Conceptual metaphors and image construction of China in the space probe reports of China Daily: a social cognitive approach.

The success of Shenzhou XIII and Chang'e-5 mission became a milestone in China's aerospace history and represented China's latest attempt to contribute to international space industry, which greatly promoted the China's national image. However, rare studies have examined the image construction in aerospace field. Thus, this study takes conceptual metaphors as the guiding theory and studies conceptual metaphors in China Daily news release on Chang'e-5 and Shenzhou XIII from 2008 to 2021. It focuses on the types of metaphors used, the semantic features of the metaphors, and the characteristics of Chinese images in aerospace field. It is found that China Daily widely uses conceptual metaphors in its news release on space probe, which mainly includes 11 conceptual metaphor categories such as "endeavor," "great significance," "time" and "journey," and 20 types of conceptual metaphor subcategories, all of which are working together to construct the image of China in aerospace industry, which is characterized with the following features: a dream-building action with lofty goals, an enterprising action which represents the prosperity and progress of China, an exploratory action that is constantly forging ahead and pursuing, a leading action that opens a new chapter and leads a new journey, a braving action which dares to be the first to live in the space, and an achieving action to create a community with a shared future for mankind.

Feasibility of compressed sensing technique for isotropic dynamic contrast-enhanced liver magnetic resonance imaging.

PURPOSE: To investigate whether an isotropic T1-weighted gradient echo (T1-GRE) sequence using a compressed sensing (CS) technique during liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can improve the image quality compared to that using a standard parallel imaging (PI) technique in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Forty-nine patients with single pathologically confirmed HCC were included in the prospective study, who underwent a 3.0 T MRI including the two T1-GRE sequences (CS and PI). Qualitative analysis including the relative contrast (RC) of liver-to-lesion, liver-to-portal vein and liver-to-hepatic vein on pre-contrast and postcontrast (delayed phase) images were calculated. Respiratory motion artifact, gastrointestinal motion artifact and overall image quality were scored by using a 4-point scale. RESULTS: RC of liver-to-lesion, liver-to-portal vein and liver-to-hepatic vein measured on both pre-contrast and postcontrast phase images were significantly higher for CS than for PI. The scores of overall image quality was comparable between PI and CS (3.98 ±â€¯0.10vs 3.96 ±â€¯0.13, P = 0.083 for pre-contrast; 3.96 ±â€¯0.16 vs 3.93 ±â€¯0.17, P = 0.132 for postcontrast, respectively). The scores of gastrointestinal motion artifact was significantly higher for PI than for CS (3.92 ±â€¯0.21 vs 3.69 ±â€¯0.33 for pre-contrast; 3.86 ±â€¯0.21 vs 3.59 ±â€¯0.30 for postcontrast, P < 0.001 for both). The scores of respiratory motion artifact was significantly higher for PI only in pre-contrast sequence (3.97±0.11 vs 3.89 ±â€¯0.22, P = 0.002 for pre-contrast; 3.95 ±â€¯0.18 vs 3.90 ±â€¯0.22, P = 0.083 for postcontrast, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to the standard PI sequence, the CS technique can provide greater contrast in displaying HCCs and hepatic vessels in MRI without compromise of overall image quality.

High-Definition Optophysical Image Construction Using Mosaics of Pixelated Wrinkles.

Despite many efforts in structuring surfaces using mechanical instabilities, the practical application of these structures to advanced devices remains a challenging task due to the limited capability to control the local morphology. A platform that programs the orientation of mechanically anisotropic molecules is demonstrated; thus, the surface wrinkles, promoted by such instabilities, can be patterned in the desired manner. The optics based on a spatial light modulator assembles wrinkle pixels of a notably small dimension over a large area at fast fabrication speed. Furthermore, these pixelated wrinkles can be formed on curved geometries. The pixelated wrinkles can record images, which are naturally invisible, by mapping the gray level to the orientation of wrinkles. They can retrieve those images using the patterned optical phase retardation generated under the crossed polarizers. As a result, it is shown that the pixelated wrinkles enable new applications in optics such as image storage, informative labeling, and anti-counterfeiting.

Psicoterapia psicodramática bipessoal com bonecos / Bipersonal psychodramatic psychotherapy with dolls / Psicoterapia psicodramática bipersonal con muñecos

O psicodrama com bonecos e brinquedos com adultos revelou ser um recurso poderoso na psicoterapia psicodramática bipessoal, na qual não há presença de grupo. A objetivação em cena de uma situação de conflito ou queixa subjetiva do paciente é realizada por meio de imagem psicodramática. Este artigo apresenta as possibilidades de manejo, com base em casos clínicos, tendo por referência as técnicas de Moreno e a fundamentação teórica das técnicas de construção de imagens de Rojas-Bermúdez.

Psychodrama with puppets and toys with adults proved to be a powerful resource in bipersonal psychodramatic psychotherapy, in which there is no group. The objectification on the scene of a conflict situation or a subjective patient complaint is accomplished through a psychodramatic image. This article presents the management possibilities, based on clinical cases, bearing as reference Moreno’s techniques and the theoretical foundation of Rojas-Bermúdez’s image construction techniques.

