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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(5): 1364-1371, oct. 2023. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521035

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The salivary glands in pathological conditions produce countless different clinical presentations, and due to their complex neuroanatomy, their pain symptoms vary widely. However, in the literature to date, few studies characterize salivary gland pain. The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review concerning the clinical characteristics of pain in various salivary gland pathologies. A literature review was done through a systematic search of scientific articles in the Web of Science (WoS), MEDLINE, Scopus, and Elton B. Stephens Company (EBSCO) databases. The free terms "salivary gland", "parotid gland", "submaxillary gland", "sublingual gland", and "pain" were used along with the Boolean operators OR and AND. The search yielded a total of 1896 articles, of which 60 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were ultimately included in this review. It is described that pain is a nonspecific symptom of a glandular pathology and is characterized mainly by the location of the pain, which is correlated with the anatomical location of the affected salivary gland. Among the painful salivary gland pathologies, we found inflammatory disorders, including infections, obstructions, disorders secondary to hyposalivation; systemic autoimmune diseases; neoplasms, and neuropathic pain disorders. The diagnosis and management of salivary gland pain require knowledge of the causes and mechanisms of the pain, and it is to recognize the signs and symptoms of salivary gland disorders to be able to diagnose and treat them.


Las glándulas salivales en condiciones patológicas producen un sinfín de presentaciones clínicas diferentes, y debido a su compleja neuroanatomía generan variaciones en su sintomatología dolorosa. Sin embargo, en la literatura hasta ahora son escasos los estudios que caracterizan el dolor de glándulas salivales. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión de la literatura respecto a las características clínicas del dolor en diversas patologías de glándulas salivales. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura, a través de la búsqueda sistemática de artículos científicos en las bases de datos Web of Science (WoS), MEDLINE, Scopus y Elton B. Stephens Company (EBSCO). A través de los términos libres: "salivary gland", "parotid gland", "submaxillary gland", "sublingual gland", "pain", junto con los operadores booleanos OR y AND. La búsqueda arrojó un total de 1896 artículos, de los cuales 60 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y fueron finalmente incluidos en esta revisión. Se describe que el dolor es un síntoma poco específico para la patología glandular y está caracterizado principalmente por la localización del dolor, el cual se correlaciona con la ubicación anatómica de la glándula salival afectada. Dentro de las patologías dolorosas de glándulas salivales encontramos los trastornos inflamatorios, incluidas infecciones, obstrucciones, trastornos secundarios a hiposalivación; enfermedades sistémicas autoinmunes; neoplasias y trastornos de dolor neuropático. El diagnóstico y manejo del dolor de glándulas salivales requiere del conocimiento de las causas y mecanismos del dolor, siendo necesario reconocer los signos y síntomas de los trastornos de glándulas salivales para ser capaces de diagnosticarlos y tratarlos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Salivary Gland Diseases/pathology , Salivary Glands/pathology , Facial Pain
2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385903

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: La hiperplasia adenomatoide (HA) se considera una patología no neoplásica de etiología desconocida asociada principalmente a trauma como principal factor causal, con localización frecuente en paladar duro y blando. El presente caso muestra el primer caso de HA en reborde alveolar asociado a prótesis removible mal adaptada. Hombre de 81 años con diabetes mellitus y HTA controlada presentaba un aumento de volumen nodular en reborde alveolar maxilar del color de la mucosa, de consistencia firme y márgenes definidos que medía 1,5 x 0,7 cm de diámetro, asintomático y asociada a falta de diente 1.3 protésico reportando 6 años de evolución. Se realizó biopsia excisional y estudio histopatológic o con hiperplasia de acinos glandulares. El 80 % de los casos se observa en paladar seguida de la mucosa oral, lengua y zona retromolar, pero sin reportes en encía o reborde alveolar. El factor causal mayormente asociado es el trauma crónico principalmente asociado a prótesis mal adaptadas, aunque existen estudios de un cromosoma aberrante con un rol desconocido tanto en su patogénesis como en su posible potencial maligno. En el caso actual, la lesión se asocia fuertemente a prótesis removible mal adaptada sugiriendo una lesión de aspecto reactivo. Por lo tanto, la HA se debe incluir como diagnóstico diferencial tanto a nivel palatino como en otras localizaciones incluyendo reborde alveolar. Además, se debe considerar cuando existe un factor etiológico traumático como prótesis removibles mal adaptadas, siendo necesario su confirmación mediante estudio histopatológico especialmente por su similitud con otras patologías.


ABSTRACT: Adenomatoid hyperplasia (AH) is considered a non-neoplastic pathology of unknown etiology but mainly associated with trauma as the main causal factor, with frequent localization on hard and soft palate. The present case shows the first case of AH on the alveolar ridge associated with a poorly adapted removable prosthesis. An 81-year-old man with diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension controlled presents a nodular tumor in the maxillary alveolar ridge of the color of the mucosa, with a firm consistency and defined edges measuring 1.5 x 0.7 cm in diameter, asymptomatic and associated with a lack of a 1.3 prosthetic tooth reporting 6 years of evolution. Excisional biopsy and histopathological study were performed with glandular acini hyperplasia. The AH is observed in 80 % of cases on the palate followed by the oral mucosa, tongue and retromolar area, but without reports on the gingiva or alveolar ridge. The most associated causal factor is chronic trauma, mainly associated with poorly adapted prostheses, although there are studies of an aberrant chromosome with an unknown role both in his pathogenesis and possible malignant potential. In the current case, the lesion is strongly associated with a poorly adapted removable prosthesis, suggesting a lesion with a reactive appearance. Therefore, AH should be included as a differential diagnosis both at the palatal level and in other locations including the alveolar ridge. In addition, it should be considered when there is a traumatic etiological factor such as poorly adapted removable prostheses, It's confirmation by histopathological study being necessary, especially due to its similarity with other pathologies.

