ABSTRACT
A violência e o assédio no trabalho apresentam elevada prevalência e têm efeitos profundos e custosos, que envolvem desde danos à saúde física e mental até desligamento do trabalho e perdas econômicas para trabalhadores, empregadores e sociedades1,2. A Convenção 190 da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) é o primeiro tratado internacional a reconhecer o direito a um mundo do trabalho livre de violência e assédio e foi adotada, em junho de 2019, pela Conferência Geral da OIT, juntamente à Recomendação nº 206. Em seu primeiro artigo, a expressão "violência e assédio" no mundo do trabalho é definida como "uma série de comportamentos e práticas inaceitáveis, ou ameaças desses, seja uma única ocorrência ou repetida, que visam, resultam ou podem resultar em danos físicos, psicológicos, sexuais ou econômicos, e inclui violência e assédio de gênero".
Workplace violence and harassment are highly prevalent and have profound and costly effects, ranging from physical and mental health damages to job disengagement and economic losses for workers, employers, and societies1,2. The International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 190 is the first international treaty to recognize the right to a world of work free from violence and harassment. It was adopted in June 2019 by the ILO General Conference, alongside Recommendation No. 206. In its first article, "violence and harassment" in the world of work is defined as "a range of unacceptable behaviours and practices, or threats thereof, whether a single occurrence or repeated, that aim at, result in, or are likely to result in physical, psychological, sexual or economic harm, and includes gender-based violence and harassment." Furthermore, "gender-based violence and harassment" refers to "violence and harassment directed at persons because of their sex or gender, or affecting persons of a particular sex or gender disproportionately, and includes sexual harassment".
Subject(s)
Sexual Harassment , Workplace Violence , WorkplaceABSTRACT
Introduction: Hotel housekeepers are close to being a 100% feminized occupational group in Spain. This fact, coupled with some features of the job, places them at high risk of sexual harassment at work and bullying in the workplace. This study aims to explore experiences of sexual harassment at work and workplace bullying among hotel housekeepers in the Balearic Islands. Second, it aims to describe and estimate the prevalence of both phenomena. Methods: This is a mixed-methods study. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants, and six focus groups were held with hotel housekeepers. Additionally, a quantitative cross-sectional study (n = 1,043) was undertaken. Results: Most participants in focus groups had been sexually harassed at work. However, they had normalized this kind of situations, not labeling themselves as victims of sexual harassment; and harassment events were seen as unimportant, normal, and unquestioned, as well as being part of their daily work. Hotel housekeepers who were sexually harassed indicated high levels of stress at work and low social support. The prevalence of different workplace bullying behaviors was quite high among hotel housekeepers working in the Balearic Islands. Some were associated with poorer self-rated health, less satisfaction with the job and the salary, lower social support, and higher levels of stress. Despite this, qualitative methods informed us that less severe behaviors were normalized and perceived by hotel housekeepers as intrinsic to their job. Discussion: The results show the high tolerance to less severe expressions of sexual harassment at work and workplace bullying, as well as difficulties in or reluctance to labeling this kind of experiences as such.
ABSTRACT
O assédio moral e o sofrimento psíquico estão presentes na profissão do motorista pela tipicidade da atividade: exigências e cobranças de seus superiores, violência urbana, relação com os passageiros, o trânsito e a organização urbana de um modo geral. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar qual é o efeito do assédio moral sobre os sofrimentos psíquicos adquiridos pelos motoristas de transportes urbanos na cidade de Natal/Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e exploratório, tendo como público alvo os motoristas vinculados ao Sindicato dos Transportes Rodoviários do RN (SINTRO/RN). Foram entrevistados 161 motoristas, utilizando o Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) e o Negative Acts Questionnaire, versão revisada (NAQ-R), além de questionário socioprofissional. Os resultados apontam que o assédio moral no trabalho causa o sofrimento psíquico e é causa direta dos transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) nos motoristas. Deste modo, este levantamento realizado permitiu conclusões estatísticas sobre o cotidiano dos motoristas de ônibus do Natal-RN, servindo como direcionamento de ações no âmbito das políticas públicas a fim de fomentar intervenções de promoção e prevenção à saúde, adjacentes aos atores do campo da saúde do trabalhador, bem como, sindicatos, serviços de saúde especializados (CEREST) e Ministério Público.
