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Introduction: Reinforcement learning has been widely used in robot motion planning. However, for multi-step complex tasks of dual-arm robots, the trajectory planning method based on reinforcement learning still has some problems, such as ample exploration space, long training time, and uncontrollable training process. Based on the dual-agent depth deterministic strategy gradient (DADDPG) algorithm, this study proposes a motion planning framework constrained by the human joint angle, simultaneously realizing the humanization of learning content and learning style. It quickly plans the coordinated trajectory of dual-arm for complex multi-step tasks. Methods: The proposed framework mainly includes two parts: one is the modeling of human joint angle constraints. The joint angle is calculated from the human arm motion data measured by the inertial measurement unit (IMU) by establishing a human-robot dual-arm kinematic mapping model. Then, the joint angle range constraints are extracted from multiple groups of demonstration data and expressed as inequalities. Second, the segmented reward function is designed. The human joint angle constraint guides the exploratory learning process of the reinforcement learning method in the form of step reward. Therefore, the exploration space is reduced, the training speed is accelerated, and the learning process is controllable to a certain extent. Results and discussion: The effectiveness of the framework was verified in the gym simulation environment of the Baxter robot's reach-grasp-align task. The results show that in this framework, human experience knowledge has a significant impact on the guidance of learning, and this method can more quickly plan the coordinated trajectory of dual-arm for multi-step tasks.
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In order to speed up the review and approval of new drugs of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in China, it is accelerating the construction of TCM registration review evidence system, which combines the theory of TCM, human experience and clinical trials, and optimizing the technical requirements for the review of and approval of new drugs of TCM based on ancient classic prescriptions, famous old Chinese medicine prescriptions, and medical institution preparations. The United States has strict requirements on the application for the marketing of herbal medicines. According to the characteristics of herbal medicines and combined with human experience, the European Union has classified registration management, reflecting the regulatory concept of inheritance and innovation. TCM has a long history of human use experience in China, its application has a scope of application, basic requirements, and it is necessary to classify and exempt the declaration materials according to the evidence grading evaluation standards. When the ethics committee reviews the research scheme of human experience of TCM, it should pay attention to the review points such as scientific basis for new drugs or prescriptions of TCM, clinical positioning, applicable population, effectiveness and safety information, research design, sample size, conflict of interest management and informed consent. Finally, Human experience is helpful to formulate the research scheme of new drugs of TCM, which can not only improve the success rate of research and development, but also reduces the cost of research and development, accelerate the marketing of new drugs of TCM, and can benefit more patients.
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Patients with cancer-related fatigue are prone to symptoms and signs such as anorexia， weight loss， and abdominal distension， which seriously reduces the quality of life and becomes an independent risk factor affecting the survival rate of patients with malignant tumors. Therefore， it is urgent to find effective treatment strategies and drugs. In the past， the academic viewpoint of improving syndromes—a new strategy for tumor treatment was proposed based on the guidance of the Luobing theory. Based on this， this article proposes the pathogenesis of cancer-related fatigue is characterized by spleen and kidney deficiency， stasis and toxin internal obstruction， as well as the treatment method of strengthening the spleen and tonifying the kidney， resolving blood stasis and detoxification guided by the core theory of the Qiluo doctrine of Chengzhi Tiaoping. The representative drug Yangzheng Xiaoji capsules has been developed， not only has good therapeutic effect on solid tumors， but also shows good advantages in treating cancer-related fatigue， which can help to restore the homeostasis of tumor bearing survival in patients with malignant tumors and provide new drug choices for the clinical treatment of cancer-related fatigue.
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Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging technology used in various domains such as medicine, psychotherapy, architecture, and gaming. Recently, software engineering researchers have started to explore virtual reality as a tool for programmers. However, few studies examine source code comprehension in VR. This paper explores the human experience of comprehending source code in VR and compares it to source code comprehension in a desktop environment. We conducted a study with 26 graduate student programmers. We measured actual productivity, perceived productivity and used the NASA Task Load Index (TLX) survey to measure various factors such as mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, performance, effort, and frustration. We found that the programmers experienced more physical demand, effort, and overall task load when reading and comprehending code in VR. However, we did not observe any statistically significant differences in the programmers' measured productivity or perceived productivity between VR and desktop comprehension.
