounds after Fournier's gangrene. Method: A study was conducted by searching the PubMed/Medline, SciELO, and LILACS databases. Results: In wounds with skin loss of 25% to 50%, a local advancement cutaneous flap or a pudendal flap from the thigh was used; in wounds, greater than 50%, a superomedial thigh flap or myocutaneous flap from the gracilis muscle was used, with the aim of to enable proper reconstruction. Conclusion: Advancement and pudendal thigh flaps were used for wounds with up to 50% loss of scrotal skin substance, while the myocutaneous gracilis flap and supero-medial flap of the thigh were indicated for wounds with more than 50% of the total scrotal surface affected, after Fournier gangrene.


Introdução: Gangrena de Fournier é caracterizada por necrose tecidual, que necessita de tratamento por meio de desbridamento e antibióticos, com feridas de dimensões variadas. O objetivo é padronizar as técnicas cirúrgicas de reconstruções com retalhos utilizadas no tratamento das feridas após gangrena de Fournier. Método: Realizou-se estudo por meio da busca nas bases de dados PubMed/Medline, SciELO e LILACS. Resultados: Nas feridas com perdas cutâneas de 25% a 50%, foram utilizados retalho cutâneo local de avanço ou retalho pudendo da coxa, nas maiores de 50% foram necessárias as confecções do retalho superomedial da coxa ou retalho miocutâneo do músculo grácil, com intuito de possibilitar a reconstrução adequada. Conclusão: Os retalhos de avanço e pudendo da coxa foram utilizados para feridas com perda de substância cutânea escrotal de até 50%, enquanto os retalhos miocutâneo de músculo grácil e superomedial da coxa foram indicados para as feridas com mais de 50% da superfície escrotal total acometida, após gangrena de Fournier.

6.
Gac. méd. boliv ; 46(2)2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534499

ABSTRACT

La fascitis necrosante es una infección de los tejidos blandos profundos que provoca la destrucción progresiva de la fascia muscular y subcutánea. Una de sus presentaciones es la Gangrena de Fournier (GF) para el cual el diagnóstico debe de ser preciso y asociado a desbridamiento quirúrgico precoz y antibioticoterapia de amplio espectro. Si existe retraso del manejo, la repercusión en el pronóstico es negativa. Entre las opciones actuales para el tratamiento destaca una técnica para mejorar la limpieza y granulación del área cruenta mediante el uso del dispositivo tecnológico y el sistema de cierre asistido por vacío (VAC). Describimos el manejo y la técnica de la terapia VAC implementado artesanalmente en una serie de casos de pacientes masculinos con diagnóstico de GF, en respuesta a los escasos recursos económicos de los pacientes que generalmente son afectados en nuestro medio; proponiendo una opción más económica, segura y replicable para nuestro entorno.


Necrotizing fasciitis is a deep soft tissue infection that causes progressive destruction of the muscle fascia and subcutaneous . One of its presentations is Fournier's Gangrene (FG) for which the diagnosis must be accurate and associated with early surgical debridement and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. If management is delayed, the impact on prognosis is negative. Current treatment options include a technique to improve cleaning and granulation of the cruciate area using a technological device and the vacuum assisted closure system (VAC). We describe a handmade technique of VAC therapy implemented in a series of cases of male patients diagnosed with FG, in response to the scarce economic resources of patients who are generally affected in our environment; proposing a more economical, safe and replicable option for our environment.

7.
Iberoam. j. med ; 5(2): 84-87, 2023. ilus
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-226728

ABSTRACT

We report a case of Fournier's gangrene rescued by debridement. A 40-year-old male patient had a 2x2 cm draining ulcer and 1x2 cm necrotic area in the scrotum for about a month. The patient was diagnosed with Fournier's gangrene. Septic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation were absent. Computed tomography scan showed soft tissue gas in the scrotum but no gas in the retroperitoneal space or abdominal wall. Debridement was performed. Gangrene of the scrotum and necrosis of the testicle was also seen. Rothia dentocariosa was isolated in extracted wound cultures. He was saved after debridement and administration of strong antibiotics. This is the first case of Fournier's gangrene caused by R. dentocariosa in the available literature. (AU)


