Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 12 de 12
Filter
1.
Cir Cir ; 92(3): 287-297, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38862105

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the limitations, barriers, and complications in the early transition from the microscopic transsphenoidal approach (MTA) to the endonasal endoscopic approach (EEA) to the skull base in our institution. METHODS: Technical challenges, as well as clinical features and complications, were compared between MTA, EEA, and mixed cases during the early surgical curve. RESULTS: The period from the early learning curve was 1 year until the EEA protocol was used routinely. A total of 34 patients registered a resection using a transsphenoidal approach. Eighteen patients underwent EEA, 11 underwent MTA, and five underwent a mixed endonasal and microscopic approach. Non-significant differences were found in endocrine outcomes between the three groups. Patients with unchanged or improved visual function were higher in the EEA group (p = 0.147). Non-significant differences were found in terms of the extent of resection (EOR) between groups (p = 0.369). Only 1 (2.9%) patient in the whole series developed a post-operative CSF leaking that resolved with medical management, belonging to the EEA group (5.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The early phase of the learning curve did not affect our series significantly in terms of the EOR, endocrine status, and visual outcomes.


OBJETIVO: Investigar las limitaciones, las barreras y las complicaciones en la transición del abordaje transesfenoidal microscópico (ATM) al abordaje endonasal endoscópico (AEE) para la base del cráneo en nuestra institución. MÉTODO: Se compararon las características clínicas y las complicaciones entre ATM, AEE y casos mixtos durante la curva quirúrgica temprana. RESULTADOS: El periodo desde la curva de aprendizaje inicial fue de 1 año hasta que se utilizó el protocolo AEE de forma sistemática. Un total de 34 pacientes tuvieron una resección por vía transesfenoidal. A 18 pacientes se les realizó AEE, a 11 ATM y a 5 abordaje mixto endonasal y microscópico. Se encontraron diferencias no significativas en los resultados endocrinos entre los tres grupos. Los pacientes con función visual sin cambios o mejorada fueron más en el grupo AEE (p = 0.147). No se encontraron diferencias significativas respecto a la extensión de la resección (p = 0.369). Solo 1 (2.9%) paciente desarrolló una fístula de líquido cefalorraquídeo que se resolvió con manejo médico, perteneciente al grupo AEE (5.5%). CONCLUSIONES: La fase inicial de la curva de aprendizaje no afectó significativamente a nuestra serie en términos de extensión de la resección, estado endocrino y resultados visuales.


Subject(s)
Learning Curve , Humans , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Adult , Pituitary Neoplasms/surgery , Aged , Retrospective Studies , Microsurgery/methods , Sella Turcica/surgery , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Nasal Cavity/surgery , Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery/methods , Neuroendoscopy/methods , Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak/etiology , Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak/epidemiology , Endoscopy/methods
2.
Neurocirugía (Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir.) ; 33(5): 219-226, sept.-oct. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-208212

ABSTRACT

BackgroundThe purpose of the study was to create computer-aided design models of the sphenoid sinus with a free-source software in order to perform a preoperative planning during trans-sphenoidal endoscopic surgery (TES) and clarify the three-dimensional anatomical features of the sphenoid sinus and its surrounding structures.MethodsFor each patient a 3D volume rendering of the sphenoid sinus was obtained from a thin slice head and maxilla-facial CT scan using a free-source DICOM viewer. The 3D models obtained preoperatively were examined preoperatively by six neurosurgeons in order to identify the boundaries of the sella.ResultsFor the main anatomical landmark, all of the observers were able to recognize the anatomical structure at a rate ranging from 80 to 98%, 28 to 60% and 25 to 58% for expert (n=3), inexpert (n=3) and the entire group of observers (n=6), respectively. The analysis of the data shows that both observation groups presented a lower recognition rate of the following parameters: right and left medial and lateral optocarotid recesses and tumor prominence, however, the sellar prominence, clival recess, planum sphenoidalis, right and left ICA prominence, right and left optic prominences represent the main anatomical landmarks to be recognized during TES immediately before the opening of the sellar floor.ConclusionsThe use of a preoperative 3D imaging is not in itself a novelty in the literature, however the fact that a simple tool obtained with a free-source software like Horos can represent a considerable help in surgical practice without resorting to the use of more complex software and expensive represents the real utility of this work (AU)


