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1.
Rev. Nac. (Itauguá) ; 16(2)May-Aug. 2024.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559138

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el acné vulgar es una enfermedad común de la piel con un gran impacto en la calidad de vida. El acné fulminans es una variante rara y severa de acné inflamatorio. Se describe en la literatura muy pocos casos de acné en pueblos étnicos. Se presenta el caso de una niña de 13 años, originaria de pueblo étnico del Paraguay, en que se observó una presentación severa de acné inflamatorio, acné fulminans. Se realiza tratamiento antibiótico asociado a prednisona, la paciente abandona el seguimiento por lo cual no se inicia el tratamiento aconsejado de Isotretinoína. Conclusiones: el caso presentado en particular corresponde a una forma severa de acné en una población con bajos reportes de esta enfermedad. Consideramos de importancia el estudio de los factores intervinientes para el desarrollo de la enfermedad.


Introduction: acne vulgaris is a common skin disease with a great impact on quality of life. Acne fulminans is a rare and severe variant of inflammatory acne. Very few cases of acne in ethnic people are described in the literature. We present the case of a 13-year-old girl, originally from an ethnic town in Paraguay, in whom a severe presentation of inflammatory acne, acne fulminans, was observed. Antibiotic treatment associated with prednisone was carried out, the patient abandoned follow-up and therefore the recommended treatment of Isotretinoin was not started. Conclusions: the case presented in particular corresponds to a severe form of acne in a population with low reports of this disease. We consider the study of the factors involved in the development of the disease to be important.

2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1522888

ABSTRACT

El acné conglobata es una forma severa de acné que produce muchas lesiones inflamatorias y cicatrices, marcando la vida del paciente de manera negativa. Presentamos el caso de 2 hermanos con acné conglobata, ambos con lesiones en piel de 2 años de evolución con aparición de nódulos, quistes y fístulas en territorio corporal extenso. El primero con diagnóstico reciente de leucemia promielocítica aguda en planes de iniciar quimioterapia y, el segundo, sin patologías de base. El primer caso recibió tratamiento antibiótico sistémico por complicaciones infecciosas propias de la inmunodepresión, además recibió dexametasona y ácido transretinoico como quimioterapia, y es dado de alta con dichos medicamentos y antibiótico profiláctico. El segundo caso recibió tratamiento con antibiótico sistémico y dapsona. Ambos acuden a control a los 2 meses y se observó mejoría importante de las lesiones en piel. El primer paciente falleció por complicaciones inherentes a su patología de base y el segundo paciente abandonó el tratamiento.


Acne conglobata is a severe form of acne that produces many inflammatory lesions and scars, marking the patient's life in a negative way. We present the case of two brothers with acne conglobata, both with 2-year-old skin lesions with the appearance of nodules, cysts, and fistulas in extensive body territory. The first with a recent diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia with plans to start chemotherapy and the second with no underlying pathologies. The first case received systemic antibiotic treatment due to infectious complications typical of immunosuppression, he also received dexamethasone and transretinoic acid as chemotherapy, and was discharged with the mentioned drugs and prophylactic antibiotic. The second case received treatment with systemic antibiotic and dapsone. Both cases returned for control at 2 months and significant improvement in skin lesions was observed. The first patient died due to complications inherent to his underlying pathology and the second patient abandoned treatment.

3.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 49(2)abr.-jun. 2023. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-224266

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivo: El cirujano plástico que realiza rinoplastia se enfrenta a pacientes con diferentes características según su etnia. Entre las estrategias implementadas para pacientes sometidos a rinoplastia se ha descrito el uso de isotretinoina para el manejo de pieles gruesas. Actualmente existen diferentes vacíos en la literatura sobre el beneficio y las complicaciones asociadas a este tipo de tratamiento en rinoplastia. El objetivo del presente trabajo es revisar la evidencia disponible en la literatura sobre los beneficios y riesgos derivados del uso de isotretinoina y rinoplastia Material y método: Desarrollamos una revisión del alcance del conocimiento en las diferentes bases de datos: Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, SAGE, Sciencie Direct, Taylor and Francis, utilizando los términos Mesh “Rhinoplasty AND Isotretinoin” para posteriormente evaluar los diferentes criterios de inclusión y exclusión que permitieron filtrar artículos evaluados en inglés y español. Resultados: Recogimos en total 2621 artículos publicados entre enero del 2005 y junio del 2022, de los cuales 13 cumplieron con los criterios establecidos por los investigadores para su análisis: 5 reportes de caso, 2 revisiones narrativas, 2 artículos tipo experimental, 1 consenso de expertos, 1 de casos y controles, 1 estudio multicéntrico y 1 revisión sistemática de la literatura. Conclusiones: La isotretinoina es un medicamento que, en diferentes artículos revisados, se demuestra seguro en su uso concomitante con procedimientos faciales como la rinoplastia y genera resultados favorables estéticos en paciente con nariz de piel gruesa en los 6 primeros meses de postoperatorio. Sin embargo, su uso debe ser analizado de manera individual puesto que puede llegar a producir efectos adversos tales como piel seca y adelgazamiento excesivo de la piel nasal. (AU)


Background and objective: Plastic surgeons who perform rhinoplasty face with patients with different characteristics depending on their ethnicity. Among the strategies implemented for these patients, the use of isotretinoin has been described for the management of thick skin. Currently, there are multiple gaps in the literature regarding the benefit and associated complications of this type of treatment in rhinoplasty. The objective of this study is to review the evidence available in the literature on the benefits and risks derived from the use of isotretinoin and rhinoplasty. Methods: A scoping review of the literature was developed on data base: PubMed Central (PMC), Cochrane, Sciencie Direct, Taylor and Francis Databases using Mesh terms “Rhinoplsaty AND Isotretinoin”. The articles were evaluated and classified to identify the available evidence in English and Spanish. Results: A review of 2621 articles published on different databases between January 2005 and June 2022 was performed, and 13 articles met the criteria established by the researchers for their analysis: 5 case reports, 2 narrative reviews, 2 controlled trials, 1 expert consensus, 1 case and control, 1 multicenter study, and 1 systematic review of the literature. Conclusions: Isotretinoin is a safe drug in concomitant use with facial procedures such as rhinoplasty and generates favorable aesthetic results in patients with a thick-skinned nose in the first 6 postoperative months. However, its use must be analyzed individually in every case since it can produce adverse effects such as dry skin and excessive thinning of the nasal skin. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Isotretinoin/therapeutic use , Isotretinoin/adverse effects , Skin Abnormalities , Rhinoplasty , Risk Assessment
4.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 86(2): 145-150, Mar.-Apr. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1429836

