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1.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 50(2)abr. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515168

ABSTRACT

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is known for its health benefits, although it provides a minimum amount of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), which play an important role in the human organism. In this study, EVOO was blended with vegetable oils which are rich sources of n-3 PUFA alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and/or stearidonic acid (SDA) (chia, walnut, linseed and viper's bugloss seed oils). Fatty acid profiles, induction time, and organoleptic characteristics of the resulting blends were assessed. The n-3 PUFA enrichment in the blends was proportional to the degree of blending. Sensory analysis carried out by a trained panel showed that it is possible to enrich EVOO with up to 20% chia, linseed and viper's bugloss seed oil without altering the original organoleptic characteristics of EVOO. However, the induction time of the blends was significantly reduced compared with EVOO even after adding n-3 PUFA in small proportions, meaning that shelf-life time of these blends is much lower than that of EVOO, which should be considered when preparing these products for commercial purposes.


El aceite de oliva extra virgen (AOEV) es ampliamente conocido por sus beneficios para la salud, aunque apenas aporta ácidos grasos poliinsaturados n-3 (AGPI n-3), los cuales juegan un papel importante en el organismo humano. En este estudio se elaboraron mezclas de AOEV con aceites vegetales ricos en ácido alfa-linolénico (ALA) y/o estearidónico (SDA) (chia, nuez, linaza y viborera). Se evaluaron los perfiles de ácidos grasos, tiempos de inducción y características organolépticas de las mezclas resultantes. El enriquecimiento en AGPI n-3 fue proporcional al grado de mezcla. El análisis sensorial llevado a cabo por un panel entrenado mostró que es posible enriquecer AOEV con hasta un 20% de aceite de chia, linaza o viborera sin alterar las características organolépticas originales del AOEV. Sin embargo, los tiempos de inducción de las mezclas fueron significativamente menores que el del AOEV, incluso tras añadir AGPI n-3 en pequeñas proporciones, lo que significa que el tiempo de vida media de las mezclas es mucho menor que el del AOEV. Este hecho debería tenerse en cuenta al preparar las mezclas con propósitos comerciales.

2.
Fuel (Lond) ; 284: 119024, 2021 Jan 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32863405

ABSTRACT

Waste cooking oil (WCO) is a valuable feedstock for the synthesis of biodiesel but the product exhibits poor oxidative stability. Techniques available for assessing this parameter are generally expensive and time-consuming, hence the purpose of this study was to develop and validate a rapid and reliable predictive system based on signals from the sensors of a commercial hand-held e-nose instrument. Biodiesels were synthesized from soybean oil and six samples of WCO, and their physicochemical characteristics and oxidative stabilities determined before and after storage in different types of containers for 30 or 60 days at room temperature or 43 °C. Linear regression models were constructed based on principal component analysis of the signals generated by all 32 e-nose sensors and stochastic modeling of signal profiles from individual sensors. The regression model with principal components as predictors was unable to explain the oxidative stability of biodiesels, while the regression model with stochastic parameters (combining signals from 11 sensors) as predictors showed an excellent goodness of fit (R2 = 0.91) with a 45-sample training set and a good quality of prediction (R2 = 0.84) with a 18-sample validation set. The proposed e-nose system was shown to be accurate and efficient and could be used to advantage by producers/distributors of biodiesel in the assessment fuel quality.

3.
B. Inst. Pesca ; 45(4): e506, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-24475

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the anesthetic efficacy of clove oil and 2-phenoxyethanol on doctor fish (Garra rufa) at two different water temperatures. Experimental fish (1.2 ± 0.2 g mean weight) were subjected to 25, 50, 75 and 100 μL L-1 clove oil and 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μL L-1 2-phenoxyethanol concentrations at water temperature of 15 and 25 °C, and the induction and recovery times were investigated. Results showed that induction and recovery times in doctor fish were significantly affected by clove oil and 2-phenoxyethanol concentrations as well as water temperature. The interaction of anesthetic concentration and water temperature on all induction stage time was significant in clove oil. Between the anesthetic concentration and temperature interaction was significant for recovery times in both anesthetic agents. The induction time decreased significantly with increasing concentration of both anesthetic agents at water temperature of 15 and 25 °C. The lowest effective concentrations that produced induction within 3 min and recovery within 5 min were 50-75 μL L-1 of clove oil and 300 μL L-1 of 2-phenoxyethanol in both 15 and 25 °C respectively. The results also indicated that clove oil was effective at 4-fold lower concentrations than 2-phenoxyethanol, but the recovery time was longer than 2-phenoxyethanol. These results suggest that clove oil and 2-phenoxyethanol were effective anesthetics and could be used as anesthetic agents in doctor fish.(AU)


Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a eficácia anestésica do óleo de cravo e do 2-fenoxietanol em peixes medicinais (Garra rufa) em duas diferentes temperaturas da água. Os peixes (1,2 ± 0,2 g de peso médio) foram expostos a 25, 50, 75 e 100 μL L-1 de óleo de cravo e 100, 200, 300, 400 e 500 μL L-1 de 2-fenoxietanol a 15 e 25 ° C. temperatura da água e os tempos de indução e recuperação foram investigados. Os resultados mostraram que os tempos de indução e recuperação nos peixes medicinais foram significativamente afetados pelas concentrações de óleo de cravo e 2-fenoxietanol, bem como pela temperatura da água. A interação de concentração e temperatura da água em todos os tempos de estágio de indução foi significativa no óleo de cravo. Concentração de efeito interativa significativa e temperatura no tempo de recuperação foram encontradas para cada agente anestésico. O tempo de indução diminuiu significativamente com o aumento da concentração de ambos os agentes anestésicos a 15 e 25 ° C da temperatura da água. As menores concentrações efetivas que produziram indução dentro de 3 min e recuperação dentro de 5 min foram 50-75 μL L-1 de óleo de cravo e 300 μL L-1 de 2-fenoxietanolem 15 e 25 ° C respectivamente para peixes medicinais. Os resultados também indicaram que o óleo de cravo-da-índia era eficaz em concentrações 4 vezes menores do que o 2-fenoxietanol, mas a recuperação foi maior do que o 2-fenoxietanol. Estes resultados sugerem que o óleo de cravo e o 2-fenoxietanol eram anestésicos eficazes e poderiam ser usados como agentes anestésicos em peixes medicinais.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cyprinidae , Oils, Volatile/therapeutic use , Anesthetics/analysis , Clove Oil/therapeutic use
4.
Bol. Inst. Pesca (Impr.) ; 45(4): e506, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1465436

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the anesthetic efficacy of clove oil and 2-phenoxyethanol on doctor fish (Garra rufa) at two different water temperatures. Experimental fish (1.2 ± 0.2 g mean weight) were subjected to 25, 50, 75 and 100 μL L-1 clove oil and 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μL L-1 2-phenoxyethanol concentrations at water temperature of 15 and 25 °C, and the induction and recovery times were investigated. Results showed that induction and recovery times in doctor fish were significantly affected by clove oil and 2-phenoxyethanol concentrations as well as water temperature. The interaction of anesthetic concentration and water temperature on all induction stage time was significant in clove oil. Between the anesthetic concentration and temperature interaction was significant for recovery times in both anesthetic agents. The induction time decreased significantly with increasing concentration of both anesthetic agents at water temperature of 15 and 25 °C. The lowest effective concentrations that produced induction within 3 min and recovery within 5 min were 50-75 μL L-1 of clove oil and 300 μL L-1 of 2-phenoxyethanol in both 15 and 25 °C respectively. The results also indicated that clove oil was effective at 4-fold lower concentrations than 2-phenoxyethanol, but the recovery time was longer than 2-phenoxyethanol. These results suggest that clove oil and 2-phenoxyethanol were effective anesthetics and could be used as anesthetic agents in doctor fish.


Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a eficácia anestésica do óleo de cravo e do 2-fenoxietanol em peixes medicinais (Garra rufa) em duas diferentes temperaturas da água. Os peixes (1,2 ± 0,2 g de peso médio) foram expostos a 25, 50, 75 e 100 μL L-1 de óleo de cravo e 100, 200, 300, 400 e 500 μL L-1 de 2-fenoxietanol a 15 e 25 ° C. temperatura da água e os tempos de indução e recuperação foram investigados. Os resultados mostraram que os tempos de indução e recuperação nos peixes medicinais foram significativamente afetados pelas concentrações de óleo de cravo e 2-fenoxietanol, bem como pela temperatura da água. A interação de concentração e temperatura da água em todos os tempos de estágio de indução foi significativa no óleo de cravo. Concentração de efeito interativa significativa e temperatura no tempo de recuperação foram encontradas para cada agente anestésico. O tempo de indução diminuiu significativamente com o aumento da concentração de ambos os agentes anestésicos a 15 e 25 ° C da temperatura da água. As menores concentrações efetivas que produziram indução dentro de 3 min e recuperação dentro de 5 min foram 50-75 μL L-1 de óleo de cravo e 300 μL L-1 de 2-fenoxietanolem 15 e 25 ° C respectivamente para peixes medicinais. Os resultados também indicaram que o óleo de cravo-da-índia era eficaz em concentrações 4 vezes menores do que o 2-fenoxietanol, mas a recuperação foi maior do que o 2-fenoxietanol. Estes resultados sugerem que o óleo de cravo e o 2-fenoxietanol eram anestésicos eficazes e poderiam ser usados como agentes anestésicos em peixes medicinais.


