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2.
Drug Ther Bull ; 2024 Jun 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38839265
3.
Drug Ther Bull ; 2024 Jun 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38839266
4.
Drug Ther Bull ; 2024 Jun 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38897663
5.
Drug Ther Bull ; 2024 May 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38816185
6.
Drug Ther Bull ; 62(6): 85, 2024 May 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38697797

ABSTRACT

Overview of: Shaikh N, Hoberman A, Shope TR, et al. Identifying children likely to benefit from antibiotics for acute sinusitis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2023;330:349-58.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Sinusitis , Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Sinusitis/drug therapy , Child , Acute Disease , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Child, Preschool
7.
Farm Hosp ; 2024 May 21.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38777651

ABSTRACT

Telepharmacy is defined as the practice of remote pharmaceutical care, using information and communication technologies. Given its growing importance in outpatient pharmaceutical care, the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy developed a consensus document, Guía de entrevista telemática en atención farmacéutica, as part of its strategy for the development and expansion of telepharmacy, with key recommendations for effective pharmacotherapeutic monitoring and informed dispensing and delivery of medications through telematic interviews. The document was developed by a working group of hospital pharmacists with experience in the field. It highlights the benefits of telematic interviewing for patients, hospital pharmacy professionals, and the healthcare system as a whole, reviews the various tools for conducting telematic interviews, and provides recommendations for each phase of the interview. These recommendations cover aspects such as tool/platform selection, patient selection, obtaining authorization and consent, assessing technological skills, defining objectives and structure, scheduling appointments, reviewing medical records, and ensuring humane treatment. Telematic interview is a valuable complement to face-to-face consultations but its novelty requires a strategic and formal framework that this consensus document aims to cover. The use of appropriate communication tools and compliance with recommended procedures ensure patient safety and satisfaction. By implementing telematic interviews, healthcare institutions can improve patient care, optimize the use of resources and promote continuity of care.

8.
Psychooncology ; 33(5): e6348, 2024 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38730533

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pediatric cancer patients' oncology teams regularly take on a primary care role, but due to the urgent nature of cancer treatment, developmental screenings may be deprioritized. This leaves patients at risk of developmental diagnoses and referrals being delayed. AIMS: Clarify the current developmental surveillance and screening practices of one pediatric oncology team. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Researchers reviewed charts for patients (n = 66) seen at a pediatric oncology clinic in a suburban academic medical center to determine engagement in developmental screening (including functioning around related areas such as speech, neurocognition, etc.) and referrals for care in these areas. RESULTS: Developmental histories were collected from all patients through admission history and physical examination (H&P), but there was no routinized follow-up. Physicians did not conduct regular developmental screening per American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for any patients but identified n = 3 patients with needs while the psychology team routinely surveilled all patients seen during this time (n = 41) and identified n = 18 patients as having delays. DISCUSSION: Physicians did not routinely screen for development needs beyond H&P and were inconsistent in developmental follow-up/referrals. Integrated psychologists were key in generating referrals for developmental-based care. However, many oncology patients were not seen by psychologists quickly or at all, creating a significant gap in care during a crucial developmental period. CONCLUSION: The case is made for further routinization of ongoing developmental screening in pediatric oncology care.


Subject(s)
Developmental Disabilities , Neoplasms , Quality Improvement , Referral and Consultation , Humans , Child , Female , Male , Child, Preschool , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/therapy , Developmental Disabilities/diagnosis , Developmental Disabilities/therapy , Adolescent , Mass Screening , Pediatrics/standards , Medical Oncology , Infant , Primary Health Care
9.
Drug Ther Bull ; 2024 May 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38697796
10.
Drug Ther Bull ; 62(6): 86, 2024 May 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38719337

ABSTRACT

Overview of: Ozieranski P, Saghy E, Mulinari S. Pharmaceutical industry payments to NHS trusts in England: a four-year analysis of the Disclosure UK database. PLoS One 2023;18:e0290022.


