Assessing the Impact of Religion and College Life on Consumption Patterns of Ultra-Processed Foods by Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

(1) Background: University students, often constrained by time and influenced by socio-economic factors such as culture and religion, frequently adopt diets centred on ultra-processed foods (UPFs), increasing the risk of long-term non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to assess UPF consumption among Spanish university students and explore the potential impact of religion and the academic year on their eating habits. (2) Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 257 university students aged 18-31, UPF consumption was assessed using NOVA food classification at the academic year's start and end. Chi-square and Wilcoxon tests analysed UPF consumption changes, while binary logistic regression identified associations between religion and weekly UPF consumption. (3) Results: Muslim students had a consumption of industrial bakery products almost five times [95% CI: 2.694-9.259] higher than that observed among Christians. Similar data were observed for artificial juice consumption (OR = 3.897, 95% CI = 2.291-6.627) and candy consumption (OR = 3.724, 95% CI = 2.051-6.762). Moreover, a greater percentage of calories and grams of saturated fats from UPFs was observed for Muslims at the end of the study. (4) Conclusions: Highlighting the impact of religion on UPF consumption among students underscores the necessity of monitoring and intervening in dietary habits to prevent undesirable long-term complications such as cardiovascular diseases.

Assessment of Dietary and Lifestyle Quality among the Romanian Population in the Post-Pandemic Period.

BACKGROUND: The pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus demonstrated the importance of prevention through a healthy diet and lifestyle, the most vulnerable people being those with severe chronic conditions, those who are overweight, and those with an unbalanced immune system. This study aims to examine the nutritional status and lifestyle behaviors of the Romanian population. METHODS: The evaluation of the eating habits and lifestyle of the Romanian population in the post-pandemic period was carried out based on a cross-sectional observational study with the help of a questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 4704 valid answers were registered (3136 female and 1568 male respondents). Among the respondents, most of them belong to the young population, 2892 between the ages of 18 and 40, i.e., 61.5%. Most male respondents are overweight (1400) and obese (780). Most respondents indicated a tendency to consume 1-2 meals per day irregularly (p = 0.617). Only 974 respondents adopted a healthy diet, and 578 a healthy lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS: The present study reports low adherence to a healthy diet (20.7%) and healthy lifestyle (12.28%), especially among the young population (<30 years). In the current context, it reports a reduced tendency to consume vegetables and fruits among the population, below the daily average recommended by the nutrition guidelines, a tendency towards sedentary behavior, and even deficient hydration of some of the respondents; these negative aspects can create a long-term series of nutritional and psycho-emotional imbalances. Our results evidence that complex surveys among the population are regularly required to investigate nutritional or lifestyle deficiencies; moreover, it could be helpful in further educational measures in nutrition, food, and environmental safety.

Exploring the Influence of a Physical Activity and Healthy Eating Program on Childhood Well-Being: A Comparative Study in Primary School Students.

Childhood is a crucial stage of human development in which the lifestyles children adopt can have a significant impact on their well-being throughout their lives. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the healthy habits and Body Mass Index (BMI) of students from a primary school that participated in a program to promote physical activity and healthy eating one year earlier with other students from two schools that had not participated in this type of program. We analyzed a sample of 287 Spanish students, aged between 8 and 12 years. A survey of healthy habits was completed, and anthropometric data were taken to determine their Body Mass Index (BMI). The questionnaire data indicated that there are some significant differences (p = ≤ 0.05) in the consumption of some unhealthy foods between the evaluated groups. An amount of 11% of the sample was considered obese and 26% were overweight; no significant differences were found between the groups. This study suggests that the healthy habits strategy implemented by a school improves pupils' habits, especially in reducing the consumption of unhealthy foods. Despite the positive effects, the data indicate that these programs fall short of government recommendations, particularly in areas such as physical activity and certain dietary choices.

Assessment of Sleep Quality in Spanish Twin Pregnancy: An Observational Single-Center Study.

Women with twin pregnancies experience greater sleep disturbance compared to women with singleton pregnancies. The aims of this study were to explore the sleep quality in women with twin pregnancies and to compare their sleep dimensions with coetaneous single pregnancies. This was an observational study in which women were enrolled at the end of pregnancy in the Obstetric Service of Hospital La Paz (Spain). The women were classified as single (n = 143) or twin pregnancy (n = 62). Pregnant women responded to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to evaluate sleep quality, latency, duration, efficiency, perturbance, use of medication, and daytime dysfunction. The higher the index, the greater the alteration of sleep quality. Without statistical differences, a poor sleep quality was higher in women with single (66.7%) than women with twin pregnancies (22.8%). The good sleeper slept 6.8 h/day in single pregnancy and 7.3 h/day in twin pregnancy. The sleep perturbation and dysfunctionality were higher in women with twin than single pregnancies. The use of medication to sleep was significantly lower in women with twin than single pregnancies. In women with twin pregnancy, the body weight gain during first trimester had a positive correlation with worse sleep quality and sleep perturbations. Twin pregnancy needed more than 7 h/day to have a high sleep quality, showing greater sleep perturbations and daytime dysfunction than single pregnancies. The control of gestational body weight can improve the sleep quality, disturbances, and duration in twin gestations. Sleep screening during pregnancy would be necessary to handle sleep issues and increase benefits in twin gestational outcomes.

