ABSTRACT
La hipermelanosis nevoide lineal o espiralada es un trastorno esporádico poco frecuente que es caracterizado por máculas hiperpigmentadas, reticuladas o lineales que siguen las líneas de Blaschko.En este artículo se presenta el caso de una infante de 1 año 6 meses con hipermelanosis nevoide. No hubo antecedentes familiares.Esta entidad no ha sido reportada en Ecuador. Se expone un caso clásico en relación a la literatura y sustentado en el examen histopatológico.
Linear or spiral nevus hypermelanosis is a rare sporadic disorder that is characterized by hyperpigmented, reticulated or linear macules that follow the Blaschko lines.This article presents the case of a 1 year old infant 6 months with nevoid hypermelanosis. There was no family history. This entity has not been reported in Ecuador. A classic case is presented in relation to the literature and supported by histopathological examination.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome , Hyperpigmentation , Ecuador , Pigmentation Disorders , Skin PigmentationABSTRACT
El eritema discromicum perstans (EDP) o Dermatosis cenicienta es una entidad clínica poco común, de curso crónico e irreversible. Se presenta como máculas hiperpigmentadas color gris-ceniza, de tamaño y forma variable, distribuidas en cara, tronco, y extremidades. En Chile existen pocos casos reportados. La etiología es actualmente desconocida. Los hallazgos histopatológicos no son específicos de EDP, por lo que el diagnóstico es clínico e histopatológico. Aunque se han reportado múltiples opciones de tratamiento, ninguno ha demostrado ser efectivo de manera consistente. Presentamos dos casos de EDP y una revisión de los principales aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e histopatológicos de esta entidad.
Erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP) or cinderella Dermatosis is an uncommon clinical entity, of chronic and irreversible course. Clinically it appears as hyper pigmented gray-ashy macules, of variable size and shape, distributed on face, trunk, and extremities. There are few cases reported on Chile. Etiology is currently unknown. The histopathological features are not characteristic of EDP, so the diagnosis is based upon clinical findings plus histopathology. Although there are several treatment options, none of them have been demonstrated to be consistently effective. We present two cases of EDP and a review of the clinical, epidemiological, and histopathological features of this entity.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Erythema/diagnosis , Erythema/therapy , Pigmentation Disorders/diagnosis , Pigmentation Disorders/therapy , Erythema/pathology , Pigmentation Disorders/pathology , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
La dermatosis cenicienta o eritema discrómico perstans, fue descrita en El Salvador en 1957 por el Dr. Oswaldo Ramírez; desde entonces, se ha considerado como una hipermelanosis idiopática, adquirida, crónica y de evolución lenta, caracterizada por lesiones maculares de color azul grisáceo, similares a la ceniza. Afecta principalmente cara, cuello, tronco y extremidades. La mayoría de los casos han sido reportados en América latina y Asia, afectando a personas de piel oscura, ambos sexos y desde el año de edad hasta los 80 años. El diagnóstico es por correlación clínico-patológica, debido a la similitud con patologías como el liquen plano pigmentado y la pigmentación macular eruptiva idiopática. Desde su descubrimiento se han probado esquemas terapéuticos siendo el uso de dapsona y clofazimina las opciones que han alcanzado mayor eficacia. El caso clínico es el de una mujer de 41 años con lesiones grisáceas en cara, cuello y brazos, quien fue diagnosticada por dermatología como xerosis y liquen plano simple, durante tres años recibió manejo con cremas hidratantes, corticodes y antihistamínicos hasta que realizan biopsia de piel identificándose dermatosis cenicienta e iniciando tratamiento con clofazimida con mejoría notable.
The ashy dermatosis or erythema dyschromicum perstans was described by Oswaldo Ramírez from El Salvador in 1957. It is an acquired, chronic, idiopathic hypermelanosis of long-standing evolution that is characterized by blue-gray color macules that look like ash. It usually affects the face, neck, trunk, and extremities. Most of the cases have been reported in Latin America and Asia. It usually affects dark skin people of both sexes and from ages ranging from one to eighty years. The diagnosis is achieved by clinic-pathological correlation because of the similarities with other disease such as lichen planus pigmentosus and idiopathic eruptive macular pigmentation. Since its discovery, many therapeutic regimes have been tried, but dapsone and clofazimine are the most effective choices. The clinical case is about a 41 year old woman with gray lesions on the face, neck and arms, who was diagnosed by dermatologist like xerosis and lichen planus, handled for 3 years with moisturizers creams, corticosteroids and antihistamines until a biopsy specimen was taken, the ashy dermatosis was identified and the treatment with clofazimine was started, producing great improvement.
Subject(s)
Dapsone , Erythema , MelanosisABSTRACT
Three cases of color abnormalities and one of morphological aberration in flatfishes of the genus Achirus are described from the Piraquê-Açú River estuary, Espírito Santo, Brazil. One specimen of A. declivis has 75% of the blind side with coloration like that of the ocular side. Another specimen of the same species is strongly hypomelanistic. A third specimen has incomplete eye rotation and a hooked dorsal fin. An ambicolored A. lineatus is also described.
Três casos de anormalidades pigmentares e um caso de malformação morfológica são descritos em linguados do gênero Achirus do estuário do Rio Piraquê-Açú, Espírito Santo, Brasil. Um espécime de A. declivis tem 75 % do lado cego com coloração idêntica àquela do lado oculado. Um outro indivíduo desta mesma espécie tem hipomelanização acentuada. Um terceiro espécime tem rotação incompleta do olho e início da nadadeira dorsal em formato de gancho. Um espécime de A. lineatus ambicolorido é também descrito.
ABSTRACT
Three cases of color abnormalities and one of morphological aberration in flatfishes of the genus Achirus are described from the Piraquê-Açú River estuary, Espírito Santo, Brazil. One specimen of A. declivis has 75% of the blind side with coloration like that of the ocular side. Another specimen of the same species is strongly hypomelanistic. A third specimen has incomplete eye rotation and a hooked dorsal fin. An ambicolored A. lineatus is also described.
Três casos de anormalidades pigmentares e um caso de malformação morfológica são descritos em linguados do gênero Achirus do estuário do Rio Piraquê-Açú, Espírito Santo, Brasil. Um espécime de A. declivis tem 75 % do lado cego com coloração idêntica àquela do lado oculado. Um outro indivíduo desta mesma espécie tem hipomelanização acentuada. Um terceiro espécime tem rotação incompleta do olho e início da nadadeira dorsal em formato de gancho. Um espécime de A. lineatus ambicolorido é também descrito.