Postoperative GH and Degree of Reduction in IGF-1 Predicts Postoperative Hormonal Remission in Acromegaly.

Purpose: Determine predictive factors for long-term remission of acromegaly after transsphenoidal resection of growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenomas. Methods: We identified 94 patients who had undergone transsphenoidal resection of GH-secreting pituitary adenomas for treatment of acromegaly at the USC Pituitary Center from 1999-2019 to determine the predictive value of postoperative endocrine lab values. Results: Patients underwent direct endoscopic endonasal (60%), microscopic transsphenoidal (38%), and extended endoscopic approaches (2%). The cohort was 63% female and 37% male, with average age of 48.9 years. Patients presented with acral enlargement (72, 77%), macroglossia (40, 43%), excessive sweating (39, 42%), prognathism (38, 40%) and frontal bossing (35, 37%). Seventy-five (80%) were macroadenomas and 19 (20%) were microadenomas. Cavernous sinus invasion was present in 45%. Available immunohistochemical data demonstrated GH staining in 88 (94%) and prolactin in 44 (47%). Available postoperative MRI demonstrated gross total resection in 63% of patients and subtotal resection in 37%. Most patients (66%) exhibited hormonal remission at 12 weeks postoperatively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated postoperative day 1 (POD1) GH levels ≥1.55ng/mL predicted failure to remit from surgical resection alone (59% specificity, 75% sensitivity). A second ROC curve showed decrease in corrected insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels of at least 37% prognosticated biochemical control (90% sensitivity, 80% specificity). Conclusion: POD1 GH and short-term postoperative IGF-1 levels can be used to successfully predict immediate and long-term hormonal remission respectively. A POD1 GH cutoff can identify patients likely to require adjuvant therapy to emphasize clinical follow-up.

Cura bioquímica en pacientes con adenomas de la hipófisis productores de hormona de crecimiento con tratamiento quirúrgico y radioterapéutico: experiencia de 7 años / Biochemical cure in patients with growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma treated with surgery and radiotherapy: 7 years experience

Introducción: Los adenomas de la hipófisis representan el 10 al 25 por ciento de las neoplasias intracraneales. La acromegalia es definida como el crecimiento anormal y exagerado de las extremidades, producido por la sobresecreción de hormona de crecimiento. Es una enfermedad rara con una prevalencia de 60 por millón y una incidencia de 3-4 nuevos casos por millón por año. Métodos: Se incluyeron 59 pacientes con diagnóstico de acromegalia, en el periodo de 2000-2007. Evaluamos la respuesta endocrinológica al tratamiento, basado en el análisis clínico, de imagen y bioquímica de GH e IGF-1. Resultados: Los resultados revelaron reducción de GH y de IGF-1, 67 por ciento con niveles por debajo de 2.5ng/ml de GH, 58 por ciento con niveles de IGF-1 por debajo de 250 ng/ml. 15 pacientes (25 por ciento) presentaron criterios clínicos y bioquímicos de cura, 7 (46 por ciento) posterior al procedimiento quirúrgico, 4 (27 por ciento) posterior a cirugía y radioterapia, 3 (20 por ciento) cirugía más radiocirugía, y un paciente (7 por ciento) requirió los tres procedimientos. 23 pacientes (39 por ciento), no presentaron niveles significativos de reducción y fueron considerados no curados. Conclusiones: Estos resultados sugieren que la acromegalia continua siendo una enfermedad que requiere un tratamiento multimodal, sospecha clínica y búsqueda acuciosa para un diagnóstico temprano, a fin de obtener mejores resultados en estos pacientes. La cirugía continúa siendo el tratamiento primario de la acromegalia secundaria a adenomas de la hipófisis productores de GH. En pacientes con lesiones extensas o invasión se cuenta con nuevas terapias como la radiocirugía y continúan desarrollándose tratamientos médicos con excelentes resultados adyuvantes en el tratamiento.

Introduction: Pituitary adenomas account for the 10-25 percent of intracranial tumors. Acromegaly is defined as abnormal and excessive growth of the extremities, caused by growth hormone oversecretion. It is a rare disease with a prevalence of 60 per million and an incidence of 3-4 new cases per million per year. Methods: We included 59 patients diagnosed with acromegaly, in the period 2000-2007. Endocrinology assess, response to treatment based on clinical analysis, imaging and biochemical GH and IGF-1. Results: The results showed reduction of GH and IGF-1, 67 percent with levels below 2.5ng/ml of GH, 58 percent with IGF-1 levels below 250 ng/ml. 15 patients (25 percent) had clinical and biochemical criteria for cure, 7 (46 percent) after the surgical procedure, 4 (27 percent) after surgery and radiotherapy, 3 (20 percent) surgery over radiosurgery, and one patient (7 percent) required three procedures. 23 patients (39 percent) showed no significant levels of reduction and were considered not cured. Conclusions: These results suggest that the acromegaly remains a disease that requires a multimodal treatment, clinical suspicion and thorough search for an early diagnosis in order to obtain better results in these patients. Surgery remains the primary treatment of acromegaly secondary to pituitary adenomas producing GH. In patients with extensive lesions or invasion we have new therapies such as radiosurgery and continue to develop medical treatments with excellent results in the adjuvant treatment.