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate ocular surface and meibomian glands in patients with treatment-naive acne vulgaris. Methods: The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, invasive tear film breakup time, fluorescein staining of the ocular surface, and Schirmer II test were performed for all subjects. Total eyelid and meibomian gland secretion scores were assessed. Non-contact meibography was performed with the Sirius corneal topographic device. Results: The right eyes of 35 patients with acne vulgaris and 35 healthy volunteers were included the study. While the OSDI and staining scores were significantly higher in the acne group than in the control group (p=0.01 and p=0.003, respectively), the invasive tear film breakup time and Schirmer measurements were significantly lower in the acne group (p=0.000 and p=0.003, respectively). The total eyelid and meibomian gland secretion scores were also higher in the acne group than in the control group (p=0.003 and p=0.000, respectively). On the morphological evaluation of the meibomian glands, the thickening, thinning, tortuosity, and presence of ghost areas were statistically significantly more common in the acne vulgaris group than in the control group (p=0.000, p=0.001, p=0.05, and p=0.006, respectively). The percentage of the meibomian gland loss area was significantly high in the acne vulgaris group on both upper and lower meibography. The meibomian gland loss area positively correlated with total eyelid and meibomian gland secretion scores. Conclusion: Acne vulgaris may have a predisposition to meibomian gland dysfunction and ocular surface damage. Early recognition of meibomian gland and ocular surface alterations seems important, especially in acne vulgaris cases for which oral isotretinoin treatment is planned.


RESUMO Objetivo: Todos os indivíduos responderam ao questionário Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) e tiveram avaliados o tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal pelo método invasivo, a coloração da superfície ocular com fluoresceína e o teste de Schirmer II. Foram ainda avaliados o escore palpebral total e o de secreção das glândulas meibomianas. Foi realizada meibografia sem contato com um dispositivo topográfico corneano Sirius. Métodos: Todos os indivíduos responderam ao questionário Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) e tiveram avaliados o tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal pelo método invasivo, a coloração da superfície ocular com fluoresceína e o teste de Schirmer II. Foram ainda avaliados o escore palpebral total e o de secreção das glândulas meibomianas. Foi realizada meibografia sem contato com um dispositivo topográfico corneano Sirius. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo os olhos direitos de 35 voluntários com acne vulgar e 35 saudáveis. Os escores do Ocular Surface Disease Index e da coloração foram significativamente maiores no grupo com acne em comparação com o grupo controle (p=0,01 e p=0,003, respectivamente), mas o tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal pelo método invasivo e as medidas do teste de Schirmer II foram significativamente menores (p=0,000 e p=0,003, respectivamente). O escore palpebral total e o escore de secreção das glândulas meibomianas também foram maiores no grupo com acne que no grupo controle (p=0,003 e p=0,000). Na avaliação morfológica das glândulas meibomianas, o espessamento, o afinamento, a tortuosidade e a presença de áreas fantasmas nas glândulas foram mais comuns no grupo acne vulgar que no grupo controle, com significância estatística (p=0,000, p=0,001, p=0,05 e p=0,006 respectivamente). A porcentagem da área de perdas das glândulas meibomianas foi significativamente mais alta no grupo com acne vulgar, tanto na meibografia superior quanto na inferior. A área de perda das glândulas meibomianas demonstrou uma correlação positiva com o escore palpebral total e com o escore de secreção das glândulas meibomianas. Conclusão: A acne vulgar pode levar a uma predisposição para a disfunção das glândulas meibomianas e para danos na superfície ocular. Parece ser importante reconhecer precocemente as alterações das glândulas meibomianas e da superfície ocular, especialmente nos casos de acne vulgar para os quais se planeja o tratamento oral com isotretinoína.

5.
Rev. colomb. reumatol ; 29(4)oct.-dic. 2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536198

ABSTRACT

Many medications and vaccines have had implications in the development of musculoskeletal and joint symptoms, and among them the use of retinoids has been associated with the development of musculoskeletal symptoms, as well as axial symptoms suggestive of spondyloarthritis, with sacroiliitis, and to a lesser extent the development of peripheral symptoms. We describe the debut of peripheral inflammatory symptoms with the use of isotretinoin, in a previously healthy patient.


Muchos medicamentos y vacunas han tenido implicaciones en el desarrollo de síntomas osteomusculares y articulares. Entre ellos, el uso de retinoides se ha asociado con el desarrollo de síntomas musculoesqueléticos, así como síntomas axiales sugestivos de espondiloartritis con sacroileítis, y en menor proporción el desarrollo de síntomas periféricos. Describimos el inicio de síntomas inflamatorios periféricos con el uso de isotretinoína en una paciente previamente sana.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Organic Chemicals , Arthritis, Experimental , Isotretinoin , Musculoskeletal Diseases , Hydrocarbons, Acyclic , Hydrocarbons , Joint Diseases
6.
Case reports (Universidad Nacional de Colombia. En línea) ; 8(1): 9-23, Jan.-June 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421078

