Hope for Latino immigrant youth: A longitudinal test of Snyder's Children's Hope Scale.

Objective: To examine the psychometric properties of Snyder's Children's Hope Scale (CHS) with first- and second-generation Latino immigrant youth, using item response theory, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and measurement invariance tests. Background: Stress experienced by youth in 2020 has heightened interest in resilience factors such as hope. The CHS is widely used to measure hope but has not been validated for longitudinal assessments with immigrant populations. Methods: Participants were 233 low socioeconomic status first- and second-generation Latino immigrant youth (50.43% female, 62% U.S.-born, and 81% of Mexican heritage). Data were collected at two timepoints spanning 4 weeks. Results: Rather than the original six-item two-dimensional scale, our results supported a four-item one-dimensional scale, with excellent model fit, strong invariance across time, by gender and generation status, good reliability (α = .81), and the expected negative association with stress. Conclusions: The four-item Hope scale is suitable for longitudinal assessments with first- and second-generation Latino immigrant populations and can be used for examining differences by gender and generation status in research and practice to assess youth resilience. Implications: This study underscores the need for practitioners and researchers to rigorously investigate the psychometric properties of a measure before its use with diverse populations.

Hope and healthy lifestyle behaviors in older adulthood.

OBJECTIVES: Hope has been associated with better health and social well-being outcomes, including emotional adjustment, positive affect, life satisfaction, reduced risk of all-cause mortality, and increased physical activity, yet how hope as a construct impacts these health benefits in older adults is not very well-understood. This study examined: (1) the relationship between hope and health behaviors in older adults; (2) how this relationship may differ across different socio-demographic groups; and (3) how hope relates to perceived future selves among older adults. METHODS: The study used cross-sectional data from 711 community-dwelling adults aged ≥55 years (280 men, 431 women). Survey measures included the Snyder Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS) and the Herth Hope Index (HHI), a health behaviors checklist, self-reported health, and a future self-scale. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multiple regressions. RESULTS: Hope was positively associated with healthy behaviors in older adults. Participants with higher levels of hope also reported more positive future selves and better health. The associations were similar across different racial/ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study fills an important gap in our understanding of hope and its association with health behaviors in community-dwelling older adults. These findings highlight a need to promote hope in older adults in order to enhance their sense of well-being.

Research Protocol of the Polish Adaptation and Validation of HOPE Scale: Qualitative Measurement of Patients' Spiritual Needs.

Background: The HOPE Scale by Gowri Anandarajah is a qualitative tool for examining and assessing the spiritual needs of sick people, which can be used by health care professionals, but also other personnel whose purpose is to support the patient during illness. Aim: The aim of this study was the cultural adaptation and validation of a qualitative tool for examining the spiritual needs of patients. Methods: A six-step procedure was adopted with the inclusion of four independent forward and two backward translations and cognitive debriefing of the Polish version with experts (n = 11) and chronically ill patients (n = 15). These methods were used to verify a semantic validation and comprehensibility of the HOPE scale according to the standards of cultural measure validation and adaptation. Bioethics Committee approval No KE-0254/222/2020. Results: No major problems were encountered during the process of straightforward and backward translation, and the suggested minor linguistic corrections were made. The HOPE scale was found to be comprehensible and readable by experts and patients, and the instructions were clear and did not pose any difficulties for the respondents. Following the six steps of the validation, the final Polish version of the HOPE scale was obtained, adapted stylistically and culturally to Polish conditions. Conclusions: The Polish version of the HOPE scale is culturally and linguistically adapted and is ready to be used for assessing patients' spiritual needs. The scale can be used both for research and in practice when working with chronically ill people.

Children's Hope in South Africa: A Population-Based Study.

A growing body of research has provided evidence for the cognitive motivational construct of hope as a psychological strength, particularly for children in adverse social circumstances. In children, hope is defined as a set of cognitions focused on children's agency to contemplate workable goals, to identify pathways to achieve those goals and the intrinsic beliefs about their capacity to activate sustained movement toward those goals. Using data from the third wave of the Children's Worlds International Survey on Children's Well-Being, the study aimed to explore children's hope amongst a random population-based sample of children in South Africa. The study further aimed to explore children's level of hope across the nine provincial regions of South Africa. Data were collected using Snyder et al.'s (1997) Children's Hope Scale (CHS). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to analyze the data, with multi-group CFA used to analyze the data across provincial regions. The study found an appropriate fit structure for the CHS using the overall pooled sample. The mean score on the CHS for the national sample was of 4.781 (SD = 1.082). Measurement invariance demonstrated the tenability of scalar invariance, which indicates comparability across correlations, regressions and mean scores. Mean scores ranged from 4.511 (SD = 1.163) for the Northern Cape to 4.982. (SD = 0.974) for the Western Cape. Five provinces (Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, Free State, Mpumalanga, and KwaZulu Natal) scored below the national mean, while four provinces (North West, Western Cape, Limpopo, and Gauteng) scored above.