Presentamos un caso de gangrena de Fournier rescatado mediante desbridamiento. Un paciente varón de 40 años presentó una úlcera supurante de 2x2 cm y un área necrótica de 1x2 cm en el escroto durante aproximadamente un mes. El paciente fue diagnosticado con gangrena de Fournier. El shock séptico y la coagulación intravascular diseminada estaban ausentes. La tomografía computarizada mostró gas en los tejidos blandos del escroto, pero no en el espacio retroperitoneal ni en la pared abdominal. Se realizó desbridamiento. También se observó gangrena del escroto y necrosis del testículo. Se aisló Rothia dentocariosa en cultivos extraídos de heridas. Se salvó después del desbridamiento y la administración de antibióticos fuertes. Este es el primer caso de gangrena de Fournier por R. dentocariosa en la literatura disponible. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Fournier Gangrene/diagnosis , Fournier Gangrene/therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
8.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 37(4): 431-437, out.dez.2022. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1413156

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Gangrena de Fournier é uma infecção polibacteriana, geralmente causada por bactérias anaeróbias e aeróbias, sendo caracterizada por fasciite necrosante escrotal e perineal. Seu tratamento é embasado em intervenção cirúrgica com excisão da área necrótica e antibioticoterapia precoces. Diversas são as estratégias de reconstrução do defeito resultante do desbridamento, devendo ser salientado que perdas teciduais maiores do que 50% costumam ser reconstruídas com retalhos. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva da série de casos de reconstrução escrotal após gangrena de Fournier procedidos pelos autores ao longo de 2020, totalizando oito pacientes. Resultados: O retalho mais utilizado foi o fasciocutâneo de coxa, que apresentou taxa de necrose parcial de 14,29%, sem necrose total. Em um dos casos foi possível reconstruir uma uretra esponjosa com músculo grácil sem fistulização, evitando que o paciente fosse submetido a uma uretrostomia definitiva. Quanto às complicações, foi comum a ocorrência de intercorrências menores que necessitaram de procedimentos revisionais simples. Destaca-se a prevalência de 75% de diabetes mellitus em nossa casuística, o que pode ter interferido negativamente no processo cicatricial. Conclusão: A reconstrução escrotal com retalhos é importante para acelerar a cicatrização da ferida proveniente do desbridamento de gangrena de Fournier e para manter o aspecto de bolsa necessário para a termorregulação do testículo. Nossa opção primária foi o retalho fasciocutâneo de coxa, que se mostrou seguro. Pequenas intercorrências foram frequentes nesta série, sem comprometimento do resultado final.


Introduction: Fournier's gangrene is a polybacterial infection, usually caused by anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, characterized by scrotal and perineal necrotizing fasciitis. Its treatment is based on surgical intervention by excision of the necrotic area and early antibiotic therapy. There are several strategies to reconstruct the defect resulting from debridement, and it should be noted that tissue losses greater than 50% are usually reconstructed with flaps. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the series of cases of scrotal reconstruction after Fournier's gangrene performed by the authors throughout 2020, totaling eight patients. Results: The most used flap was thigh fasciocutaneous flap, which presented a partial necrosis rate of 14.29%, without total necrosis. In one of the cases, it was possible to reconstruct a spongy urethra with gracilis muscle without fistulization, preventing the patient from undergoing a definitive urethrostomy. As for complications, the occurrence of minor complications that required simple revision procedures was common. The prevalence of 75% of diabetes mellitus in our series is highlighted, which may have negatively interfered with the healing process. Conclusion: Scrotal reconstruction with flaps is important to accelerate wound healing from Fournier gangrene debridement and to maintain the pouch aspect necessary for testicular thermoregulation. Our primary option was thigh fasciocutaneous flap, which proved to be safe. And minor complications were frequent in this series, without compromising the final result.

9.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 37(4): 653-664, 20220906. tab, fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1396470

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La gangrena de Fournier es una fasciitis necrosante fulminante y progresiva, de origen infeccioso sinérgico polimicrobiano, que afecta las regiones perianal, perineal, genital y abdominal. Su incidencia es mayor en hombres, la edad promedio de presentación reportada está en los 54,7 ± 15,6 años, su mortalidad es del 3-67 %, aunque hay estudios que informan una mortalidad en hombres del 7,5 % y en las mujeres del 12,8 %. Métodos. Se hizo una revisión de la literatura en las bases de datos y fuentes de información PubMed, Scielo y Google Scholar, publicados entre 1950 y 2018, utilizando términos como "fournier gangrene", "fasciitis, necrotizing", "wound infection", "therapy"[subheading] y "GRADE approach". Se realizó una segunda revisión para artículos latinoamericanos en español hasta 2020 usando las mismas fuentes y palabras claves. Resultados. Se seleccionaron artículos que reportaron definiciones, datos históricos, actualizaciones en diagnóstico y terapéutica para hacer una revisión actualizada. Para el uso de las imágenes se solicitó consentimiento informado. Conclusión. La gangrena de Fournier continúa siendo una emergencia quirúrgica potencialmente letal. Gracias a las investigaciones realizadas se ha avanzado en su tratamiento, mejorando los resultados. Es importante analizar los factores de riesgo en cada paciente y su etiología para establecer el tratamiento más adecuado.