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Folliculitis decalvans is a rare skin disease characterized by the presence of painful papules and pustules with an underlying neutrophilic infiltrate, usually on the scalp. Its treatment is lengthy and challenging, and recurrence is relatively common. Although its etiology is unknown, several theories explaining its development have been proposed, including colonization by Staphylococcus aureus. Case description: This is the case of a 26-year-old male healthcare worker who visited the outpatient service after experiencing a 4-year history of painful pustules on the scalp; initially these lesions were located in the occipital region, but then also started to appear in the temporal and parietal regions. After being treated for bacterial folliculitis and having several recurrences, a skin biopsy was performed, which allowed diagnosing him with folliculitis decalvans. Once the diagnosis was made, isotretinoin (20mg) treatment was implemented for a year and a half, achieving complete remission of the lesions. Conclusion: Although this case has some limitations, such as the lack of histopathology images and some control laboratory tests, it clearly shows the difficulties faced when treating this type of skin disorders and presents an overview of the use of isotretinoin, evidencing that although this drug is well tolerated, possible adverse reactions from drug interactions with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole may arise. In addition, this case is of great importance since the possible presence of a familial cluster of folliculitis decalvans could be confirmed, if further genetic testing is performed.


RESUMEN Introducción. La folliculitis decalvans es una enfermedad dermatológica rara caracterizada por la presencia de pápulas y pústulas dolorosas que están acompañadas de un infiltrado de neutrófilos subyacente. Esta condición suele aparecer en el cuero cabelludo, su recurrencia es relativamente común y su tratamiento, largo y difícil. Aunque su etiología es desconocida, se han propuesto muchas teorías que intentan explicar su aparición, siendo la colonización por Staphylococcus aureus una de ellas. Presentación del caso. Hombre de 26 años que se desempeñaba como trabajador de la salud y consultó por un cuadro clínico de 4 años de evolución caracterizado por la aparición de pústulas dolorosas en la región occipital, las cuales posteriormente se extendieron a la región temporal y parietal. Después de tratarlo como una foliculitis infecciosa y tras múltiples recurrencias, se realizó una biopsia de las lesiones que permitió diagnosticarlo con folliculitis decalvans. Se instauró un tratamiento consistente de 20mg de isotretinoina al día por un año y medio, con el cual se logró la resolución de la folicutis. Sin embargo, dos años después tuvo un relapso, pero, según el paciente, esto pudo ocurrir por el consumo de derivados lácteos, ya que, según indicó, cuando suspende el consumo de esta clase de productos no aparecen más lesiones luego de 2-3 semanas. Conclusión. Aunque este caso tiene algunas limitaciones como la ausencia de imágenes histopatológicas y algunos laboratorios de control, muestra las dificultades para tratar este tipo de condiciones dermatológicas y presenta un panorama del uso de la isotretinoina, ya que evidencia que este medicamento tiene una buena tolerancia, pero presenta interacciones medicamentosas adversas con la trimetoprima/sulfametoxazol. Además, este caso es de gran importancia, ya que, si se realizan más pruebas genéticas, podría confirmarse la posible presencia de un grupo familiar de foliculitis decalvante.

7.
Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed) ; 18(3): 184-185, 2022 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35277216

ABSTRACT

We present the case of a 36-year-old woman with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis especially at cervical spine since she was 29 years old. The only relevant feature was the use of isotretinoin at regular doses in the past for severe acne.


Subject(s)
Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal , Isotretinoin , Adult , Cervical Vertebrae , Female , Humans , Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal/chemically induced , Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal/diagnostic imaging , Isotretinoin/adverse effects
8.
Reumatol. clín. (Barc.) ; 18(3): 184-185, Mar 2022. ilus
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-204807

ABSTRACT

We present the case of a 36-year-old woman with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis especially at cervical spine since she was 29 years old. The only relevant feature was the use of isotretinoin at regular doses in the past for severe acne.(AU)


Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 36 años con hiperostosis anquilosante vertebral difusa de predominio cervical desde los 29 años. El único antecedente a destacar es el uso de isotretinoína a dosis adecuadas para el tratamiento de acné severo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal , Isotretinoin/pharmacokinetics , Acne Vulgaris , Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy , Rheumatology
9.
O.F.I.L ; 32(1): 103-104, enero 2022.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-205742

ABSTRACT

Acné fulminans es una afección poco frecuente caracterizada por la rápida aparición de lesiones nodulares e inflamatorias en pecho, espalda, cuello y hombros que progresan a úlceras necróticas con secreción purulenta, costras sanguíneas, cicatrices hipertróficas, y que además, puede asociar sintomatología sistémica. Afecta principalmente a pacientes adolescentes de sexo masculino, su etiopatogenia no está completamente elucidada y mecanismos de origen inmunológico, genético, infeccioso u hormonal han sido propuestos como posible causa. Existen también algunos casos relacionados al uso de isotretinoína debido probablemente a la fragilidad del folículo piloso que esta droga produce y que exacerba las reacciones de hipersensibilidad (tipo III y IV) tras un extenso contacto con P. acnes. Sin embargo, la ausencia de pautas clínicas claras o información basada en evidencia sobre la clasificación y tratamiento, complejiza el manejo de esta patología especialmente cuando es inducida por isotretinoína. A continuación se describe el caso de un adolescente con diagnóstico de acné fulminante inducido por isotretinoína sin síntomas sistémicos, que fue tratado con dapsona. (AU)


Acne fulminans is a rare condition characterized by an abrupt onset of nodular and inflammatory lesions on the chest, back, neck and shoulders that rapidly progress to necrotic ulcers with purulent discharge, blood crusts and hypertrophic scars and it may or may not be associated with systemic symptoms. It affects mainly young male patients and the etiopathogenesis is not completely elucidated and immunological, genetic, infectious or hormonal mechanisms have been proposed. There are also a few acne fulminans’s clinical cases related to the use of oral isotretinoin probably due to the fragility of the pilosebaceous epithelium induced by this drug, that exacerbate hypersensitivity reactions (type III and IV) after a extensive contact with P. acnes. However, the limited evidence-based information and the lack of clear guidelines on its etiology, classification and treatment complicate the clinical management of the disease, especially when it’s induced by isotretinoin. Here is described the case of a young male patient with isotretinoin-induced acne fulminans without systemic symptoms, which was treated with dapsone. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Acne Vulgaris , Isotretinoin , Dapsone , Patients
10.
Surg. cosmet. dermatol. (Impr.) ; 14: e20220047, jan.-dez. 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1369128