Exercise habits and health behaviors on adolescent obesity.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Obesity among children and adolescents continues to increase globally, and it is important to determine the factors associated with obesity among adolescents for the prevention and reduction of obesity. The purpose of this study is to understand the factors associated with the increase in the obesity rate among adolescents, providing a reference basis for the development of projects aimed at promoting adolescent health. METHODS: Using the raw data of 2021 adolescent health behavior online survey, this study analyzed demographic sociological factors, mental health, exercise habits, health behaviors and other categorical variables, and conducted the frequency, χ2 test for the difference in the proportion of obese and non-obese. According to the hierarchy model of obesity-related variables, binary logistics regression is used for multivariate analysis. This study used the original data of the 2021 Youth Health Behavior Online Survey, and performed frequency, χ2 tests on the differences in the proportion of obese and non-obese for categorical variables such as demographic sociological factors, mental health, exercise habits, and health behaviors. Multivariate analysis was performed using binary logistic regression based on hierarchical models of obesity-related variables. RESULTS: The obesity rate among Korean adolescents was 18.25 %. The obesity risk for females was reduced by 0.344 times compared to males (95 % CI = 0.327-0.361, p < 0.001); high school students had a 1.4 times higher obesity risk than middle school students (95 % CI = 1.379-1.511, p < 0.001); students with "Subjective household economic status" rated as "Medium" and 'Low' had their obesity risk increased by 1.07 times (95 % CI = 1.020-1.124, p < 0.01) and 1.254 times (95 % CI = 1.165-1.350, p < 0.001), respectively, compared to students with 'Subjective household economic status' rated as 'High'; students with 'Moderate' and 'Low' levels of 'Perceived stress' had their obesity risk reduced by 0.78 times (95 % CI = 0.74-0.823, P < 0.001) and 0.75 times (95 % CI = 0.70-0.803, P < 0.001), respectively, compared to students with 'High' levels of 'Perceived stress'; students engaging in 'Muscle strengthening exercise' '1-2 times/week' and "≥ 3 times/week" had their obesity risk reduced by 0.844 times (95% CI = 0.797-0.895, P < 0.001) and 0.575 times (95% CI = 0.537-0.616, P < 0.001), respectively, compared to students not participating in "Muscle strengthening exercise". CONCLUSION: The obesity rate of boys is higher than that of girls and high school students is higher than that of middle school students, and obesity is inversely proportional to family economic status. Mental health factors, exercise habits and eating habits are all important factors affecting adolescent obesity. It is suggested that gender differences, psychological factors, health habits, obesity education and healthy eating habits suitable for different age groups should be considered in the formulation of adolescent obesity policy.

Differences in the Levels of Physical Activity and Sport Habits between Men and Women in Cartagena (Spain).

Scientific evidence proves the importance of physical activity and sports in decreasing morbidity and mortality rates and health-related costs. Public and stakeholder involvement is vital in the sustainable promotion of physical activity and sports practice in local settings. The aim of this study was to identify the levels of physical activity and sports habits of the population of the city Cartagena (Spain). The short version of the International Questionnaire of Physical Activity was used (IQPA) and a virtual questionnaire on sports habits was sent to 1450 citizens. Responses from 248 people (162 men and 86 women), with ages ranging from 18 to 77 years old (average age = 41 ± 17 years old), were collected. The results showed low to moderate levels of physical activity with no considerable differences between men and women for the population of Cartagena. Women were shown to engage in higher intensity practice of physical activity, whereas men were shown to be more consistent and have a significantly higher participation rate in sports events, both those with free entry and those that require the acquisition of a ticket. Men were also shown to have a higher rate of media sport use. This information may assist in the development of effective political actions to promote physical activity and sports in local settings.