Introduction. Fournier's gangrene is a fulminant and progressive necrotizing fasciitis of synergistic polymicrobial infectious origin that affects the perianal, perineal, genital and abdominal regions. Its incidence is greater in men, the average age of reported presentation is 54.7 ± 15.6 years; its mortality is 3-67%, although there are studies that report a mortality of 7.5% in men and 12.8% in women. Methodology. A review of the literature was carried out in the databases and information sources: PubMed, Scielo, and Google Scholar, published between 1950 and 2018 using terms such as "Fournier Gangrene", "Fasciitis, Necrotizing", Wound Infection, "therapy"[Subheading] and "GRADE Approach". A second review was performed for articles in Latin American Spanish up to 2020 using the same sources and keywords. Results. Articles that reported definitions, historical data, diagnostic and therapeutic updates were selected, performing an updated review. Informed consent was requested for the use of images.Conclusion. Fournier's gangrene continues to be a potentially lethal surgical emergency, thanks to the research carried out, progress has been made in its treatment, improving results. It is important to analyze the risk factors for each patient and its etiology to establish the most appropriate treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Fournier Gangrene , Fasciitis, Necrotizing , Therapeutics , Soft Tissue Infections , Infections
10.
Enferm. foco (Brasília) ; 13(n.esp1): 1-7, set. 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1397111

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Descrever a experiência de discentes do curso de graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Alagoas durante a implementação do Processo de Enfermagem a um indivíduo acometido pela Síndrome de Fournier. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, baseado na vivência dos estudantes de enfermagem, durante a atividades curriculares de Estágio Supervisionado em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital público alagoano. A experiência ocorreu ao longo do mês de outubro de 2019. A implementação do Processo de Enfermagem foi guiada à luz da Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas, proposta por Wanda Aguiar Horta. Resultados: Foi implementado o Processo de Enfermagem, com base em suas seis fases, que identificou os problemas do indivíduo e possibilitou o levantamento das intervenções necessárias para efetivar o cuidado, conforme a teoria sugere. A implementação dessa ferramenta científica, de maneira dinâmica e inter-relacionada, proporcionou uma assistência hospitalar mais segura e humanizada ao indivíduo. Conclusão: O cumprimento das seis fases do Processo de Enfermagem permitiu aos enfermeirandos vivenciarem a experiência hospitalar de forma enriquecedora, pelo fato de ter contribuído não apenas com a evolução satisfatória do paciente assistido, mas também com o fortalecimento do trabalho em equipe e da Enfermagem enquanto ciência aplicada. (AU)


Objective: To describe the experience of undergraduate Nursing students at the Federal University of Alagoas during the implementation of the Nursing Process to an individual affected by Fournier's Syndrome. Methods: Descriptive study, of the experience report type, based on the experience of Nursing students, during the curricular activities of the Supervised Internship in an Intensive Care Unit of a public hospital in Alagoas. The experience occurred throughout the month of October, 2019. The implementation of the Nursing Process was guided according to the Theory of Basic Human Needs, proposed by Wanda Aguiar Horta. Results: The Nursing Process was implemented, based on its six phases, which identified the individual's problems and enabled the survey of the necessary interventions to carry out care, as the theory suggests. The implementation of this scientific tool, in a dynamic and interrelated way, provided safer and more humanized hospital care to the individual. Conclusion: The fulfillment of the six phases of the Nursing Process allowed the Nursing students to undergo the hospital experience in an enriching way, because it contributed not only to the satisfactory evolution of the assisted patient, but also to the strengthening of the teamwork and of Nursing as an applied science. (AU)


Objetivo: Describir la experiencia de estudiantes universitarios de Enfermería de la Universidad Federal de Alagoas durante la implementación del Proceso de Enfermería a una persona afectada por el Síndrome de Fournier. Metodos: Estudio descriptivo, tipo de informe de experiencia, basado en la experiencia de estudiantes de Enfermería durante las actividades curriculares de pasantías supervisadas, en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital público en Alagoas. La experiencia ocurrió durante todo el mes de Octubre de 2019. La implementación del Proceso de Enfermería se guió a la luz de la Teoría de las Necesidades Humanas Básicas, propuesta por Wanda Aguiar Horta. Resultados: El proceso de enfermería se implementó, en base a sus seis fases, que identificaron los problemas del individuo y permitieron la encuesta de las intervenciones necesarias para llevar a cabo la atención, como sugiere la teoría. La implementación de esta herramienta científica, de manera dinámica e interrelacionada, brindó una atención hospitalaria más segura y humanizada al individuo. Conclusión: El cumplimiento de las seis fases del Proceso de Enfermería permitió a los estudiantes de Enfermería vivir la experiencia hospitalaria de manera enriquecedora, debido a que contribuyó no solo a la evolución satisfactoria del paciente asistido, sino también al fortalecimiento del trabajo en equipo y de la Enfermería como ciencia aplicada. (AU)


