Study of government responsibility on village clinics construction / 中华医院管理杂志

As the " bottom" of the rural three-level medical and health network, the village clinic is the closest medical and health institution to the villagers. Through field research on H District of Beijing, the author found that the government implemented the management responsibility of village clinics by issuing health policies to carry out the standardization construction, strengthened the practice management of village doctors, and stabilized the income source of rural doctors, so that village doctors could better assume the functions of village level public health and prevention and treatment of common diseases. However, the unclear ownership relationship of village clinics and the labor relationship of village doctors, the differences in hardware configuration and the convergence of post responsibilities under different management systems affected the government′s implementation of the management responsibility of village clinics. Therefore, it could be necessary to pay attention to the change of policy environment, timely reform and mechanism integration of village clinics, and establish a career development mechanism connecting counties and villages. The bottleneck in the construction of village clinics will be broken, and the goal of " quality medical and health services nearby" for rural residents will be realized.

Perceptions of autism spectrum disorder among the Swahili community on the Kenyan coast.

BACKGROUND: In high-income and Western societies there is great understanding and awareness of autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, for many low-middle income countries, research and knowledge is notably lacking. In Africa, there is a growing prevalence of ASD due to increased diagnosis, yet it is still a poorly understood condition. AIMS: Emerging literature has emphasised how cultural and societal beliefs underpin the level of understanding of ASD, and which typically results in lack of awareness and acceptance. As such it is important to investigate the cultural perceptions towards ASD within low-middle income communities of African culture, to further understand the challenges and barriers individuals with ASD face. The aim of the current study was to probe participants from the Swahili community, on the coast of Kenya, of their cultural views towards ASD. METHOD: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven participants, and the data analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Three key themes developed from the data; stigma, lack of awareness, and Government responsibility. CONCLUSION: Cultural perceptions negatively impacted awareness and are exacerbated by lack of directive from the Government in providing appropriate diagnostic and educational support.

Factors affecting youth empowerment and entrepreneurial initiatives: Social implications and way forward.

This study aims to identify the factors that impact the empowerment of Pakistani youth and their entrepreneurial initiatives in Pakistan. A sample of 350 youngsters from renowned Pakistani universities across the country was selected for this purpose. The questionnaire was administered in person and electronically. Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for analyzing the data. The findings indicated that all the hypothesized factors (government policies, lack of political participation, employment opportunities, and social engagement) had an impact on youth empowerment and their ability to initiate entrepreneurial activities. This study identified the set of factors that impact empowerment in youngsters, and this model can be extended to other contexts and additional factors can be included. The analytical findings from this study serve to help the government formulate appropriate policies for underserved youth and include them in the policy-making process so that the factors that hinder their empowerment and entrepreneurial initiatives could be addressed.

Consumer Cognition and Management Perspective on Express Packaging Pollution.

Consumer awareness of environmental protection is getting stronger. However, with the development of the logistics industry, the environmental pollution caused by express packaging has become increasingly severe. Therefore, it is of great importance to know consumer cognition and willingness about how to reduce the express packaging pollution. In this study, through the analysis of 561 questionnaires, we analyze the impact of consumer evaluation of recyclable express packaging and green express packaging on responsibility awareness of government, logistics enterprises, and e-commerce corporates, and analyze whether there is a positive correlation between consumer evaluation and reducing environmental pressure. We find that consumers are willing to use recyclable express packaging and green express packaging, especially the latter. Moreover, the government is supposed to play a central role in solving environmental pollution problems caused by express packaging. It is recommended that the government proposes some corresponding solutions, such as introducing a packaging tax policy, setting up an environmental fund, and developing environment-friendly packaging materials. Meanwhile, consumers expect logistics enterprises and e-commerce companies to cooperate with the government actively and switch to using environment-friendly express packaging in a timely manner.

Study on Government Responsibility in the Construction of General Practitioner System / 中国卫生经济

The aim of the general practitioner system is to ensure that residents access to basic medical and health services,improve the equity and accessibility of primary health services.The optimization of government behavior is the important prerequisite and guarantee for the improvement of system.At present,the China government has taken on all aspects of responsibility in the implementation process of the general practitioner system.Based on the main problems in the government's responsibility,it put forward some strategic suggestions for the successful implementation of the general practitioner system.

On Health Responsibility / 中国医学伦理学

To differentiate health responsibilities in different circumstances should judge correctly the principle and conditions of responsibility division .It is deemed that the controllability view of responsibility provides the mor-al basis for health responsibility , which claims that the controllable causality is necessary condition for the judgment of responsibility .The construction of health responsibility is a multi -party participation .In face of the current re-ality of China , must build a diversified responsibility principle system: the responsibility of the government as the leading factor , the family and social responsibility as the backbone , and individual responsibility as base .