The effect of information level of digital worker guidance systems on assembly performance, user experience and strain.

Worker guidance systems provide product-specific and digital assembly information and can make an important contribution to increasing productivity and quality and relieving employees, especially in flexible variant assembly. However, a critical factor here is the successful design of the systems. While much of the research focuses on aspects of the hardware, this article is dedicated to the question of how the configuration of the level of information, i.e. the amount and depth of information in worker guidance systems, is affected. For this purpose, two studies, a laboratory study at the Technical University of Darmstadt (N = 53) and a field study at a company (N = 30), were conducted and two variants of the information level of a worker guidance system were compared. The study results show that assembly quality in particular is significantly influenced by the level of information; to the advantage of detailed information. No significant differences were found for production times. For the subjective evaluation of the system as well as for the objective and subjectively perceived strain, it can be stated that the high level of information also performs better. The results thus help to design worker guidance systems more precisely so that they fulfill the information needs of the employees as well as possible.

Assessment of parents´ knowledge regarding phenylketonuria and its affecting factors: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: the management of phenylketonuria (PKU) is complex. Practical skills and knowledge of individuals taking care of PKU patients are important for treatment compliance. This study investigated parents´ knowledge about PKU and its affecting factors. The study group consisted of 62 parents of PKU patients. Methods: data were collected using a ready-made questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, PKU and dietary treatment. Total knowledge score (KS) was calculated by giving 5 points for each correct answer. Results: the study included 34 mothers and 28 fathers; 90.3% of patients were diagnosed during the newborn screening program, 6.5% between ages 1 and 2, and 3.2% at age 6 or after. Among all, 38.7% presented to their follow-up appointments with their mothers, 61.3% with both their parents and none with their father alone. Mothers answered all questions more accurately than fathers. Mothers´ and fathers´ mean KSs were 73.97 ± 12.72 and 53.04 ± 22.25, respectively. The highest KS was obtained among parents whose children were 13 years of age or older. Conclusion: the presence of another family member, parents´ education level, working status and professional qualifications, previous training on PKU and family´s economic status were the affecting factors. Creating a PKU dietary plan requires knowledge and diligence. Patients and their parents should be periodically informed about the disease and dietary treatment in order to increase their level of knowledge.

Nivel de información en pacientes y profesionales de la salud sobre manifestaciones bucales secundarias a la quimioterapia / Patients and health professionals' information level on oral manifestations after chemotherapy

RESUMEN Fundamento: El tratamiento del cáncer sigue basándose en la administración de quimioterapia, sus efectos pueden provocar alteraciones en la cavidad bucal. Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de información de pacientes y profesionales de la salud sobre manifestaciones bucales secundarias a quimioterapia. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal en el servicio de Oncología del Hospital General de Sancti Spíritus, de septiembre 2019 a julio 2021. Se incluyeron 80 pacientes con tratamiento de quimioterapia, 16 especialistas en Oncología y 6 enfermeras. Se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico y empírico. Las variables utilizadas fueron: edad, sexo y nivel de información en pacientes y profesionales de salud sobre manifestaciones bucales secundarias a quimioterapia. Resultados: El 52.5 % de los pacientes fue del sexo femenino, el 51.3 % del grupo de 60-64 años. Se constató un nivel de información bueno sobre manifestaciones bucales secundarias a quimioterapia en el 55 % de los pacientes, el 100 % de los oncólogos y el 83.3 % de las enfermeras. Conclusiones: El nivel de información de los pacientes sobre las manifestaciones bucales secundarias a los tratamientos de quimioterapia fue bueno en gran parte de esta población, en la totalidad de los especialistas de Oncología y de las licenciadas en enfermería.