The study of life expectancy in hysterectomized women in Semnan Amir Al Momenin Hospital in 2017.

INTRODUCTION: Hysterectomy as kind of surgery in which the uterus is removed, is carried out in a very high number around the world. Uterus is important because of its impact on feminism and fertility, so the exit of this important organ can lead to many physical and mental disorders. These mental disorders can affect the quality of life of patients and ultimately lead to a reduction in the hope of their lives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was cross sectional on 50 women under hysterectomy referred to the Semnan Amir-Al-Momenin hospital in 2017, in which patients were evaluated in terms of effective subsets of life expectancy that were determined from the angle of view of miller questionnaire, and finally the data were analyzed by SPSS v. 19. RESULTS: The results showed that there is no significant difference between hope to life before and after hysterectomy in those who underwent hysterectomy. The results of our study showed that age, occupation, and education factors in patients who participated in this study did not have any meaningful relation with life expectancy after hysterectomy surgery and there was also a statistically significant correlation between the scores of hope for life before hysterectomy with the rate of education in individuals. CONCLUSION: Hysterectomy does not affect the patients' quality of live and don't reduce the hope of living in people who underwent surgery.

Effects of perceived social status and discrimination on hope and empowerment among individuals with serious mental illnesses.

Hope and empowerment are key elements of recovery in the context of serious mental illnesses (SMI). We examined predictors of hope among individuals with SMI and tested a hypothesized path model in which perceived social status and perceived discrimination adversely impact hope, directly and through their impacts on depressive symptoms. Data from 232 individuals with SMI receiving care in public-sector settings were used in both a multiple linear regression (predicting Herth Hope Scale scores), and in path analyses examining both direct and indirect effects of perceived social status (Social Status Ladder) and perceived discrimination (Everyday Discrimination Scale). Depressive symptoms, perceived social status, and perceived discrimination were predictive of hope. Path analyses revealed that perceived social status has a direct effect on hope and empowerment but also impacts hope through its effects on depression. Similarly, perceived everyday discrimination affects hope and empowerment, though this effect is mediated through its effects on depression. Two alternative models and a trimmed hypothesized model did not fit the data or improve fit. These social determinants of mental health should provoke program and policy change to improve mental health and enhance recovery among persons with SMI.

Measuring hope amongst Tanzanian women who participate in microfinance: An evaluation of the Snyder hope scale.

Measuring hope reliably and accurately remains an important research objective, not least in less prosperous settings where 'holding on to hope' may be critically important in the struggle against adverse life conditions. The State Hope Scale was designed for use in the US. Despite reported application in diverse cultures and using translations the scale has not been extensively validated outside US populations. This study contributes to a larger project exploring the measurement of hope and provides a critique of Snyder's scale as used in a Tanzanian female population of 1021 urban microfinance participants. We evaluate the scale's validity through assessment of the empirical distribution of scores, item response profiles, internal consistency and discriminatory ability. Participants mostly scored very high and many reached very near the maximum attainable score. Hardly any endorsed the negative half of the response scale. Several problems are discussed including poor discrimination and strong evidence of acquiescence response bias. We also found little association of the scale scores with hypothesised correlates of hope. Future improvements on the measurement of hope are recommended, especially in studies outside the narrow Western context in which the scale was devised.

Validation of the Malay Version of the Snyder Hope Scale Among Malaysian Cancer Patients / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

@#Hope leads to lower depression and anxiety and is associated with improved quality of life of cancer patients. In thisstudy, Hope Scale (HS) was translated into Malay, and the psychometric properties of the Malay version of the HopeScale were investigated among Malaysian cancer patients. Concurrent translation and back translation of the originalEnglish version of the Hope Scale were performed, and the Malay version was administered to 195 cancer patientswith different cancer diagnoses at baseline assessment and 2 months later at follow-up. The Hope Scale (Malay) totalscore (Cronbach’s α = 0.72; intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.67) and its domains (Cronbach’s α [pathway] =0.7; Cronbach’s α [agency] = 0.7; ICC[Pathway] = 0.64; ICC[Agency] = 0.70) demonstrated acceptable internal consistencies andtest-retest reliability. Convergent and discriminant validities were also achieved by the Hope Scale (Malay). The HopeScale (Malay) demonstrated construct validity, as confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the items in the HopeScale (Malay) best fit into two domains, which was true for the original English version. The Hope Scale (Malay) hadacceptable psychometric properties and thus is suitable for assessing hope in Malaysian cancer patients.

Designing and validation: a questionnaire of hope for family members of patients hospitalized in intensive care unit.

