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1.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) ; 100(4): 223-228, 2022 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35431159

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: To assess the impact of fatigue due to incorrect night rest in the performance of a laparoscopic manual anastomosis. METHODS: A prospective study evaluating the results from the realization of a manual endotrainer entero-enteral anastomosis performed by residents in terms of fatigue caused by inadequate nightly rest. Two groups were established; the FATIGUE group (F): anastomosis performed by residents coming off shift who slept less than seven hours and the REST group(R), being those who slept at home for more than 7 h. The time taken, length of the anastomosis and quality of such were compared based on 4 parameters: Air leak test, correct tension on the suture line, accurate opposition of the edges and optimal distance between stitches. RESULTS: 402 anastomoses were studied (211 rest group, 191 fatigue group). In the fatigue group leaks were detected in 33.5% anastomoses, as opposed to 19.4% in the rest group (P < .01). El rest group performed the anastomosis in 56.75 min and the fatigue group in 61,49 min (P = .006). There were no significant differences in the others parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Fatigue increases the risk of leakage and the time to do the exercise.


Subject(s)
Internship and Residency , Laparoscopy , Anastomosis, Surgical , Fatigue/etiology , Humans , Laparoscopy/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Sleep Deprivation
2.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 100(4): 223-229, abril 2022.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-203245

ABSTRACT

IntroducciónEvaluar el impacto de la fatiga por incorrecto descanso nocturno en la realización de una anastomosis manual laparoscópica.MétodosSe lleva a cabo un estudio prospectivo observacional evaluando la realización de una anastomosis manual enteroenteral en endotrainer por residentes. Se dividen en dos grupos; el grupo descanso incluye a residentes que han dormido en casa siete o más horas vs. al grupo fatiga formado por residentes de guardia o que han dormido menos de siete horas. Se evalúa el tiempo empleado, la longitud de la anastomosis, la correcta tensión de la línea de sutura, la correcta aposición de los bordes, la distancia entre puntos y la fuga de aire, en prueba neumática de estanqueidad.ResultadosSe evalúan 402 anastomosis, siendo 211 pertenecientes al grupo descanso y 191 al grupo fatiga. Se detecta fuga en el 33,5% de las anastomosis del grupo fatiga frente al 19,4% en el grupo descanso (p < 0,01). El tiempo empleado en el grupo descanso es de 56,75 vs. 61,49 min en el grupo fatiga (p = 0,006). No hay diferencias en el resto de los parámetros.DiscusiónLa fatiga aumenta el riesgo de fuga y el tiempo que se tarda en completar el ejercicio (AU)


IntroductionTo assess the impact of fatigue due to incorrect night rest in the performance of a laparoscopic manual anastomosis.MethodsA prospective study evaluating the results from the realization of a manual endotrainer entero-enteral anastomosis performed by residents in terms of fatigue caused by inadequate nightly rest. Two groups were established; the fatigue group (F): anastomosis performed by residents coming off shift who slept less than seven hours and the rest group (R), being those who slept at home for more than 7 hours. The time taken, length of the anastomosis and quality of such were compared based on 4 parameters: Air leak test, correct tension on the suture line, accurate opposition of the edges and optimal distance between stitches.Results402 anastomoses were studied (211 rest group, 191 fatigue group). In the fatigue group leaks were detected in 33,5% anastomoses, as opposed to 19,4% in the rest group (p < 0.01). El rest group performed the anastomosis in 56,75 min and the fatigue group in 61,49 min (p = 0.006). There were no significant differences in the others parameters (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Sleep Deprivation/complications , Fatigue/etiology , Internship and Residency , Laparoscopy , Anastomosis, Surgical , Prospective Studies , Clinical Competence
3.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) ; 2021 Jan 16.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33468360