ABSTRACT

Embora pouco frequente na prática clínica, o uso de retinoides sistêmicos pode provocar alterações no formato, na coloração e textura das hastes capilares. Relatamos o caso de um paciente tratado com isotretinoína para acne vulgar que experimentou mudança do tipo capilar, de liso para encaracolado. Tais modificações são possíveis ao longo da terapia com retinoides orais; entretanto, a mudança do formato dos fios induzida pela isotretinoína é um fenômeno extremamente raro na literatura


Although little reported in daily practice, the use of systemic retinoids can cause changes in the shape, color, and texture of hair shafts. We report a case of a patient treated with isotretinoin for acne vulgaris who experienced new growing curly hair. Such hair changes are recognized during therapy with oral retinoids; however, isotretinoin-induced modifications on the hair fiber curvature are extremely rare.

11.
Dent. press endod ; 11(3): 58-65, Sept-Dec.2021. Ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1379391

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A periodontite apical assintomática (PAA) é caracterizada pela inflamação e destruição dos tecidos periapicais, e sua progressão promove reabsorção óssea, podendo ser agravada pelo uso contínuo de isotretinoína. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi relatar a resolução de uma PAA com rompimento de cortical óssea mandibular em um paciente sob tratamento contínuo com isotretinoína (Roacutan®), por meio de procedimentos químicos-mecânicos convencionais e controle com tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). Descrição: Um paciente com 21 anos de idade, ASA I, em tratamento contínuo com isotretinoína, procurou atendimento odontológico com moderada dor na região do elemento dental #38. Após exames clínicos, radiográficos e tomográficos, verificou-se a necessidade de tratamento endodôntico do dente #36. A TCFC mostrou uma imagem apical extensa e hipodensa entre os dentes #36 e #37, compatível com lesão cística óssea, com dimensões de 25,59 mm (largura) x 14,37 mm (altura) x 8,40 mm (profundidade). Também foram observados reabsorção apical da raiz distal, halo hipodenso sob a restauração coronal do #36 e ruptura da cortical externa vestibular e lingual. O tratamento endodôntico foi realizado em três sessões, com auxílio de um microscópio operatório e protocolos químicos-mecânicos, como Easy Clean e terapia fotodinâmica. Resultado: A resolução da PAA foi observada após acompanhamento por três anos. Conclusão: O tratamento endodôntico permitiu o reparo de uma lesão periapical extensa, evitando a cirurgia parendodôntica imediata, e o uso contínuo de isotretinoína não afetou a resolução da PAA(AU).


Introduction: Asymptomatic apical periodontitis (AAP) is characterized by inflammation and destruction of the periapical tissues and its progression leads to bone resorption, which may be aggravated by continuous use of Isotretinoin. The objective of this study was to report the resolution of AAP with mandibular cortical disruption in a patient under continuous treatment with isotretinoin (Roacutan®) and kickboxing practitioner, by conventional chemical-mechanical procedures and cone-bean computed tomography (CBCT) follow-up. Description: A 21-year-old Caucasoid individual, ASA I, under continuous use of isotretinoin and kickboxing practitioner sought dental care with moderate pain at the region of tooth #38. After clinical, radiographic and tomographic examination, the need for endodontic treatment of tooth #36 was verified. The CBCT showed an extensive and hypodense apical image between teeth #36 and #37, compatible with cystic bone lesion, with dimensions of 25.59 mm wide x 14.37 mm high x 8.40 mm deep. Apical resorption of the distal root, hypodense halo under a coronal restoration at #36, and rupture of the external buccal and lingual cortical bone were also observed. The endodontic treatment was performed in three sessions with the aid of a microscope and chemical-mechanical protocols, such as Easy Clean and photodynamic therapy. Result: Resolution of AAP was observed after follow-up for three years. Conclusion: Endodontic treatment allowed healing of an extensive periapical lesion, avoiding immediate parendodontic surgery and the continuous use of isotretinoin did not affect the AAP resolution. (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Periapical Periodontitis , Isotretinoin , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Cortical Bone , Research Report
12.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 84(1): 78-82, Jan.-Feb. 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153102

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This report is of three cases of sicca syndrome, initially suspected to be Sjögren's syndrome, which was ruled out by clinical and laboratory investigations. The patients were a 24-year-old woman, a 32-year-old man, and a 77-year-old woman with chronic symptoms of sicca syndrome, including dry eye syndrome. The first case was associated with the use of isotretinoin, a retinoic acid. The second was associated with the use of anabolic androgenic steroids, and the third was related to a prolactin- secreting pituitary adenoma. All cases manifested sicca, including dry eye syndrome, after those events, and the manifestations persisted. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral atrophy of the lacrimal gland. The medical history, ocular examinations, laboratory exams, and magnetic resonance images confirmed dry eye syndrome; however, the exams were all negative for Sjögren's syndrome. The lacrimal gland was absent on magnetic resonance imaging in all three cases. The clinical history revealed that the signs and symptoms appeared after chronic exposure to retinoic acid, anabolic androgenic steroids, and a prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma, respectively. Chronic isotretinoin, anabolic androgenic steroids, and prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma or, in this last case, its inhibitory treatment, can cause lacrimal gland atrophy, sicca syndrome, and dry eye syndrome, and a differential diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome. Further studies on doses, time, and other susceptibilities to the long-lasting adverse effects of retinoic acid, anabolic androgenic steroids, and the repercussions of prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma are necessary to confirm and expand upon these associations.


