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ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the Stork Network in health care for high-risk babies, pointing out its main challenges. Method: questionnaires were applied with those responsible for the babies and with network health professionals. Data were analyzed quantitatively. Results: statistically relevant variables were: link with the Basic Health Unit; individuals' awareness of Family Health Support Center team; awareness of Family Health teams regarding the diagnosis of high-risk pregnancy and compliance with prenatal care; means of communication of individuals' birth; awareness of the need for hospitalization as well as its duration; awareness of follow-up in Secondary Health Care; and its outcome, pointing to a difficulty in the axis of coordination and longitudinality of the services provided in the network. Conclusion: the greatest challenges lie in covering the territory by Family Health strategy teams, expanding teams and solidifying partnerships with Higher Education Institutions, guaranteeing a differentiated professional training.
RESUMEN Objetivo: caracterizar la Red Cigüeña en la atención a la salud de los bebés de alto riesgo, señalando sus principales desafíos. Método: se aplicaron cuestionarios con los responsables de los bebés y con los profesionales de salud de la red. Los datos se analizaron cuantitativamente. Resultados: las variables estadísticamente relevantes fueron: vinculación con la Unidad Básica de Salud; conocimiento de las personas sobre el equipo de los Centros de Apoyo a la Salud de la Familia; sensibilización de los equipos de Salud de la Familia sobre el diagnóstico del embarazo de alto riesgo y la adherencia al control prenatal; medio de comunicación del nacimiento de las personas; conciencia de la necesidad de hospitalización, así como de su duración; conocimientos sobre seguimiento en Atención Secundaria de Salud; y su resultado, apuntando a una dificultad en el eje de coordinación y longitudinalidad de los servicios prestados en la red. Conclusión: los mayores desafíos están en la cobertura del territorio por los equipos de la estrategia de Salud de la Familia, en la ampliación de los equipos y en la consolidación de alianzas con Instituciones de Educación Superior, garantizando una formación profesional diferenciada.
RESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar a Rede Cegonha na atenção à saúde ao bebê de alto risco, apontando seus principais desafios. Método: questionários foram aplicados com os responsáveis pelos bebês e com os profissionais de saúde da rede. Os dados foram analisados quantitativamente. Resultados: as variáveis estatisticamente relevantes foram: vínculo com a Unidade Básica de Saúde; conhecimento dos indivíduos sobre a equipe Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família; ciência das equipes de Saúde da Família quanto ao diagnóstico de gravidez de risco e adesão ao pré-natal; via de comunicação do nascimento dos indivíduos; ciência quanto à necessidade de internação hospitalar, bem como sua duração; conhecimento sobre acompanhamento na Atenção Secundária à Saúde; e o desfecho do mesmo, apontando para uma dificuldade no eixo da coordenação e longitudinalidade dos serviços prestados na rede. Conclusão os maiores desafios estão na cobertura do território pelas equipes de estratégia de Saúde da Família, na ampliação de equipes e na solidificação das parcerias com as Instituições de Ensino Superior, garantindo uma formação profissional diferenciada.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Public Health , Health Care Levels , Child Development , Child Health , Maternal and Child Health , Health ServicesABSTRACT
Whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) as a treatment for brain metastases has been questioned over the last years. This study aimed to evaluate health care levels and survival after WBRT in a cohort of lung cancer patients with brain metastases receiving WBRT in Stockholm, Sweden, from 2008 to 2019 (n = 384). If the patients were able to come home again was estimated using logistic regression and odds ratios (OR) and survival by using Cox regression. The median age in the cohort was 65.6 years, the median survival following WBRT was 2.4 months (interquartile range (IQR) 1.2-6.2 months), and 84 (22%) patients were not able to come home after treatment. Significantly more males could come home again after WBRT compared to women (OR = 0.37, 95%CI 0.20-0.68). Patients with performance status scores WHO 3-4 had a median survival of 1.0 months, hazard ratio (HR) = 4.69 (95%CI 3.31-6.64) versus WHO score 0-1. Patients admitted to a palliative ward before WBRT had a median survival of 0.85 months, HR = 2.26 (95%CI 1.53-3.34) versus being at home. In conclusion, patients treated with WBRT had a short median survival and 20% could not be discharged from the hospital following treatment. Significantly more women did not come home again.