Subject(s)
Animals , Anesthetics/analysis , Cyprinidae , Clove Oil/therapeutic use , Oils, Volatile/therapeutic use
5.
R. bras. Ci. Vet. ; 22(3-4): 176-179, 2015. graf
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-338092

ABSTRACT

The stress in fish is due to the management during its development in intensive system. The causes of stress in fishes are related to environmental factors and management. Some strategies are aimed at alleviating the effects of stress in fish such as the use of anesthetic in some management practices. Among the anesthetics with potential for use in fish farming stands eugenol, due to the characteristics of effectiveness, safety and low cost. The aim of this study was to evaluating the use of eugenol as an anesthetic for betas (Bettas plendens) males. The results were analyzed in completely randomized design with six treatments (control, 12, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg L-1 of eugenol) and ten repetitions. The use of dose of 200 mg. L-¹ had mortality of 50 of the population. The concentration of 25 mg. L-1 of eugenol was effective in promoting sedation in 120 sec and concentrations above 50 mg. L-1 revealed anesthetic induction time of less than 60 sec. The recovery of Bettas splendens has inverse correlation to time of anesthesia. Recovery time sedation did not present significant difference until the dose of 100 mg L-1 of eugenol. It is concluded that eugenol is a suitable anesthetic for Bettas splendens being the concentration considered adequate is the concentrations of 25 and 50 mg L-1 of eugenol.(AU)


O manejo de cultivo é inevitável, por razões operacionais intrínsecas a atividade que podem ocasionar estresse nos peixes. Diversas estratégias são apontadas para atenuar os efeitos do estresse em peixes como a utilização de anestésico em algumas práticas de manejo. Dentre os anestésicos com potencial para utilização na piscicultura destaca-se o eugenol, devido às características de eficácia, seguridade e de baixo custo. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar o uso do eugenol como anestésico para betas (Bettas plendens) machos. Os resultados foram analisados segundo um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos (controle, 12, 25, 50, 100 e 200mg L-1 de eugenol) e dez repetições. As análises de variância (ANOVA) e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. A utilização de dose de 200 mg.L-¹ apresentou mortalidade de 50% da população. A concentração de 25mg.L-1 de eugenol foi eficiente em promover sedação em 120 seg e as concentrações acima de 50 mg.L-1 obtiveram tempo de indução anestésica inferiores a 60 seg. A recuperação dos Bettas apresentou correlação inversa ao tempo de anestesia. O tempo de recuperação a sedação não apresentou diferença significativa até a dose de 100mg. L-1 de eugenol. Conclui-se que o eugenol é um anestésico adequado para beta (Bettas plendens), sendo a concentração considerada adequada às concentrações de 25 e de 50mg. L-1 de eugenol.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Eugenol/analysis , Eugenol/therapeutic use , Anesthesia/veterinary , Fishes , Anesthetics/analysis
6.
Semina ciênc. agrar ; 33(6): 2403-2410, 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1499073

ABSTRACT

Fish anesthesia is indicated for several management procedures such as capturing, biometry, tagging, transporting, physical examination, reproductive management and surgical procedures. In this study the dose of benzocaine hydrochloride necessary for tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) anesthesia was determined through six phases with 240 fish. In each phase 40 fish were evaluated. The interval between phases was two months. Mean values for weight and (allometric condition factor), in each phase, were 25.64 (2.56), 167.58 (2.88), 286.12 (2.57), 388.24 (2.50), 518.19 (2.89), 592.71 (2.67), respectively. The values for allometric condition factors showed that the animals included in the experiments were in good body conditions (P > 0.05). In each phase, fishes were captured and kept in four containers with five liters of water and benzocaine hydrochloride diluted in 20 mL of ethanol, in concentrations of 100, 140, 180, and 220 mg/liter of water. The time of induction in seconds (TI) was registered for each fish, and after the anesthetic induction the biometric analysis was conducted at fixed time of 10 minutes. After, the fishes were transferred to containers with 20 liters of water under constant flow, in order to evaluate the recovering time in seconds (TR). At each phase the minimum dose of benzocaine hydrochloride concentration was calculated using LRP (Linear Response Plateau


