Measurement of the magnetic resonance imaging of the area supratentorial and infratentorial mid-sagittal plane of the normal Tibetan adults / 解剖学报

[Abstract] Objective To explore the relationship between supratentorial area (STA), posterior fossa area (PFA) and intracranial area (ICA) of normal adult Tibetans with age and gender. Methods The subjects of this study were native Tibetan adults living in Lhasa. Totally 158 sample populations were between the ages of 20 and 59 years, with an average age (36. 60 ± 10. 75) years, including 64 males and 94 females. Siemens MAGNETOM ESSENZA 1. 5T magnetic resonance scanner was used to scan with 3D-fSPGR sequence, and the images obtained by scanning were stored in DICOM format and imported into 3D Medical medical image processing software, and region of interest was delineated by using the software’s own toolkit. STA, PFA and ICA were measured on T1WI mid-sagittal imaging, and the ratios of PFA / STA, STA / ICA and PFA / ICA were calculated. In order to eliminate the influence of individual differences in skull size on brain structure, this paper corrected the STA and PFA with the same level of ICA, and obtained the relativity of supratentorial area (RSTA) and relativity of posterior fossa area (RPFA). Results The STA was (127. 91 ± 9. 84) cm

The Value of Corpus Callosum Measurement in the Diagnosis of Cerebral Atrophy.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between the corpus callosum area (CCa) and the degree of cerebral atrophy in patients with cerebral atrophy. METHODS: 119 patients with brain atrophy were grouped according to the degree of brain atrophy. Median sagittal CCa and intracranial area (ICa) were measured, and the ratio of corpus callosum to the intracranial area (CCa-ICa ratio) was calculated. The data were analyzed using ANOVA. RESULTS: CCa significantly reduced in patients with cerebral atrophy, and the degree of cerebral atrophy was found to be positively correlated with the degree of reduction in the CCa. CONCLUSION: The reduction in the CCa and the CCa-ICa ratio in the median sagittal can be used as a reference indicator for the diagnosis and grading of brain atrophy in clinical practice.

Delineation of two intracranial areas and the perpendicular intracranial width is sufficient for intracranial volume estimation.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study is to determine if the delineation of one or two optimally chosen intracranial areas (ICA) is enough to achieve adequate estimates of intracranial volume (ICV) in magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS: The correlations of 62 fully delineated ICVs with four types of ICV estimates were calculated. The estimate types were: (1) a single midsagittal ICA, (2) single ICA multiplied by the intracranial width perpendicular to the ICA, (3) sum of two ICAs multiplied by the perpendicular intracranial width and (4) shape-preserving piecewise cubic interpolation using two ICAs. For methods 2-4, the fully delineated ICVs were randomly separated into an evaluation and a validation set of equal size. Method 1 was validated against all of the fully delineated ICVs. RESULTS: Estimates from method 1 had a Pearson correlation of 0.904 with fully delineated ICV. For method 2, the correlation was 0.986 when delineating the sagittal ICA at 31% of the sagittal intracranial width. For methods 3 and 4, the correlations were both 0.997 when delineating the sagittal ICAs at 17.5 and 64% and at 12 and 64% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Delineation of two specific intracranial areas is sufficient for intracranial volume estimation. MAIN MESSAGES: • Delineation of two specific intracranial areas is sufficient for intracranial volume estimation. • The estimates had a Pearson correlation of 0.997 with intracranial volume. • The estimation should take no more than 5 min.

Estimating intracranial volume using intracranial area in healthy children and those with childhood status epilepticus.

BACKGROUND: Correcting volumetric measurements of brain structures for intracranial volume (ICV) is important in comparing volumes across subjects with different ICV. The aim of this study was to investigate whether intracranial area (ICA) reliably predicts actual ICV in a healthy pediatric cohort and in children with convulsive status epilepticus (CSE). METHODS: T1-weighted volumetric MRI was performed on 20 healthy children (control group), 10 with CSE with structurally normal MRI (CSE/MR-), and 12 with CSE with structurally abnormal MRI (CSE/MR+). ICA, using a mid-sagittal slice, and the actual ICV were measured. RESULTS: A high Spearman correlation was found between the ICA and ICV measurements in the control (r = 0.96; P < 0.0001), CSE/MR- (r = 0.93; P = 0.0003), and CSE/MR+ (r = 0.94; P < 0.0001) groups. On comparison of predicted and actual ICV, there was no significant difference in the CSE/MR- group (P = 0.77). However, the comparison between predicted and actual ICV was significantly different in the CSE/MR+ (P = 0.001) group. Our Bland-Altman plot showed that the ICA method consistently overestimated ICV in children in the CSE/MR+ group, especially in those with small ICV or widespread structural abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: After further validation, ICA measurement may be a reliable alternative to measuring actual ICV when correcting volume measurements for ICV, even in children with localized MRI abnormalities. Caution should be applied when the method is used in children with small ICV and those with multilobar brain pathology.

Relationship between membrane fatty acids and cognitive symptoms and information processing in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis.

Cognitive symptoms and impairment are central to schizophrenia and often an early sign of this condition. The present study investigated biological correlates of cognitive symptoms and performance in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis. The study sample comprised 80 neuroleptic-naïve UHR individuals aged 13-25 years. Associations among erythrocyte membrane fatty acid levels, measured by gas chromatography, and cognitive functioning were investigated in UHR patients. Subjects were divided into terciles based on their scores on the cognitive factor of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. The Zahlen-Verbindungs Test (ZVT) (the number-combination test) was also used as a measure of information-processing speed. Exploratory analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between membrane fatty acid levels with the size of the intracranial area (ICA), a neurodevelopmental measure relevant to schizophrenia, in half of subjects (n=40) using magnetic resonance imaging. The adjusted analysis revealed that omega-9 eicosenoic and erucic acid levels were significantly higher, but omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid levels were significantly lower, in the cognitively impaired than in the cognitively intact group. We found a significant negative association of eicosenoic, erucic, and gamma-linoleic acids with ZVT scores. A negative association between ICA and membrane levels of eicosenoic acid was also found. This is the first study to demonstrate the relationship between membrane fatty acids and cognitive function in neuroleptic-naïve subjects at UHR for psychosis. The study findings indicate that abnormalities in membrane fatty acids may be associated with the neurodevelopmental disruption associated with the cognitive impairments of individuals at UHR for psychosis.