RESUMO O relato descreve três casos de síndrome de sicca, inicialmente suspeitos de serem a síndrome de Sjögren, que fo­ram negados pela investigação clínica e laboratorial. O primeiro associado ao uso de isotretinoína, um ácido retinóico, o segundo ao uso de esteroides androgênicos anabolizantes e o terceiro relacionado ao adenoma da hipófise secretora da prolactina, todos manifestaram sicca, incluindo a síndrome do olho seco após esses eventos e as manifestações persistem. A ressonância magnética revelou atrofia bilateral da glândula lacrimal. Eles eram uma mulher de 24 anos, um homem de 32 anos e uma mulher de 77 anos com sintomas crônicos da síndrome de sicca, incluindo a síndrome do olho seco. A história médica, o exame ocular, os exames laboratoriais e a ressonância magnética foram confirmados como síndrome do olho seco, no entanto, todos os exames foram negativos para a síndrome de Sjögren. A glândula lacrimal estava ausente na ressonância magnética nos três casos. A história clínica revelou que sinais e sintomas se manifestaram após exposição crônica ao ácido retinóico, esteróides anabolizantes androgênicos e adenoma secretivo da prolactina hipofisária, respectivamente. Isotretinoína crônica, esteroides anabólicos androgênicos e adenoma hipofisário secretor de prolactina ou, neste último caso, seu tratamento inibitório pode ser a causa da atrofia da glândula lacrimal, síndrome da sicca e síndrome do olho seco e diagnóstico diferencial da síndrome de Sjögren. Estudos adicionais sobre doses, duração e outras suscetibilidades aos efeitos adversos duradouros do ácido retinóico, esteroides androgênicos anabólicos e repercussões do adenoma da hipófise secretora da prolactina são necessários para confirmar e detalhar essas associações.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Dry Eye Syndromes , Sjogren's Syndrome , Lacrimal Apparatus , Prolactin , Atrophy , Dry Eye Syndromes/diagnosis , Dry Eye Syndromes/chemically induced , Dry Eye Syndromes/pathology , Isotretinoin/adverse effects , Sjogren's Syndrome/diagnosis , Sjogren's Syndrome/chemically induced , Sjogren's Syndrome/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Androgens , Lacrimal Apparatus/pathology , Lacrimal Apparatus/diagnostic imaging
13.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33139176

ABSTRACT

We present the case of a 36-year-old woman with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis especially at cervical spine since she was 29 years old. The only relevant feature was the use of isotretinoin at regular doses in the past for severe acne.

14.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 83(2): 109-112, Mar.-Apr. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1088962

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the impact of ocular changes between systemic treatment with doxycycline and low-dose oral isotretinoin in patients with moderate-to-severe papulopustular rosacea. Methods: Patients were randomized to receive either isotretinoin 0.3-0.4 mg/kg (group A) or doxycycline 100 mg/day (group B) for 16 weeks. Ocular symptoms were searched and evaluated, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), Schirmer test, breakup time, rose bengal staining score, and meibomian gland dysfunction grading. The patients were retested at the end of treatment. Results: The present study included 39 patients (30 females and 9 males). Best-corrected visual acuity was > 20/30 in >90% of patients in both groups and did not change after treatment. After treatment, improvement in ocular symptoms and meibomian gland dysfunction was more pronounced in group B (p<0.05); the other parameters did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Doxycycline improved meibomian gland dysfunction, ocular symptoms, and ocular surface in patients with rosacea. Even though some patients experienced worsening meibomian gland dysfunction and symptoms, no subject experienced any serious complications after administration of low-dose isotretinoin.


RESUMO Objetivos: Comparar o impacto das alterações oculares entre o tratamento sistêmico de doxiciclina e isotretinoína em baixa dosagem em pacientes com rosácea papulopustulosa moderada a grave. Métodos: Os pacientes form randomizados para receber isotretinoína 0,3 a 0,4 mg/kg (grupo A) ou doxiciclina 100mg/dia (grupo B) por 16 semanas. Os sintomas oculares foram pesquisados e avaliados, incluindo melhor acuidade visual corrigida, teste de Schirmer, tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal, coloração de rosa bengala e graduação da disfunção de glândula de Meibomius. Os pacientes foram novamente testados no final do tratamento. Resultados: O presente estudo incluiu 39 pacientes (30 mulheres e 9 homens). A melhor acuidade visual corrigida foi >20/30 em >90% dos pacientes em ambos os grupos e não se alterou após o tratamento. A melhora dos sintomas oculares e da disfunção de glândula de Meibomius foi mais pronunciada no grupo B (p<0,05) após o tratamento; as demais variáveis não atingiram significância estatística. Conclusão: A doxiciclina melhorou a disfunção de glândula de Meibomius, os sintomas oculares e a superfície ocular de pa cientes com rosácea. Mesmo que alguns pacientes tenham piorado a disfunção e os sintomas da glândula de Meibomius, nenhum indivíduo apresentou complicações graves após a admi nistração de baixas doses de isotretinoína.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Isotretinoin/administration & dosage , Doxycycline/administration & dosage , Rosacea/drug therapy , Dermatologic Agents/administration & dosage , Meibomian Gland Dysfunction/drug therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Severity of Illness Index , Visual Acuity , Administration, Oral , Treatment Outcome , Rosacea/physiopathology , Eye/drug effects , Meibomian Gland Dysfunction/physiopathology , Meibomian Glands/drug effects
15.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 86(1): 99-104, Jan.-Feb. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089377

