ABSTRACT
Introducción: La COVID-19 por su dimensión mundial y las fuertes modificaciones que ha generado en las dinámicas de vida se ha convertido en un fenómeno con repercusión en todos los contextos sociales y en la psicología individual o colectiva, a lo cual no escapa la salud sexual y reproductiva. Objetivo: Visibilizar los problemas reales o potenciales que la actual pandemia presupone en el área de la salud sexual y reproductiva, desde un enfoque psicosocial. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica a partir de las bases de datos electrónicas, Google Scholar, PubMed central, LILACS, BIREME, SciELO Regional, empleando como palabras claves SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 and reproductive sexual health or gender violence. La información recopilada se sintetizó en tres temas fundamentales: relaciones de pareja, inequidades de género y reacomodo de los servicios. Conclusiones: La crisis sanitaria actual y el distanciamiento social que impone pudieran tener un impacto negativo en las relaciones de pareja o las estructuras de dominación de género, donde las mujeres, las niñas y otros grupos vulnerables pudieran verse desfavorecidos. En este tema, como en muchos otros relacionados con la COVID-19, aunque se requieren más investigaciones, existen muchas cuestiones a las que se les debe prestar atención, desde una perspectiva sistémica y con un enfoque de prevención y contención oportuna. Se precisa del esfuerzo colectivo y desprejuiciado para el apoyo social, judicial, policial y de salud, que permita superar las secuelas actuales y futuras de esta pandemia en la atención a los problemas de la salud sexual y reproductiva(AU)
Introduction: COVID-19 due to its global dimension and the strong changes it has generated in the dynamics of life has become a phenomenon with repercussions in all social contexts and in individual or collective psychology, to which sexual and reproductive health does not escape. Objective: Make visible the real or potential problems that the current pandemic presupposes in the area of sexual and reproductive health, from a psychosocial approach. Methods: A literature review was carried out from the electronic databases like Google Scholar, central PubMed, LILACS, BIREME, Regional SciELO, using as keywords SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 and reproductive sexual health or gender violence. The information collected was synthesized in three fundamental themes: relationships, gender inequities and re-arrangement of services. Conclusions: The current health crisis and the social distancing it imposes could have a negative impact on relationships or structures of gender domination, where women, girls and other vulnerable groups could be disadvantaged. On this topic, as in many others related to COVID-19, although more research is required, there are many issues that need to be addressed from a systemic perspective and with a timely prevention and containment approach. A collective and unprejudiced effort is needed for social, judicial, police and health support, which allows overcoming the current and future consequences of this pandemic in the attention to the problems of sexual and reproductive health(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Psychosocial Impact , Reproductive Health , Gender-Based Violence/psychology , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/psychology , COVID-19/epidemiologyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Gender disparities in healthcare are striking, notwithstanding an increase in female students and physicians. Underrepresentation of women in leadership positions is well-documented; however, information from low and middle-income countries (LMICs) is still sparse. The Argentinian Society of Intensive Care Medicine (SATI) aimed to characterize the gender composition in Argentine ICUs. METHODS AND RESULTS: Between 8/1/2018 and 1/1/2019, 131 questionnaires were submitted to ICU Department Chairs of SATI research networks. Gender distribution of the different staffing levels, board certification and hospital characteristics were recorded. One-hundred and four were completed, including 2186 physicians; 44% were female. Female participation decreased with highest responsibility: only 23% of Department Chairs were female (Pâ¯=â¯.002 vs. the rest of the staffing categories, adjusted for multiple comparisons). Residents exhibited the highest proportion of female physicians (47%). Board certification was similar for both sexes (62.3% vs. 62.2%, Pâ¯=â¯.97). Female/male distribution in public and private hospitals was 47%/53% and 40/60% (Pâ¯<â¯.01), respectively. CONCLUSION: Our data provide evidence of an important gender gap in ICU management in a LMIC. Women were poorly represented in the leadership positions, although qualifications were similar to men. Moreover, female physicians worked more frequently in the public health subsector, usually underfinanced in LMICs-a surrogate of a gender pay gap.