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BACKGROUND: In recent years, increases in the number of patients in emergency departments (ED) have led to continuous work intensification. To handle this problem, the treatment effectiveness has to be maximized. One strategy that may help to optimize workflow is the use of standard operating procedures (SOPs). We investigated the existence of SOPs and subjective effects on treatment in German EDs. METHODS: We performed an online survey from February 2015 until June 2016. We collected data regarding the existence of SOPs, health care level, medical field, work experience, and education. All professional groups participating in the treatment of patients were requested to take part in the survey. RESULTS: Seventy-five percent of the 589 participants in the survey confirmed the existence of SOPs in their EDs. SOPs were more frequently available in hospitals with higher health care levels. Participants working in EDs without SOPs felt less confident regarding treatment of patients. More than 85% of these participants were in favor of having SOPs. The absence of SOPs was associated with a subjective delay in patient treatment. CONCLUSION: Most of the EDs had available SOPs. In departments without SOPs, most physicians wanted them to be implemented. SOPs seemed adequate in terms of supporting workflow and satisfaction with patients' treatment.
Subject(s)
Emergency Service, Hospital , Physicians , Humans , Reference Standards , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The risk that health personnel have of being assaulted in the workplace is not homogeneous. Factors such as professional category, level of care or service, modulate their probability. The objective of this work was to analyze the aggressions registered by the Servicio Aragonés de Salud professionals, comparing the characteristics of those that occurred in primary care with those that took place in specialized care during 2018. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was made, carried out using the information available in the Aragon aggression registry database, during the year 2018. The study variables included sociodemographic characteristics of the people attacked, type of aggression, level of assistance and sick leave. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for the qualitative variables and mean and standard deviation for the quantitative ones; the relationship between the variables was made using the Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square tests. RESULTS: 236 assaults were registered, of which 75.4% took place in AE. The average age was 45 years. Doctors were more attacked in primary care, while nursing staff was more attacked in specialized care. In primary there were more verbal attacks, while in specialized there were more physical attacks. CONCLUSIONS: Occupational violence suffered by health professionals change depending on the level of care, where a higher incidence of assaults is observed in specialized care. It is necessary to establish improvements in the registry of aggressions in Aragón, to improve the prevention and safety of workers.
OBJETIVO: El riesgo que tiene el personal sanitario de sufrir una agresión en el lugar de trabajo no es homogéneo. Factores como la categoría profesional, el nivel asistencial o el servicio modulan su probabilidad. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar las agresiones registradas por los profesionales del Servicio Aragonés de Salud, comparando las características de aquellas que sucedieron en Atención Primaria con las que tuvieron lugar en Atención Especializada durante el año 2018. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, llevado a cabo a través de la información disponible en la base de datos del registro de agresiones aragonés durante el año 2018. Las variables del estudio incluyeron características sociodemográficas de las personas agredidas, tipo de agresión, nivel de asistencia y baja laboral. Se calcularon frecuencias y porcentajes para las variables cualitativas, y media y desviación típica para las cuantitativas. La relación entre las variables se realizó mediante las pruebas de Mann-Whitney y Chi-Cuadrado. RESULTADOS: Se registraron 236 agresiones, de las que el 75,4% tuvieron lugar en Atención Especializada. La edad media se situó en 45 años. Los médicos fueron más agredidos en Atención Primaria, mientras que el personal de enfermería lo fue más en especializada. En primaria se produjeron más agresiones verbales, mientras que en especializada se registraron más agresiones físicas. CONCLUSIONES: La violencia laboral que sufren los profesionales sanitarios varía en función del nivel asistencial, donde se observa una mayor incidencia de agresiones en Atención Especializada. Es necesario establecer mejoras en el registro de agresiones de Aragón, para perfeccionar la prevención y seguridad de los trabajadores.