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: To assess the impact of fatigue due to incorrect night rest in the performance of a laparoscopic manual anastomosis. METHODS: A prospective study evaluating the results from the realization of a manual endotrainer entero-enteral anastomosis performed by residents in terms of fatigue caused by inadequate nightly rest. Two groups were established; the fatigue group (F): anastomosis performed by residents coming off shift who slept less than seven hours and the rest group (R), being those who slept at home for more than 7 hours. The time taken, length of the anastomosis and quality of such were compared based on 4 parameters: Air leak test, correct tension on the suture line, accurate opposition of the edges and optimal distance between stitches. RESULTS: 402 anastomoses were studied (211 rest group, 191 fatigue group). In the fatigue group leaks were detected in 33,5% anastomoses, as opposed to 19,4% in the rest group (p < 0.01). El rest group performed the anastomosis in 56,75 min and the fatigue group in 61,49 min (p = 0.006). There were no significant differences in the others parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Fatigue increases the risk of leakage and the time to do the exercise.

4.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 34(1): 45-54, mar. 2020. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1151250

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir un programa de entrenamiento básico para implementar en la residencia de Neurocirugía con una metodología estructurada, diferentes niveles de complejidad y elementos de fácil adquisición. Introducción: La simulación se define como el uso de modelos para imitar experiencias de la vida real. Debido a la complejidad del aprendizaje en Neurocirugía, el programa de la Residencia debería incluir entrenamiento básico mediante simulación que permita al residente entrenarse en habilidades básicas fuera del quirófano, o bien, desarrollar y complejizar las ya aprendidas. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un programa de entrenamiento básico a desarrollar en el Centro de Simulación Quirúrgica del Hospital italiano, dividido en tres niveles de complejidad quirúrgica. Se idearon distintos ejercicios con materiales accesibles, de bajo costo y replicables. El programa se diseñó para ser llevarse a cabo con una frecuencia de una vez por semana durante cinco horas. Discusión: Los modelos propuestos presentan fácil acceso y alta disponibilidad; y permitieron el desarrollo de habilidades microquirúrgicas desde etapas muy tempranas de la residencia, abarcando la utilización del instrumental microquirúrgico y la magnificación microscópica, y simulando distintas técnicas quirúrgicas en materiales biológicos y sintéticos realistas; enmarcado por un programa basado en objetivos sin límites de repeticiones. La evaluación con un neurocirujano Senior permitió brindar un espacio relajado de enseñanza y debate, sin ser influenciado por las presiones propias de la cirugía. El aprendizaje de técnicas quirúrgicas se basa en la repetición de maniobras específicas, por lo que el desarrollo de habilidades quirúrgicas en ámbitos académicos no asistenciales es fundamental en cualquier aprendizaje quirúrgico. Conclusión: La simulación en el entrenamiento neuroquirúrgico sigue siendo un campo de estudio que requiere mayor investigación y validación en su implementación. En nuestra experiencia resulta una herramienta sumamente favorable para su posterior aplicación en procedimientos quirúrgicos reales, que podría mejorar y homogeneizar la enseñanza en programas de formación quirúrgica


Objective: To describe a basic training program to implement at neurosurgery residency with a structured methodology, different complexity levels, and easily acquired elements. Introduction: Simulation is defined as use of models to imitate real life experiences. Due to complexity of neurosurgery learning, residency program should include simulation training that allows the resident learning basic skills outside the operating room and develop practices learned. Materials and methods: A training program was developed at Centro de Simulación Quirúrgica del Hospital Italiano, divided into three surgical complexity levels. Different exercises were designed with accessible, low cost and replicable materials. This program is carried out with a frequency of once a week, five hours each. Discussion: The proposed models have easy acquisition and high availability, allowing the development of microsurgical skills since early stages in residency, including the use of microsurgical instruments and microscopic magnification, surgical techniques in realistic biological and synthetic materials, based on a program with objectives without repetition limits. The evaluation with a senior neurosurgeon allowed providing a relaxed teaching space, without pressures of surgery. Learning of surgical techniques is based on repetition, so the development of surgical skills in non-assistance academic fields is fundamental in any surgical learning. Conclusion: Simulation in neurosurgical training remains a field that requires further investigation and validation in its implementation. In our experience, it is an extremely favorable tool because its subsequent application in real life procedures, which could improve and standardize surgical programs teaching