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The three human at-rest postures of sitting, standing, and lying are basic, recurring features of human behavior and may reasonably be called primary postures. The three postures share the property of being stable through time, but they are also differentiated in terms of their overall shape, their physiological properties, and typical associated behaviors such as the association of sitting with social interaction, and lying with sleeping. The experiential realities of the three postures underlie and motivate a range of cross-linguistic phenomena involving morphemes with meanings of "sit", "stand," and "lie". The relevant linguistic phenomena include higher frequencies of occurrence compared with other kinds of posture verbs and differential behavior with respect to some morphosyntactic patterns involving notions such as agentivity. The posture morphemes can also be the source for a variety of semantic extensions reflecting experiential realities of the postures, such as the extension of "lie" to mean "sleep" in some languages. Extensions also include grammaticalizations of the posture morphemes to locative and aspectual markers which reflect the temporal stability and spatial fixedness of the postures themselves. This article is categorized under: Linguistics > Cognitive Linguistics Linguistics > Language in Mind and Brain.
Subject(s)
Motivation , Posture , Brain , Humans , Linguistics , Posture/physiology , SleepABSTRACT
El texto presenta la génesis y la importancia del concepto de "Sentimiento Oceánico" en Pierre Hadot. Más allá de un conocido historiador de las ideas, Hadot posee una contribución filosófica fecunda, que se desborda entre la fenomenología y la filosofía histórica, en una visión práctica de la experiencia y de la actividad humanas. El núcleo de esta visión se inspira en una concepción particular de la relación entre el hombre y la realidad, que él desarrolla alrededor de una progresión de experiencias, refinando el concepto de "Sentimiento Oceánico", que toma prestado de otros autores. En este texto presentamos esa elaboración, que Hadot ejecuta hundiendo experiencia y reflexión. Aún, argumentamos que es de ahí que se erige su merecimiento de un hogar especial en la historia del siglo veinte: en espacio intersticial entre la historia y la experiencia, para hacer filosofía. En el primer momento de este texto partimos de escritos y entrevistas de Hadot para presentar la génesis de la noción de "Sentimiento Oceánico" en su obra. En seguida, planteamos en grandes rasgos la densidad del concepto, que sirve a la reflexión filosófica, y que además posee un gran potencial para el estudio de la experiencia humana. (AU)
O texto apresenta a gênese e a importância do conceito de "Sentimento Oceânico" em Pierre Hadot. Além de ser um conhecido historiador das ideias, Hadot possui uma contribuição filosófica fecunda, que se desdobra entre a fenomenologia e a filosofia histórica, em uma visão prática da experiência e atividade humanas. O núcleo desta visão se inspira em uma concepção particular da relação entre homem e realidade, que ele elabora ao redor de uma progressão de experiências, refinando o conceito de "Sentimento Oceânico", que toma de empréstimo a outros autores. Neste texto apresentamos essa elaboração, em que Hadot entrelaça experiência e reflexão. Ainda, argumentamos que é daí que surge seu merecimento de um espaço especial na filosofia do século vinte: o espaço intersticial entre a história e a experiência, para o fazer intelectual e a reflexão filosófica. No primeiro momento do artigo, partimos de textos e entrevistas de Hadot para apresentar a gênese da noção de "Sentimento Oceânico" em sua obra. Em seguida, elaboramos grandes traços à densidade do conceito, que serve à reflexão filosófica e que, ademais, possui um grande potencial para o estudo da experiência humana. (AU)
The text presents the genesis and importance of the concept of "Oceanic Feeling", based on Pierre Hadot. Beyond a well-known historian of ideas, Hadot is a consistent philosopher, holding the heritage of a contribution, which straddles between phenomenology and historical philosophy, in a practical vision of human experience and activity. The core of this vision is inspired by a particular conception of the relationship between man and reality, which he develops around a progression of experiences, refining the concept of "Oceanic Feeling", which he borrows from other authors. In this text we present that elaboration, which Hadot executes linking experience and reflection. Still, we argue that it is from there that one can support the merit of Hadot for a special place in the history of the twentieth century: in an interstitial space between history and experience, to do philosophy. In the first moment of this text we start from Hadot's writings and interviews to present the genesis of the notion of "Oceanic Feeling" in his work. Next, we outline in broad strokes the density of the concept, which serves philosophical reflection, and which also has great potential for the study of human experience. (AU)