Subject(s)
Nursing Care , Nursing Theory , Fournier Gangrene , Intensive Care Units , Nursing Process
11.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 33(2): 133-136, jun. 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-210355

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Exponer un abordaje terapéutico conservador para el abordaje de lesiones necróticas periféricas secundarias a la administración de fármacos vasoactivos. Metodología: A través de un caso clínico se describe el planteamiento de curas realizadas. Resultados: El caso se resolvió en 28 semanas y se evitó la amputación de todos los dedos de manos y pies, a excepción de 1 dedo de la mano y 2 dedos del pie, lo que minimizó las secuelas al paciente y se preservó su estado funcional. Conclusión: La aplicación en ambiente húmedo en este tipo de lesiones necróticas secundarias a fármacos vasoactivos, resultó efectiva en este caso clínico y evitó tratamientos más agresivos que pudieran repercutir negativamente en la calidad de vida del paciente (AU)


Objective: To present a conservative therapeutic approach for the approach of peripheral necrotic lesions secondary to the administration of vasoactive drugs. Methodology: Through a clinical case, the approach to cures carried out is described. Results: The case was resolved in 28 weeks avoiding the amputation of all fingers and toes except for 1 finger and 2 toes, minimizing the sequelae to the patient and preserving their functional status. Conclusion: The application of most environment treatment in this type of necrotic lesions secondary to vasoactive drugs was effective in this clinical case and avoided more aggressive treatments that could negatively affect the quality of life of the patient (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Vasoconstrictor Agents/adverse effects , Gangrene/chemically induced , Gangrene/therapy , Humidity , Conservative Treatment , Shock, Septic/drug therapy , Vasoconstrictor Agents/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome
12.
Medisur ; 20(3)jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1405922

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Fundamento: la gangrena de Fournier es una infección polimicrobiana grave ocasionada por microorganismos que actúan de modo sinérgico y determinan una fascitis necrosante progresiva en escroto y periné con manifestaciones de sepsis que pueden evolucionar a choque séptico y fallo de órganos. Objetivo: caracterizar clínica e epidemiológicamente la gangrena de Fournier en pacientes diagnosticados en una unidad hospitalaria de referencia. Métodos: estudio retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo a partir del análisis de los expedientes clínicos de 64 pacientes masculinos con gangrena de Fournier, diagnosticados en el Hospital Militar Principal/Instituto Superior de Luanda, República de Angola de enero de 2016 a diciembre de 2020. Las variables de estudio fueron: edad, hábitos tóxicos, comorbilidad, manifestaciones clínicas, extensión, localización así como su evolución. Las variables cuantitativas fueron expresadas en medias, mediana y rango, mientras que las variables cualitativas se expresaron en términos de números absolutos y porcentajes. Resultados la edad promedio fue 45,09 años; 36 pacientes (56,2 %) consumen bebidas alcohólicas y 14 (21,87 %) declararon hábitos tabáquicos. La principal comorbilidad fue la diabetes mellitus en 21(32,8 %). El dolor con aumento de volumen del escroto predominó en 43(67,2 %) sujetos; el desbridamiento quirúrgico precoz con antibióticoterapia fue la clave de manejo. Fallecieron cinco pacientes. Conclusiones: la gangrena de Fourner es una enfermedad grave que puede presentar repercusión sistémica y muerte. La piedra angular en el tratamiento es el desbridamiento quirúrgico precoz apoyado en medidas de soporte. La serie presentada mostró un manejo multidisciplinario adecuado y eficaz.


ABSTRACT Background: Fournier's gangrene is a serious polymicrobial infection caused by microorganisms that act synergistically and determine a progressive necrotizing fasciitis in the scrotum and perineum with manifestations of sepsis that can progress to septic shock and organ failure. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically Fournier's gangrene in patients diagnosed in a reference hospital unit. Methods: retrospective, observational and descriptive study based on the analysis of the clinical records of 64 male patients with Fournier's gangrene, diagnosed at the Hospital Militar Principal/Instituto Superior de Luanda, Republic of Angola from January 2016 to December 2020. Study variables were: age, toxic habits, comorbidity, clinical manifestations, extension, location as well as its evolution. The quantitative variables were expressed as means, median and range, while the qualitative variables were expressed in terms of absolute numbers and percentages. Results: the average age was 45.09 years; 36 patients (56.2%) consume alcoholic drink and 14 (21.87%) declared smoking habits. The main comorbidity was diabetes mellitus in 21 (32.8%). Pain with increased scrotal volume predominated in 43 (67.2%) subjects; early surgical debridement with antibiotic therapy was the key to management. Five patients died. Conclusions: Fourner's gangrene is a serious disease that can present systemic repercussions and death. The cornerstone of treatment is early surgical debridement supported by support measures. The series presented showed adequate and effective multidisciplinary management.