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Isotretinoin (13 cis-retinoic acid) is the most effective treatment for acne vulgaris and is the only treatment option that can provide either remission or a permanent cure. Objective The aim of this study was to use both subjective and objective methods to assess the nasal complaints of patients with severe acne who received oral isotretinoin therapy. Methods Fifty-four subjects were enrolled in the study. All the subjects were assessed with subjective (NOSE and VAS questionnaires) and objective (rhinomanometry and saccharine) tests to determine the severity of their nasal complaints. Results The mean severity scores (min: 0; max: 100) for nasal dryness/crusting and epistaxis were 0.47 ± 1.48 (0-5); 0.35 ± 1.30 (0-5) at admission, 3.57 ± 4.45 (0-10); 2.26 ± 4.71 (0-20) at the first month, and 4.28 ± 6 (0-20); 2.26 ± 4.71 (0-20) at the third month of the treatment respectively. Total nasal resistance of 0.195 ± 0.079 (0.12-0.56) Pa/cm3/s at admission, 0.21 ± 0.084 (0.12-0.54) Pa/cm3/s at the first month, and 0.216 ± 0.081 (0.14-0.54) Pa/cm3/s at the third month. Conclusion Oral isotretinoin therapy can cause the complaint of nasal obstruction. In addition, nasal complaints, such as dryness/crusting and epistaxis, significantly increase in patients during the therapy schedule.


Resumo Introdução A isotretinoína (ácido-13 cis-retinóico) é o tratamento por via oral mais eficaz para acne vulgar e é a única opção de tratamento que pode produzir remissão ou cura permanente. Objetivo Usar métodos subjetivos e objetivos para avaliar as queixas nasais de pacientes com acne grave que receberam terapia com isotretinoína oral. Método Foram incluídos no estudo 54 indivíduos. Todos os indivíduos foram avaliados por meio de testes subjetivos (questionários NOSE e escala EVA) e objetivos (rinomanometria e teste de sacarina) para determinar a gravidade de suas queixas nasais. Resultados Os escores médios de gravidade (min: 0; max: 100) para ressecamento/crostas e epistaxe nasal foram de 0,47 ± 1,48 (0-5); 0,35 ± 1,30 (0-5) no início, 3,57 ± 4,45 (0-10); 2,26 ± 4,71 (0-20) no primeiro mês e 4,28 ± 6 (0-20); 2,26 ± 4,71 (0-20) no terceiro mês do tratamento, respectivamente. A resistência nasal total foi de 0,195 ± 0,079 (0,12 a 0,56) Pa/cm3/s no início, 0,21 ± 0,084 (0,12 a 0,54) Pa/cm3/s no primeiro mês e 0,216 ± 0,081 (0,14 a 0,54) Pa/cm3/s no terceiro mês. Conclusão A terapia com isotretinoína por via oral pode resultar em queixa de obstrução nasal. Além disso, queixas nasais, tais como ressecamento/formação de crostas e epistaxe, aumentam significativamente nos pacientes durante o esquema terapêutico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Isotretinoin/pharmacology , Dermatologic Agents/pharmacology , Nasal Cavity/drug effects , Saccharin , Sweetening Agents , Severity of Illness Index , Isotretinoin/adverse effects , Isotretinoin/therapeutic use , Nasal Obstruction/diagnosis , Nasal Obstruction/etiology , Epistaxis/etiology , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy , Rhinomanometry , Dermatologic Agents/adverse effects , Dermatologic Agents/therapeutic use , Symptom Assessment
16.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol ; 86(1): 99-104, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30472003

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Isotretinoin (13 cis-retinoic acid) is the most effective treatment for acne vulgaris and is the only treatment option that can provide either remission or a permanent cure. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to use both subjective and objective methods to assess the nasal complaints of patients with severe acne who received oral isotretinoin therapy. METHODS: Fifty-four subjects were enrolled in the study. All the subjects were assessed with subjective (NOSE and VAS questionnaires) and objective (rhinomanometry and saccharine) tests to determine the severity of their nasal complaints. RESULTS: The mean severity scores (min: 0; max: 100) for nasal dryness/crusting and epistaxis were 0.47±1.48 (0-5); 0.35±1.30 (0-5) at admission, 3.57±4.45 (0-10); 2.26±4.71 (0-20) at the first month, and 4.28±6 (0-20); 2.26±4.71 (0-20) at the third month of the treatment respectively. Total nasal resistance of 0.195±0.079 (0.12-0.56)Pa/cm3/s at admission, 0.21±0.084 (0.12-0.54)Pa/cm3/s at the first month, and 0.216±0.081 (0.14-0.54)Pa/cm3/s at the third month. CONCLUSION: Oral isotretinoin therapy can cause the complaint of nasal obstruction. In addition, nasal complaints, such as dryness/crusting and epistaxis, significantly increase in patients during the therapy schedule.


Subject(s)
Dermatologic Agents/pharmacology , Isotretinoin/pharmacology , Nasal Cavity/drug effects , Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Dermatologic Agents/adverse effects , Dermatologic Agents/therapeutic use , Epistaxis/etiology , Humans , Isotretinoin/adverse effects , Isotretinoin/therapeutic use , Nasal Obstruction/diagnosis , Nasal Obstruction/etiology , Prospective Studies , Rhinomanometry , Saccharin , Severity of Illness Index , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sweetening Agents , Symptom Assessment , Young Adult
17.
CuidArte, Enferm ; 13(2): 93-98, dez.2019.
Article in Portuguese | BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1087452