3.
Rev. argent. reumatolg. (En línea) ; 33(2): 83-89, abr. - jun. 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1393394

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la enfermedad relacionada con IgG4 (ER-IgG4) es una afección inmunomediada, asociada con lesiones fibroinflamatorias que pueden ocurrir en casi cualquier órgano. Ante su sospecha clínica es fundamental realizar el examen histopatológico para excluir malignidad y otras enfermedades. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue describir los hallazgos histológicos de la biopsia de glándulas salivales labiales (GSL) en pacientes con diagnóstico de ER-IgG4 y, posteriormente, comparar estos hallazgos con la histología e inmunohistoquímica de la glándula salival mayor (GSM). Materiales y métodos: estudio retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo sobre una cohorte de 40 pacientes con diagnóstico de ER-IgG4. Se incluyeron 26 pacientes con diagnóstico de ER-IgG4 que presentaron biopsias de GSL. Resultados: el 73% de la muestra tuvo un infiltrado linfoplasmocitario y el 11%, fibrosis con patrón no estoriforme. En ningún caso se halló arteritis obliterativa ni ninguna forma de flebitis. Al realizar la comparación con los hallazgos de las biopsias de GSM, no hubo significancia estadística. El 65% de los pacientes manifestó compromiso extraglandular y fueron los sistemas pancreato hepato biliar y las adenopatías los más afectados. Conclusiones: la biopsia incisional de glándula submandibular sería más útil y apropiada que la biopsia de GSL para un diagnóstico definitivo de ER-IgG4.


Introduction: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated condition associated with fibroinflammatory lesions that can occur in almost any anatomical site. Histopathological examination is essential when suspected to diagnose it to exclude malignancy and other diseases. The objective of this study was to describe the histological findings of the minor salivary gland biopsy (GSL) in patients diagnosed with IgG4-RD, and subsequently to correlate these findings with the histology and immunohistochemistry of the major salivary gland (GSM). Materials and methods: retrospective, observational and descriptive study on a cohort of 40 patients diagnosed with RD-IgG4. Twenty-six patients diagnosed with IgG4-RD who presented SLG biopsies were included. Results: the 73% of the samples presented a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and 11% of them fibrosis with a non-storiform pattern. In no case was obliterative arteritis or any form of phlebitis found. When comparing the findings of the GSM biopsies, there was no statistical significance. Sixty-five percent of the patients presented extraglandular involvement; the pancreato-hepato-biliary system and the adenopathies were the most affected. Conclusions: incisional biopsy of the submandibular gland would be more useful and appropriate than LSG for a definitive diagnosis of IgG4-RD.


Subject(s)
Immunoglobulin G , Salivary Glands , Biopsy
4.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35577428

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: There are no previously described training models for learning or teaching how to remove lithiasis from the salivary ducts. Therefore, we present a new simulation model to enable us to faithfully represent the process of endoscopic lithiasis extraction by sialoendoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A simulation model was developed using a pig's head, omeprazole spheres were used to simulate lithiasis in the various ducts of each salivary gland and a Dormia basket was used to train in extraction of the lithiasis model. RESULTS: Twenty-seven residents in training and/or young specialists were successfully trained in this technique using this model. Twenty-six (96.3%) considered the model useful for training in the use of baskets; all of them were able to capture the omeprazole sphere in the salivary duct. A satisfaction rate of 92.25 out of 100 points was obtained through an anonymous survey. CONCLUSION: We describe a novel simulation model using omeprazole spheres, which allows the surgeon to practice how to diagnose and treat obstructive pathology of the salivary glands in a risk-free environment guaranteeing the reproducibility of the technique in conditions similar to those of normal practice.


Subject(s)
Lithiasis , Salivary Gland Calculi , Humans , Lithiasis/surgery , Omeprazole , Reproducibility of Results , Salivary Ducts/surgery , Salivary Gland Calculi/pathology , Salivary Gland Calculi/surgery
5.
Acta otorrinolaringol. esp ; 73(3): 137-140, may. - jun. 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-206036

ABSTRACT

Introducción: No existen modelos de entrenamiento previamente descritos para aprender o enseñar cómo extraer litiasis de los conductos salivales. Es por ello que presentamos un novedoso modelo de simulación que nos permite representar fielmente el proceso de extracción endoscópica de litiasis mediante sialoendoscopia. Materiales y métodos: Se desarrolló un modelo de simulación utilizando la cabeza de un cerdo, se utilizaron esferas de omeprazol para simular la existencia de litiasis en los diversos conductos de cada glándula salival y se utilizó una cesta Dormia para entrenar la extracción del modelo de litiasis. Resultados: Veintisiete residentes en formación y/o jóvenes especialistas han entrenado con éxito esta técnica utilizando este modelo. Veintiséis (96,3%) consideraron útil el modelo para entrenar el uso de cestas, siendo todos ellos capaces de capturar la esfera de omeprazol en el conducto salival. Se obtuvo un porcentaje de satisfacción mediante una encuesta anónima de 92,25 sobre 100 puntos. Conclusión: Describimos un novedoso modelo de simulación mediante esferas de omeprazol, que permite al cirujano practicar cómo realizar el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad obstructiva de glándulas salivales en un entorno libre de riesgos, garantizando la reproducibilidad de la técnica en condiciones similares a las de la práctica habitual.(AU)