13.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 37(1): 76-79, jan.mar.2022. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1368224

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O ultrassom tem sido utilizado na atualidade na medicina intensiva. A fasciite necrosante quando não diagnosticada e tratada rapidamente apresenta progressão rápida e alta mortalidade. O objetivo é apresentar a importância da anatomia na fasciite necrosante e o uso do ultrassom no diagnóstico precoce. Métodos: Apresentou-se a aplicação do ultrassom point of care e a relevância da anatomia na fasciite necrosante. Resultados: As comunicações anatômicas entre as fáscias das regiões escrotal, perineal, peniana e abdominal permitem a disseminação do processo infeccioso decorrente da gangrena de Fournier para as regiões adjacentes. O ultrassom possibilitou o diagnóstico precoce na fasciite necrosante. Conclusão: As comunicações entre as fáscias das regiões escrotal, perineal, peniana e abdominal contribuíram para a progressão do processo infeccioso decorrente da gangrena de Fournier e o ultrassom possibilitou o diagnóstico precoce.


Introduction: Ultrasound is currently being used in intensive care medicine. When not diagnosed and treated quickly, necrotizing fasciitis has a rapid progression and high mortality. The objective is to present the importance of anatomy in necrotizing fasciitis and the use of ultrasound in early diagnosis. Methods: The application of point-of-care ultrasound and the relevance of anatomy in necrotizing fasciitis were presented. Results: The anatomical communications between the fasciae of the scrotal, perineal, penile and abdominal regions allow the spread of the infectious process resulting from Fournier's gangrene to the adjacent regions. Ultrasound enabled early diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis. Conclusion: Communications between the fasciae of the scrotal, perineal, scrotal, penis and abdominal regions contributes to the progression of the infectious process resulting from Fournier gangrene and ultrasound permitted earlier diagnose.

14.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 51(1)mar. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1408798

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: Las malformaciones de la vía biliar son extremadamente infrecuentes y en muchas ocasiones son un hallazgo en el acto quirúrgico. Cuando se presenta, el cuadro clínico es similar al del paciente que tiene vesícula sin malformaciones congénitas. Objetivo: Describir un caso de abdomen agudo por duplicidad de vesícula biliar complicada. Caso clínico: Paciente de 46 años, antecedentes de dispepsias, que acudió al cuerpo de guardia con dolor abdominal agudo. Se diagnostica gangrena vesicular y se decide tratamiento quirúrgico. En el transoperatorio, se constató doble sistema vesicular, uno con zona de necrosis y el otro con cambios inflamatorios crónicos. Se realiza colecistectomía a ambos órganos. La evolución fue favorable. Conclusiones: La ocurrencia de un abdomen agudo en un paciente con duplicidad vesicular es infrecuente. Se presenta el caso pues contribuye a profundizar en el conocimiento sobre la conducta a seguir en esta enfermedad.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Bile duct malformations are extremely rare, and generally do not present complications that justify urgent surgical intervention. When it occurs, the clinical picture is similar to that of a patient with a gallbladder without congenital malformations. Objective: Describe a case of acute abdomen due to complicated gallbladder duplication. Clinical case: 46-year-old patient with a history of dyspepsia, who came the emergency with acute abdominal pain. Gallbladder gangrene is diagnosed, and surgical treatment is decided. During surgery, a double vesicular system was found, one area of ​​necrosis and the other with chronic inflammatory changes. Cholecystectomy is performed on both organs. The evolution was favorable. Conclusions: The occurrence of an acute abdomen in a patient with gallbladder duplication is infrequent. The case is presented that contributes to deepen the knowledge about the course of action in this disease.