Subject(s)
Animals , Operating Rooms , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Teaching , Simulation Training , Learning , Neurosurgery
5.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 33(2): 82-90, jun. 2019. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1177680

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Desarrollar y potenciar las habilidades neuroquirúrgicas que se requieren en la disección del hueso temporal aplicado a la realización de abordajes quirúrgicos transtemporales, a través de modelos de bajo costo y aplicación sencilla. Materiales y métodos: Trabajamos sobre huesos temporales secos, con insumos hospitalarios descartables y con materiales básicos obtenidos en ferreterías. Se identificaron con silicona y teflón coloreados con acrílico, estructuras vasculares y nerviosas que forman los principales reparos anatómicos y se utiliza material sintético de látex adherido a la superficie endocraneal para recrear duramadre. Realizamos un estudio exhaustivo del hueso temporal con las diferentes estructuras anatómicas íntimamente relacionadas con él, abordándolo desde diferentes vistas. Una vez familiarizados con la anatomía, se ensayan abordajes neuroquirúrgicos y disecciones anatómicas profundizando el conocimiento sobre las estructuras relevantes no visibles previa a la disección. Discusión: En la formación neuroquirúrgica no solo importa el conocimiento teórico, sino que se requiere praxis eficaz aplicada al mismo y se logra sólo a través de auténticas experiencias, la cual da al practicante, la oportunidad de ensayar aspectos de un abordaje para lograr competencia previa a su aplicación en el paciente. Conclusión: El residente puede utilizar esta técnica de fácil acceso y bajo costo para realzar su experiencia de aprendizaje anatómico y fresado de huesos temporales y así poder discutir aspectos y ensayar un abordaje previo a una cirugía.


Introduction: Develop and enhance the neurosurgical skills required for temporal bone drilling applied to transtemporal surgical approaches through low cost and simple application models. Materials and methods: We worked on dry temporal bones with disposable hospital supplies and basic materials obtained in hardware stores. Vascular and nervous structures that form the main anatomical structures are identified with silicone and Teflon colored with acrylic and synthetic latex material is attached to the endocranial surface to recreate the dura mater. We carried out an exhaustive study of the temporal bone with the different anatomical structures intimately related to it, approaching it from different views. Once familiarized with the anatomy, neurosurgical approaches and anatomical dissections are practiced, increasing the understanding of the relevant structures not visible prior to dissection. Discussion: During neurosurgical training theoretical knowledge is not the only domain that matters, rather effective praxis applied to i t is needed and achieved only through authentic experiences, which gives the practitioner the opportunity to examine aspects of an approach in order to achieve expertise prior to its application to the patient. Conclusion: The resident can use this accessible and low cost technique to enhance their experience in anatomical learning and temporal b ones drilling and therefore, be able to discuss certain aspects and practice an approach prior to surgery.


Subject(s)
Temporal Bone , General Surgery , Low Cost Technology , Dissection
6.
Rev. colomb. ortop. traumatol ; 33(S2): 18-33, 2019. ilus.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1378987

ABSTRACT

La evolución de las técnicas quirúrgicas tradicionales y los modelos de formación de los cirujanos exigen cambios, por esta razón el centro de investigación y entrenamiento en cirugía de mínima invasión (CLEMI) ha desarrollado y aplicado modelos de enseñanza que permiten aprender técnicas quirúrgicas mínimamente invasivas como la microcirugía. CLEMI propone un modelo de entrenamiento basado en el uso de un modelo experimental, impartido en un ambiente controlado, estructurado y progresivo que vaya al ritmo individual de cada uno de los estudiantes. Inicialmente el estudiante encontrará conceptos teóricos de instrumental, equipos y ergonomía, posteriormente en la fase práctica usando un modelos sintéticos y finalmente usando un modelo de biológico con los que se desarrollan de una serie de ejercicios para desarrollar destrezas técnicas que permiten alcanzar el nivel necesario para el manejo de las técnicas básicas de microcirugía. El entrenamiento en modelos bajo ambiente controlado disminuye el período de aprendizaje y eleva la competencia del participante. El objetivo principal del entrenamiento es alcanzar las habilidades mínimas necesarias para realizar con éxito una técnica de microcirugía.