Subject(s)
Nursing Staff/statistics & numerical data , Physicians/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Specialization/statistics & numerical data , Workplace Violence/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Aggression , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Middle Aged , Registries , SpainABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Despite the availability of effective drugs, tuberculosis remains a major public health problem that predominantly affects low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to assess tuberculosis treatment outcomes among patients treated at one of the primary health care levels in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS: An institutional-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a tuberculosis clinic in public primary healthcare facility. The study populations were all patients with tuberculosis who had been completed their treatment course in the center from July 2014 to July 2018. After getting Ethical clearance and permission from the health center, trained data collectors working in the center were recruited. The collected data were checked for completeness every day by the principal investigators. Data were edited, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data while multinomial logistic regression was employed to explore associations among variables of interest, and p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 352 patients with tuberculosis were included for the study with a median age of 25 years which ranged from 1 to79 year. Most (36.4%) participants were in the age group of 15 to 24 years. The majority (38.8%) of patients had extrapulmonary tuberculosis, 11.9% of them were HIV positive and only two had family history of tuberculosis. Regarding treatment outcome, 238(67.6%) completed the treatment, 95(27%) cured and the rest were unsuccessful treatment outcomes 19(5.4%) either died, defaulted or treatment failed. The odds ratio for cured in relation to unsuccessful treatment outcome was found to be significantly higher in HIV negative patients (AOR = 6.1; 95%CI 2.1-13.9) compared with those patients tested positive for HIV. While patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (AOR = 10.5, 95% CI 5.36-16.31) were significantly associated with the odds of having complete treatment cure as compared to patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Similarly being HIV positive and extrapulmonary tuberculosis were predicting factors for unsuccessful treatment compared with their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of the present study showed that successful tuberculosis treatment outcome was found to be optimal.
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AIM: The aim of the study was (1) to explore the baseline beliefs and practices of accredited social health activist (ASHA) workers of Khurda district of Orissa with respect to tobacco cessation and (2) to assess whether a brief intervention will be effective in improving the beliefs and practices of ASHA workers. The results of this study could be utilized by policy makers for framing important strategies for tobacco cessation in rural areas utilizing ASHA workers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A quasi-experimental study (before and after comparison) was performed in Khurda district of Orissa to find out whether a brief intervention could improve the beliefs and practices of ASHA workers related to antitobacco counseling in rural areas. A 14-item structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire, written in English (translated in Odiya), was used. The final sample size was estimated as 135. Data were entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 21) for analysis. RESULTS: All the mean belief items, practice items, degree of preparedness, and interest in training scores of study population increased significantly from baseline to postintervention. The study population showed a statistically significant improvement in postintervention composite belief and composite practices score. CONCLUSION: The majority of ASHA workers had positive beliefs and favorable practices after attending a brief intervention toward smoking cessation in their community. After attending the intervention, nearly half of the respondents felt themselves either somewhat or very well prepared for tobacco cessation. Most of them showed their interest toward getting further training in the field. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Training programs and regular tobacco cessation activities should be planned in the primary health-care delivery system of India.
Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Directive Counseling , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Social Workers , Tobacco Use Cessation/methods , Accreditation , Humans , India , Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In some primary health care settings, even where the health services are not available, provisions are not made to ensure continuity of care. This study aimed to determine the availability and level of continuity of care for maternal health services in the primary health centers (PHCs) in Nnewi, Nigeria. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional survey. Using multistage sampling technique, 280 women utilizing maternal health services from four randomly selected public PHCs in Nnewi, Nigeria were chosen for the study. Data collection employed a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods. RESULTS: The mean ± standard deviation for age of the respondents was 29.2 ± 5.9 years. The facilities studied provided out-patient services, but the only in-patient services provided was for women who delivered or those in labor. None of the facilities is equipped to provide even basic essential obstetric care services. None had standardized a protocol for referring clients, referral forms, a transport system, or a community loan scheme in place. Forty-four (15.7%) women were referred for care outside of the PHCs for the following reasons: Lack of drugs and supplies (9.1%); lack of equipment (90.9%), lack of skilled personnel (45.5%) among others. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that despite the unavailability of some services, appropriate strategies were not in place to ensure the coherent pattern of services within and between the PHCs and other levels of care. Delivery to the clients of comprehensive and integrated maternal health services, and efficient referral systems are thus recommended.