15.
Angiol. (Barcelona) ; 73(5): 247-249, sep.-oct. 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-216367

ABSTRACT

Introducción:la infección por COVID-19, aunque principalmente con afectación respiratoria, ha puesto de manifiesto diversas manifestaciones clínicas a nivel extrapulmonar. La afectación vascular es frecuente en la unidad de cuidados intensivos aunque su fisiopatología no está del todo clara a día de hoy.Caso clínico:presentamos el caso de un varón de 73 años, con antecedente de crioglobulinemia, ingresado la unidad de cuidados intensivos debido a una neumonía bilateral por COVID-19. Precisó inicio de drogas vasoactivas a dosis bajas, y progresivamente se evidenció isquemia distal de las cuatro extremidades, estableciendo el diagnóstico diferencial entre microangiopatía trombótica o reactivación de la crioglobulinemia.Discusión:la aparición de procesos trombóticos y el riesgo elevado de hemorragia en los pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2 ha supuesto uno de los mayores retos en cuanto al tratamiento de esta patología. Las complicaciones vasculares de pequeño vaso, debido en su mayor parte a procesos microangiopáticos distales, han puesto en la palestra el riesgo/beneficio tanto de la anticoagulación, la dosis adecuada, así como su duración.(AU)


Introduction:COVID-19 infection, although mainly with respiratory involvement, has revealed various clinical manifestations at the extrapulmonary level. Vascular involvement is common in the intensive care unit, although its pathophysiology is not clear today.Case report:we present the case of a 73-year-old man, with a history of cryoglobulinemia, admitted to the intensive care unit due to bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia. It required the initiation of vasoactive drugs at low doses, and distal ischemia of the four extremities was progressively evident, establishing the differential diagnosis between thrombotic microangiopathy or reactivation of cryoglobulinemia.Discussion:the appearance of thrombotic processes and the high risk of hemorrhage in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection has been one of the greatest challenges regarding the treatment of this pathology. Small-vessel vascular complications, mostly due to distal microangiopathic processes, have brought to the fore the risk / benefit of anticoagulation, the appropriate dose, and its duration.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Inpatients , Physical Examination , Symptom Assessment , Treatment Outcome , Gangrene , Coronavirus Infections , Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus , Thrombotic Microangiopathies , Cryoglobulinemia , Endovascular Procedures , Cardiovascular System , Blood Vessels
16.
Acta méd. peru ; 38(4): 319-323, oct.-dic 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1374120

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La gangrena de Fournier es una patología que se encuentra predominantemente en varones adultos y extremadamente rara en niños. Se han descrito múltiples factores predisponentes en los niños, incluyendo la circuncisión, la dermatitis del pañal, la presencia de abscesos, traumatismos anorrectales y deficiencias inmunológicas. Los signos y síntomas característicos incluyen edema e hiperemia de rápida evolución en la región perineal acompañados de dolor intenso y fiebre. Una vez que se diagnostica la gangrena de Fournier, se debe instaurar tratamiento de forma inmediata, antibióticos endovenosos de amplio espectro y debridamiento quirúrgico temprano del tejido desvitalizado. A continuación presentamos un reporte de casos que incluye las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de dos pacientes pediátricos con gangrena de Fournier que recibieron tratamiento médico y quirúrgico en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño de San Borja.


ABSTRACT Fournier's gangrene is a condition mainly found in adults and it very rarely occurs in children. Multiple predisposing factors have been identified for children, including circumcision, diaper dermatitis, the occurrence of abscesses, anorectal trauma, and immune deficiency. Characteristic signs and symptoms include rapidly progressing edema and hyperemia in the perineal region, accompanied by intense pain and fever. Once Fournier's gangrene is diagnosed, therapy must be immediately instituted, using wide spectrum intravenous antibiotics and early surgical debridement of devitalized tissues. We present a case report including clinical and epidemiological characteristics of two pediatric patients with Fournier's gangrene who received medical and surgical therapy at the Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño in San Borja, Lima, Peru.

17.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 47(3): 297-300, julio-septiembre 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-217364

ABSTRACT

La Gangrena de Fournier es una forma poco frecuente de fascitis necrotizante que puede llegar a ser fatal si no es tratada adecuadamente. Las áreas habitualmente afectadas son el periné y los genitales externos y con frecuencia requieren amplios desbridamientos quirúrgicos que pueden dejar defectos de cobertura extensos.La reconstrucción del tronco del pene requiere una reparación libre de tensión que permita mantener la capacidad eréctil del tejido y evite la formación de una cicatriz retráctil. La viabilidad de la técnica empleada, su resultado estético y el grosor del pene reconstruido son otros factores a tener en cuenta. Las principales opciones para proporcionar cobertura son los colgajos pediculados locales y los injertos de piel de espesor parcial o total.El colgajo fasciocutáneo pudendo se emplea comúnmente en la cirugía reparadora de periné y vagina pero, de acuerdo con lo observado en la literatura, apenas existen 2 casos descritos de su uso en reconstrucción del tronco del pene, con variaciones respecto al diseño tradicional del colgajo. Describimos una secuela de Gangrena de Fournier en la que logramos con éxito la cobertura del tronco del pene gracias a una novedosa modificación en el diseño del colgajo fasciocutáneo pudendo. (AU)