Subject(s)
Philosophy , Philosophy/historyABSTRACT
Zagaria, Andó and Zennaro (2020) provide a useful analysis of the current state of affairs in the discipline of psychology. They conclude that psychology is in a messy and unproductive pre-pragmatic state and suggest that evolutionary psychology can provide a needed metatheoretical perspective to enable psychology to move forward as a science. In my commentary I move to another direction and suggest that psychology does not need more solid foundations, but rather foundations characterized by reflective stance towards its phenomena, theories, methods and data production processes. I suggest that this kind of stance would be in accordance with the process ontological perspective that allows focusing on meaningful human experience as central object of study for psychology, together with an idiographic approach to research. I thus suggest that psychology will endure only by turning its reflective gaze towards oneself, by thinking about its past, imagining its future and constructing novelty from the creative assemblage of the two.
Subject(s)
Biological Evolution , Clay , HumansABSTRACT
The patient experience is now globally recognized as an independent dimension of health-care quality. However, although patients, providers, health-care managers, and policy-makers agree on its importance, there is no standardized definition of the patient experience. A clear understanding of the basic concepts that make up the foundation of the patient experience is more important than a statement defining the patient experience. The fundamental nature of health care involves people taking care of other people in unique times of distress. Thus, the human experience is at the very core of understanding what the patient experience is. This article reviews a framework of the basic human experience of patients as they progress from being unique, healthy individuals to a state of experiencing both disease and health-care services. This novel framework naturally leads to a basic understanding of the patient experience as a human experience of health-care services.
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Chinese medicine preparations in medical institutions are an important reservoir for new traditional Chinese medicines. The management basis for the registration and filing of Chinese medicine preparations in medical institutions are sorted out, and the general situation is analyzed, and the current filing information and technical requirements of Chinese medicine preparations in medical institutions and new traditional Chinese medicine compound preparations are compared. The purpose is to understand the variety of Chinese medicine preparations in medical institutions and the potential issues in the application materials, and to provide reference for better application of human experience and exemption from the application materials of new traditional Chinese medicines derived from Chinese medicine preparations in medical institutions.
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Context is an important construct in many domains of cognition, including learning, memory, and emotion. We used dynamical systems methods to demonstrate the episodic nature of experience by showing a natural separation between the scales over which within-context and between-context relationships operate. To do this, we represented an individual's emails extending over about 5 years in a high-dimensional semantic space and computed the dimensionalities of the subspaces occupied by these emails. Personal discourse has a two-scaled geometry with smaller within-context dimensionalities than between-context dimensionalities. Prior studies have shown that reading experience (Doxas, Dennis, & Oliver, 2010) and visual experience (Sreekumar, Dennis, Doxas, Zhuang, & Belkin, 2014) have a similar two-scaled structure. Furthermore, the recurrence plot of the emails revealed that experience is predictable and hierarchical, supporting the constructs of some influential theories of memory. The results demonstrate that experience is not scale-free and provide an important target for accounts of how experience shapes cognition.