AntecedentesEl objetivo del estudio es crear modelos de diseño asistido por ordenador del seno esfenoidal con software de código abierto para realizar la planificación preoperatoria durante la cirugía transesfenoidal endoscópica (TES) y dilucidar las características anatómicas tridimensionales del seno esfenoidal y las estructuras que lo rodean.MétodosPara cada paciente, se obtuvo una representación volumétrica en 3D del seno esfenoidal, a partir de una tomografía computarizada maxilofacial de corte fino utilizando un visor DICOM de fuente libre. Los modelos 3D obtenidos antes de la cirugía fueron revisados por seis neurocirujanos para identificar los límites de la silla turca.ResultadosPara el principal punto de referencia anatómico, todos los observadores fueron capaces de reconocer la estructura anatómica en un rango de 80 a 98%, 28 a 60% y 25 a 58% para los experimentados (n=3), los inexpertos (n=3) y todo el grupo de observadores (n=6), respectivamente. El análisis de los datos muestra que ambos grupos de observación presentaron una tasa de reconocimiento menor de los siguientes parámetros: recesos optocarotídeos medial y lateral izquierdo y prominencia tumoral, sin embargo, prominencia selar, receso clival, plano esfenoidal, prominencia ICA derecha e izquierda. Las prominencias ópticas derecha e izquierda representan los principales puntos de referencia anatómicos que deben reconocerse durante la TES inmediatamente antes de la apertura del suelo selar.ConclusionesEl uso de una imagen 3D preoperatoria no es en sí mismo una novedad en la literatura, sin embargo, el hecho de que una simple herramienta obtenida con un software de código abierto como Horos pueda representar una importante ayuda en la práctica quirúrgica, sin tener que recurrir al uso de un software más complejo y costoso, representa la verdadera utilidad de este trabajo (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Therapy, Computer-Assisted , Sphenoid Sinus/surgery , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Preoperative Care , Reproducibility of Results
3.
Neurocirugia (Astur : Engl Ed) ; 33(5): 219-226, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36084958

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to create computer-aided design models of the sphenoid sinus with a free-source software in order to perform a preoperative planning during trans-sphenoidal endoscopic surgery (TES) and clarify the three-dimensional anatomical features of the sphenoid sinus and its surrounding structures. METHODS: For each patient a 3D volume rendering of the sphenoid sinus was obtained from a thin slice head and maxilla-facial CT scan using a free-source DICOM viewer. The 3D models obtained preoperatively were examined preoperatively by six neurosurgeons in order to identify the boundaries of the sella. RESULTS: For the main anatomical landmark, all of the observers were able to recognize the anatomical structure at a rate ranging from 80 to 98%, 28 to 60% and 25 to 58% for expert (n=3), inexpert (n=3) and the entire group of observers (n=6), respectively. The analysis of the data shows that both observation groups presented a lower recognition rate of the following parameters: right and left medial and lateral optocarotid recesses and tumor prominence, however, the sellar prominence, clival recess, planum sphenoidalis, right and left ICA prominence, right and left optic prominences represent the main anatomical landmarks to be recognized during TES immediately before the opening of the sellar floor. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a preoperative 3D imaging is not in itself a novelty in the literature, however the fact that a simple tool obtained with a free-source software like Horos can represent a considerable help in surgical practice without resorting to the use of more complex software and expensive represents the real utility of this work.