BACKGROUND: Families of patients are faced with stressors in the intensive care unit (ICU) that cannot be controlled sometimes. Having hope is one of the strategies for obtaining self-control in patients' families, which deals with such situations. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to design and validate a questionnaire of hope for family members of patients hospitalized in intensive care units. METHODS: This study was conducted for family members of patients hospitalized in the intensive care units of Kurdistan and Tehran provinces, in Iran, between the years 2015-2016. In this study, 126 family members were selected using convenience sampling. The study was conducted using a questionnaire of hope scale for family members of patients hospitalized in intensive care units and demographic characteristics. During the study, construct and criterion validity of the tool was determined. The Reliability was determined using internal consistency and test-retest coefficient. Data were analyzed through factor analysis, correlation coefficient and Cronbach's alpha. Construct validity of the scale was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). RESULTS: Participants in this study included 12 family members of patients hospitalized in the intensive care units. Cronbach's alpha coefficients obtained from analysis of questionnaires completed by family members of patients was 0.916. Cronbach's alpha under the first scale (compatibility) was 0.898, Cronbach's alpha of the second subscale (self-confidence) was 87%, Cronbach's alpha under the third subscale (Sense of responsibility) was 0.770. The fourth subscale (Looking to the future) was 0.571. Pearson correlation coefficients between the scores obtained from two family members responses to the hope scale were 0.939 which showed that scale stability was average. As a result, exploratory factor analysis, four factors were found that were named according to the statements of each group. CONCLUSION: Consistency coefficients between the two tests was 0.939 that the stability over time the questionnaire was confirmed. A questionnaire of hope in the intensive care unit can measure different dimensions of hope to the families of these patients and help to improve the care of these patients. Validity and reliability of "scale for hope of families of these patients" was appropriate and it could be used to measure hope in families of these patients.

Native American Children and Their Reports of Hope: Construct Validation of the Children's Hope Scale.

Child reports of hope continue to be utilized as predictors of positive adjustment; however, the utilization of the hope construct has not been assessed within the culturally diverse Native American child group. The present study investigated the applicability of the Hope theory among 96 Native American children in the Midwest. Measures included the Children's Hope Scale and a Hope Interview. Native American children in the current sample appear to conceptualize hope as a way to reach goals as did the children in the normative sample. Results from the factor analysis demonstrate that the factor structure found in the current study was similar to the factor structure found in the standardization sample. Because of the similar Hope theory conceptualization and factor structure, interventions focused on the positive psychology construct of hope may be applicable within a Native American child population.

Adaptation and validation of the dispositional hope scale for adolescents / Adaptação e validação da escala de esperança disposicional para adolescentes

This paper describes the psychometric features and the validation process of the Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS) for adolescents in the south of Brazil. This scale measures the Hope construct in terms of pathways and agency. The ADHS was translated to Portuguese and underwent a reverse translation. A sample of 450 students, from 14 to 18 years old (M=16.8 years, SD=3.4, 56% female), answered the ADHS, the Hope Index, the LOT-R and the Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale. A factorial analysis with varimax rotation showed that the scale is unidimensional and that its internal consistency was adequate (Cronbach's alpha = .80). No significant gender differences were found. Correlations of ADHS with the other constructs presented evidence of convergent validity in the present study.(AU)

Este trabalho descreve o processo de validação e características psicométricas da Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS) para adolescentes do sul do Brasil. Esta escala avalia o construto Esperança em termos de rotas e agenciamento. A ADHS foi traduzida para o português e submetida a uma tradução reversa. Uma amostra de 450 estudantes entre 14 e 18 anos de idade (M=16,8, DP=3,4, 56% do sexo feminino) responderam a ADHS, a Hope Index, o LOT-R e a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg. A analise fatorial com rotação varimax mostrou que o instrumento é unidimensional e que sua consistência interna é adequada (Alfa de Cronbach=0,80. Não foram encontradas diferenças entre os gêneros. As correlações da ADHS com outros construtos conferem evidências de validade convergente ao estudo.(AU)

Adaptation and validation of the dispositional hope scale for adolescents / Adaptação e validação da escala de esperança disposicional para adolescentes

This paper describes the psychometric features and the validation process of the Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS) for adolescents in the south of Brazil. This scale measures the Hope construct in terms of pathways and agency. The ADHS was translated to Portuguese and underwent a reverse translation. A sample of 450 students, from 14 to 18 years old (M=16.8 years, SD=3.4, 56% female), answered the ADHS, the Hope Index, the LOT-R and the Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale. A factorial analysis with varimax rotation showed that the scale is unidimensional and that its internal consistency was adequate (Cronbach's alpha = .80). No significant gender differences were found. Correlations of ADHS with the other constructs presented evidence of convergent validity in the present study...

Este trabalho descreve o processo de validação e características psicométricas da Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS) para adolescentes do sul do Brasil. Esta escala avalia o construto Esperança em termos de rotas e agenciamento. A ADHS foi traduzida para o português e submetida a uma tradução reversa. Uma amostra de 450 estudantes entre 14 e 18 anos de idade (M=16,8, DP=3,4, 56% do sexo feminino) responderam a ADHS, a Hope Index, o LOT-R e a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg. A analise fatorial com rotação varimax mostrou que o instrumento é unidimensional e que sua consistência interna é adequada (Alfa de Cronbach=0,80. Não foram encontradas diferenças entre os gêneros. As correlações da ADHS com outros construtos conferem evidências de validade convergente ao estudo...