Subject(s)
Cognition/physiology , Interpersonal Relations , Learning/physiology , Memory/physiology , Attention/physiology , Emotions/physiology , Humans , Neuropsychological TestsABSTRACT
A number of projects exist that are investigating the ability to restore visual percepts for individuals who are blind through a visual prosthesis. While many projects have reported the results from a technical basis, very little exists in the professional literature on the human experience of visual implant technology. The current study uses an ethnographic methodological approach to document the experiences of the research participants and study personnel of a optic nerve vision prosthesis project in Brussels, Belgium. The findings have implications for motivation for participating in clinical trials, ethical safeguards of participants and the role of the participant in a research study. Implications for Rehabilitation Rehabilitation practitioners are often solicited by prospective participants to assist in evaluating a clinical trial before making a decision about participation. Rehabilitation professionals should be aware that: The decision to participate in a clinical trial is ultimately up to the individual participant. However, participants should be aware that family members might experience stress from of a lack of knowledge about the research study. The more opportunities a participant has to share thoughts and feelings about the research study with investigators will likely result in a positive overall experience. Ethical safeguards put in place to protect the interests of an individual participant may have the opposite effect and create stress. Rehabilitation professionals can play an important role as participant advocates from recruitment through termination of the research study. Participant hope is an important component of participation in a research study. Information provided to participants by investigators during the consent process should be balanced carefully with potential benefits, so it does not destroy a participant's hope.
Subject(s)
Clinical Trials as Topic/psychology , Optic Nerve/surgery , Prostheses and Implants , Research Personnel/psychology , Research Subjects/psychology , Anthropology, Cultural , Decision Making , Family/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Motivation , Patient Selection , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Este artículo muestra una revisión de la obra del prestigioso biólogo, filósofo y epistemólogo chileno Humberto Maturana. Se analiza y se revela la ontología, la epistemología y la teoría del lenguaje propuesta por Maturana; su concepción del ser humano, específicamente la configuración práxico-expresiva, es decir, el lenguaje. Se exponen de manera detallada las principales concepciones, propuestas y categorías científicas que subyacen en su investigación sobre: lenguajear y emocionar. Este artículo intenta presentar sus aportaciones más significativas y trascendentales, en una humilde osadía de hacerlas más inteligibles; y facilitar, de este modo, una lectura integral, una mirada configurativa y una comprensión holística del pensamiento científico de Humberto Maturana, sobre todo lo relacionado con la conducta y su teoría del lenguaje.
This paper presents a review of the work of the prestigious biologist, philosopher and epistemologist Chilean Humberto Maturana. Maturana's thinking is analyzed and ontology, epistemology and language theory proposed by Maturana is disclosed, as well as his conception about the human being, and the praxis-expressive configuration, in other words, language. The main foundations, proposals and scientific categories that underlies in his research are presented about languaging and emotioning. This paper aims to present and make understandable Maturana's most significant contributions, and in this way, to provide a comprehensive reading a configurational view and a holistic understanding of the scientific thought of Humberto Maturana, especially as related to behavior and his language theory.
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Whenever partial knowledge is considered absolute and turned into ideological and dogmatic conceptions, the risk increases that the conditions for the people involved might become dangerous. This will be illustrated by casuistic examples of consequences of one-sided psychiatric conceptions such as social, biological, and psychological ideas about the treatment and care of the mentally ill. Present perspectives of an integrative model, i.e., an advanced bio-psycho-social conception about evidence-based characteristics on the social, psychological, and molecular-genetic level, require that all of these dimensions should be considered in order to personalize and thereby improve the care and treatment of the mentally ill.
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Objetivo: Describir la experiencia de los pacientes hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Coronario de una Clínica de Tercer Nivel del Distrito de Barranquilla. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico, utilizando el método de Colaizzi en el que se entrevistaron 9 participantes entre los 59 y 74 años, hospitalizados inicialmente en la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Coronario con un diagnóstico de Infarto Agudo del Miocardio y en el momento de realizar la entrevista se encontraban en el servicio de hospitalización hemodinámicamente estables, previo cumplimiento de los criterios de inclusión, se utilizó la entrevista en profundidad, observación y notas de campo. Resultados: La experiencia de los pacientes hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Coronario se determinaron 97 enunciados significativos organizados en 8 códigos descriptores y consolidados en 4 categorías que reflejan de forma exhaustiva el fenómeno: Categoría 1: El primer contacto con la UCC; categoría 2: Lo malo de estar hospitalizado en la UCC; categoría 3: Confianza en Dios; categoría 4: Pérdida de la percepción del tiempo. Conclusión: Cabe resaltar que dentro de esta investigación una base fundamental es la teoría del cuidado humanizado de la doctora Jean Watson quien sostiene que ante el riesgo del cuidado en el mundo, se hace necesario, el rescate del aspecto humano, espiritual y transpersonal en los diferentes ámbitos tales como el clínico, administrativo y de investigación por parte de los profesionales en el campo de la enfermería. Los participantes de este estudio manifestaron experiencias positivas y negativas. Resultado coherente con otros estudios, los cuales muestran experiencias similares.