Introduction: There are no previously described training models for learning or teaching how to remove lithiasis from the salivary ducts. Therefore, we present a new simulation model to enable us to faithfully represent the process of endoscopic lithiasis extraction by sialoendoscopy. Materials and methods: A simulation model was developed using a pig's head, omeprazole spheres were used to simulate lithiasis in the various ducts of each salivary gland and a Dormia basket was used to train in extraction of the lithiasis model. Results: Twenty-seven residents in training and/or young specialists were successfully trained in this technique using this model. Twenty-six (96.3%) considered the model useful for training in the use of baskets; all of them were able to capture the omeprazole sphere in the salivary duct. A satisfaction rate of 92.25 out of 100 points was obtained through an anonymous survey. Conclusion: We describe a novel simulation model using omeprazole spheres, which allows the surgeon to practice how to diagnose and treat obstructive pathology of the salivary glands in a risk-free environment guaranteeing the reproducibility of the technique in conditions similar to those of normal practice.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Salivary Gland Calculi/complications , Salivary Gland Calculi/pathology , 34600 , Health Human Resource Training , Omeprazole
6.
Int. j interdiscip. dent. (Print) ; 15(1): 39-43, abr. 2022. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385247

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El síndrome de Sjögren (SS) es una enfermedad crónica mediada inmunológicamente. La presencia de macrófagos y el virus Epstein-Barr (VEB) se ha relacionado con su desarrollo y severidad. Los macrófagos contribuyen al proceso autoinmune local y la infección viral promueve el quiebre de la auto-tolerancia. Objetivos. Identificar la presencia de Macrófagos en el infiltrado inflamatorio y VEB en células inflamatorias, correlacionándolos con las características histológicas de glándulas salivales labiales. Metodología. En biopsias de glándulas salivales labiales (8 pacientes y 7 individuos controles) se realizó inmunohistoquímica antiCD-68 para identificar macrófagos. El conteo de macrófagos y células inflamatorias se efectuó en relación a su distribución en las glándulas salivales. La presencia del virus fue evaluada mediante hibridación in situ e inmunohistoquímica para LMP1. Se utilizó el test t no pareado y de Mann-Whitney para comparar los grupos, y coeficiente de correlación de Pearson para correlacionar con parámetros histológicos. Resultados. Se observó un mayor número de macrófagos en el infiltrado inflamatorio de pacientes (p=0,001**). Los macrófagos se distribuyeron difusamente en las glándulas de controles y en los focos inflamatorios de pacientes. En ambos grupos no se detectó la presencia del virus Epstein-Barr. Conclusión. Los pacientes con síndrome de Sjögren presentaron mayor presencia de macrófagos y su incremento es a expensas del foco inflamatorio.


ABSTRACT: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an immunologically mediated chronic disease of complex etiopathogenesis. Macrophages and Epstein-Barr virus are among the factors related to its development and severity. Macrophages contribute to the local autoimmune process and viral infection promotes the breakdown of self-tolerance. Objectives. Identify the presence of macrophages in the inflammatory infiltrate and Epstein-Barr virus in inflammatory cells, correlating them with the histological features of labial salivary glands. Methodology. In labial salivary glands biopsies of 8 patients and 7 control individuals, anti-CD-68 immunohistochemistry was performed to identify macrophages. The macrophages and inflammatory cells were counted in relation to their distribution in the salivary glands. The presence of the virus was evaluated by in situ hybridization for viral RNA and immunohistochemistry for latent membrane protein type 1. The comparison between both groups was made using the unpaired t-test and Mann-Whitney test. The correlations with histological parameters were established with the Pearson´s correlation coefficient. Results. A greater number of macrophages was observed in the inflammatory infiltrate of SS patients (p=0,001**). Macrophages in control individuals were diffusely distributed in the gland, while, SS in patients, they were mainly located in inflammatory foci. In both groups, no inflammatory or epithelial cells infected by the Epstein-Barr virus were identified. Conclusion. Patients with Sjögren's syndrome had a greater presence of macrophages and their increase is at the expense of the inflammatory focus.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Sjogren's Syndrome , Herpesvirus 4, Human , Liquid Biopsy , Macrophages
7.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385748

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: La nueva enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) es la última patología de preocupación internacional. Originada en Wuhan, China, se extendió rápidamente a nivel mundial, razón por la cual fue declarada una emergencia de salud pública. Producida por SARS-CoV-2 pertenece al género de los betacoronavirus junto con SARS-CoV y MERS- CoV. Se ha demostrado que SARS-CoV-2 utiliza la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina 2 (ACE2) como receptor para el ingreso en una célula huésped. Diversos estudios han demostrado la expresión de este receptor en diversos órganos y tejidos, dentro de los cuales se han reportado la cavidad oral y las glándulas salivales, los cuales han recibido vital importancia en el último tiempo dada su importancia como potencial reservorio de este virus. El objetivo de esta revisión es conocer el rol de las glándulas salivales como potencial reservorio de SARS-COV-2 y sus manifestaciones asociadas.