Subject(s)
Drug Industry , State Medicine , Drug Industry/economics , State Medicine/economics , Humans , United Kingdom , Disclosure , England
11.
BMJ Evid Based Med ; 2024 May 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38782559

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this scoping review were to provide an overview of existing guidelines for the development and validation of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), review them for comprehensiveness and clarity and provide recommendations for their use based on the goals of the instrument developers. DESIGN: Scoping review. METHODS: A literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, PsycInfo and Google Scholar up to 2 June 2023 to identify guidelines for the development and validation of PROMs. Screening of records and reports as well as data extraction were performed by two reviewers. To assess the comprehensiveness of the included guidelines, a mapping synthesis was performed and steps to develop and validate a measurement instrument outlined in the included guidelines were mapped to an a priori framework including 20 steps, which was based on the guideline by de Vet et al. RESULTS: A total of 40 guidelines were included. Statistical advice (at least partially) was provided in 98% of the guidelines (39/40) and 88% (35/40) of the guidelines included examples for steps required to develop and validate PROMs. However, 78% (31/40) of the guidelines were not comprehensive and two essential steps in PROM development ('consideration and elaboration of the measurement model' and 'responsiveness') were not included in 80% and 72% of the guidelines, respectively. Three guidelines included all 20 steps and six included almost all steps (≥90% of steps) for developing and validating a PROM. DISCUSSION: Most guidelines on PROM development and validation do not appear to be comprehensive, and some crucial steps are missing in most guidelines. Nevertheless, for some purposes of PROMs, many guidelines provide helpful advice and support. CONCLUSION: At least 15 guidelines may be recommended, including three comprehensive guidelines that can be recommended for the development and validation of PROMs for most purposes (eg, to discriminate between subjects with a particular condition and subjects without that condition, to evaluate the effects of treatments (between a pre and post time-points) or to evaluate a status quo).

12.
J Med Genet ; 61(7): 716-725, 2024 Jun 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38575303

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: 1 in 40 UK Jewish individuals carry a pathogenic variant in BRCA1/BRCA2. Traditional testing criteria miss half of carriers, and so population genetic testing is being piloted for Jewish people in England. There has been no qualitative research into the factors influencing BRCA awareness and testing experience in this group. This study aimed to explore these and inform improvements for the implementation of population genetic testing. METHODS: Qualitative study of UK Jewish adults who have undergone BRCA testing. We conducted one-to-one semistructured interviews via telephone or video call using a predefined topic guide, until sufficient information power was reached. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and interpreted using applied thematic analysis. RESULTS: 32 individuals were interviewed (28 carriers, 4 non-carriers). We interpreted five themes intersecting across six time points of the testing pathway: (1) individual differences regarding personal/family history of cancer, demographics and personal attitudes/approach; (2) healthcare professionals' support; (3) pathway access and integration; (4) nature of family/partner relationships; and (5) Jewish community factors. Testing was largely triggered by connecting information to a personal/family history of cancer. No participants reported decision regret, although there was huge variation in satisfaction. Suggestions were given around increasing UK Jewish community awareness, making information and support services personally relevant and proactive case management of carriers. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need to improve UK Jewish community BRCA awareness and to highlight personal relevance of testing for individuals without a personal/family history of cancer. Traditional testing criteria caused multiple issues regarding test access and experience. Carriers want information and support services tailored to their individual circumstances.


Subject(s)
BRCA1 Protein , BRCA2 Protein , Genetic Testing , Jews , Humans , Jews/genetics , Jews/psychology , Female , Adult , United Kingdom/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Male , BRCA1 Protein/genetics , BRCA2 Protein/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Qualitative Research , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Breast Neoplasms/psychology , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Genes, BRCA1
14.
Drug Ther Bull ; 62(5): 66, 2024 Apr 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38594061
15.
BMC Health Serv Res ; 24(1): 486, 2024 Apr 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38641612

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Burn treatments are complex, and for this reason, a specialised multidisciplinary approach is recommended. Evaluating the quality of care provided to acute burn patients through quality indicators makes it possible to develop and implement measures aiming at better results. There is a lack of information on which indicators to evaluate care in burn patients. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify a list of quality indicators used to evaluate the quality of hospital care provided to acute burn patients and indicate possible aspects of care that do not have specific indicators in the literature. METHOD: A comprehensive scoping review (PRISMA-ScR) was conducted in four databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Lilacs/VHL) between July 25 and 30, 2022 and redone on October 6, 2022. Potentially relevant articles were evaluated for eligibility. General data and the identified quality indicators were collected for each included article. Each indicator was classified as a structure, process, or outcome indicator. RESULTS: A total of 1548 studies were identified, 82 were included, and their reference lists were searched, adding 19 more publications. Thus, data were collected from 101 studies. This review identified eight structure quality indicators, 72 process indicators, and 19 outcome indicators listed and subdivided according to their objectives. CONCLUSION: This study obtained a list of quality indicators already used to monitor and evaluate the hospital care of acute burn patients. These indicators may be useful for further research or implementation in quality improvement programs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework platform on June 27, 2022 ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NAW85 ).