El psicodrama con muñecas y juguetes con adultos ha demostrado ser un recurso poderoso en psicoterapia psicodramática bipersonal, en la que no hay presencia de grupo. La objetivación en la escena de una situación de conflicto o una queja subjetiva del paciente se logra a través de una imagen psicodramática. Este artículo presenta las posibilidades de manejo basadas en casos clínicos, teniendo como referencia las técnicas de Moreno y los fundamentos teóricos de las técnicas de construcción de imágenes de Rojas-Bermúdez.

Automatic self-gated 4D-MRI construction from free-breathing 2D acquisitions applied on liver images.

PURPOSE: MRI slice reordering is a necessary step when three-dimensional (3D) motion of an anatomical region of interest has to be extracted from multiple two-dimensional (2D) dynamic acquisition planes, e.g., for the construction of motion models used for image-guided radiotherapy. Existing reordering methods focus on obtaining a spatially coherent reconstructed volume for each time. However, little attention has been paid to the temporal coherence of the reconstructed volumes, which is of primary importance for accurate 3D motion extraction. This paper proposes a fully automatic self-sorting four-dimensional MR volume construction method that ensures the temporal coherence of the results. METHODS: First, a pseudo-navigator signal is extracted for each 2D dynamic slice acquisition series. Then, a weighted graph is created using both spatial and motion information provided by the pseudo-navigator. The volume at a given time point is reconstructed following the shortest paths in the graph starting that time point of a reference slice chosen based on its pseudo-navigator signal. RESULTS: The proposed method is evaluated against two state-of-the-art slice reordering algorithms on a prospective dataset of 12 volunteers using both spatial and temporal quality metrics. The automated end-exhale extraction showed results closed to the median value of the manual operators. Furthermore, the results of the validation metrics show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of both spatial and temporal quality. CONCLUSION: Our approach is able to automatically detect the end-exhale phases within one given anatomical position and cope with irregular breathing.

Retrospective 4D MR image construction from free-breathing slice Acquisitions: A novel graph-based approach.

PURPOSE: Dynamic or 4D imaging of the thorax has many applications. Both prospective and retrospective respiratory gating and tracking techniques have been developed for 4D imaging via CT and MRI. For pediatric imaging, due to radiation concerns, MRI becomes the de facto modality of choice. In thoracic insufficiency syndrome (TIS), patients often suffer from extreme malformations of the chest wall, diaphragm, and/or spine with inability of the thorax to support normal respiration or lung growth (Campbell et al., 2003, Campbell and Smith, 2007), as such patient cooperation needed by some of the gating and tracking techniques are difficult to realize without causing patient discomfort and interference with the breathing mechanism itself. Therefore (ventilator-supported) free-breathing MRI acquisition is currently the best choice for imaging these patients. This, however, raises a question of how to create a consistent 4D image from such acquisitions. This paper presents a novel graph-based technique for compiling the best 4D image volume representing the thorax over one respiratory cycle from slice images acquired during unencumbered natural tidal-breathing of pediatric TIS patients. METHODS: In our approach, for each coronal (or sagittal) slice position, images are acquired at a rate of about 200-300ms/slice over several natural breathing cycles which yields over 2000 slices. A weighted graph is formed where each acquired slice constitutes a node and the weight of the arc between two nodes defines the degree of contiguity in space and time of the two slices. For each respiratory phase, an optimal 3D spatial image is constructed by finding the best path in the graph in the spatial direction. The set of all such 3D images for a given respiratory cycle constitutes a 4D image. Subsequently, the best 4D image among all such constructed images is found over all imaged respiratory cycles. Two types of evaluation studies are carried out to understand the behavior of this algorithm and in comparison to a method called Random Stacking - a 4D phantom study and 10 4D MRI acquisitions from TIS patients and normal subjects. The 4D phantom was constructed by 3D printing the pleural spaces of an adult thorax, which were segmented in a breath-held MRI acquisition. RESULTS: Qualitative visual inspection via cine display of the slices in space and time and in 3D rendered form showed smooth variation for all data sets constructed by the proposed method. Quantitative evaluation was carried out to measure spatial and temporal contiguity of the slices via segmented pleural spaces. The optimal method showed smooth variation of the pleural space as compared to Random Stacking whose behavior was erratic. The volumes of the pleural spaces at the respiratory phase corresponding to end inspiration and end expiration were compared to volumes obtained from breath-hold acquisitions at roughly the same phase. The mean difference was found to be roughly 3%. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed method is purely image-based and post-hoc and does not need breath holding or external surrogates or instruments to record respiratory motion or tidal volume. This is important and practically warranted for pediatric patients. The constructed 4D images portray spatial and temporal smoothness that should be expected in a consistent 4D volume. We believe that the method can be routinely used for thoracic 4D imaging.