Autocuidado e hábitos de vida de acadêmicos de enfermagem durante a pandemia de Sars-Cov-2 / Self-care and lifestyle habits of nursing students during the Sars-Cov-2 pandemic / Hábitos de autocuidado y estilo de vida de estudiantes de enfermería durante la pandemia Sars-Cov-2

Objetivo: compreender de que maneira a pandemia de Covid-19 interferiu no autocuidado e estilo de vida de universitários.Método: pesquisa descritiva exploratória realizada com acadêmicos de enfermagem de quatro instituições de ensino superior do estado do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados mediante formulário eletrônico disponibilizado no google forms; os de natureza quantitativa foram submetidos à análise descritiva e inferencial, e as respostas às questões abertas analisadas no Software Iramuteq.Resultados: participaram do estudo 58 estudantes de enfermagem, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (82,76%), com idade média de 22 anos, a maioria residia com sua família. Observada associação estatisticamente significativa entre Idade e "Fez amizade durante aulas remotas"; Sexo e "uso de substância''; e Ano da graduação com hábito alimentar e "Fez amizade durante aulas remotas".Conclusão: a pandemia influenciou, especialmente, os hábitos alimentares, de autocuidado, qualidade do sono e uso álcool e tabaco entre os acadêmicos de enfermagem

Objective: to understand how the Covid-19 pandemic has interfered with the self-care and lifestyle of university students. Method: exploratory descriptive research carried out with nursing students from four higher education institutions in the state of Paraná. Data were collected using an electronic form available on Google Forms; those of a quantitative nature were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis, and the answers to open questions analyzed using the Iramuteq Software. Results: 58 nursing students participated in the study, the majority of whom were female (82.76%), with an average age of 22 years, the majority lived with their family. Statistically significant association was observed between Age and "Made friends during remote classes"; Sex and "substance use"; and Year of graduation with eating habits and "Made friends during remote classes". Conclusion: the pandemic especially influenced eating habits, self-care, sleep quality and alcohol and tobacco use among nursing students

Objetivos:comprender cómo la pandemia de Covid-19 ha interferido en el autocuidado y estilo de vida de los estudiantes universitarios. Método: investigación descriptiva exploratoria realizada con estudiantes de enfermería de cuatro instituciones de educación superior del estado de Paraná. Los datos fueron recopilados mediante un formulario electrónico disponible en Google Forms; los de carácter cuantitativo fueron sometidos a análisis descriptivo e inferencial, y las respuestas a preguntas abiertas analizadas mediante el Software Iramuteq. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 58 estudiantes de enfermería, la mayoría del sexo femenino (82,76%), con una edad promedio de 22 años, la mayoría vivía con su familia. Se observó asociación estadísticamente significativa entre Edad y "Hizo amigos durante las clases remotas"; Sexo y "consumo de sustancias"; y Año de graduación con hábitos alimentarios y "Hice amigos durante clases remotas". Conclusión: la pandemia influyó especialmente en los hábitos alimentarios, el autocuidado, la calidad del sueño y el consumo de alcohol y tabaco entre los estudiantes de enfermería

Autocuidado e hábitos de vida de acadêmicos de enfermagem durante a pandemia de Sars-Cov-2 / Self-care and lifestyle habits of nursing students during the Sars-Cov-2 pandemic / Hábitos de autocuidado y estilo de vida de estudiantes de enfermería durante la pandemia Sars-Cov-2

Objective: to understand how the Covid-19 pandemic has interfered with the self-care and lifestyle of university students. Method: exploratory descriptive research carried out with nursing students from four higher education institutions in the state of Paraná. Data were collected using an electronic form available on Google Forms; those of a quantitative nature were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis, and the answers to open questions analyzed using the Iramuteq Software. Results: 58 nursing students participated in the study, the majority of whom were female (82.76%), with an average age of 22 years, the majority lived with their family. Statistically significant association was observed between Age and "Made friends during remote classes"; Sex and "substance use"; and Year of graduation with eating habits and "Made friends during remote classes". Conclusion: the pandemic especially influenced eating habits, self-care, sleep quality and alcohol and tobacco use among nursing students.

Objetivos:comprender cómo la pandemia de Covid-19 ha interferido en el autocuidado y estilo de vida de los estudiantes universitarios. Método: investigación descriptiva exploratoria realizada con estudiantes de enfermería de cuatro instituciones de educación superior del estado de Paraná. Los datos fueron recopilados mediante un formulario electrónico disponible en Google Forms; los de carácter cuantitativo fueron sometidos a análisis descriptivo e inferencial, y las respuestas a preguntas abiertas analizadas mediante el Software Iramuteq. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 58 estudiantes de enfermería, la mayoría del sexo femenino (82,76%), con una edad promedio de 22 años, la mayoría vivía con su familia. Se observó asociación estadísticamente significativa entre Edad y "Hizo amigos durante las clases remotas"; Sexo y "consumo de sustancias"; y Año de graduación con hábitos alimentarios y "Hice amigos durante clases remotas". Conclusión: la pandemia influyó especialmente en los hábitos alimentarios, el autocuidado, la calidad del sueño y el consumo de alcohol y tabaco entre los estudiantes de enfermería.