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A isotretinoína (13-cis-ácido retinóico) é a substância ativa do medicamento Roacutan®, retinoide de ação antisseborreica específico para tratamento oral de acne grave. Contudo, o uso indiscriminado deste medicamento para tratamento de acne, sem o conhecimento dos efeitos causados ao feto, contribui para ocorrência de malformações irreversíveis na criança. Objetivo: Relatar os impactos induzidos pelo uso da isotretinoína (Roacutan®) na gestação. Método: Os dados foram coletados, após aprovação pelo CEP/UNIFIPA, por meio de questionários distribuídos on-line para mulheres previamente contatadas via internet em sites sobre o tema gestação e Roacutan® e convidadas a participar do estudo por meio de plataforma específica. Doze mulheres com idades entre 27 e 37 anos responderam o questionário, residentes nos estados de São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul, sendo três profissionais da área de saúde, três das áreas de humanas e exatas e seis de outras áreas. Resultados: As participantes relataram o uso do medicamento entre os anos de 2012 e 2018, por questões estéticas, quando estavam com idade entre 22 e 35 anos, por períodos menores que 20 dias (20%), de um mês a três meses (50%), seis meses (20%) e dez meses (10%), na dosagem de 20 mg, com ingestão de um (80%) a dois comprimidos por dia. Todas usaram o medicamento após prescrição médica e foram alertadas para fazerem uso de anticoncepcional. Contudo, duas mulheres engravidaram antes do início do tratamento (20%), oito durante o uso do medicamento (80%), sendo que maioria das mulheres usou o medicamento durante o primeiro mês de gestação (70%), uma até o segundo mês (10%) e duas até o terceiro mês (20%). A maioria informou que foi a primeira gestação (67%) e nenhuma delas teve outro filho depois. Ao saberem da gravidez com o uso concomitante do medicamento todas as mães relataram receio de malformações, especialmente relacionadas a defeitos neurológicos e cardíacos. Após o nascimento, oito bebês (80%) ficaram internados na UTI por períodos de dois a 25 dias e um deles veio a óbito. Com exceção de uma criança que não apresentou malformação, todas as outras apresentaram malformações como microtia e anotia uni ou bilateral, fenda palatina, paralisia facial uni ou bilateral e cardiopatia, na maioria dos casos em associação. Duas das crianças afetadas (20%) passaram por procedimentos cirúrgicos. Atualmente, todas as crianças estão bem de saúde, de forma geral. Nenhuma das participantes fez novo uso da isotretinoína e a maioria (90%) alerta outras mulheres sobre os riscos do medicamento em uma possível gestação. Uma das participantes alerta também os homens que fazem uso de isotretinoína. A única mulher que não informa sobre os efeitos teratogênicos do medicamento, coincidentemente, é de quem a criança não apresentou malformações congênitas. Conclusão: Embora esteja bem estabelecido o caráter teratogênico da isotretinoína na gestação e o medicamento seja usado mediante prescrição médica e com indicação de não engravidar, ainda os casos de gestação durante o tratamento são comuns. Dessa forma, é importante que campanhas de conscientização sobre esse assunto sejam realizadas de maneira continuada.(AU)


Introduction: Isotretinoin (13-cis retinoic acid) is the active substance in Roacutan®, a specific anti-seborrhoic retinoid for oral severe acne treatment. However, the indiscriminate use of this medicine for acne treatment, without knowledge of the effects caused to the fetus, contributes to the occurrence of irreversible malformations in children. Objectives: Report the impacts induced by the use of isotretinoin (Roacutan®) during pregnancy. Method: Data were collected, after approval by CEP/UNIFIPA, through questionnaires distributed online to women previously contacted via the Internet on pregnancy and Roacutan® websites and invited to participate to the study through a specific platform. Twelve women aged between 27 and 37 years old answered the questionnaire, they live in São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul states. Three of them are health professionals, three are from the humanities and six from other fields. Results: Participants reported the use of the drug between 2012 and 2018, for aesthetic reasons, when they were aged 22 to 35 years old. The reported periods were shorter than 20 days (20%), from one month to three months (50%), six months (20%) and ten months (10%), at a dosage of 20mg, with the ingestion of one (80%) to two tablets per day. All used the drug after prescription and were warned to use contraceptive. However, two women became pregnant before treatment (20%) and eight during medication use (80%). Most women used the drug during the first month of pregnancy (70%), one until the second month. (10%) and two until the third month (20%). Most reported that it was their first pregnancy (67%) and none of them had another child afterwards. Upon knowing about pregnancy with concomitant use of the drug all mothers reported fear of malformations, especially related to neurological and cardiac defects. After birth, eight babies (80%) were admitted to the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) for periods of two to 25 days and one of them died. Except for one child who had no malformation, all the others presented malformations such as unilateral and bilateral microtia and anotia, cleft palate, unilateral or bilateral facial paralysis and heart disease, in most cases in association. Two of the affected children (20%) underwent surgical procedures. Today all children are in good health overall. None of the participants made new use of isotretinoin and most of them (90%) warn other women about the risks of the drug in a possible pregnancy. One of the participants also warns men who use isotretinoin. Conclusion: The only woman who does not report about the teratogenic effects of the drug, coincidentally, is whose child did not have congenital malformations. Although the teratogenic character of isotretinoin in pregnancy is well established and the drug is used under medical prescription and doctors indicate contraceptive use, pregnancy is still common during treatment. Therefore, it is important that awareness campaigns on this subject be carried out on a continuous basis.(AU)