Fournier ́s Gangrene is an uncommon form of necrotizing fasciitis, which can be fatal if inadequately treated. Perineum and external genitalia are the most commonly affected areas. Urgent radical surgical debridement is often required, which results in extensive soft tissue damage.Reparation of penis shaft must be tension-free, preserving erectile capacity, and avoiding retractile scar formation. Viability of the technique, aesthetic outcome, and thickness of the reconstructed penis should be also beard in mind. Local pedicled flaps, and split or full-thickness skin grafts are the main options for providing coverage.The pudendal thigh fasciocutaneous flap is one of the workhorse flaps of choice for perineal and vaginal reconstructive surgery but, to the best of our knowledge, it has only been used for penile shaft reconstruction in 2 single case studies, in which modifications to the classical design were performed. We report the case of a sequel of Fournier's Gangrene, in which penile shaft coverage was successfully accomplished with an innovative modification in the design of the pudendal thigh fasciocutaneous flap. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Surgery, Plastic , Penis , Fournier Gangrene , Myocutaneous Flap , Surgical Flaps
18.
Medicentro (Villa Clara) ; 25(3): 513-521, 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1340199

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La ingestión de cuerpos extraños (en su mayoría espinas de pescado y huesos de pollo) durante la alimentación es frecuente. En gran parte de los casos ocurre accidentalmente, de manera inadvertida, habitualmente silente, en personas alcohólicas, con enfermedad mental o que usan prótesis dental. Generalmente pasan a través del tubo digestivo sin causar daño, y son expulsadas cerca de los siete días después de la ingestión. En cambio, en algunos pacientes puede ocasionar oclusión o perforación del tubo digestivo. Entre las zonas más afectadas están: la región ileocecal y la rectosigmoidea, por su angulación. Se presenta un paciente de 54 años de edad, bebedor habitual y fumador, con perforación del recto por espina de pescado, la cual fue ingerida de forma inadvertida días anteriores. Se le realizó una transversostomía para descompresión; posteriormente desarrolló una gangrena de Fornier en la región genital, y se le realizó una necrectomía y orquiectomía derecha.


ABSTRACT Foreign body ingestion (mostly fish bones and chicken bones) during feeding is common. In most cases, it occurs accidentally, inadvertently, usually silently, in people who are alcoholics, mentally ill, or who wear dental prostheses. They generally pass through the digestive tract without causing damage, and are expelled about seven days after ingestion. On the other hand, in some patients it can cause occlusion or perforation of the digestive tract. The ileocecal and rectosigmoid regions are the most affected areas, due to their angulation. We present a 54-year-old male patient, a habitual drinker and smoker, with a rectal perforation caused by a fish bone, which was inadvertently ingested days before. A decompressing transversostomy was performed; later he developed Fornier's gangrene in the genital region, and a necrosectomy and right orchiectomy were performed.


Subject(s)
Fournier Gangrene , Foreign Bodies , Intestinal Perforation
19.
Rev. inf. cient ; 100(4): e3528, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1289653

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La gangrena de Fournier se define como una forma específica de fascitis necrotizante Tipo I, que constituye una emergencia urológica, poco frecuente y de elevada mortalidad. Objetivo: Caracterizar la gangrena de Fournier en los pacientes atendidos en el servicio de Urología del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Agostinho Neto" en el periodo enero 2008 - diciembre 2018. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de variables demográficas y clínicas (edad, sexo, mortalidad, comorbilidad, causas desencadenantes, sitio primario de la infección, sitio de extensión de la infección, estadía hospitalaria) en 20 pacientes. La historia clínica fue la fuente de información primaria. Los datos fueron procesados mediante el programa estadístico SPSS versión 20.0, y se utilizó la estadística descriptiva para determinar las frecuencias absolutas y relativas (porcentajes) y media. Resultados: El 100 % correspondió a varones con un promedio de edad de 64,0 años (27-92); la mortalidad fue del 40 %. La diabetes mellitus fue la comorbilidad más frecuente en 10 pacientes (50,0 %), 12 (60,0 %) tenían más de un proceso comórbido. Las lesiones cutáneas constituyeron la causa primaria en 11 (55,0 %), y los escrotos fueron el principal sitio de origen de la infección en el 55,0 %. El promedio de estadía hospitalaria fue de 37,7 días (7-75 días). Conclusiones: La correcta evaluación de las variables demográficas y clínicas es necesaria para establecer un correcto diagnóstico y plan de tratamiento.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Fournier's gangrene is defined as a specific form of Type I necrotizing fasciitis, which constitutes a rare urological emergency with high mortality. Objective: To characterize Fournier's gangrene in patients treated in the Urology service of the Hospital General Docente "Dr. Agostinho Neto" in the period from January 2008 to December 2018. Method: A descriptive study of demographic and clinical variables (age, gender, mortality, comorbidity, triggering causes, primary site of infection, site of extension of the infection, hospital stay) was carried out in 20 patients. The medical history was the primary source of information. The data were processed using the statistical program SPSS, version 20.0, and descriptive statistics were used to determine the absolute and relative frequencies (percentages) and mean. Results: 100% corresponded to men with an average age of 64.0 years (27-92); mortality made a 40%. Diabetes mellitus was the most frequent comorbidity, in 10 of the patients (50.0%); 12 patients (60.0%) had more than one comorbid process. Skin lesions were the primary cause in 11 (55.0%), and the scrotum was the main site of origin of infection in 55.0%. The mean hospital stay was 37.7 days (7-75 days). Conclusions: The correct evaluation of the demographic and clinical variables is necessary to establish a correct diagnosis and treatment plan.