ABSTRACT Background: Cancer treatment still remains based on the chemotherapy administration; its effects can trigger alterations in the oral cavity. Objective: To identify the patients and health professionals' information level on oral manifestations after chemotherapy. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study from the Oncology Service at the Sancti Spíritus General Hospital, from September 2019 to July 2021. Eighty patients with chemotherapy treatment, 16 Oncology specialists and 6 nurses were included. Theoretical and empirical level methods were used. Variables used were: age, sex and patients and health professionals' information level on oral manifestations after chemotherapy. Results: 52.5 % female patients, 51.3 % 60-64 years old. A good information level on oral manifestations after chemotherapy prevailed in 55 % patients, 100 % oncologists and 83.3 % nurses. Conclusions: Patients' information level on oral manifestations after chemotherapy treatments was good in a big part of this population, in the totality of oncology specialists and nursing graduates.

Peers' Choices Influence Adolescent Risk-taking Especially When Explicit Risk Information is Lacking.

This study examines the impact of peers' previous cautious versus risky choices on adolescents' risk-taking depending on the level of information about the risk. Adolescents completed an adaptation of the BART that manipulated social influence (cautious and risky) and risk information (i.e., informed, noninformed). Results showed that social influence impacts adolescents' decisions on the noninformed BART but not on the informed BART. In the noninformed BART, the peers' cautious choices strongly decreased risk-taking and led to greater performance. The peers' risky choices increase adolescents' risk-taking, but this effect is limited to situations involving minimal risk. Thus social experience may be a specific social context that represents a valuable source of information during adolescence, especially in situations with high uncertainty.

Hemodialysis Patients' Information and Associated Characteristics.

INTRODUCTION: of this study was to explore characteristics associated with hemodialysis patients' degree of information. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample of the study included 650 patients undergoing hemodialysis. For data collection a questionnaire specially designed for the needs of the research was used. More specifically, socio-demographic, clinical and other patients' characteristics were associated with the degree of information as it was reported by patients. RESULTS: of the 650 participants, 55.4% was men while 58.6% of the sample was aged over 60 years. Regarding information level, results showed that only 9.8% was "little" or "not all" informed about their health problem, 61,7% was "enough" informed whereas 28.5% were "very" informed. Statistically significant association was observed between degree of information and age (p=<0.001), family status (p=0.005), education (p=0.001), job (p=0.005) and number of children (p=0.019). In terms of clinical characteristics, statistically significant association was observed between the degree of information and whether patients had other disease or not (p=0.037), whether patients reported adherence to treatment guidelines (p=<0.001). Finally, statistically significant association was observed between the degree of information and relations with nursing staff (p=<0.001), doctors (p=0.007) and other patients (p=0.003), and whether patients faced difficulties in social (p=0.001) and family environment (p=0.002). CONCLUSION: Health professionals when planning information interventions for orienting hemodialysis patients is increasingly important to evaluate socio-demographic, clinical and other patients ' characteristics and incorporate them in their project.

Digital audio recordings improve the outcomes of patient consultations: A randomised cluster trial.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects on patients' outcome of the consultations when provided with: a Digital Audio Recording (DAR) of the consultation and a Question Prompt List (QPL). METHODS: This is a three-armed randomised controlled cluster trial. One group of patients received standard care, while the other two groups received either the QPL in combination with a recording of their consultation or only the recording. Patients from four outpatient clinics participated: Paediatric, Orthopaedic, Internal Medicine, and Urology. The effects were evaluated by patient-administered questionnaires. RESULTS: A total of 4349 patients participated in the study. DAR significantly increased the probability of fulfilling the participants' self-perceived information needs by 4.1% to 6.3%, particularly with regard to test results (OR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.14-1.74, p=0.001) and treatment options (OR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.13-1.71, p=0.002). Additionally, the interventions positively influenced the participants' satisfaction with the treatment, their relationship with the health professional, and their experience of being involved in the decision-making. CONCLUSION: Providing outpatients with a QPL and DAR of their consultation positively influences the patients' perception of having adequate information after the consultation. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The implementation of a QPL and audio recording of consultations should be considered in routine practice.

Internet use of parents before attending a general pediatric outpatient clinic: does it change their information level and assessment of acute diseases?