The evolution of the traditional surgical techniques and the training models of the surgeons demand changes. For this reason the minimally invasive surgery research and training centre (CLEMI) has developed and applied teaching models as an aid to learn minimally invasive surgical techniques like microsurgery. CLEMI proposes a training model based on the use of an experimental model, presented in a controlled, structured, and progressive environment that is adjusted to the rhythm of the individual student. Initially, the student will encounter theoretical concepts of instrumental, equipment, and ergonomics. Later, in the practical phase, they will use synthetic models and then a biological model with which they perform a series of exercises in order to perfect the technical skills in order to reach the level necessary for the management of basic techniques of microsurgery. Training in controlled environment models reduces the learning period and increases the skills of the participant. The main objective of the training is to achieve the minimum skills necessary to successfully perform a microsurgery technique.


Subject(s)
Humans , Microsurgery , Mentoring
7.
Rev. colomb. ortop. traumatol ; 33(S2): 63-80, 2019. ilus.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1381492

ABSTRACT

La evolución de las técnicas quirúrgicas tradicionales y los modelos de formación de los cirujanos exigen cambios, por esta razón el centro de investigación y entrenamiento en cirugía de mínima invasión (CLEMI) ha desarrollado y aplicado modelos de enseñanza que permiten entrenar técnicas quirúrgicas mínimamente invasivas como la artroscopia de rodilla. CLEMI propone un modelo basado en simulación impartido en un ambiente controlado, estructurado y progresivo que vaya al ritmo individual de cada uno de los estudiantes. Inicialmente el estudiante encontrará conceptos teóricos de instrumental, equipos y ergonomía, posteriormente en la fase práctica usando un modelo sintético anatómico de la rodilla y finalmente usando un modelo biológico con el que se realizan ejercicios para desarrollar destrezas exigidas por las técnicas quirúrgicas. El entrenamiento en modelos bajo ambiente controlado disminuye el período de aprendizaje y eleva la competencia del estudiante.


Changes are needed due to the evolution of traditional surgical techniques and surgeon training models. For this reason the minimally invasive surgery research and training centre (CLEMI) has developed and applied teaching models to help in the training of minimally invasive surgical techniques, such as knee arthroscopy. CLEMI proposes a model based on simulation taught in a controlled, structured, and progressive environment that is tailored to the individual rhythm of each of the students. Initially, the student will encounter theoretical concepts of instruments, equipment and, ergonomics. Later, in the practical phase, an anatomical synthetic model of the knee will be used in the practical phase, followed by a biological model in order to perform exercises to develop the skills required for the surgical techniques. Training in models under a controlled environment decreases the learning period and increases student skills.


Subject(s)
Humans , Arthroscopy , Built Environment
8.
Cir Cir ; 86(6): 485-490, 2018.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30361721