Subject(s)
Endoscopy , Sphenoid Sinus , Endoscopy/methods , Humans , Nose , Sphenoid Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Sphenoid Sinus/pathology , Sphenoid Sinus/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
4.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 90(5): 443-447, ene. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1404924

ABSTRACT

Resumen ANTECEDENTES: La apoplejía hipofisaria es un infarto o hemorragia súbita en un tumor o tejido sano de la glándula pituitaria. El 80% de los casos es en pacientes con un adenoma hipofisario. El cuadro clínico se caracteriza por: cefalea, alteraciones visuales, náuseas y vómito; además, insuficiencia hipofisaria, que puede ser potencialmente mortal para la madre y el feto. El tratamiento conservador incluye analgésicos, corticosteroides y agonistas dopaminérgicos en caso de prolactinoma. El tratamiento quirúrgico de elección es la resección transesfenoidal. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 35 años, con antecedentes de tres embarazos, un aborto y prolactinoma diagnosticado a los 22 años, en tratamiento con cabergolina. Acudió a consulta debido a cefalea a las 17 semanas de embarazo que se exacerbó a las 28.4 semanas. En la resonancia magnética se observó que la hipófisis medía 17 x 12 x 7 mm, con datos de hemorragia subaguda; con base en ello se diagnosticó: apoplejía hipofisaria. Se indicó tratamiento conservador con antiinflamatorios no esteroideos, opioides y corticosteroides; sin embargo, ante el deterioro del cuadro clínico se decidió la resección transeptal-transesfenoidal endoscópica del adenoma hipofisiario, a las 30.5 semanas de embarazo. La paciente evidenció una mejoría significativa y permaneció asintomática hasta la finalización del embarazo a las 37.5 semanas. CONCLUSIONES: Si bien la apoplejía hipofisaria es de baja incidencia en el embarazo se torna en un factor de riesgo de muerte; por ello, el ginecoobstetra debe tener conocimiento de las posibles implicaciones en el embarazo, ofrecer atención multidisciplinaria y considerar que el tratamiento quirúrgico es una opción segura en el embarazo.


Abstract BACKGROUND: Pituitary apoplexy is a sudden infarction or hemorrhage in a tumor or healthy tissue of the pituitary gland. Eighty percent of cases are in patients with a pituitary adenoma. The clinical picture is characterized by headache, visual disturbances, nausea and vomiting, and pituitary insufficiency, which can be life-threatening for the mother and fetus. Conservative treatment includes analgesics, corticosteroids and dopaminergic agonists in case of prolactinoma. The surgical treatment of choice is transsphenoidal resection. CLINICAL CASE: 35-year-old female patient with a history of three pregnancies, one miscarriage and prolactinoma diagnosed at 22 years of age, under treatment with cabergoline. She came for consultation due to headache at 17 weeks of pregnancy that was exacerbated at 28.4 weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that the pituitary gland measured 17 x 12 x 7 mm, with evidence of subacute hemorrhage; based on this, a diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy was made. Conservative treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids and corticosteroids was indicated; however, due to the deterioration of the clinical picture, endoscopic transseptal-transsphenoidal resection of the pituitary adenoma was decided at 30.5 weeks of pregnancy. The patient showed significant improvement and remained asymptomatic until the end of pregnancy at 37.5 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Although pituitary apoplexy is of low incidence in pregnancy, it becomes a risk factor for death; therefore, the obstetrician/gynecologist should be aware of the possible implications in pregnancy, offer multidisciplinary care and consider that surgical treatment is a safe option in pregnancy.

5.
Radiologia (Engl Ed) ; 61(6): 467-476, 2019.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31000142

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To show the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in the anatomic and pathologic characterization of the sellar region, emphasizing the differential diagnosis of uncommon non-adenomatous tumors and pseudotumors studied in our institution. CONCLUSION: The sellar region is a complex anatomic space with diverse types of tissues from which a wide spectrum of diseases can arise. Magnetic resonance imaging's high tissue resolution and ability to characterize the patterns of tumor growth and biological behavior make it the best imaging technique to study this region.