Healthy Habits Factors and Stress Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life in a Peruvian Adult Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Healthy habits contribute to the prevention of diseases and, therefore, improve the health-related quality of life of people. However, stress is one of the main risk factors associated with serious health problems in the individual. Therefore, the literature suggests a relationship between healthy habits, stress, and health-related quality of life. Objective: To assess the factors of healthy habits and stress associated with health-related quality of life in a Peruvian adult population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 540 Peruvian citizens aged between 18 and 60 years. A questionnaire was applied on the Google Forms platform to be completed online, using the "Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire" and the PSS-4 to assess healthy habits and stress, respectively. Health-related quality of life was evaluated using the EuroQol-5D. Results: In the multivariate analysis, stress was the most associated factor with quality of life. Physical activity, drug consumption, tobacco consumption, rest habits, and a balanced diet were healthy habits associated with quality of life. Conclusion: Physical activity, rest habits, and a balanced diet improve health-related quality of life, while drug or tobacco consumption and stress are associated with a lower health-related quality of life.

Fish intake in pregnant women and its impact on maternal-fetal health status / Ingesta de pescado en mujeres embarazadas y su impacto en el estado de salud materno-fetal

Objective The objective was to evaluate the consumption of fish in pregnant women and its association with maternal and infant outcomes. Material and methods In this observational study carried out at the La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital in Valencia, 300 pregnant women participated. The participants were divided into 2 groups according to their fish consumption during pregnancy for comparison. The χ2 test or ANOVA test were applied for comparisons for qualitative and quantitative variables respectively. Results It was observed that 49% of women consumed adequate amounts of fish during pregnancy (2 or 3 weekly servings). Significant differences were observed for iron supplementation (higher in women with inadequate fish consumption), threatened pregnancy loss (higher in women with inadequate fish consumption), infant size (better in women with adequate fish consumption), and arterial O2 pressure (better in women with adequate fish consumption). In regard to the other components of the dietary pattern, no differences were observed but the adequacy of intake for grains and white meat was very poor (less than 5.0%). Conclusions Half of the women met the recommendations for fish intake during pregnancy and presented an overall healthier eating pattern but without statistical significance (AU)

Objetivo Evaluar el consumo de pescado en mujeres embarazadas y su asociación con la salud materno-infantil. Material y métodos En este estudio observacional llevado a cabo en el Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe de Valencia participaron 300 mujeres embarazadas. Las participantes se dividieron en dos grupos según su consumo de pescado durante el embarazo para comparar. Para las comparaciones de variables cualitativas y cuantitativas se aplicaron la prueba de χ2 o la ANOVA, respectivamente. Resultados Se observó que el 49% de las mujeres consumieron cantidades adecuadas de pescado durante el embarazo (2 o 3 raciones semanales). Se observaron diferencias significativas para la suplementación con hierro (mayor en mujeres con consumo inadecuado de pescado), amenaza de pérdida del embarazo (mayor en mujeres con consumo inadecuado de pescado), tamaño del bebé (mejor en mujeres con consumo adecuado de pescado) y presión arterial de O2 (mejor en mujeres con consumo adecuado de pescado). En cuanto a los demás componentes del patrón dietético, no se observaron diferencias, pero la adecuación del consumo de cereales y de carnes blancas fue muy pobre (menos del 5,0%). Conclusiones La mitad de las mujeres cumplían con las recomendaciones de consumo de pescado durante el embarazo y presentaban un patrón alimentario globalmente más saludable, pero sin significación estadística (AU)

Fish intake in pregnant women and its impact on maternal-fetal health status.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate the consumption of fish in pregnant women and its association with maternal and infant outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this observational study carried out at the La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital in Valencia, 300 pregnant women participated. The participants were divided into 2 groups according to their fish consumption during pregnancy for comparison. The χ2 test or ANOVA test were applied for comparisons for qualitative and quantitative variables respectively. RESULTS: It was observed that 49% of women consumed adequate amounts of fish during pregnancy (2 or 3 weekly servings). Significant differences were observed for iron supplementation (higher in women with inadequate fish consumption), threatened pregnancy loss (higher in women with inadequate fish consumption), infant size (better in women with adequate fish consumption), and arterial O2 pressure (better in women with adequate fish consumption). In regard to the other components of the dietary pattern, no differences were observed but the adequacy of intake for grains and white meat was very poor (less than 5.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Half of the women met the recommendations for fish intake during pregnancy and presented an overall healthier eating pattern but without statistical significance.