Subject(s)
Burns , Quality Indicators, Health Care , Humans , Burns/therapy , Hospitals , Quality Improvement
17.
Drug Ther Bull ; 62(6): 83, 2024 May 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38594060

ABSTRACT

Overview of: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics: must now only be prescribed when other commonly recommended antibiotics are inappropriate. Drug Safety Update 2024;17:2.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Fluoroquinolones , Fluoroquinolones/adverse effects , Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , United States
18.
Drug Ther Bull ; 62(6): 84, 2024 May 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38677878

ABSTRACT

Overview of: Dreier JW, Bjørk MH, Alvestad S, et al. Prenatal exposure to antiseizure medication and incidence of childhood- and adolescence-onset psychiatric disorders. JAMA Neurol 2023;80:568-77.


Subject(s)
Anticonvulsants , Mental Disorders , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects , Humans , Anticonvulsants/adverse effects , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Pregnancy , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/chemically induced , Female , Child , Mental Disorders/drug therapy , Mental Disorders/chemically induced , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Adolescent , Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy
19.
Drug Ther Bull ; 62(5): 67, 2024 Apr 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38580400

ABSTRACT

Overview of: Sims JR, Zimmer JA, Evans CD, et al. Donanemab in early symptomatic Alzheimer disease: The TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2 randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2023;330:512-27.


Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease , Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy , Humans , Aged , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
20.
Semin Arthritis Rheum ; 66: 152433, 2024 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38513411

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Identifying participants who will progress to advanced stage in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) trials remains a significant challenge. Current tools, relying on total knee replacements (TKR), fall short in reliability due to the extraneous factors influencing TKR decisions. Acknowledging these limitations, our study identifies a critical need for a more robust metric to assess severe KOA. The end-stage KOA (esKOA) measure, which combines symptomatic and radiographic criteria, serves as a solid indicator. To enhance future trials that use esKOA as an endpoint, our study focuses on developing and validating a machine-learning tool to identify individuals likely to develop esKOA within 2 to 5 years. DESIGN: Utilizing the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) data, we trained models on 3,114 participants and validated them with 606 participants for the right knee, and similarly for the left knee, with external validation from the Multicentre Osteoarthritis Study (MOST) involving 1,602 participants. We aimed to predict esKOA onset at 2-to-2.5 years and 4-to-5 years, defining esKOA by severe radiographic KOA with moderate/severe symptoms or mild/moderate radiographic KOA with persistent/intense symptoms. Our analysis considered 51 candidate predictors, including demographics, clinical history, physical examination, and X-ray evaluations. An online tool predicting esKOA progression, based on models with ten and nine predictors for the right and left knees, respectively, was developed. RESULTS: External validation (MOST) for the right knee at 2.5 years yielded an Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.847 (95 % CI 0.811 to 0.882), and at 5 years, 0.853 (95 % CI 0.823 to 0.881); for the left knee at 2.5 years, AUC was 0.824 (95 % CI 0.782 to 0.857), and at 5 years, 0.807 (95 % CI 0.768 to 0.843). Models with fewer predictors demonstrated comparable performance. The online tool is available at: https://eskoa.shinyapps.io/webapp/. CONCLUSION: Our study unveils a robust, externally validated machine learning tool proficient in predicting the onset of esKOA over the next 2 to 5 years. Our tool can lead to more efficient KOA trials.


Subject(s)
Disease Progression , Machine Learning , Osteoarthritis, Knee , Humans , Osteoarthritis, Knee/diagnostic imaging , Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Aged , Severity of Illness Index , Reproducibility of Results
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