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar el desarrollo de habilidades, los conocimientos y los niveles de confianza en el campo de la cirugía abierta en un grupo de estudiantes de pregrado de medicina que pretendan realizar una especialidad quirúrgica. MÉTODO: Se llevó a cabo un estudio en un grupo de estudiantes de sexto año de medicina con el enfoque de realizar una especialidad quirúrgica. Todos los participantes recibieron un entrenamiento teórico-práctico de habilidades en cirugía abierta. Se emplearon métodos de evaluación previamente validados. Se utilizó la prueba estadística t de Student para muestras pareadas. RESULTADOS: La media en la evaluación previa al entrenamiento fue del 28%, mientras que la media en la evaluación final del entrenamiento fue del 63%. Durante el procedimiento quirúrgico se empleó el método de evaluación OSATS (Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills), del cual se obtuvo un promedio del 70 ± 14%. De acuerdo con el nivel de confianza de los participantes, antes de haber recibido el entrenamiento el 60% se autopercibió como ligeramente confiado, y al finalizarlo, el 80% se autopercibió como muy confiado. CONCLUSIONES: La implementación de este tipo de entrenamientos en estudiantes de pregrado podría ser costo-efectiva y permitiría que los cirujanos en formación alcanzarán en menor tiempo las competencias necesarias. OBJECTIVE: To determine the development of skills, knowledge, and trust levels in the field of open surgery among a group of undergraduate students enrolled in the medicine curricula who intend to undergo further training in a surgical specialty. METHOD: A quasi-experimental study with a pre-post test design was performed upon a group of sixth-year medical students who intend to undergo surgical specialty training. All participants had previously received a 2-week theoretical and practical open-surgery skills training; previously validated evaluation methods were enforced. A paired sample T-test was used for this analysis. RESULTS: Median pre-training score for the 13 basic skills was 28%, whereas post-training median score was 63%. During the surgical procedure, OSATS (Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills) method was applied, with average results of 70 ± 14%. Regarding self-confidence levels among participants, 60% of the participants referred as being slightly confident before undergoing training, as opposed to an 80% of students perceiving themselves as highly confident after completing training. CONCLUSION: The implementation of skill training for undergraduate students could prove cost-effective in the medical environment, allowing surgeons-to-be to reach the necessary competences in less time in accordance to current study plans.


Subject(s)
Clinical Competence , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , General Surgery/education , Career Choice
9.
Rev. cuba. inform. méd ; 9(2)July.-Dec. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1042895

ABSTRACT

Constituye un reto sincronizar el proceso docente educativo con el trabajo asistencial en la educación médica superior.La creación de materiales didácticos en formato electrónico permite el desarrollo de proyectos y experiencias innovadoras, que facilita el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje, sin violar los principios bioéticos. El trabajo consiste en un proyecto de Multimedia como medio de enseñanza que facilite al estudiante de Estomatología la información necesaria para el aprendizaje de la Cirugía Bucal. La confección de esta multimedia tuvo como finalidad proporcionar un material educativo didáctico de consulta y de apoyo a la docencia con una metodología de enseñanza más flexible, que le permita al estudiante optimizar el tiempo de que dispone para la formación de las habilidades quirúrgicas, imprescindibles, antes de ejercer las complejas técnicas en el paciente. Se revisaron los programas de esta asignatura y de acuerdo a los objetivos se seleccionaron los temas necesarios, incluyendo algunos que ya el estudiante debe tener vencidos y que no se dispone del tiempo para reafirmarlos, pero son imprescindibles para la base teórico-práctica de la asignatura. Se diseñó una estructura bien organizada metodológicamente escogiendo las formas de enseñanzas y las imágenes adecuadas. Esta estructura se insertó en una plataforma apropiada para su mejor realización y comprensión. La digitalización se hizo mediante escáner o por descarga desde los sitios Web; en otros casos, como sucedió con la mayoría de las imágenes, se fotografiaron imágenes de radiografías u otros gráficos y/o se diseñaron, editaron u optimizaron con herramientas profesionales. Los medios se organizaron y compilaron con la aplicación Crheasoft, para obtener una obra Multimedia auto ejecutable soportada(AU)