ABSTRACT: The new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the latest pathology of international concern. Originating in Wuhan, China, it spread rapidly globally, which is why it was declared a public health emergency. Produced by SARS-CoV-2 it belongs to the genus of betacoronaviruses together with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to use angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor for entry into a host cell. Various studies have demonstrated the expression of this receptor in various organs and tissues, within which the oral cavity and salivary glands have been reported, which have received vital importance in recent times due to their importance as a potential reservoir for this virus. The objective of this review is to understand the role of the salivary glands as a potential reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 and its associated manifestations.

8.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389760

ABSTRACT

Resumen Las neoplasias en glándulas salivales son infrecuentes, representando menos del 3% de los tumores de cabeza y cuello. El carcinoma mucoepidermoide es el tumor maligno más común en glándulas salivales, siendo su principal ubicación la parótida. Clínicamente se asemeja a otras lesiones de mucosa oral, por lo cual, es importante realizar un correcto diagnóstico diferencial. Su comportamiento biológico se relaciona con el grado histológico tumoral, factor relevante en el pronóstico y tratamiento de esta neoplasia. Presentamos el caso de un paciente hombre de 75 años afectado con un tumor en paladar con diagnóstico de carcinoma mucoepidermoide de bajo grado. Como tratamiento se realizó una maxilectomía parcial y una placa obturadora en base a una prótesis removible y posterior reconstrucción con un colgajo libre microvascularizado. Actualmente el paciente se encuentra en controles periódicos, libre de enfermedad. Los tumores de glándulas salivales son un desafío diagnóstico, requieren de exámenes imagenológicos y del estudio histopatológico. Cuando existen dudas en el diagnóstico, se debe considerar repetir la toma de la muestra o la obtención de biopsias de más de una zona representativa que permita el diagnóstico de la lesión.


Abstract Salivary gland neoplasms are infrequent lesions representing less than 3% of head and neck tumors. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in salivary glands, being the parotid the most usual location. Clinically, it resembles other oral mucosa lesions, therefore, it is important to make a correct differential diagnosis. Its biological behavior is related to the tumor histological grade, a relevant factor in the prognosis and treatment of this neoplasm. We reported a case of a 75-year-old-man, with a tumor in the palate, diagnosed as low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. A partial maxillectomy and an obturator plate were performed based on a removable prosthesis and subsequent reconstruction with a microvascularized free flap. The patient is currently undergoing regular checkups, maintaining disease free. Salivary gland tumors are a diagnostic challenge, requiring imaging tests and histopathological study. In case of doubts with the diagnosis, it should be considered to biopsy more than area or to repeat the biopsy in order to obtain a representative sample that allows the diagnosis of the lesion.

9.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33814119

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: There are no previously described training models for learning or teaching how to remove lithiasis from the salivary ducts. Therefore, we present a new simulation model to enable us to faithfully represent the process of endoscopic lithiasis extraction by sialoendoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A simulation model was developed using a pig's head, omeprazole spheres were used to simulate lithiasis in the various ducts of each salivary gland and a Dormia basket was used to train in extraction of the lithiasis model. RESULTS: Twenty-seven residents in training and/or young specialists were successfully trained in this technique using this model. Twenty-six (96.3%) considered the model useful for training in the use of baskets; all of them were able to capture the omeprazole sphere in the salivary duct. A satisfaction rate of 92.25 out of 100 points was obtained through an anonymous survey. CONCLUSION: We describe a novel simulation model using omeprazole spheres, which allows the surgeon to practice how to diagnose and treat obstructive pathology of the salivary glands in a risk-free environment guaranteeing the reproducibility of the technique in conditions similar to those of normal practice.

10.
Reumatol. clín. (Barc.) ; 17(4): 229-236, Abr. 2021. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-211868

ABSTRACT

La ecografía es una técnica de imagen no invasiva, inocua, reproducible y coste-eficiente, que aporta información inmediata al poder realizarla en nuestras consultas. El buen perfil de la técnica y los avances tecnológicos acontecidos en los últimos años, que han permitido una mejora sustancial en la resolución de la imagen hasta hacerla casi anatómica, han impulsado la investigación sobre su aplicación al estudio integral de las enfermedades inflamatorias sistémicas. En la actualidad, se ha traspasado el umbral de utilizar la ecografía para investigar exclusivamente las manifestaciones músculo-esqueléticas, para aplicarla también al estudio de las manifestaciones extraarticulares y las comorbilidades asociadas a las enfermedades reumáticas. En la presente revisión repasaremos su utilidad para el diagnóstico de la afectación glandular en el síndrome de Sjögren, la enfermedad pulmonar intersticial o la arteritis de células gigantes y para la estratificación del riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas inflamatorias crónicas.(AU)