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BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), mainly heart attack and stroke, is the leading cause of premature mortality in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Identifying and managing individuals at high risk of CVD is an important strategy to prevent and control CVD, in addition to multisectoral population-based interventions to reduce CVD risk factors in the entire population. METHODS: We describe key public health considerations in identifying and managing individuals at high risk of CVD in LMICs. RESULTS: A main objective of any strategy to identify individuals at high CVD risk is to maximize the number of CVD events averted while minimizing the numbers of individuals needing treatment. Scores estimating the total risk of CVD (e.g. ten-year risk of fatal and non-fatal CVD) are available for LMICs, and are based on the main CVD risk factors (history of CVD, age, sex, tobacco use, blood pressure, blood cholesterol and diabetes status). Opportunistic screening of CVD risk factors enables identification of persons with high CVD risk, but this strategy can be widely applied in low resource settings only if cost effective interventions are used (e.g. the WHO Package of Essential NCD interventions for primary health care in low resource settings package) and if treatment (generally for years) can be sustained, including continued availability of affordable medications and funding mechanisms that allow people to purchase medications without impoverishing them (e.g. universal access to health care). This also emphasises the need to re-orient health systems in LMICs towards chronic diseases management. CONCLUSION: The large burden of CVD in LMICs and the fact that persons with high CVD can be identified and managed along cost-effective interventions mean that health systems need to be structured in a way that encourages patient registration, opportunistic screening of CVD risk factors, efficient procedures for the management of chronic conditions (e.g. task sharing) and provision of affordable treatment for those with high CVD risk. The focus needs to be in primary care because that is where most of the population can access health care and because CVD programmes can be run effectively at this level.
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BACKGROUND: To determine the adequacy of resources (human and material) for provision of maternal health services at the primary health care (PHC) level in Nnewi, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study of women utilising maternal health services in four public PHC facilities in Nnewi selected using multistage sampling technique was done. Data was collected using a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative data was analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 16, while qualitative data was reported verbatim, analysed thematically and necessary quotes presented. RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty women were studied. The mean age of respondents was 29.2 ± 5.9 years, while 231 (82.5%) were married. Most of them (82.5%) and 184 (66.1%), had their blood pressure and body weight respectively measured, while 196 (70.0%) had tetanus toxoid vaccination. Less than half of the respondents (41.4%) had urine test for sugar, and protein, while 94 (33.8%) had blood test for anaemia. The four facilities studied had most of the equipment and drugs available but in insufficient quantities. In three out of the four facilities, the physical structures were mostly good. None of them is equipped to provide an essential obstetric care (EOC) services, while one medical doctor covered all the facilities studied. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that none of the health facilities is equipped with the minimum equipment package, essential drugs nor staff complement required to enable them offer quality maternal health services. With advocacy, technical support and funding, strategies could be implemented to provide quality maternal health services.
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Introducción: las categorías de sexo y género permiten analizar sus desigualdades sociales, influencia sobre la salud e inequidades derivadas de ellas. En Cuba, desde hace varios años, se aplica el modelo de medicina familiar en el nivel primario de atención con el fin de lograr equidad en los servicios de salud y el cual periódicamente se ha ido evaluando. Sin embargo, se desconocen las particularidades y la equidad en la utilización de lo servicios según el género, lo cual motivó la realización de este estudio. Objetivo: identificar inequidades de género en la utilización de los servicios del nivel primario de atención. Métodos: se hizo un estudio descriptivo de la utilización de las consultas ofertadas para las personas entre 20 y 59 años, residentes en los territorios atendidos por algunos consultorios de los policlínicos Felipe I. Rodríguez, Marcio Manduley y Enrique Barnet. Se calcularon números absolutos, porcentajes y tasas anuales por habitantes/personas/año por sexo, para el total y en cada policlínico. Resultados: las hembras tuvieron tasas mayores que los varones en todos los aspectos analizados, respectivamente, con cifras de aproximadamente 2,65 y 1,05 para las consultas; 0,90 y 0,40 para los terrenos; 0,88 y 0,39 para las consultas programadas; 1,42 y 0,58 para las actividades preventivas y 3,40 contra 1,38 para las prescripciones médicas. Sin embargo, en varios servicios las hembras tuvieron menores o iguales porcentajes de asignación o utilización que los varones, a pesar de tener mayores necesidades de dichos servicios. Consideraciones finales: las formas de utilización y la no asignación proporcional de los servicios, según las necesidades de cada sexo, originan inequidades de género. El sexo femenino está en desventaja por estas inequidades(AU)