A anestesia em peixes é indicada para auxiliar a realização de diversos procedimentos como: captura, biometria, marcação, transporte, exame físico, procedimentos cirúrgicos e manejo reprodutivo. Neste experimento, determinou-se a dose de cloridrato de benzocaína na anestesia de tilápias (Oreochromis niloticus), com a realização de seis etapas com 240 peixes, sendo 40 peixes em cada etapa, em intervalo de dois meses. O peso médio e o (fator de condição alométrico) das tilápias em cada etapa foram de: 25,64 (2,5635); 167,58 (2,8776); 286,12 (2,5719); 388,24 (2,4955); 518,19 (2,8933); 592,71 (2,6750), respectivamente. O fator de condição alométrico mostrou que os animais utilizados no experimento estavam em boas condições (P > 0,05). Em cada etapa, os peixes foram capturados e colocados em quatro recipientes contendo 5 litros de água com benzocaína diluída em 20 ml de etanol, nas concentrações de 100, 140, 180 e 220 mg/litro de água. O tempo de indução em segundos (TI) foi registrado para cada peixe, e após a indução anestésica foi realizada a biometria no tempo fixo de 10 minutos. Após, os peixes foram transferidos para recipientes contendo 20 litros de água com renovação constante para avaliar o tempo de recuperação em segundos (TR). Em cada etapa, foi calculada a dose mínima de benzocaína através do LRP (Linear Response Plateu) em um modelo que incluiu a dose de benzocaína (

7.
Semina Ci. agr. ; 33(6): 2403-2410, 2012.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-472865

ABSTRACT

Fish anesthesia is indicated for several management procedures such as capturing, biometry, tagging, transporting, physical examination, reproductive management and surgical procedures. In this study the dose of benzocaine hydrochloride necessary for tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) anesthesia was determined through six phases with 240 fish. In each phase 40 fish were evaluated. The interval between phases was two months. Mean values for weight and (allometric condition factor), in each phase, were 25.64 (2.56), 167.58 (2.88), 286.12 (2.57), 388.24 (2.50), 518.19 (2.89), 592.71 (2.67), respectively. The values for allometric condition factors showed that the animals included in the experiments were in good body conditions (P > 0.05). In each phase, fishes were captured and kept in four containers with five liters of water and benzocaine hydrochloride diluted in 20 mL of ethanol, in concentrations of 100, 140, 180, and 220 mg/liter of water. The time of induction in seconds (TI) was registered for each fish, and after the anesthetic induction the biometric analysis was conducted at fixed time of 10 minutes. After, the fishes were transferred to containers with 20 liters of water under constant flow, in order to evaluate the recovering time in seconds (TR). At each phase the minimum dose of benzocaine hydrochloride concentration was calculated using LRP (Linear Response Plateau


A anestesia em peixes é indicada para auxiliar a realização de diversos procedimentos como: captura, biometria, marcação, transporte, exame físico, procedimentos cirúrgicos e manejo reprodutivo. Neste experimento, determinou-se a dose de cloridrato de benzocaína na anestesia de tilápias (Oreochromis niloticus), com a realização de seis etapas com 240 peixes, sendo 40 peixes em cada etapa, em intervalo de dois meses. O peso médio e o (fator de condição alométrico) das tilápias em cada etapa foram de: 25,64 (2,5635); 167,58 (2,8776); 286,12 (2,5719); 388,24 (2,4955); 518,19 (2,8933); 592,71 (2,6750), respectivamente. O fator de condição alométrico mostrou que os animais utilizados no experimento estavam em boas condições (P > 0,05). Em cada etapa, os peixes foram capturados e colocados em quatro recipientes contendo 5 litros de água com benzocaína diluída em 20 ml de etanol, nas concentrações de 100, 140, 180 e 220 mg/litro de água. O tempo de indução em segundos (TI) foi registrado para cada peixe, e após a indução anestésica foi realizada a biometria no tempo fixo de 10 minutos. Após, os peixes foram transferidos para recipientes contendo 20 litros de água com renovação constante para avaliar o tempo de recuperação em segundos (TR). Em cada etapa, foi calculada a dose mínima de benzocaína através do LRP (Linear Response Plateu) em um modelo que incluiu a dose de benzocaína (

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