Ultrasound is a non-invasive, innocuous, reproducible, cost-efficient imaging technique that provides immediate information, as it can be performed in our consultations. The good profile of ultrasound and the technological advances that have taken place in recent years, which have allowed a substantial improvement in the resolution of the image to make it almost anatomical, have promoted research on its application in the comprehensive study of systemic inflammatory diseases. At present, the threshold of using ultrasound to exclusively investigate musculoskeletal manifestations has been crossed, to also apply it to the study of extra-articular manifestations and comorbidities associated with rheumatic diseases. In this review we will revise its usefulness for the diagnosis of glandular involvement in Sjögren's syndrome, interstitial lung disease or giant cell arteritis and for stratification of cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Ultrasonic Therapy , Diagnosis , Parotid Gland , Lung Diseases, Interstitial , Giant Cell Arteritis , Sjogren's Syndrome , Rheumatology , Rheumatic Diseases
11.
Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed) ; 17(4): 229-236, 2021 Apr.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32471711

ABSTRACT

Ultrasound is a non-invasive, innocuous, reproducible, cost-efficient imaging technique that provides immediate information, as it can be performed in our consultations. The good profile of ultrasound and the technological advances that have taken place in recent years, which have allowed a substantial improvement in the resolution of the image to make it almost anatomical, have promoted research on its application in the comprehensive study of systemic inflammatory diseases. At present, the threshold of using ultrasound to exclusively investigate musculoskeletal manifestations has been crossed, to also apply it to the study of extra-articular manifestations and comorbidities associated with rheumatic diseases. In this review we will revise its usefulness for the diagnosis of glandular involvement in Sjögren's syndrome, interstitial lung disease or giant cell arteritis and for stratification of cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

12.
J. Bras. Patol. Med. Lab. (Online) ; 57: e2642021, 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350883

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare and aggressive neoplasm arising from salivary glands. SDC occurs most frequently in major salivary glands, with isolated cases arising from the minor salivary glands. The occurrence of clear cells in salivary gland tumors is uncommon and is rarer in SDC cases. We report the case of a 51-year-old male diagnosed with a clear cell variant of SDC in the minor salivary gland, involving the left hard palate. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positivity for HER2/neu and GATA-3. The patient was submitted to radical surgical excision, neck dissection, and radiotherapy. Unfortunately, he died 14 months after the cancer diagnosis.


RESUMEN El carcinoma ductal de las glándulas salivales (CDS) es un tumor raro y agresivo que surge de las glándulas salivales. El CDS ocurre con mayor frecuencia en las glándulas salivales mayores, sin embargo, existen casos aislados de afectación en las glándulas salivales menores. La aparición de células claras en los tumores de las glándulas salivales es infrecuente y más rara en los casos de CDS. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 51 años al que se le diagnosticó la variante de células claras del CDS en la glándula salival menor, que afecta al paladar duro izquierdo. El análisis inmunohistoquímica reveló positividad para HER2/neu y GATA-3. El paciente fue sometido a escisión local quirúrgica radical, disección del cuello y la radioterapia. Desafortunadamente, murió 14 meses después del diagnóstico de cáncer.


RESUMO O carcinoma do ducto salivar (CDS) é um tumor raro e agressivo que se origina nas glândulas salivares. O CDS ocorre mais frequentemente nas glândulas salivares maiores, porém, há casos isolados de acometimento nas glândulas salivares menores. A ocorrência de células claras em tumores de glândulas salivares é incomum, sendo ainda mais rara nos casos de CDS. Relatamos o caso de um homem de 51 anos de idade que foi diagnosticado com a variante de células claras de CDS em glândula salivar menor, envolvendo o palato duro do lado esquerdo. A análise imuno-histoquímica revelou positividade para HER2/neu, GATA-3. O paciente foi submetido a excisão cirúrgica radical, esvaziamento cervical e radioterapia. Entretanto, ele faleceu 14 meses após o diagnóstico do câncer.

13.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 14(4): 653-657, dic. 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134553

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Pleomorphic adenoma (PA), also called benign mixed tumor, is the most common tumor of the salivary glands. About 70 % of these tumors occur in the parotid gland and an uncommon site are the minor salivary glands. The most common sites of PA of the minor salivary glands are the palate followed by lips and cheek. Other rare reported sites include the fauces, floor of the mouth, tongue, tonsil, pharynx, retromolar area and nasal cavity. Here we report a case of pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary glands of the cheek in a 22-year-old male. The mass was removed by wide local excision with adequate margins, and the patient was followed for 1-year post operatively with no recurrence.


RESUMEN: El adenoma pleomórfico (AP), conocido también como tumor mixto benigno, es el tumor más común de las glándulas salivales. Alrededor del 70 % de estos tumores ocurren en la glándula parótida y con menor frecuencia en las otras glándulas salivales. Los lugares más comunes de AP en las glándulas salivales son el paladar, seguido de labios y mejillas. Otros sitios poco frecuentes reportados, incluyen las fauces, el piso de la boca, la lengua, las tonsilas palatinas, la faringe, el área retromolar y la cavidad nasal. En este estudio se presenta un caso de adenoma pleomórfico de las glándulas salivales menores de la mejilla en un hombre de 22 años. Se extirpó la masa mediante escisión local amplia con márgenes adecuados, con un seguimiento del paciente durante un año después de la operación sin recurrencia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Salivary Gland Neoplasms/surgery , Salivary Gland Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adenoma, Pleomorphic/surgery , Adenoma, Pleomorphic/diagnosis , Salivary Gland Neoplasms/pathology , Cheek , Follow-Up Studies
14.
Rev. colomb. reumatol ; 27(supl.2): 31-42, oct.-dic. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1341337