Social Isolation, Healthy Habits, Inequality and Mental Health in the United States.

The objective of this work is to deepen the analysis of the socioeconomic determinants of mental health, paying special attention to the impact of inequality, not only in income distribution but also in gender, racial, health and education inequality, social isolation, including new variables to measure loneliness, and healthy habits, on the mental health status. For this purpose, a cross-sectional model for a sample of 2735 counties in the United States is estimated using Ordinary Least Squares in its robust version to solve the detected heteroscedasticity problems. The results obtained show that inequality, social isolation and certain lifestyles, such as smoking or insomnia, are detrimental to mental health, while sexual activity prevents mental distress. On the other hand, poor counties suffer more cases of suicide, with food insecurity being the main problem for mental health. Finally, we found detrimental effects of pollution on mental health.

Motivation toward Physical Activity and Healthy Habits of Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

Adolescence is a transformative period in which rapid physical, cognitive and psychosocial growth takes place. Laying the foundation for healthy behaviors is paramount during these formative years. The aim of this review is to determine which countries are leading in research on adolescents' motivation towards physical activity and healthy habits and their main findings. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA statement using the Web of Science and Scopus databases during the months of September to December 2022. The search terms used were: "Physical activity", "Motivation" and "Adolescents", in the following research areas: Education, Educational Research and Sport Sciences. A total of 5594 articles were identified, but only those that met the established criteria were included (32 articles). It is concluded that most of the research is led in Spain with 16 articles, followed by 3 in Chile, 2 in Portugal, 2 in Norway and the rest of the countries with 1. Likewise, most of the works include very similar aspects regarding the incidence of motivation towards the adherence to the practice of Physical Activity and healthy habits.

[Qualitative study on food perceptions, dietary practices and healthy lifestyles in the adolescent population.] / Estudio cualitativo sobre las percepciones en alimentación, prácticas alimentarias y hábitos de vida saludables en población adolescente.

OBJECTIVE: Child and adolescent obesity is a biggest public health challenge. Adolescence is a critical stage for growth and development. The objective of the research was to explore and understand the perceptions of the adolescent population about eating and healthy lifestyle habits, and the identification of barriers and facilitators. METHODS: A multicenter qualitative research was made, in schoolchildren from twelve to fourteen years old, from four Secondary Schools, distributed in four municipalities. During the first quarter of the 2021-2022 school year, ten Discussion Groups were conducted, with 7-11 participants per group, and two ninety-minute work sessions per group. The proceedings were followed by two deliberative sessions. The Atlas.ti version 8 software was used for data content analysis, following the methodological recommendations of Mayring and Cáceres, and the open coding technique was used. RESULTS: A relationship was observed between the foods most consumed in the family home and the ones that teenagers liked most. Also the extracurricular sports activity was highlighted as the main source of physical activity as well as the connection between mental health and healthy practices, and the emphasis about the variety of foods, the importance given to sustainability and the relationship of an unhealthy diet with excess intake of sugar, sweets, soft drinks, fast food and fats. The family was revealed as one of the most influential factors, followed by professionals, the media and high schools. Among the perceived barriers were the socioeconomic level, lack of time, food supply in canteens and social pressure. CONCLUSIONS: The main barriers and motivations linked to the food environment, socioeconomic level, body image and emotional well-being are identified. Adolescents express interest in participating in public policies.

OBJETIVO: La obesidad infanto-juvenil supone un verdadero reto de Salud Pública. La adolescencia es una etapa crítica para el crecimiento y el desarrollo. El objetivo del estudio fue explorar y comprender las percepciones de la población adolescente sobre alimentación y hábitos de vida saludables, así como la identificación de barreras y elementos facilitadores. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo multicéntrico, en escolares de doce a catorce años, de cuatro Institutos de Educación Secundaria, distribuidos en cuatro municipios. Durante el primer trimestre del curso escolar 2021-2022 se realizaron diez grupos de discusión, con siete-once participantes por grupo, y dos sesiones de trabajo de noventa minutos de duración, por grupo. Fueron seguidos de dos sesiones deliberativas. Para el análisis del contenido de los datos se utilizó el software Atlas.ti versión 8, siguiendo las recomendaciones metodológicas de Mayring y Cáceres, y se empleó la técnica de codificación abierta. RESULTADOS: Se observó una relación entre los alimentos más consumidos en la vivienda familiar y los que más les gustaban, destacó la actividad extracurricular deportiva como la principal fuente de actividad física y la conexión entre la salud mental y las prácticas saludables, así como el énfasis que pusieron en la variedad de alimentos, la importancia concedida a la sostenibilidad y la relación de una alimentación no saludable con el exceso de azúcar, chucherías, refrescos, comida rápida y grasas. La familia se presentó como uno de los factores más influyentes, seguido de los profesionales, los medios de comunicación y el instituto. Entre las barreras percibidas destacaron: nivel socioeconómico, falta de tiempo, oferta de la cafetería del instituto y presión social. CONCLUSIONES: Se identifican las principales barreras y elementos facilitadores vinculados al entorno alimentario, nivel socioeconómico, imagen corporal y bienestar emocional. Los adolescentes expresan interés en participar en políticas públicas.