Subject(s)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pituitary Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Sella Turcica/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult
6.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 90(2): 145-151, abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1003731

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: El diagnóstico de deficiencia de hormona de crecimiento (DHC) es difícil de establecer, y se puede asociar a serias complicaciones, especialmente en el período neonatal. La prueba de estímulo de secreción de hormona de crecimiento (HC) se considera de elección para el diagnóstico, pero presenta complicaciones metodológicas y se asocia a efectos adversos. Los neonatos presentan aumento de la secreción de HC de forma fisiológica, siendo una ventana diagnóstica. OBJETIVO: Evaluar si la muestra de sangre en papel filtro tomada en el período neonatal, en contexto del tamizaje neonatal de hipotiroidismo congénito y fenilcetonuria, permite diferenciar pacientes con DHC, de los que no la presentan. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Estudio de casos y controles mediante determinación de concentración de HC en sangre de papel filtro extraída en período neonatal, comparando controles con DHC con casos con deficiencia descartada. Se realizó extracción de la muestra del papel filtro, obteniendo dos discos de 0,125 pulgada por cada uno de los pacientes desde el centro de la mancha de sangre del papel, para un ELISA de HC humana altamente sensible basado en el uso de anticuerpos policlonales dirigidos contra la HC humana recombinante de 22kDa de peso molecular. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvo un total de 7 casos de DHC y 10 controles. La mediana de concentración de HC de papel filtro en los casos es 2,0 ng/ml (Rango intercuartil 3,6 ng/ml) y controles 2,05 ng/mL (RIC 2,0 ng/ml), U de Mann-Withney 30,5 (p = 0,68). Los dos casos con deficiencia de hormonas hipofisarias múltiples (DHHM) presentan concentraciones menores a 1 ng/ml. CONCLUSIÓN: La muestra de papel filtro no permitió diferenciar a los pacientes con DHC de los casos controles, aunque los casos con DHHM presentaron concentraciones mucho menores, en comparación a la deficiencia de hormona de crecimiento aislada (DHCA).


INTRODUCTION: The diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is difficult to determine, and could be associated with severe complications, especially in the neonatal period. The stimulation test of growth hormone (GH) secretion is considered the gold standard for diagnosis, but it has methodological complications and is associated with adverse effects. Neonates present physiological increased secretion of GH, representing a diagnostic window. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if the dried blood spot on filter paper obtained in the neonatal period, as part of a neonatal screening for con genital hypothyroidism and phenylketonuria, allows differentiating patients with GHD from those who do not have it. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Study of cases and controls by measuring the GH concen tration in dried blood spot on filter paper obtained in the neonatal period, comparing controls with GHD with cases with discarded deficiency. The sample was extracted from the filter paper, obtaining two 0.125 inch discs per each patient from the center of the blood spot on the paper, for a highly sen sitive ELISA assay for human GH based on the use of polyclonal antibodies against 22 kDa recom binant human GH. RESULTS: Seven cases of GHD and ten controls were obtained. The median GH concentration of the dried blood spot in the cases is 2.0 ng/ml (Interquartile range 3.6 ng/ml) and 2.05 ng/ml (Interquartile range 2.0 ng/ml) in the controls, Mann-Whitney U test 30.5 (p = 0.68). The two cases with multiple pituitary-hormone deficiency (MPHD) present concentrations lower than 1 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: The dried blood spot sample did not differentiate GHD patients from control cases, although MPHD cases present much lower concentrations compared to isolated growth hor mone deficiency (IGHD).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Neonatal Screening , Human Growth Hormone/deficiency , Dried Blood Spot Testing , Growth Disorders/diagnosis , Hypopituitarism/diagnosis , Biomarkers/blood , Case-Control Studies , Human Growth Hormone/blood , Dwarfism, Pituitary/diagnosis , Dwarfism, Pituitary/blood , Growth Disorders/etiology , Growth Disorders/blood , Hypopituitarism/complications , Hypopituitarism/blood
7.
Rev. chil. neurocir ; 42(2): 111-117, nov. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-869761

ABSTRACT

Los pituicitomas son tumores infrecuentes de la región selar y supraselar, originados de la neurohipófisis, que suelen ser confundidos con otros tumores al compartir características imaginológicas. Se reporta el caso de una mujer de 36 años de edad, con un pituicitoma en la región selar, que fue diagnosticado como un adenoma hipofisario debido a los hallazgos clínicos e imaginológicos preoperatorios y se realiza una revisión de la literatura.