Objective: To describe the experience of patients hospitalized in the Intensive Coronary Care Unit of Clinical Third Level Ottawa District. Methodology: qualitative phenomenological , using the Colaizzi method in which 9 participants were interviewed between 59 and 74 years , initially hospitalized in the Coronary Intensive Care Unit with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and in the time of the interview were in hemodynamically stable inpatient service , after fulfilling the inclusion criteria was used in-depth interviews , observation and field notes. Results: The experience of patients hospitalized in the Intensive Coronary Care Unit were determined 97 significant statements organized in 8 Codes descriptors and consolidated into 4 categories that reflect comprehensively the phenomenon: Category 1: The first contact with the UCC; category 2: The downside of being hospitalized at UCC; category 3: Trust in God; category 4: Loss of time perception. Conclusions: It should be noted that in this research is a fundamental basis of humanized care theory of Dr. Jean Watson who argues that at the risk of the care in the world, it is necessary, the rescue of the human aspect, spiritual and transpersonal in different areas such as clinical, administrative and research by professionals in the field of nursing. The participants in this study reported positive and negative experience. Result consistent with other studies, which show similar experiences.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Patients , Coronary Care Units , Coronary Disease , Hospitalization , Intensive Care Units , Myocardial InfarctionABSTRACT
Brain, Mind and Consciousness are the research concerns of psychiatrists, psychologists, neurologists, cognitive neuroscientists and philosophers. All of them are working in different and important ways to understand the workings of the brain, the mysteries of the mind and to grasp that elusive concept called consciousness. Although they are all justified in forwarding their respective researches, it is also necessary to integrate these diverse appearing understandings and try and get a comprehensive perspective that is, hopefully, more than the sum of their parts. There is also the need to understand what each one is doing, and by the other, to understand each other's basic and fundamental ideological and foundational underpinnings. This must be followed by a comprehensive and critical dialogue between the respective disciplines. Moreover, the concept of mind and consciousness in Indian thought needs careful delineation and critical/evidential enquiry to make it internationally relevant. The brain-mind dyad must be understood, with brain as the structural correlate of the mind, and mind as the functional correlate of the brain. To understand human experience, we need a triad of external environment, internal environment and a consciousness that makes sense of both. We need to evolve a consensus on the definition of consciousness, for which a working definition in the form of a Consciousness Tetrad of Default, Aware, Operational and Evolved Consciousness is presented. It is equally necessary to understand the connection between physical changes in the brain and mental operations, and thereby untangle and comprehend the lattice of mental operations. Interdisciplinary work and knowledge sharing, in an atmosphere of healthy give and take of ideas, and with a view to understand the significance of each other's work, and also to critically evaluate the present corpus of knowledge from these diverse appearing fields, and then carry forward from there in a spirit of cooperative but evidential and critical enquiry - this is the goal for this monograph, and the work to follow.