Estudio cualitativo sobre las percepciones en alimentación, prácticas alimentarias y hábitos de vida saludables en población adolescente / Qualitative study on food perceptions, dietary practices and healthy lifestyles in the adolescent population

Fundamentos: La obesidad infanto-juvenil supone un verdadero reto de Salud Pública. La adolescencia es una etapa crítica parael crecimiento y el desarrollo. El objetivo del estudio fue explorar y comprender las percepciones de la población adolescente sobrealimentación y hábitos de vida saludables, así como la identificación de barreras y elementos facilitadores.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo multicéntrico, en escolares de doce a catorce años, de cuatro Institutos de EducaciónSecundaria, distribuidos en cuatro municipios. Durante el primer trimestre del curso escolar 2021-2022 se realizaron diez grupos dediscusión, con siete-once participantes por grupo, y dos sesiones de trabajo de noventa minutos de duración, por grupo. Fueronseguidos de dos sesiones deliberativas. Para el análisis del contenido de los datos se utilizó el software Atlas.ti versión 8, siguiendolas recomendaciones metodológicas de Mayring y Cáceres, y se empleó la técnica de codificación abierta.Resultados: Se observó una relación entre los alimentos más consumidos en la vivienda familiar y los que más les gustaban,destacó la actividad extracurricular deportiva como la principal fuente de actividad física y la conexión entre la salud mental y lasprácticas saludables, así como el énfasis que pusieron en la variedad de alimentos, la importancia concedida a la sostenibilidad yla relación de una alimentación no saludable con el exceso de azúcar, chucherías, refrescos, comida rápida y grasas. La familia sepresentó como uno de los factores más influyentes, seguido de los profesionales, los medios de comunicación y el instituto. Entre lasbarreras percibidas destacaron: nivel socioeconómico, falta de tiempo, oferta de la cafetería del instituto y presión social.Conclusiones: Se identifican las principales barreras y elementos facilitadores vinculados al entorno alimentario...(AU)

Background: Child and adolescent obesity is a biggest public health challenge. Adolescence is a critical stage for growth anddevelopment. The objective of the research was to explore and understand the perceptions of the adolescent population about eatingand healthy lifestyle habits, and the identification of barriers and facilitators.Methods: A multicenter qualitative research was made, in schoolchildren from twelve to fourteen years old, from four SecondarySchools, distributed in four municipalities. During the first quarter of the 2021-2022 school year, ten Discussion Groups were conducted,with 7-11 participants per group, and two ninety-minute work sessions per group. The proceedings were followed by two deliberativesessions. The Atlas.ti version 8 software was used for data content analysis, following the methodological recommendations of Mayringand Cáceres, and the open coding technique was used.Results: A relationship was observed between the foods most consumed in the family home and the ones that teenagersliked most. Also the extracurricular sports activity was highlighted as the main source of physical activity as well as the connectionbetween mental health and healthy practices, and the emphasis about the variety of foods, the importance given to sustainabilityand the relationship of an unhealthy diet with excess intake of sugar, sweets, soft drinks, fast food and fats. The family was revealedas one of the most influential factors, followed by professionals, the media and high schools. Among the perceived barriers were thesocioeconomic level, lack of time, food supply in canteens and social pressure.Conclusions: The main barriers and motivations linked to the food environment, socioeconomic level, body image and emotio-nal well-being are identified. Adolescents express interest in participating in public policies.(AU)

Promoting Obesity Prevention and Healthy Habits in Childhood: The OCARIoT Experience.