Introducción: La isotretinoína (ácido 13-cis retinoico) es el principio activo de Roacutan®, un retinoide antiseborreico específico para el tratamiento oral del acné severo. Sin embargo, el uso indiscriminado de este medicamento para el tratamiento del acné, sin conocer los efectos causados al feto, contribuye a la aparición de malformaciones irreversibles en los niños. Objetivo: Informar los impactos inducidos por el uso de isotretinoína (Roacutan®) durante el embarazo. Método: Los datos se recopilaron, después de la aprobación del CEP/UNIFIPA, a través de cuestionarios distribuidos en línea a mujeres previamente contactadas a través de Internet sobre sitios de embarazo y Roacutan® e invitadas a participar en el estudio a través de una plataforma específica. Doce mujeres de 27 a 37 años respondieron el cuestionario, que residen en los estados de São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Bahía, Río de Janeiro, Paraná y Rio Grande do Sul, siendo tres profesionales de la salud, tres de los humanos y y seis de otras áreas. Resultado: Los participantes informaron el uso de la droga entre 2012 y 2018, por razones estéticas, cuando tenían entre 22 y 35 años, por períodos de menos de 20 días (20%), de un mes a tres meses (50%) , seis meses (20%) y diez meses (10%), a una dosis de 20 mg, con la ingestión de una (80%) a dos tabletas por día. Todos usaron el medicamento después de la prescripción y se les advirtió que usaran anticonceptivos. Sin embargo, dos mujeres quedaron embarazadas antes del inicio del tratamiento (20%), ocho durante el uso de medicamentos (80%), y la mayoría de las mujeres usaron el medicamento durante el primer mes de embarazo (70%), una hasta el segundo mes. (10%) y dos hasta el tercer mes (20%). La mayoría informó que era su primer embarazo (67%) y ninguno de ellos tuvo otro hijo después. Al enterarse del embarazo con el uso concomitante de la droga, todas las madres informaron temor a malformaciones, especialmente relacionadas con defectos neurológicos y cardíacos. Después del nacimiento, ocho bebés (80%) fueron ingresados en la UCI por períodos de dos a 25 días y uno de ellos murió. A excepción de un niño que no tenía malformación, todos los demás tenían malformaciones como microthay y anotación unilateral y bilateral, paladar hendido, parálisis facial unilateral o bilateral y enfermedad cardíaca, en la mayoría de los casos en combinación. Dos de los niños afectados (20%) se sometieron a procedimientos quirúrgicos. Hoy todos los niños gozan de buena salud en general. Ninguno de los participantes hizo un nuevo uso de isotretinoína y la mayoría (90%) advierte a otras mujeres sobre los riesgos del medicamento en un posible embarazo. Uno de los participantes también advierte a los hombres que usan isotretinoína. La única mujer que no informa sobre los efectos teratogénicos de la droga, casualmente, es cuyo hijo no tuvo malformaciones congénitas. Conclusión: Aunque el carácter teratogénico de la isotretinoína en el embarazo está bien establecido y el medicamento se usa con receta médica y con una indicación de no quedar embarazada, el embarazo sigue siendo común durante el tratamiento. Por lo tanto, es importante que las campañas de sensibilización sobre este tema se lleven a cabo de manera continua.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Teratogens , Abnormalities, Drug-Induced , Isotretinoin/administration & dosage , Isotretinoin/adverse effects , Maternal and Child Health
18.
Actas Dermosifiliogr (Engl Ed) ; 110(7): 533-545, 2019 Sep.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30837074

ABSTRACT

Recent scientific evidence and the incorporation of new drugs into the therapeutic arsenal against rosacea have made it necessary to review and update treatment criteria and strategies. To this end, a panel of 15 dermatologists, all experts in rosacea, was formed to share experiences and discuss treatment options, response criteria, and changes to treatment. Based on a critical review of the literature and a discussion of the routine practices of Spanish dermatologists, the panel proposed and debated different options, with consideration of the experience of professionals and the preferences of patients or equality criteria. Following validation of the proposals, the final recommendations were formulated and, together with the evidence from the main international guidelines and studies, used to produce this consensus document. The goal of this consensus document is to provide dermatologists with practical recommendations for the management of rosacea.


Subject(s)
Algorithms , Consensus , Rosacea/therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Brimonidine Tartrate/therapeutic use , Delphi Technique , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Humans , Laser Therapy , Metronidazole/therapeutic use , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Quality of Life , Rosacea/classification , Rosacea/drug therapy
19.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(2): 303-307, abr. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-887474

ABSTRACT

La isotretinoína es el medicamento más efectivo en el tratamiento del acné noduloquístico recalcitrante grave. Sin embargo, el tratamiento con este fármaco se encuentra asociado con efectos adversos, y el más grave es la teratogénesis. Se ha estimado que 40% de los embarazos expuestos a isotretinoína presenta un aborto espontáneo y 35% desarrolla embriopatía. Se presenta el caso de un recién nacido con antecedente de exposición prenatal a isotretinoína, una entidad clínica que puede evitarse, con graves defectos congénitos en el sistema nervioso central e importantes dismorfias faciales, con evolución clínica desfavorable.


Isotretinoin is the most effective drug in the treatment of severe recalcitrant nodulocystic acne. However, treatment with this drug is associated with adverse effects, the most severe being teratogenesis. It has been estimated that 40% of pregnancies exposed to isotretinoin present spontaneous abortion and 35% develop embryopathy. We present the case of a newborn with a history of prenatal exposure to isotretinoin, a clinical entity that can be avoided, with severe congenital defects in the central nervous system and important facial dysmorphisms, with unfavorable clinical course.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/diagnosis , Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/therapy , Isotretinoin/adverse effects , Fatal Outcome
20.
Actas Dermosifiliogr ; 108(2): 120-131, 2017 Mar.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27816123

ABSTRACT

Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease whose psychosocial effects can greatly impair quality of life. Various scales are used to classify the severity of acne, and several treatment algorithms are currently applied: no consensus on a common scale or treatment guidelines has been reached. A group of Spanish experts therefore met to identify a scale the majority could accept as the most appropriate for classifying severity and treating accordingly. The group chose the following classifications: comedonal acne, mild or moderate papulopustular acne, severe papulopustular acne, moderate nodular acne, and nodular-cystic acne (or acne tending to leave scars). Consensus was reached on first- and second-choice treatments for each type and on maintenance treatment. The experts also issued specific recommendations on antibiotic use (starting with mild or moderate papulopustular acne), always in combination with retinoids and/or benzoyl peroxide. The use of isotretinoin (starting at severe papulopustular or moderate nodular acne) was also covered.


Subject(s)
Acne Vulgaris/classification , Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy , Acne Vulgaris/etiology , Acne Vulgaris/pathology , Adolescent , Algorithms , Androgens/physiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Benzoyl Peroxide/therapeutic use , Child , Comorbidity , Female , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Isotretinoin/therapeutic use , Male , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy , Propionibacterium acnes/pathogenicity , Severity of Illness Index , Spain
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