The Pituicytomas are rare tumors of the sellar and suprasellar region originated of the neurohypophysis and are usually confused with other tumors when sharing imagining features. It is reported a case of a 36 years old woman with pituicytoma in the sellar region that was diagnosed as a pituitary adenoma due to the presurgical clinical and imaging findings and, it is revised the literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Endoscopy/methods , Galactorrhea , Hyperprolactinemia , Pituitary Gland, Posterior/pathology , Prolactinoma/surgery , Prolactinoma/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Pituitary Neoplasms/surgery , Pituitary Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pituitary Neoplasms/epidemiology , Radiosurgery , Sella Turcica/injuries , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
8.
Acta toxicol. argent ; 22(3): 116-121, dic. 2014. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-750435

ABSTRACT

Cadmium is an important metal for modern industrial processes and, being biologically non-essential, poses health hazards to the organisms. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effect of cadmium exposure on the histo-cytology of prolactin cells in the freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes (H.) fossilis. Fish were subjected to 288 mg/L (0.8 of 96 h LC50) and 72 mg/L (0.2 of 96 h LC50) of cadmium chloride for short-term and long-term, respectively. After sacrificing the fish, the blood was collected on 24, 48, 72 and 96 h in short-term and after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days in long-term experiment and analyzed for plasma calcium levels. Also, pituitary glands were fixed on these intervals. The plasma calcium levels of short-term cadmium exposed fish remain unchanged after 24 h. The levels exhibit a progressive decrease from 48 h onwards. The fish exposed to cadmium for 7 days exhibit a decrease in the plasma calcium level. Thereafter, the levels progressively decrease till the end of the experiment (28 days). The prolactin cells of the control fish exhibit structural resemblance to the description given for the prolactin cells of normal H. fossilis. No change in the histological structure and nuclear volume of prolactin cells of cadmium non-exposed fish has been noticed throughout the experiment. In cadmium treated fish, the prolactin cells remain unchanged till 14 days. On day 21, the nuclear volume of these cells exhibits an increase and the cells degranulate. These changes increased profoundly on day 28. In addition, vacuolization and cytolysis were also encountered on day 28 following cadmium treatment. It is concluded that cadmium affects the prolactin cells of the fish H. fossilis thus disturbing the ionic balance.


El cadmio es un metal importante para los procesos industriales modernos, siendo no esencial biológicamente, representa riesgos para la salud de organismos. En este estudio tratamos de evaluar el efecto de la exposición al cadmio por el aspecto histológico y citológico de células secretoras de prolactinas del pez gato de agua dulce Heteropneustes (H.) fossilis. Los peces fueron sometidos a una exposición de 288 mg/L (0,8 de 96 h CL50) and 72 mg/L (0,2 de 96 h CL50) de cloruro de cadmio por a corto y largo término respectivamente. Después del sacrificio de los peces, la sangre fue colectada, tomando muestras de 24, 48, 72 y 96 hs en el corto término y de 7, 14, 21 y 28 días en las sometidas a largo término, la cuales se analizaron para medir niveles de calcio. Además, las glándulas pituitarias fueron fijadas en esos intervalos El nivel plasmático de calcio en los experimentos de exposición a corto tiempo se mantuvo sin cambio tras 24 h. Los niveles exhibieron una caída progresiva a partir de las 48 hs. Los peces expuestos a cadmio por 7 días presentaron una disminución en el nivel plasmático de calcio. Después de esto, los niveles decayeron progresivamente hasta el fin del experimento (28 días). Las células prolactínicas de los peces controles mostraron semejanza estructural a la descripción dada para estas células normales en H. fossilis. No se observaron cambios en la estructura histológica y el volumen nuclear de las células prolactínicas de los peces no expuestos a cadmio a través de todo el experimento. En los peces tratados con cadmio las células prolactínicas se mantuvieron sin cambios hasta los 14 días. En el día 21, el volumen nuclear de esas células se incrementó y estas células presentaron desgranulación. Estos cambios aumentaron profundamente en las muestras del día 28. Adicionalmente en el día 28 posterior al tratamiento con cadmio se encontró vacuolización y citólisis. Se concluyó en que el Cadmo afecta las cñelupas prolactínicas de H fossilis, produciendo disturbios en el balance iónico.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cadmium Poisoning/blood , Cadmium Poisoning/diagnosis , Catfishes/anatomy & histology , Prolactin/analysis
9.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 61(10): 575-8, 2014 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24636598