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Este trabajo surge de la importancia de las vivencias de los pacientes coronarios que participan de la terapia de rehabilitación cardiaca, teniendo en cuenta, que estas resultan significativas para entender su realidad, pues una enfermedad coronaria se compone de profundas implicaciones psíquicas y somáticas. Con este estudio fue posible conseguir un acercamiento a la realidad de las personas que padecen dicha patología y que además participan del programa de rehabilitación cardiaca, se escucharon sus experiencia teniendo en cuenta que esta visión no ha sido explorada en los estudios encontrados sobre el tema y que además éstas enriquecen el desarrollo y la estructura de los programas de rehabilitación, como una forma de garantizar un buen cuidado y fortalecer la adherencia. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir la experiencia del paciente coronario frente a la terapia de la rehabilitación cardiaca del departamento de cardiología de una institución de cuarto nivel de la ciudad de Cartagena, durante el año 2011; y para poder obtener dicha descripción a partir de la experiencia de los participantes, se trabajó con un abordaje fenomenológico, utilizando el método de Colaizzi, el cual facilitó la construcción de 5 categorías, así: Experiencia de la enfermedad coronaria, beneficios de la actividad física, apoyo y compañerismo, percepción de seguridad en el desarrollo de la terapia, cambios en la percepción de la salud y la enfermedad; nutridas cada una de ellas con los códigos nominales que las definen, lo cual permitió la construcción de dicha experiencia tan real como lo fue vivida por los participantes. Obteniéndose entonces que los pacientes con patología coronaria experimentaron dicha enfermedad de una forma tan severa que sintieron que estaban a punto de morir, múltiples aspectos presentes en cada persona ocasionaron una experiencia de la enfermedad particular a cada individuo, pero al experimentar la terapia de rehabilitación cardiaca se creó en ellos la conciencia de cambio en sus vidas. Además que coinciden en afirmar que su experiencia en rehabilitación ha sido gratificante, pues les ha ayudado en todas las esferas de su vida; teniendo en cuenta que ha mejorado tanto su salud cardiovascular, como su salud emocional, haciéndolos sentir aun útiles a la sociedad, por lo cual viven diariamente con la convicción de seguir las recomendaciones médicas propuestas, además de continuar haciendo parte del programa de rehabilitación cardiaca.
Este trabajo surge de la importancia de las vivencias de los pacientes coronarios que participan de la terapia de rehabilitación cardiaca, teniendo en cuenta, que estas resultan significativas para entender su realidad, pues una enfermedad coronaria se compone de profundas implicaciones psíquicas y somáticas. Con este estudio fue posible conseguir un acercamiento a la realidad de las personas que padecen dicha patología y que además participan del programa de rehabilitación cardiaca, se escucharon sus experiencia teniendo en cuenta que esta visión no ha sido explorada en los estudios encontrados sobre el tema y que además éstas enriquecen el desarrollo y la estructura de los programas de rehabilitación, como una forma de garantizar un buen cuidado y fortalecer la adherencia. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir la experiencia del paciente coronario frente a la terapia de la rehabilitación cardiaca del departamento de cardiología de una institución de cuarto nivel de la ciudad de Cartagena, durante el año 2011; y para poder obtener dicha descripción a partir de la experiencia de los participantes, se trabajó con un abordaje fenomenológico, utilizando el método de Colaizzi, el cual facilitó la construcción de 5 categorías, así: Experiencia de la enfermedad coronaria, beneficios de la actividad física, apoyo y compañerismo, percepción de seguridad en el desarrollo de la terapia, cambios en la percepción de la salud y la enfermedad; nutridas cada una de ellas con los códigos nominales que las definen, lo cual permitió la construcción de dicha experiencia tan real como lo fue vivida por los participantes. Obteniéndose entonces que los pacientes con patología coronaria experimentaron dicha enfermedad de una forma tan severa que sintieron que estaban a punto de morir, múltiples aspectos presentes en cada persona ocasionaron una experiencia de la enfermedad particular a cada individuo, pero al experimentar la terapia de rehabilitación cardiaca se creó en ellos la conciencia de cambio en sus vidas. Además que coinciden en afirmar que su experiencia en rehabilitación ha sido gratificante, pues les ha ayudado en todas las esferas de su vida; teniendo en cuenta que ha mejorado tanto su salud cardiovascular, como su salud emocional, haciéndolos sentir aun útiles a la sociedad, por lo cual viven diariamente con la convicción de seguir las recomendaciones médicas propuestas, además de continuar haciendo parte del programa de rehabilitación cardiaca.