Psychological harassment and psychological suffering are present in the driver's profession due to the typical activity: demands and charges from his superiors, urban violence, relation with passengers, traffic and urban organization in general. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of bullying on psychic suffering acquired by urban transport drivers in the city of Natal/Rio Grande do Norte (RN). For that, a quantitative, descriptive and exploratory study was carried out, with the target audience being the drivers linked to the Road Transport Union of the RN (SINTRO/RN). A total of 161 drivers were interviewed, using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and the Negative Acts Questionnaire, revised version (NAQ-R), as well as a socio-professional questionnaire. The results point out that work place bullying causes psychic suffering and is a direct cause of common mental disorders (CMD) in motorists. Thus, this survey allowed statistical conclusions about the daily routine of the bus drivers of Natal, serving as a guide for actions in the scope of public policies in order to promote heal the promotion and prevention interventions adjacent to the actor in the field of worker health, as well as trade unions, specialized health services and public prosecutors
Subject(s)
Transportation , Mental Disorders , Stress, Psychological , BullyingABSTRACT
O presente artigo apresenta uma análise da literatura a respeito do bullying e do assédio moral no trabalho, a qual fornece dados para um exercício de reflexão e compreensão de ambos os fenômenos por meio de postulações provenientes da psicanálise e da psicossociologia, com ênfase à noção de narcisismo. O viés metodológico adotado refere o estabelecimento de um paralelo entre as ações que caracterizam o bullying e o assédio moral no trabalho com as particularidades da constituição narcísica e seus desdobramentos manifestos. Também é realizada uma articulação entre o narcisismo e o modelo de vida e trabalho dominante nas sociedades capitalistas globalizadas, a princípio mediante uma contraposição entre a modernidade e a contemporaneidade, em que se pretende demonstrar a influência indireta que o modelo econômico-produtivo dominante exerce nos processos de constituição psíquica e, posteriormente, mediante uma articulação entre o narcisismo e as sociedades de consumo
The present work provide data, through a bibliography revision of school bullying and harassment at work, to a reflection and analysis of about of them by postulations derived from psychanalysis and Psycho-sociology with emphasis on the of narcissism. The methodologic way adopted refers to the establishment of a parallel between actions that characterize bullying and the harassment at work with the particularities of narcissism constitution and their exposed developments. Furthermore, we will realize an articulation between the narcissism and the lifestyle and prevailing work in globalized capitalist societies. At the beginning, through a contraposition between modernity and contemporaneity in the intent of demonstrating the indirect influence that the prevailing economic-productive model exercise in the psychic constitution of process and, posteriorly through an articulation between the narcissism and the societies of consumption
Subject(s)
Humans , Bullying , Narcissism , PsychoanalysisABSTRACT
Objetivo: Efectuar la validación colombiana de la versión del Inventario de Violencia y Acoso Psicológico en el Trabajo (IVAPT) y determinar la violencia psicológica y el mobbing en población formal económicamente activa en Colombia. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, descriptivo, con una muestra aleatoria no representativa de la Población Económicamente Activa en Colombia. Participaron 359 sujetos, pertenecientes al sector de la economía formal, con al menos un año de antigüedad laboral y que estaban empleados en cualquier puesto de trabajo en el que contaran con un superior jerárquico. Resultados: El análisis factorial exploratorio mostró una solución de dos factores, que explica el 50.3 % de la varianza total con un alpha de Cronbach de 0.89; datos similares a los presentados en otros países latinoamericanos. Conclusiones: El Inventario de Violencia y Acoso Psicológico en el Trabajo mostró ser un instrumento adecuado para la evaluación de la violencia psicológica y el mobbing en trabajadores de Colombia.
Objective: To validate the Colombian version of the inventory of Violence and Psychological Harassment at Work and to determine psychological violence and mobbing in formal active economic population at Colombia, using IVAPT instrument. Material and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study, with an aleatory sample non representative of the Economically Active Population in Colombia. Participants included 359 subjects; belonging to the sector of the formal economy, with at least one year of seniority and who were employed in any job in which they have a hierarchical superior. Results: The exploratory factorial analysis, showed a solution of two factors, which explained 50.3 % of the total variance with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.89, data similar to those presented in other Latin American countries. Conclusions: The Inventory of Violence and Psychological Harassment at work showed to be an appropriate tool for evaluating the psychological violence and mobbing in workers of Colombia.
ABSTRACT
O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal a proposição da pesquisa participante como uma apropriada opção metodológica para a investigação de práticas de assédio moral no trabalho. Secundariamente, objetiva apresentar, de maneira sintética, revisões acerca do fenõmeno assédio moral no trabalho e da abordagem metodológica pesquisa participante. Problematiza, fundamentando-se em reflexões acerca das características do assédio moral no trabalho, a predominância instrumental em alguns dos principais estudos, e destaca, baseando-se em pressupostos da pesquisa participante, algumas das vantagens e contribuições ímpares que a referida abordagem pode trazer para os estudos da temática em questão.
Participant research as Methodological Option for the Inquiry of Harassment at Work. The present article has as main objective the proposal of the participant research as an appropriate methodological option for the inquiry of harassment at work. Secondarily the article objective to present revisions concerning the harassment at work and the methodological approach researches participant in synthetic way. Basing on reflections concerning the characteristics ofthe harassment at work. it is discussed the instrumental predominance in some ofthe main studies, and beingbased on estimated of the participant research, they are detached some of the advantages and uneven contributions that the related approach can bring for the studies of the thematic.