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: El síndrome de Sjögren (SS) es una enfermedad autoinmune que afecta a las glándulas exocrinas condicionando síndrome seco. Los criterios diagnósticos se basan en pruebas serológicas, oftalmológicas, histopatológicas y flujo salival. Se ha propuesto el uso de la ecografía glandular salival como prueba diagnóstica. Escasos estudios se han realizado en Latinoamérica. Objetivo: Describir las alteraciones ecográficas en las glándulas salivales en una población colombiana que asiste al servicio de reumatología con síntomas secos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal; análisis preliminar de 50 pacientes que asisten por consulta externa (agosto de 2019 a enero de 2020). Evaluación sociodemográfica y clínica a través de cuestionario estructurado, pruebas paraclínicas y oftalmológicas, biopsia de glándula salival menor y valoración ecográfica de las glándulas salivales mayores (puntuación 0-6 basada en De Vita). Análisis univariado y bivariado (Chi-cuadrado y prueba de Fischer). Resultados: El 94% de la población eran mujeres y el 38% tenían SS. El promedio de edad fue de 55,9 ± 9,6 arios. La proporción de pacientes con ecografía positiva para el SS y diagnóstico por criterios del SS es mayor respecto a los pacientes con ecografía negativa (p< 0,0001). Los pacientes con ecografía positiva presentaron mayor proporción de anti-La (p = 0,002), ANA (p = 0,008), anti-Ro (p< 0,0001), linfopenia (p = 0,007), xerostomía objetiva (p = 0,019) y subjetiva (p = 0,041). Conclusiones: La ecografía podría considerarse una herramienta útil en el diagnóstico del SS, dado que los pacientes que presentan alteraciones ecográficas glandulares tienen una mayor proporción de perfil inmunológico positivo (anti-Ro, ANA, anti-La) y su positividad se encuentra asociada al SS por criterios. Se requieren nuevos estudios para evaluar las características operativas de la prueba.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the exocrine glands causing dry syndrome. The diagnostic criteria are based on serological, ophthalmological, histopathological, and salivary flow tests. The use of salivary gland ultrasound has been proposed as a diagnostic test. Few studies have been carried out in Latin America. Objective: To describe the ultrasound patterns in the salivary glands in the Colombian population seen in the Rheumatology Department due to dry symptoms. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study; a preliminary analysis was performed on 50 patients attending the Outpatient Clinic (August-January 2020). A sociodemographic and clinical evaluation was made using a questionnaire. Paraclinical and ophthalmological tests, minor salivary gland biopsy, and ultrasound assessment of the major salivary glands (De Vita score 0-6) were the main items to evaluate. Univariate and bivariate analyses (Chi-squared, Fischer test) were performed. Results: Most (94%) of the population were women, and 38% had SS. The mean age was 55.9±9.6 years old. The proportion of patients with positive ultrasound for SS and a diagnosis using SS criteria was higher compared to patients with negative ultrasound (p<.0001). Patients with positive ultrasound had a higher proportion of anti-La (p=.002), ANAS (p=.008), anti-Ro (p<.0001), lymphopenia (p=.007), and objective and subjective xerostomia (p=.019 and p=.041, respectively). Conclusions: Ultrasound assessment could be considered a useful tool in the diagnosis of SS, since more patients presenting with glandular ultrasound abnormalities have a higher positive immunological profile (anti-Ro, ANAS, anti-La) and their positivity is associated with SS criteria. New studies are required to evaluate the operational characteristics of the test.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Dry Eye Syndromes , Sjogren's Syndrome , Ultrasonography , Patients , Cohort Studies , Colombia
15.
Rev. colomb. reumatol ; 27(supl.2): 82-89, oct.-dic. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1341343

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La biopsia de glándula salival menor (BGSM) es uno de los principales criterios (no el único) para el diagnóstico del síndrome de Sjögren, y esto tiene que ir en conjunto con la clínica y los niveles de anticuerpos. Diferentes clasificaciones se han desarrollado para evaluar la interpretación de los hallazgos observados en la BGSM y poder categorizar / diagnosticar el síndrome de Sjögren. Esto ha causado que los patólogos y los clínicos tengan una inadecuada interpretación de la BGSM debido a que existe confusión por las diferentes escalas de puntuación que se han implementado a lo largo del tiempo. El presente artículo de revisión tiene como objetivo ilustrar a la comunidad científica, especialmente reumatólogos, cirujanos orales, internistas y patólogos, entre otros, sobre los hallazgos a considerar en la BGSM al momento del reporte por parte del patólogo.


ABSTRACT The minor salivary gland biopsy (MSBG) is one of the main criteria (not the only one) for the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome, and has to be taken in conjunction with the clinic parameters and the antibodies levels. Different classifications have been developed to evaluate the interpretation of the findings observed in the MSBG and to be able to categorise / diagnose Sjögren's syndrome. This has meant pathologists and clinicians have had an unsuitable interpretation of the MSBG due to the existence of confusion due to the different scoring scales that have been implemented over time. This review article aims to illustrate to the scientific community, especially rheumatologists, oral surgeons, internists, and pathologists, among others, on the findings to be considered in the MSBG when reported by the pathologist.


