Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 5 de 5
Filter
Add more filters










Publication year range
1.
Med Intensiva (Engl Ed) ; 48(6): 326-340, 2024 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38462398

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To validate the unsupervised cluster model (USCM) developed during the first pandemic wave in a cohort of critically ill patients from the second and third pandemic waves. DESIGN: Observational, retrospective, multicentre study. SETTING: Intensive Care Unit (ICU). PATIENTS: Adult patients admitted with COVID-19 and respiratory failure during the second and third pandemic waves. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: Collected data included demographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidities, laboratory tests and ICU outcomes. To validate our original USCM, we assigned a phenotype to each patient of the validation cohort. The performance of the classification was determined by Silhouette coefficient (SC) and general linear modelling. In a post-hoc analysis we developed and validated a USCM specific to the validation set. The model's performance was measured using accuracy test and area under curve (AUC) ROC. RESULTS: A total of 2330 patients (mean age 63 [53-82] years, 1643 (70.5%) male, median APACHE II score (12 [9-16]) and SOFA score (4 [3-6]) were included. The ICU mortality was 27.2%. The USCM classified patients into 3 clinical phenotypes: A (n = 1206 patients, 51.8%); B (n = 618 patients, 26.5%), and C (n = 506 patients, 21.7%). The characteristics of patients within each phenotype were significantly different from the original population. The SC was -0.007 and the inclusion of phenotype classification in a regression model did not improve the model performance (0.79 and 0.78 ROC for original and validation model). The post-hoc model performed better than the validation model (SC -0.08). CONCLUSION: Models developed using machine learning techniques during the first pandemic wave cannot be applied with adequate performance to patients admitted in subsequent waves without prior validation.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Critical Illness , Intensive Care Units , Humans , COVID-19/epidemiology , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Pandemics , Cluster Analysis , APACHE , Hospital Mortality , SARS-CoV-2 , Respiratory Insufficiency , Organ Dysfunction Scores
2.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 82(6): 943-946, dic. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1422090

ABSTRACT

Resumen Vibrio vulnificus es una de las especies de Vibrio más virulentas que se conocen. Es una bacteria de distribución universal. El primer caso registrado en Uruguay se produjo en 2001, y desde entonces ocurren varias infecciones por año. Recientemente, en ese país, V. vulnificus fue responsable de una infección de partes blandas de curso letal. Aunque no han sido comunicados casos de infección humana por esta especie en Argentina, se ha identificado recientemente Vibrio vulnificus en muestras asociadas con microplancton en el estuario del Río Negro. Presentamos el caso de una infección grave de piel y partes blandas por V. vulnificus a partir de una herida abierta en un paciente en contacto con medio acuático marino en la costa de Uruguay del Río de la Plata. El aislamiento de vibrios en muestras de heridas puede causar un daño en los tejidos con rápida progresión, en particular V. vulnificus, que tiene una alta mortalidad sin la precoz y apropiada intervención. En nuestro caso, la rápida identificación del microorganismo permitió avalar el tratamiento empírico utilizado, con una buena evolución clínica.


Abstract Vibrio vulnificus is one of the most virulent Vibrio species known. It is a bacterium with universal distribution. The first case registered in Uruguay occurred in 2001 and, since then, several infections have occurred per year. Recently, in this country, V. vulnificus was responsible for a fatal soft tissue infection. Although no cases of human infection with this species have been reported in Argentina, researchers have recently identified V. vulnificus in samples associated with microplankton in the Rio Negro estuary. We present the case of a severe skin and soft tissue infection by V. vulnificus from an open wound in a patient in contact with a marine aquatic environment on the coast of the River Plate, in Uruguay. Isolation of vibrios from wound specimens can cause rapidly progressing tissue damage, particularly V. vulnificus which has a high mortality rate without early and appropriate intervention. In our case, the rapid identification of the microorganism allowed us to support the empirical treatment used, which a good clinical evolution.

3.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex ; 77(3): 100-111, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32496469

ABSTRACT

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the agent that causes more hospitalizations and deaths due to lower acute respiratory infection. Its distribution is widespread, and almost every child has been infected by the age of two years. Different risk populations have been identified: preterm newborns (NB), children with congenital heart disease, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, asthmatics, neuromuscular diseases, among others. However, preterm NBs, children with congenital heart disease or bronchopulmonary dysplasia show higher rates of hospitalization and death from RSV. In the late 90s, monoclonal antibodies against RSV were developed, with demonstrated efficacy and safety for the prevention of RSV hospitalizations in these populations. Currently, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends this therapy for the prevention of severe infection in the population at higher risk. Economic evaluations have been conducted to determine the effectiveness of immunization, resulting favorable for palivizumab. Immunization in Mexico has resulted cost-effective in NBs under 32 gestation weeks. Mexican authorities should discuss the inclusion of palivizumab in their clinical guidelines.