ABSTRACT

Sheehan's syndrome is described as panhypopituitarism secondary to a pituitary hypoperfusion during or just after obstetric hemorrhage. Advances in obstetric care make this syndrome quite unusual, but some cases are reported in underdeveloped countries. Clinical presentation may change depending on the severity of the hormone deficiencies. The diagnosis is clinical, but abnormalities are observed in the magnetic resonance in up to 70% of patients. We present a case of a woman with hypotension, hypothermia and edemas in relation to a previous massive postpartum hemorrhage. Failure in lactation was the clue to the diagnosis. A review of its main features, its diagnosis and treatment in the current literature is also presented.


Subject(s)
Hypopituitarism/etiology , Postpartum Hemorrhage , Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy
10.
Rev. medica electron ; 33(7)dic. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-51338

ABSTRACT

Harvey Williams Cushing, célebre por sus estudios sobre la presión sanguínea y la glándula pituitaria, se especializó en neurocirugía. Durante la Primera Guerra Mundial, trabajó en un quirófano de Francia, le fue valioso para desarrollar sus investigaciones. En 1933 se jubiló y abandonó la práctica de la Medicina para enseñar Neurobiología. Sus experimentos se centraron en los efectos del aumento de la presión intracraneana de los animales, le sirvieron para perfeccionar los métodos de diagnóstico, localización y extirpación quirúrgica de los tumores intracraneales. En 1906 comenzó a realizar mediciones de la presión sanguínea de sus pacientes y dio a conocer la hipertensión y sus efectos. Dos años más tarde pasó a estudiar la función y patología de la glándula pituitaria en los perros, y demostró que la acromegalia se relacionaba con un tipo de sobre actividad de la pituitaria en el proceso del crecimiento animal, mientras que el enanismo dependía de una menor actividad de la citada glándula. Pronosticó que el debilitamiento crónico y los síntomas asociados a este estaban causados por cierta clase de tumor localizado en la pituitaria. Excelente cirujano que operó a más de dos mil pacientes, consiguió reducir la tasa de mortalidad de un 40 % a menos del 5 por ciento, y fue el primero en intervenir las enfermedades del cerebro susceptibles a un tratamiento quirúrgico. Sus investigaciones quedaron en las numerosas obras que escribió, entre las que se encuentran: Meningiomas, su clasificación, repercusiones de su localización y resultados quirúrgicos; Tumores intracraneales (1932) o La vida de Sir William Osler (1925), por la que le fue concedido el Premio Pulitzer en 1926...(AU)


Harvey Williams Cushing, famous for his studies on the blood pressure and the pituitary gland, specialized in neurosurgery. During the First World War, he worked in a surgery of France, very useful for the development of his investigations. In 1933 he retired and abandoned the medical practice to teach Neurobiology. His experiments were centered in the effects of the increase of the animals intracranial pressure, and served him to improve the methods of diagnosis, localization and surgical extirpation of the intracranial tumors. In 1906 he began to measure the blood pressure of his patients, and described the hypertension and its effects. Two years later he started to study the function and pathology of the pituitary gland in dogs, and demonstrated that the acromegaly is related with a kind of over activity of the pituitary in the process of animal grow, while the dwarfism depends on a less activity of that gland. He predicted that the chronic weakness and its associated symptoms were caused for certain class of tumors located in the pituitary gland. An excellent surgeon who operated more than two thousand patients, he achieved the reduction of the morbidity rate from 40 % to less than 5 per cent, and was the first in operating the brain diseases susceptible to a surgery treatment. His researches are gathered in the several books he wrote. Among them we can find: meningiomas, its classification, repercussion of its location and surgical outcomes; Intracranial tumors (1932) or The life of Sir William Osler (1925), for which he was given the Pulitzer Prize in 1926(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , Neurosurgery/history , Biographies as Topic , History of Medicine
11.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 50(6): 1122-1126, dez. 2006. ilus
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-439734