RESUMO Introdução: A gangrena de Fournier é definida como uma forma específica de fasceíte necrosante tipo I, que se constitui em uma rara emergência urológica com alta mortalidade. Objetivo: Caracterizar a gangrena de Fournier em pacientes atendidos no serviço de Urologia do Hospital Geral Universitário "Dr. Agostinho Neto" no período de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2018. Método: Estudo descritivo de variáveis demográficas e clínicas (idade, sexo, mortalidade, comorbidade, causas desencadeantes, sítio primário de infecção, extensão do sítio de infecção, internação) em 20 pacientes. O histórico médico foi a principal fonte de informação. Os dados foram processados no programa estatístico SPSS versão 20.0, e a estatística descritiva foi utilizada para determinar as frequências absolutas e relativas (percentuais) e a média. Resultados: 100% corresponderam a homens com idade média de 64,0 anos (27-92); a mortalidade foi de 40%. Diabetes mellitus foi a comorbidade mais frequente em 10 pacientes (50,0%), 12 (60,0%) apresentaram mais de um processo comórbido. Lesões cutâneas foram a causa primária em 11 (55,0%), e o escroto foi o principal sítio de origem da infecção em 55,0%. O tempo médio de internação foi de 37,7 dias (7-75 dias). Conclusões: A correta avaliação das variáveis demográficas e clínicas é necessária para estabelecer um correto diagnóstico e plano de tratamento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Fournier Gangrene/diagnosis , Fournier Gangrene/mortality , Fournier Gangrene/epidemiology , Degloving Injuries/etiology , Epidemiologic Studies
20.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 81(3): 454-457, jun. 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1346484

ABSTRACT

Resumen La flegmasia cerulea dolens es una complicación rara y poco frecuente de la trombosis venos a profunda. Los principales factores predisponentes son los procesos neoformativos, estados de hiper coagulabilidad, insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva, embarazo, inmovilización prolongada y cirugías. Se caracteriza por edema masivo, dolor intenso y cianosis. Sin tratamiento evoluciona con isquemia, necrosis y amputación del miembro comprometido. No existe consenso en su tratamiento, pero éste debe ser rápido, multidisciplinario y agresivo. La anticoagulación con heparina, la fibrinólisis sistémica, la trombectomía percutánea con fibrinólisis local, la trombectomía quirúrgica, la fasciotomía, la colocación de filtro de vena cava inferior y la amputación son algunos de los tratamientos propuestos.


Abstract Phlegmasia cerulea dolens (FCD) is a rare complication of deep vein thrombosis. Its cause is unknown. The main predisposing factors for the disease are neoformative processes, hypercoagulable states, congestive heart failure, pregnancy, prolonged immobilization, and surgeries on the affected limb. FCD is characterized by massive edema, severe pain, and cyanosis. The diagnosis is clinical. It is associated in most cases with pulmonary embolism and can lead to loss of the compromised limb if not treated in time. So far there is no consensus on its treatment. In clinical practice the use of anticoagulation with heparin, local thrombolysis, systemic fibrinolysis, surgical thrombectomy, fasciotomy, and inferior vena cava filter are described. In irreversible cases amputation is required. We present the case of a patient with FCD, the treatment performed and the evolution.


Subject(s)
Humans , Thrombophlebitis/drug therapy , Thrombophlebitis/diagnostic imaging , Venous Thrombosis/drug therapy , Venous Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging , Heparin , Thrombectomy , Fibrinolysis
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