Introduction: the categories of sex and gender make it possible to analyze their social inequalities, their influence upon health, and the inequities stemming from them. For several years now, the family medicine model has been applied in primary care in Cuba, with the purpose of achieving equity in health services. The model has been evaluated periodically. However, little is known about specific equity features in the use of services according to gender. This is the reason why the present study was undertaken. Objective: identify gender inequities in the use of primary health care services. Methods: a descriptive study was conducted of the use of consultations offered to persons aged 20-59 living in areas covered by consultation offices from the polyclinics Felipe I. Rodríguez, Marcio Manduley and Enrique Barnet. An estimation was made of absolute numbers, percentages and annual rates per inhabitant / person / year by sex, for the total sample and at each polyclinic. Results: females showed higher rates than males in all the aspects analyzed, with figures of approximately 2.65 and 1.05 respectively for consultations; 0.90 and 0.40 for field visits; 0.88 and 0.39 for scheduled consultations; 1.42 and 0.58 for prevention activities and 3.40 and 1.38 for medical prescriptions. However, in several services females had a lower or equal percentage of allotment or use, even though their need to use those services was greater. Final considerations: imbalance in the forms of use and the allotment of services between the sexes resulted in gender inequities. The female sex was at a disadvantage due to these inequities(AU)
Subject(s)
Health Status Disparities , Gender and Health , Sexism , Health Services Accessibility , Equity in Access to Health ServicesABSTRACT
Introducción: las categorías de sexo y género permiten analizar sus desigualdades sociales, influencia sobre la salud e inequidades derivadas de ellas. En Cuba, desde hace varios años, se aplica el modelo de medicina familiar en el nivel primario de atención con el fin de lograr equidad en los servicios de salud y el cual periódicamente se ha ido evaluando. Sin embargo, se desconocen las particularidades y la equidad en la utilización de lo servicios según el género, lo cual motivó la realización de este estudio. Objetivo: identificar inequidades de género en la utilización de los servicios del nivel primario de atención. Métodos: se hizo un estudio descriptivo de la utilización de las consultas ofertadas para las personas entre 20 y 59 años, residentes en los territorios atendidos por algunos consultorios de los policlínicos Felipe I. Rodríguez, Marcio Manduley y Enrique Barnet. Se calcularon números absolutos, porcentajes y tasas anuales por habitantes/personas/año por sexo, para el total y en cada policlínico. Resultados: las hembras tuvieron tasas mayores que los varones en todos los aspectos analizados, respectivamente, con cifras de aproximadamente 2,65 y 1,05 para las consultas; 0,90 y 0,40 para los terrenos; 0,88 y 0,39 para las consultas programadas; 1,42 y 0,58 para las actividades preventivas y 3,40 contra 1,38 para las prescripciones médicas. Sin embargo, en varios servicios las hembras tuvieron menores o iguales porcentajes de asignación o utilización que los varones, a pesar de tener mayores necesidades de dichos servicios. Consideraciones finales: las formas de utilización y la no asignación proporcional de los servicios, según las necesidades de cada sexo, originan inequidades de género. El sexo femenino está en desventaja por estas inequidades
Introduction: the categories of sex and gender make it possible to analyze their social inequalities, their influence upon health, and the inequities stemming from them. For several years now, the family medicine model has been applied in primary care in Cuba, with the purpose of achieving equity in health services. The model has been evaluated periodically. However, little is known about specific equity features in the use of services according to gender. This is the reason why the present study was undertaken. Objective: identify gender inequities in the use of primary health care services. Methods: a descriptive study was conducted of the use of consultations offered to persons aged 20-59 living in areas covered by consultation offices from the polyclinics Felipe I. Rodríguez, Marcio Manduley and Enrique Barnet. An estimation was made of absolute numbers, percentages and annual rates per inhabitant / person / year by sex, for the total sample and at each polyclinic. Results: females showed higher rates than males in all the aspects analyzed, with figures of approximately 2.65 and 1.05 respectively for consultations; 0.90 and 0.40 for field visits; 0.88 and 0.39 for scheduled consultations; 1.42 and 0.58 for prevention activities and 3.40 and 1.38 for medical prescriptions. However, in several services females had a lower or equal percentage of allotment or use, even though their need to use those services was greater. Final considerations: imbalance in the forms of use and the allotment of services between the sexes resulted in gender inequities. The female sex was at a disadvantage due to these inequities
Subject(s)
Gender and Health , Health Inequities , Health Services Accessibility , Sexism , Equity in Access to Health ServicesABSTRACT
Introducción La enfermedad cardiovascular causa el 32% de las muertes en la Argentina. La aspirina reduce un 12% los eventos y está indicada cuando el riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) a los 10 años supera el 10%. El Programa Remediar provee aspirina gratuitamente en el primer nivel de atención pública para la población sin cobertura. Objetivo Analizar el uso de la aspirina y estimar su efectividad. Material y métodos El presente estudio consta de tres diseños: 1. Estudio ecológico: cruce de prescripciones de aspirina, diagnósticos, beneficiarios, por provincia, de las recetas de Remediar. Fuentes: recetas realizadas en 6 mil centros de salud desde marzo de 2005 hasta febrero de 2006. 2. Evaluación sobre un enfoque contrafáctico. 3. Cálculo de costos de medicamentos por resultado. Resultados A pesar de que el Programa contaba con disponibilidad, se prescribió aspirina a 60.408 beneficiarios, con una media que recibe 2,0 tratamientos mensuales por año, sobre una población de 708.470 beneficiarios identificados por el Programa mayores de 50 años con RCV aumentado. La cobertura nacional alcanzó al 6,8% de la población objetivo de 882.205 personas, con una gran variabilidad interprovincial. La evaluación del impacto potencial de la prescripción de aspirina en tres escenarios contrafácticos muestra que podrían haberse evitado 725 a 21.173 eventos. El costo de evitar cada evento sería para el Programa Remediar de 3.111 a 6.222 dólares a lo largo de 10 años. Conclusiones Se evidencia subprescripción de aspirina, falta de cumplimiento de un mínimo anual de tratamientos efectivos y problemas de acceso, lo cual limitaría el impacto sanitario.