El virus sincicial respiratorio (VSR) es el agente que ocasiona más hospitalizaciones y muertes por infección aguda de vías respiratorias bajas. La mayoría de los niños ya han sido infectados a los 2 años de edad. Se han identificado diferentes poblaciones de riesgo: recién nacidos pretérmino y niños con cardiopatía congénita, displasia broncopulmonar, síndrome de Down, fibrosis quística, asma y enfermedades neuromusculares, entre otras. Sin embargo, las tasas de hospitalización y de muerte por VSR son más altas en los recién nacidos pretérmino y en los niños con cardiopatía congénita o displasia broncopulmonar. A finales de los años 90 se desarrollaron anticuerpos monoclonales contra el VSR, los cuales demostraron ser eficaces y seguros en la prevención de hospitalizaciones por VSR en estas poblaciones. Actualmente, la American Academy of Pediatrics los recomienda para la prevención de la infección grave en la población de mayor riesgo. Se ha recurrido a evaluaciones económicas para determinar la efectividad de la inmunización, las cuales han sido favorables para el palivizumab. En México se ha demostrado que la inmunización es costo-efectiva en los recién nacidos menores de 32 semanas de gestación. Las autoridades mexicanas deben discutir la inclusión del palivizumab en sus guías de práctica clínica.


Subject(s)
Pediatrics , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized , Antiviral Agents , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Mexico/epidemiology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/drug therapy , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/prevention & control , United States
4.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 9(supl.5): 680-687, dic. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-585193

ABSTRACT

Las infecciones por bacilos gram-negativos no fermentadores han cobrado notoria importancia por su incidencia en las infecciones hospitalarias. Actualmente, se destaca el hallazgo de especies como la Pseudomonas aeruginosa y el Acinetobacter spp.; de este último, el Acinetobacter baumannii es la especie que con mayor frecuencia se asocia a infecciones graves y a la muerte. El aislamiento de estos patógenos se asocia a un incremento de la mortalidad y están entre los agentes que más frecuentemente causan infecciones en las Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, de ahí que constituyan desafíos terapéuticos. En el presente artículo, se realiza una revisión actualizada de la literatura y se hace énfasis en la problemática de la resistencia bacteriana y la terapéutica antibiótica(AU)


Infections caused by the nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli have charged notorious importance for their incidence in the hospital infections. At the moment it stands out the discovery of species like the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the Acinetobacter spp.; Acinetobacter baumannii is the species that associates to severe infections and the death with more frequency. The isolation of these pathogens associates to an increment of the mortality. These pathogens are among the agents that more frequently cause infections in the Intensive Cares Units, they constitute therapeutic challenges. Presently article is made a modernized revision of the literature and emphasis is made in the problem of the bacterial resistance and the antibiotic therapy(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Acinetobacter Infections/epidemiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/prevention & control , Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects , Intensive Care Units/standards , Gram-Negative Facultatively Anaerobic Rods/pathogenicity , Critical Care/ethics
5.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 9(supl.5)dic. 2010.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-49991

ABSTRACT

Las infecciones por bacilos gram-negativos no fermentadores han cobrado notoria importancia por su incidencia en las infecciones hospitalarias. Actualmente, se destaca el hallazgo de especies como la Pseudomonas aeruginosa y el Acinetobacter spp.; de este último, el Acinetobacter baumannii es la especie que con mayor frecuencia se asocia a infecciones graves y a la muerte. El aislamiento de estos patógenos se asocia a un incremento de la mortalidad y están entre los agentes que más frecuentemente causan infecciones en las Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, de ahí que constituyan desafíos terapéuticos. En el presente artículo, se realiza una revisión actualizada de la literatura y se hace énfasis en la problemática de la resistencia bacteriana y la terapéutica antibiótica(AU)


Infections caused by the nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli have charged notorious importance for their incidence in the hospital infections. At the moment it stands out the discovery of species like the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the Acinetobacter spp.; Acinetobacter baumannii is the species that associates to severe infections and the death with more frequency. The isolation of these pathogens associates to an increment of the mortality. These pathogens are among the agents that more frequently cause infections in the Intensive Cares Units, they constitute therapeutic challenges. Presently article is made a modernized revision of the literature and emphasis is made in the problem of the bacterial resistance and the antibiotic therapy(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Acinetobacter , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Critical Care
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...