BACKGROUND: Before seeing a pediatrician, parents often look online to obtain child health information. We aimed to determine the influence of IUC (internet use regarding the reason for consultation) on their subjective information level, their assessment of acute diseases and the change in this assessment. Secondary objectives were to identify the most commonly used online resources and factors with an influence on IUC. METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at a general pediatric outpatient clinic located in Vienna, Austria. An anonymous, voluntary and 14-items-containing questionnaire served to gather all data. A total number of 500 questionnaires were collected. RESULTS: Of the parents attending the outpatient clinic, 21 % use the internet before the appointment (= IUC). Most common online resources utilized for this purpose are websites run by doctors (61.3 %), the outpatient clinic's homepage (56.3 %), Google (40 %), Wikipedia (32.5 %), health advisory services provided by doctors (28.7 %), health portals (21.3 %) and health forums and communities (18.8 %). The information level in terms of the reason for consultation is rated as good by 50.6 %, as average by 46.7 % and as insufficient by 2.7 % (internet users: 42.7 %, 55.3 %, 1.9 %). Acute diseases of the children are estimated to be mild by 58.4 %, to be moderate by 41.1 % and to be severe by 0.5 % (internet users: 54.9 %, 45.1 %, 0 %). After having used any source of information, this assessment is unchanged in 82.8 %, acute diseases are rated as more severe in 13.8 % and as less severe in 3.4 % (internet users: 79.2 %, 16.7 %, 4.2 %). Internet users and non-users do not differ with respect to their information level (p = 0.178), the assessment of acute diseases (p = 0.691) and the change in this assessment (p = 0.999). A higher education level of parents (mothers: p = 0.025, fathers: p = 0.037), a young age of their children (p = 0.012) and acute diseases of their children (p = 0.046) predispose to IUC. CONCLUSIONS: Against the common perception that online health information might fuel panic-mongering, we could not determine a link between IUC and the assessment of acute diseases. The information level of internet users and non-users does not differ either. Further research is needed to clarify causes for high and low IUC.

Nivel de información sobre traumatismos dentoalveolares en padres y educadores / Information level about dentoalveolar traumatisms in parents and educators

Los traumatismos dentoalveolares (TD) son eventos que suceden frecuentemente. Las cifras son significativas en cuanto a la incidencia y prevalencia, se considera como un problema de Salud Pública Global. Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de información sobre traumatismos dentoalveolares en padres y educadores, en la escuela “Josué País García”’ de la ciudad de Camagüey. Método: se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo desde Septiembre de 2006 a Mayo de 2007. El universo se conformó por los padres y educadores de la escuela y la muestra quedó constituida por sesenta padres y veinte educadores, se evaluó un cuestionario de forma cuantitativa y cualitativa. Resultados: la conducta a seguir ante un traumatismo fue evaluada de insuficiente con 76,6% en los padres y los educadores con 85%. Las variables de años de experiencia de los educadores fueron evaluados de insuficientes con cifras de 50, 30, 20%. Conclusiones: la evaluación general de la información sobre traumatismos dentoalveolares fue de regular e insuficiente en la mayoría. Las necesidades sentidas y reales coincidieron y se centraron en los temas de: factores de riesgo, características clínicas y conducta a seguir.

The dentoalveolar traumatisms (DT) are events that frequently happen. The figures are significant as for the incidence and prevalence, it is considered as a Global Public Health problem (1). Objetive: To evaluate the information level about dentoalveolar traumatisms in parents and educators, in the school “Josué País García” of Camagüey city. Method: A cross-sectional and descriptive study from September 2006 to May 2007. The universe was conformed by parents and educators of this school and the sample was constituted by sixty parents and twenty educators, a questionnaire in a quantitative and qualitative way was evaluated. Results: The conduct to follow in the face of a traumatism was evaluated of insufficient with 76,6% in parents and 85% in educators. The variables of years of the educators' experience were evaluated of insufficient with figures of 50, 30, 20%. Conclusions: The general evaluation of the information about dentoalveolar traumatisms was regular and insufficient in the majority. The felt and real necessities coincided and they were centered in the topics of: risk factors, clinical characteristics and conduct to follow.