Subject(s)
Biopsy , Sjogren's Syndrome , Salivary Glands, Minor , Diagnosis , Correlation of Data
16.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32317098

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an established technique in the management of salivary gland lesions. The Milan System for reporting salivary gland cytopathology (MSRSGC) intents to standardize diagnostic categories. Current studies are trying to evaluate the diagnostic approach of this system. METHODS: FNAC of salivary gland lesions were retrieved over an 11-year period. 185 FNAC specimens from 182 patients were reviewed blindly and classified according to the criteria established by the MSRSGC. 136 (74.7%) patients had follow-up of their processes. RESULTS: The total number of diagnostic categories and risk of malignancy (ROM) in 185 specimens were the following: non-diagnostic 39 (21.1%; ROM 12%), non-neoplastic 35 (18.9%; ROM 0%), atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) 17 (9.2%; ROM 46.1%), benign neoplasm 75 (40.5%; ROM 4.9%), salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential 4 (2.2%; ROM 100%), suspicious for malignancy 7 (3.8%; ROM 100%), malignant 8 (4.3%; ROM 100%). No false positives were observed in groups IVb, V, and VI in this series. The overall sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and diagnostic accuracy were 88%, 91.8%, 96.3%, 76.7%, and 91% respectively. CONCLUSION: The ROM reported in our study was in keeping with ROM published by the MSRSGC. This system provides standardized information for risk stratification. The category AUS encompassed cases causing uncertainty representing a challenge in management. Defining criteria for AUS category need to be refined. The system facilitates communication between pathologists and clinicians favoring improvement in patient care.

17.
Cir Cir ; 88(1): 34-40, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31967612

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor, with an annual incidence of 3-4.5 cases/million. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a descriptive and retrospective study. We included patients diagnosed with ACC of head and neck of a single third-level referral center, from January 2008 to December 2013. RESULTS: A total of 23 patients were included in the study, 10 males (43.5%) and 13 females (56.5%) (F:M ratio 1.3:1). Median age was 52 years. Localization was predominantly observed in the oral cavity (26%) followed by the palate (17.4%). At presentation, 15 patients (65.2%) had clinical Stage II. The most frequent histology was the cribriform type in 10 patients (43.5%). Following resection, positive margins were observed in 15 (65.2%), neural invasion in 8 (34.8%), and lymphovascular invasion in 2 (8.7%) patients. The median time to recurrence in our population was 23 months. Recurrence at 5 years was observed in 15 patients (65%). At 2 years, recurrence was predominantly local in 7 patients (46%); whereas after 2 years, it was predominantly pulmonary 6 patients (40%). Overall, 5 year-survival was 78%. CONCLUSIONS: Cystic adenoid carcinoma is characterized by a high recurrence rate. Nevertheless, it has a high overall 5-year survival, which justifies an aggressive treatment.


ANTECEDENTES: El carcinoma adenoide quístico es un tumor raro, con una incidencia anual de 3-4.5 casos por millón. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, que incluyó pacientes con carcinoma adenoide quístico de cabeza y cuello de un centro de referencia de tercer nivel, desde enero de 2008 hasta diciembre de 2013. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 23 pacientes, 10 hombres (43.5%) y 13 mujeres (56.5%) (relación 1.3:1), con una media de edad de 52 años. Predominó en la cavidad bucal (26%), seguida del paladar (17.4%). Al diagnóstico, 15 pacientes (65.2%) tenían estadio clínico II. La histología cribiforme fue la más frecuente (10 pacientes; 43.5%). Posterior a la cirugía, se observaron márgenes positivos en 15 (65.2%), invasión neural en 8 (34.8%) e invasión linfovascular en 2 (8.7%) pacientes. La media de recurrencia fue de 23 meses. La recurrencia a 5 años se observó en 15 pacientes (65%). A los 2 años predominó la recurrencia local (7 pacientes; 46%); después de los 2 años predominaron las metástasis pulmonares (6 pacientes; 40%). La supervivencia a 5 años fue del 78%. CONCLUSIONES: El carcinoma adenoide quístico se caracteriza por una alta tasa de recurrencia. Sin embargo, tiene una alta supervivencia global a 5 años, lo que justifica un tratamiento agresivo.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/pathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/therapy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Female , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Humans , Male , Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms/pathology , Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms/therapy , Middle Aged , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms/therapy , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Palatal Neoplasms/pathology , Palatal Neoplasms/therapy , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant , Retrospective Studies , Tertiary Care Centers , Time Factors
18.
Rev. argent. reumatolg. (En línea) ; 30(3): 15-18, 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1117701

ABSTRACT

El Síndrome de Sjögren secundario (SSs) es frecuente en pacientes con Artritis Reumatoidea (AR). Objetivos: Determinar si la sialoadenifitis linfocitaria (SLF) está asociado con diferencias clínicas y serológicas en un grupo de pacientes con AR y SSs. Métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de AR y SSs, se evaluó quiénes de ellos presentaban SLF en la biopsia de glándula salival, se compararon características clínicas y serológicas. Resultados: Se incluyeron 88 pacientes, el 92% mujeres, edad media de 53 años (DE ± 11,3) y 12,5 años de evolución de la AR (RIC 6-7). 63,6% tenían SLF versus el 36,4% que no. En el análisis univariado, se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre SLF+ y las variables: parotidomegalia, enfermedad pulmonar intersticial, hipergammaglobulinemia, hipocomplementemia, Factor reumatoideo, FAN positivo, y manifestaciones extraarticulares y/o extraglandulares. En el análisis multivariado, las variables asociadas independientemente con la presencia de SLF fueron: manifestaciones extraarticulares y/o extraglandulares (OR 5,67, IC 95% 1,6-20), FAN positivo (OR 11,7, IC 95% 1,6-83) e hipergammaglobulinemia (OR 21, IC 95% 2,46-179). Conclusión: Los pacientes con AR y SSs con SLF presentan mayor frecuencia de manifestaciones extraarticulares y extraglandulares y diferencias serológicas, lo cual implicaría un seguimiento clínico diferente