Background Cardiovascular diseases cause 32% of deaths in Argentina. Aspirin produces a 12% reduction in the incidence of events and is indicated when cardiovascular risk at 10 years is above 10%. The Remediar Program provides aspirin to patients without medical coverage in the public primary care level. Objective To analyze the use of aspirin and estimate its indication. Material and Methods The present study has three designs: 1. Ecological study with cross comparisons of aspirin prescriptions, diagnoses and beneficiaries, by province, of the prescriptions of the Remediar Program. Sources: prescriptions from 6000 health care centers from March 2005 to February 2006. 2. Evaluation of a counterfactual approach. 3. Estimate of medication costs based on results. Results The Remediar Program identified 708 470 beneficiaries >50 years with increased cardiovascular risk. Aspirin was prescribed to 60 408 beneficiaries, with a mean of 2.0 treatments per month/year despite drug availability. The Program provided national coverage for 6.8% of the target population of 882 205 people, with an important variability among provinces. The evaluation of the potential impact of aspirin prescription in three counterfactual scenarios shows that 725 to 21 173 events could have been prevented, and that the cost of the Remediar Program to prevent one event would be of USD 3111 to 6222 during 10 years. Conclusions Underprescription of aspirin, failure to provide a minimum annual number of effective treatments and access issues might limit the impact on health care.
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OBJETIVO: Descrever a estrutura física, recursos humanos e modalidades de atenção existentes nos centros de atenção psicossocial (CAPS). MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos no estudo 21 CAPS para atendimento de adultos, vinculados à Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo (SP), entre 2007 e 2008. Foram coletadas informações sobre as instalações físicas dos serviços, recursos humanos disponíveis e procedimentos de cuidado ao paciente, utilizando instrumento padronizado. Foram realizados análise descritiva dos dados e o teste de qui-quadrado para testar a associação entre os tipos de atividades e a origem e localização dos serviços. RESULTADOS: Dez serviços foram criados como ambulatórios e posteriormente transformados, oito eram hospitais-dia e apenas três foram criados como CAPS. Nenhum serviço funcionava diariamente durante 24 horas. Metade dos serviços funcionava em imóveis alugados, com instalações físicas inadequadas especialmente para atendimentos grupais. A composição das equipes dos serviços foi bastante diversa. As atividades desempenhadas nos CAPS foram heterogêneas, com maior valorização das atividades grupais desenvolvidas com usuários dentro dos CAPS e pouca integração aos outros equipamentos de saúde. As atividades grupais de arte e cultura foram as mais freqüentes em todos os serviços. Os serviços de origem ambulatorial apresentavam atividades artesanais e os que haviam sido hospitais-dia realizavam mais atividades de integração psicofísica. O perfil de atividades relacionou-se à distribuição regional dos serviços. CONCLUSÕES: A heterogeneidade dos CAPS parece se relacionar à história dos programas de saúde mental implementados no município desde a década de 1980 e à diversidade socioeconômica e cultural das regiões da cidade, bem como às diferentes composições das equipes observadas. Diferentes modelos de atenção psicossocial foram encontrados, desde a constituição de "equipamentos-síntese" dos quais os usuários não recebem alta, até serviços que encaminham e dão alta após a estabilização dos sintomas dos usuários, numa tentativa de construção de uma rede de cuidados.
