A prospective cohort-based artificial intelligence evaluation system for the protective efficacy and immune response of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines.

BACKGROUND: Novel coronaviruses constitute a significant health threat, prompting the adoption of vaccination as the primary preventive measure. However, current evaluations of immune response and vaccine efficacy are deemed inadequate. OBJECTIVES: The study sought to explore the evolving dynamics of immune response at various vaccination time points and during breakthrough infections. It aimed to elucidate the synergistic effects of epidemiological factors, humoral immunity, and cellular immunity. Additionally, regression curves were used to determine the correlation between the protective efficacy of the vaccine and the stimulated immune response. METHODS: Employing LASSO for high-dimensional data analysis, the study utilised four machine learning algorithms-logistical regression, random forest, LGBM classifier, and AdaBoost classifier-to comprehensively assess the immune response following booster vaccination. RESULTS: Neutralising antibody levels exhibited a rapid surge post-booster, escalating to 102.38 AU/mL at one week and peaking at 298.02 AU/mL at two weeks. Influential factors such as sex, age, disease history, and smoking status significantly impacted post-booster antibody levels. The study further constructed regression curves for neutralising antibodies, non-switched memory B cells, CD4+T cells, and CD8+T cells using LASSO combined with the random forest algorithm. CONCLUSION: The establishment of an artificial intelligence evaluation system emerges as pivotal for predicting breakthrough infection prognosis after the COVID-19 booster vaccination. This research underscores the intricate interplay between various components of immunity and external factors, elucidating key insights to enhance vaccine effectiveness. 3D modelling discerned distinctive interactions between humoral and cellular immunity within prognostic groups (Class 0-2). This underscores the critical role of the synergistic effect of humoral immunity, cellular immunity, and epidemiological factors in determining the protective efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines post-booster administration.

An integrated architecture for intelligence evaluation of automated vehicles.

Increasing automation calls for evaluating the effectiveness and intelligence of automated vehicles. This paper proposes a framework for quantitatively evaluating the intelligence of automated vehicles. Firstly, we establish the evaluation environment for automated vehicles including test field, test task, and evaluation index. The test tasks include the single vehicle decision-making (turning, lane-changing, overtaking, etc.) and the maneuver execution of multi-vehicle interaction (obstacle avoidance, trajectory optimization, etc.). The intelligence evaluation index is the action amount of driving process considering the safety, efficiency, rationality and comfort. Then, we calculate the actual action amount of the automated vehicle in different scenarios in the test field. Finally, the least action calculated theoretically corresponds to the highest intelligence degree of the automated vehicle, and is employed as a standard to quantify the performance of other tested automated vehicles. The effectiveness of this framework is verified with two naturalistic driving datasets that contain the normal driving scenarios and high-risk scenarios. Specifically, the naturalistic lane-changing data filters 40,416 frames and 179 similar lane-changing trajectories. Compared with the lane-changing behavior of a large number of drivers, experimental results verify that the proposed algorithm can achieve the intelligence degree of drivers in the lane change scenario. Meanwhile, in 253 reconstructed high-risk scenarios, the intelligent risk avoidance ability of the proposed intelligence degree evaluation algorithm can be verified by comparing with the driver behavior and TTC algorithm. These experimental results show that the proposed framework can effectively quantify intelligence and evaluate the performance of automated vehicles under various scenarios.

Development and application of venous thromboembolism intelligent evaluation and automatic warning system / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To develop an intelligent evaluation and automatic warning system to improve the diagnosis rate of venous thrombo embolism (VTE) and strengthen its standardized treatment.Methods A clinical data center was constructed by using data extraction,conversion and loading,which involved in military medical system,clinical laboratory system,electronic medical record system and surgical anesthesia system.The warning model was established with international standards,clinician experiences,warning parameters selection by statistical method and weighted assignment.Results The system could predict the risk of the hospitalized patient for VTE rapidly and inform the doctor in time.Conclusion The system facilitates the doctor to prevent and control VTE,and thus is worthy promoting practically.

Intellectual aspects of cognitive performance in children after treatment for medulloblastoma and astrocytoma

The present study investigated the relationship between posterior fossa tumors (astrocytoma and medulloblastoma) and their respective treatments and cognitive performance in Brazilian children by measuring Intelligence Quotient (IQ). Twenty children were enrolled in the study, of whom 13 were diagnosed with astrocytoma (average age at evaluation, 10.2 years; eight girls and five boys) and seven were diagnosed with medulloblastoma (average age at evaluation, 9.2 years; five girls and two boys). The first subgroup underwent exclusively tumor resection surgery, and the second subgroup underwent surgery, chemotherapy (Vincristine, Cisplatine, and Carmustine), and radiotherapy (total dose, 54 Gy). The inclusion criteria for the clinical group were normal social and emotional behavior before the diagnosis and motor and visual performance not excessively deteriorated after surgery. All participants were submitted to the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - third version, and their scores were related to standard norms established for Brazilian children and compared with regard to the diagnosis subgroups and treatment modalities. Statistically significant differences were identified between the two diagnosis subgroups in Performance IQ and Processing Speed scores. The medulloblastoma subgroup presented poorer performance in all domains compared with the astrocytoma subgroup. Time interval between diagnosis and neuropsychological evaluation also had a significant effect on Processing Speed and Freedom from Distractibility in the medulloblastoma subgroup. These results provide empirical evidence of a possible significant effect of radiotherapy exposure on processing speed and global intellectual capacity

Intellectual aspects of cognitive performance in children after treatment for medulloblastoma and astrocytoma

The present study investigated the relationship between posterior fossa tumors (astrocytoma and medulloblastoma) and their respective treatments and cognitive performance in Brazilian children by measuring Intelligence Quotient (IQ). Twenty children were enrolled in the study, of whom 13 were diagnosed with astrocytoma (average age at evaluation, 10.2 years; eight girls and five boys) and seven were diagnosed with medulloblastoma (average age at evaluation, 9.2 years; five girls and two boys). The first subgroup underwent exclusively tumor resection surgery, and the second subgroup underwent surgery, chemotherapy (Vincristine, Cisplatine, and Carmustine), and radiotherapy (total dose, 54 Gy). The inclusion criteria for the clinical group were normal social and emotional behavior before the diagnosis and motor and visual performance not excessively deteriorated after surgery. All participants were submitted to the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - third version, and their scores were related to standard norms established for Brazilian children and compared with regard to the diagnosis subgroups and treatment modalities. Statistically significant differences were identified between the two diagnosis subgroups in Performance IQ and Processing Speed scores. The medulloblastoma subgroup presented poorer performance in all domains compared with the astrocytoma subgroup. Time interval between diagnosis and neuropsychological evaluation also had a significant effect on Processing Speed and Freedom from Distractibility in the medulloblastoma subgroup. These results provide empirical evidence of a possible significant effect of radiotherapy exposure on processing speed and global intellectual capacity.(AU)

The relationship between injury location of brain and intelligence evaluation / 中国法医学杂志

extensive injury group.The intelligence quotient level of left frontal lobe group was lower than that of the right;PIQ of right temporal lobe group was lower than that of the left,VIQ of right temporal lobe group was higher than that of the left(P