OBJECTIVE: Long term behavioural disturbances and interventions in healthy habits (mainly eating and physical activity) are the primary cause of childhood obesity. Current approaches for obesity prevention based on health information extraction lack the integration of multi-modal datasets and the provision of a dedicated Decision Support System (DSS) for health behaviour assessment and coaching of children. METHODS: Continuous co-creation process has been applied in the frame of the Design Thinking Methodology, involving children, educators and healthcare professional in the whole process. Such considerations were used to derive the user needs and the technical requirements needed for the conception of the Internet of Things (IoT) platform based on microservices. RESULTS: To promote the adoption of healthy habits and the prevention of the obesity onset for children (9-12 years old), the proposed solution empowers children -including families and educators- in taking control of their health by collecting and following-up real-time information about nutrition, physical activity data coming from IoT devices, and interconnecting healthcare professionals to provide a personalised coaching solution. The validation has two phases involving +400 children (control/intervention group), on four schools in three countries: Spain, Greece and Brazil. The prevalence of obesity decreased in 75.5% from baseline levels in the intervention group. The proposed solution created a positive impression and satisfaction from the technology acceptance perspective. CONCLUSIONS: Main findings confirm that this ecosystem can assess behaviours of children, motivating and guiding them towards achieving personal goals. Clinical and Translational Impact Statement-This study presents Early Research on the adoption of a smart childhood obesity caring solution adopting a multidisciplinary approach; it involves researchers from biomedical engineering, medicine, computer science, ethics and education. The solution has the potential to decrease the obesity rates in children aiming to impact to get a better global health.

Preliminary study of the increase in health science students' body mass index during the Christmas holidays.

OBJECTIVES: There is a trend toward an increase in body mass index (BMI) among adolescents over the course of the year. This increase in BMI is more pronounced during vacation periods, when healthy habits are relaxed due to the increase in number of social, family, and festive events, with summer being the period with the greatest increase. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in weight during Christmas vacation. Changes in weight, BMI, and waist circumference were evaluated in association with adherence to the Mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet. METHODS: A total of 67 university students participated in this pilot study, 10 men (14.9%) and 57 women (85.1%), with a mean age of 20.37 y (±4.07 y). The first weigh-in was on the day before the start of vacation; there were two more during the vacation and a final one when students returned to the course. RESULTS: In general, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in body weight was found between the first measurement and the ensuing measurements during the holidays. The students with a high-fat diet presented with a more pronounced change in weight, with significant differences being found between weights 1 and 3 and between weights 1 and 4 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The data show that students gained a significant amount of weight during the Christmas holidays. Although the weight gain was not alarming, it does point to the possibility of weight gain among young adults during vacation periods and may reflect what happens in other social strata.

Las actitudes y autoconcepto físico como condicionantes de la práctica de actividad física / Atitudes e autoconceito físico como determinantes da prática da actividade física / Attitudes and physical self-concept as determinants of physical activity practice

La práctica habitual de actividad física (AF) en la adolescencia es elemental para gozar de buena salud a lo largo de la vida; por tanto, estudiar las variables que condicionan el comportamiento de esta es de gran importancia para reforzar o modificar oportunamente la conducta a fin de garantizar una sociedad más saludable. En ese sentido, el objetivo principal este estudio fue examinar la correlación y relación entre las actitudes y el autoconcepto físico con la práctica de AF en adolescentes peruanos. Se trata de una investigación empírica de corte asociativo en el que participaron 1264 escolares con edades entre 14 y 17 años (15.51±.94), provenientes de instituciones públicas y privadas de Lima y Callao, Perú, a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico, un cuestionario de actitudes hacia la práctica de actividad físico-deportiva, un cuestionario de autoconcepto físico y un inventario de actividad física habitual. Los resultados, en primer lugar, evidenciaron que la mayor puntuación de correlación entre las variables estudiadas se dio entre actitudes y práctica de AF (.511), que fue corroborada por un tamaño del efecto grande (.25). En segundo lugar, se encontró que el 25.1 % de la variabilidad de la práctica se debe a los cambios en las actitudes y el autoconcepto físico. Además, según el análisis de regresión múltiple el modelo planteado resultó ser válido (y = - .560 + .894x1+0.94x2). Así, por un lado, se explica que por cada punto que se aumenta en actitudes (x1), la práctica de AF aumenta .894 en promedio, manteniendo constante el autoconcepto físico (x2); por otro lado, por cada punto que se aumenta en autoconcepto físico (x2), la práctica de AF aumenta .94 en promedio, manteniendo constante las actitudes (x1). En conclusión, se demuestra que las actitudes y/o el autoconcepto físico de los adolescentes condicionan la práctica de AF. (AU)