Secondary Sjögren's Syndrome (SSs) is common in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Objectives: To determine if lymphocytic sialoadenifitis (FLS) is associated with clinical and serological differences in a group of patients with RA and SSs. Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of RA and SSs were included, which of them presented FLS in the salivary gland biopsy, clinical and serological characteristics were compared. Results: 88 patients were included, 92% women, mean age of 53 years (SD ± 11.3) and 12.5 years of evolution of RA (RIC 6-7). 63.6% had SLF versus 36.4% who did not. In the univariate analysis, a statistically significant association was found between FLS + and the variables: parotidomegaly, interstitial lung disease, hypergammaglobulinemia, hypocomplementemia, rheumatoid factor, positive ANF, and extra-articular and/ or extraglandular manifestations. In the multivariate analysis, the variables independently associated with the presence of FLS were: extra-articular and/or extraglandular manifestations (OR 5.67, 95% CI 1.6-20), positive ANF (OR 11.7, 95% CI 1.6-83) and hypergammaglobulinemia (OR 21, 95% CI 2.46-179). Conclusion: Patients with RA and SSs with FLS have a higher frequency of extraarticular and extraglandular manifestations and serological differences, which would imply a different clinical follow-up


Subject(s)
Arthritis, Rheumatoid , Salivary Glands , Biopsy , Sjogren's Syndrome
19.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) ; 93(7): 360-364, 2018 Jul.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29573836

ABSTRACT

CASE REPORT: A 61-year-old man with a lower lip minor salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma, suffered from a unilateral progressive visual acuity loss due to choroidal metastasis. DISCUSSION: Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare primary tumour with significant metastatic potential. Our patient presented with a unilateral choroidal metastasis. According to the current literature, 8 cases of choroidal metastasis of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma have been reported. This is the second case reported of choroidal metastasis with origin in a minor salivary gland, and the first one with origin in the minor salivary glands of the lower lip.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/secondary , Choroid Neoplasms/secondary , Salivary Gland Neoplasms/pathology , Salivary Glands, Minor , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
20.
Rev. argent. cir ; 110(1): 1-10, mar. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-897357

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: el carcinoma adenoquístico es el tumor maligno más frecuente de las glándulas sub-maxilar y menores. A pesar de su lento crecimiento y diseminación regional, muestra un pronóstico desfavorable debido a su tardía diseminación a distancia. Objetivo: analizar la serie propia a la luz de la bibliografia. Material y métodos: 44 pacientes con una edad media de 52,47 años y predominio del género femenino. De ellos, el 61,3% fueron tumores de glándula salival menor, 20,4% de submaxilar y 18,2% de parótida. En todos se realizó resección completa del tumor, seguida de vaciamiento cervical en el 34%. En el 43,2%, la cirugía fue seguida de Co60 radioterapia. El seguimiento medio de la muestra fue 52,5 (1-120) meses. Resultados: la curva de recurrencia acumulada fue del 36,8% a 5 años. La supervivencia global fue del 60 y 36% a 5 y 10 años, respectivamente, y se vio afectada con significación estadística por los márgenes insuficientes de la resección, el requerimiento de radioterapia adyuvante y el estadio. El análisis multivariado demostró que solo los márgenes insuficientes conservaron su significación estadística para la supervivencia y una tendencia desfavorable para el intervalo libre de enfermedad. Conclusiones: la extensión de la cirugía al cuello y la radioterapia adyuvante dependieron del estadio, los márgenes quirúrgicos, el compromiso nervioso, la presencia de adenopatas positivas y el subtpo histológico.


Background: adenoid cystic carcinoma is the most frequent malignant tumor of submaxillary and mi-nor salivary glands. Despite its slow growth, it shows an unfavorable prognosis because of its distant disseminaton. Objective: to analyse our series of patents in relaton to the literature. Materials and methods: 44 patents with mean age 52.47 years female gender. Of them, 61.3% were of minor salivary glands, 20.4% of submaxillary gland, and 18.2% the parotid gland. All patents underwent complete resecton of the tumor followed by neck dissecton in 34%. Co60 radiotherapy was administered to 43.2%. Mean follow up was 52.5 (range, 1-120) months. Results: 5-year recurrence rate was 36.8%. At 5 and 10 years, overall survival was 60 and 36%,respect-vely. Close surgical margins, requirement of adjuvant radiotherapy and stage significantly afected survival rate. The multivariate analysis showed that close margins was statstically significant for survival and associated with an unfavorable tendency for disease-free interval. Conclusions: extenton of surgery to the neck and adyuvant radiotherapy was dependent of stage, clear surgical margins, neural invasion, positive nodes in the neck and hystological subtype.

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