It constitutes a challenge to synchronize the teaching educational process with the clinic work in the superior medical education. The creation of didactic materials in electronic format allows the development of projects and innovative experiences that facilitates the teaching-learning process, without violating bioethical principles. The work consists on a Multimedia project as a teaching medium that facilitates the necessary information for the learning of the Buccal Surgery to the Stomatology student. The making of this multimedia had as purpose to provide an educational didactic material of consultation and of support to the teaching with a methodology of a more flexible teaching that allows the student to optimize the time that they dispose for the formation of the surgical indispensable abilities, before exercising the complex technics in a patient. The programs of this subject were revised and according to the objectives the necessary topics were selected, including some that the student should already have conquered and that doesn't have the time to reaffirm them, but are indispensable for the theoretical-practical base of the subject. A very methodologically organized structure was designed choosing the forms of teachings and the appropriate images. This structure was inserted in an appropriate platform for its best realization and understanding. The digitization was done by means of scanner or by downloading from the internet; in other cases, like it happened to most of the images, images of x-rays or other graphics were photographed and/or they were designed, edited or optimized with professional tools. The medium were organized and compiled with the application Crheasoft, to obtain a supported Multimedia autoexecutable(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Surgery, Oral/methods , Multimedia , Dentistry , Education, Dental/methods
10.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol ; 92(6): 251-256, 2017 Jun.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27601080

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe intra- and post-operative complications, as well as the evolution of the surgical technique in first 4years of work of a novice retina surgeon, and evaluate minimal learning time required to reduce its complications, deciding which pathologies should still be referred to higher level hospitals, until further experience may be achieved. METHODS: A study was conducted on patients that had undergone vitreoretinal surgery by a novice surgeon in Tarragona between 23rd October 2007 and 31st December 2011. The primary diagnosis, surgeon learning time, surgical technique, intra-operative and post-operative complications were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 247 surgeries were studied. The percentage of use of 20G and 23G calibres during the time, marks a change towards trans-conjunctival surgery from the ninth trimester (98 surgeries). Surgical complications decreased towards twelfth trimester (130 surgeries) with an increase in the previous months. CONCLUSIONS: The shift towards 23G technique around 100 surgeries is interpreted as greater comfort and safety by the surgeon. Increased surgical complications during the following months until its decline around 130 surgeries can be interpreted as an 'overconfidence'. It is arguable that the learning curve is slower than what the surgeon believes. An individual analysis of the complications and surgical outcomes is recommended to ascertain the status of the learning curve.


Subject(s)
Learning Curve , Vitreoretinal Surgery , Attitude of Health Personnel , Fellowships and Scholarships , Humans , Intraoperative Complications/epidemiology , Intraoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Retinal Detachment/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Spain , Surgeons/psychology , Sutures , Vitrectomy/methods , Vitrectomy/statistics & numerical data , Vitreoretinal Surgery/methods , Vitreoretinal Surgery/statistics & numerical data , Vitreous Hemorrhage/surgery
11.
Cir. gen ; 34(4): 271-275, oct.-dic. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-706904

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Proporcionar material didáctico útil al estudiante y al médico general para conocer la técnica de venodisección en un modelo biológico no vivo. Sede: Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM. Diseño: Modelo de enseñanza. Material y método: Se proporcionan indicaciones, contraindicaciones, características anatómicas y técnica a considerar. Empleamos pata de cerdo como modelo didáctico por ser accesible en costos, disponibilidad y un modelo fácilmente reproducible por los alumnos. Por su semejanza con los eventos clínicos que suceden en los pacientes a nivel hospitalario, consideramos que representa un buen método de enseñanza de habilidades quirúrgicas en el pregrado. Conclusión: El actual modelo biológico es una opción viable y representativa de la venodisección; el alumno aprende a identificar al paciente que requiere de este procedimiento; una vez identificado, podrá realizar el procedimiento de manera adecuada evitando, en la medida de lo posible, cualquier tipo de complicación.


Objective: To provide teaching material useful for the medical student and the general physician to learn the venous cutdown technique in a non-live biological model. Setting: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, UNAM. Design: Teaching model. Material and method: Indications, contraindication, anatomical characteristics and technique to be considered will be provided. We use a pig foot as didactic model because it is accessible in terms of costs, availability, and can be reproduced easily by students. Due to its similarity with clinical events occurring in patients at the hospital level, we consider that it represents a good teaching method of surgical skills at the undergraduate level. Conclusion: The current biological model is a viable option and representative of venous cutdown. The student learns to identify the patient that requires this procedure, once identified he will be able to perform the procedure adequately avoiding, as much as possible, any type of complication.

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