The regular practice of physical activity (PA) in adolescence is essential for good health throughout life; therefore, studying the variables that condition PA behavior is of great importance to reinforce or modify behavior in a timely manner in order to guarantee a healthier society. In this sense, the main objective of this study was to examine the correlation and relationship between attitudes and physical self-concept with PA practice in Peruvian adolescents. This is an empirical research of an associative nature in which 1264 schoolchildren aged between 14 and 17 years (15.51±.94), from public and private institutions in Lima and Callao, Peru, participated in a sociodemographic questionnaire, a questionnaire of attitudes towards the practice of physical-sports activity, a physical self-concept questionnaire and an inventory of habitual physical activity. The results, firstly, showed that the highest correlation score between the variables studied was between attitudes and PA practice (.511), which was corroborated by a large effect size (.25). Second, 25.1 % of the variability in practice was found to be due to changes in attitudes and physical self-concept. In addition, according to the multiple regression analysis, the model proposed proved to be valid (y = -.560 + .894x1+0.94x2). Thus, on the one hand, it is explained that for eachpoint that is increased in attitudes (x1), PApractice increases .894 on average, keeping physical self-concept constant (x2); on the other hand, for each point thatis increased in physical self-concept (x2), PA practice increases .94 on average, keepingattitudes constant (x1). In conclusion, it isshown that the attitudes and/or physical self-concept of adolescents condition PA practice. (AU)

A prática regular da actividade física (AF) na adolescência é essencial para uma boa saúde ao longo da vida; por conseguinte, o estudo das variáveis que condicionam o comportamento da AF é de grande importância para reforçar ou modificar o comportamento de forma atempada, a fim de assegurar uma sociedade mais saudável. Neste sentido, o principal objectivo deste estudo era examinar a correlação e relação entre as atitudes e o autoconceito físico com a prática de AP em adolescentes peruanos. Trata-se de uma investigação empírica de natureza associativa na qual participaram 1264 alunos com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e os 17 anos (15,51±,94) de instituições públicas e privadas em Lima e Callao, Peru. Foi-lhes administrado um questionário sócio-demográfico, um questionário de atitudes relativamente à prática da actividade físico-desportiva, um questionário de auto-conceito físico e um inventário da actividade física habitual. Os resultados, em primeiro lugar, mostraram que a maior pontuação de correlação entre as variáveis estudadas foi entre as atitudes e a prática de AF (.511), o que foi corroborado por uma grande dimensão de efeito (.25). Em segundo lugar, verificou-se que 25,1% da variabilidade na prática era devida a mudanças de atitudes e autoconceito físico. Além disso, de acordo com a análise de regressão múltipla, o modelo foi considerado válido (y = -.560+ .894x1+0,94x2). Assim, por um lado, explica-se que para cada ponto que é aumentado em atitudes (x1), a prática de PA aumenta .894 em média, mantendo constante o autoconceito físico (x2); por outro lado, para cada ponto que é aumentado em autoconceito físico (x2), a prática de PA aumenta .94 em média, mantendo constantes as atitudes (x1). Em conclusão, é demonstrado que as atitudes e/ou o autoconceito físico dos adolescentes condicionam a prática de AP. (AU)

Promoting Physical Activity and Health in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study among University Workers, Spain.

The social changes we have been experiencing in recent years are generating anxiety that, together with sedentary lifestyles and poor health habits, are leading to premature ageing of society, in addition to the high rates of obesity and associated morbidity. In order to improve the lifestyles of the university community, the objective of this research project was the implementation of the UAL Activa programme based on physical activity. The beneficiaries were UAL staff from different sections, a total of 68 participants aged between 28 and 61 years (Mage = 49.36). Additionally, a total of 12 final year students of the degree in physical activity and sport sciences were responsible for designing and developing the exercise tasks. In-depth interviews were held with the participants of this project about the different benefits that their participation had brought them. The results obtained from the analysis with Nvivo v.10. showed five thematic blocks on the perceived improvements in physical fitness, physical condition, mood and emotional state, assessment of the new lifestyle, and social relations. In conclusion, the benefits of physical activity and the need to continue implementing action and intervention plans to encourage and promote its practice in all sectors of the population were highlighted.

Effects of a Physical Exercise Programme through Service-Learning Methodology on Physical Activity, Physical Fitness and Perception of Physical Fitness and Health in University Students from Spain: A Preliminary Study.

The practice of physical activity has been reported on countless occasions for the benefits it has on people's holistic health. However, today's society has high levels of inactivity and sedentary lifestyles, which highlights the importance of promoting active and healthy states in the population. As a mechanism to improve body composition, physical condition and perceived values of one's own physical condition and health status, the implementation of a strength training programme in the university community was proposed using a methodology based on Service-Learning. The participants were 12 students as coaches and 57 students from different university degrees as coachees (17 boys and 40 girls); the ages of the participants ranged from 18 to 33 years (M = 22.00; SD = 2.96). The variables of body composition, physical fitness, physical activity level and perception of fitness and health were assessed. Differences between pre- and post-intervention results were analysed using the Student's t-test and Wilcoxon test for ordinal self-perception variables. The results showed significant improvements in all the variables evaluated after the intervention. In conclusion, we would like to highlight the benefits of physical activity and the need to continue implementing action and intervention plans to encourage and promote its practice in all sectors of the population.