ABSTRACT

O abscesso hipofisário representa uma patologia rara, que, contudo, deve ser considerada na avaliação das massas selares, uma vez que o seu prognóstico depende da drenagem cirúrgica e do uso de antibióticos específicos. A principal manifestação clínica é cefaléia crônica e nem sempre está associada à identificação de um foco infeccioso, o que diminui a probabilidade da sua inclusão nas hipóteses diagnósticas. Apresenta-se o caso de um paciente com abscesso de hipófise e história pregressa de adenoma operado, cefaléia de início recente e hipopituitarismo adquirido, cujo diagnóstico inicial foi de apoplexia pituitária.


A pituitary abscess is a rare pathology, but it must be considered when evaluating sellar masses, since its prognosis depends on surgical drainage and on the use of specific antibiotics. The main clinical manifestation is chronic headache, and it is not always associated with the identification of a site of infection, which diminishes the probability of including it in diagnostic hypotheses. The case is presented of a patient with a pituitary abscess and a previous history of adenoma that had been operated on, recent onset headache and acquired hypopituitarism whose initial diagnosis was pituitary apoplexy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Brain Abscess/diagnosis , Pituitary Gland , Pituitary Apoplexy/diagnosis , Adenoma/surgery , Diagnosis, Differential , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pituitary Neoplasms/surgery
12.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 8(2): 47-55, Mayo-ago. 2004.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-739652

ABSTRACT

Las endocrinopatías durante la gestación son entidades con características propias. La disfunción hipofisaria es infrecuente pero no menos importante. Estudiamos 30 mujeres embarazadas con afecciones hipofisarias que asistían a consulta provincial de Endocrinología y Gestación creada al efecto. El promedio de edad fue de 19,3 ± 6,1 años, predominando la raza blanca. Se determinó por trimestres TSH, LH, FSH y Prl, así como FO y campimetría. Como resultado obtuvimos que predominó el microadenoma de hipófisis en 16 casos; seguido de la silla turca vacía primaria o secundaria, con 6 casos; el craneofaringeoma, macroadenoma operado y diabetes insípida fueron los menos frecuentes. Hormonalmente se apreció un marcado aumento de la prolactina en todos los trimestres de la gestación, no así de la FSH y LH, que se mantuvieron normales, pero bajos. La TSH no sufrió variación alguna. En cuanto al tratamiento sólo 3 pacientes con microadenoma necesitaron la toma de Parlodel durante la gestación. Concluimos que no encontramos crecimiento tumoral en las portadoras de microadenoma; tampoco se reportó malformación alguna en las que tomaron Bromocriptina durante la gestación. Algunas pacientes presentaron hipogalactia después del cese del embarazo.


Endocrinopathics during pregnancy are entities with proper characteristics. Hypophyseal dysfunction is not frequent but not less important. Thirty pregnant suffering from hypophyseal disorders were studied, all them attended to Provincial Endocrinology and Pregnancy Consultations. The average age was 19.3 ± 6.1 years, prevailing the Caucasian race. TSH, 1H, FSH and Prl as well as FO and campimetry were determined quarterly. Results obtained showed that microadenoma of the hypophysis prevailed in 16 cases followed by empty primary or secondary sella (turcica) syndrome (6 cases), being less frequent craniopharingeoma, macroadenoma (operated on) and diabetes insipidus, in hormones there was a marked increase of prolactine in all quarterlies of pregnancy, FSH and 1H had normal standards but low, THS showed no variations. Only 3 patients suffering from microadenoma needed the administration of Parlodel during pregnancy. Concluding that no tumour growth was found in patients suffering from microadenoma, malformation was not reported in women taking Bromocriptine during pregnancy. Some women presented hypogalactia after pregnancy.

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...