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1.
Fish Shellfish Immunol ; 102: 499-510, 2020 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32408019

ABSTRACT

Green alga Haematococcus pluvialis is an important source of natural astaxanthin (Ast), which have been shown to be beneficial for the color formulation, survival, antioxidation, immunity and stress resistance of many crustacean. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of H. pluvialis meal on growth, antioxidant status, ammonia resistance, color parameters, and carotenoids composition of juvenile Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. Five diets were formulated to contain 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mg/kg dry diets of natural Ast (defined as Diet 1-5) using H. pluvialis meal as astaxanthin source. The results showed that: (1) Although all treatments with Ast supplementation had the relatively higher growth performance and survival than the control (Diet 1 treatment), no significant differences were found on growth performance, feed conversion ratio and hepatosomatic index among all treatments. (2) The highest total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in hepatopancreas and hemolymph were observed in Diet 4 and 3 treatments respectively, while the lowest malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in hepatopancreas and hemolymph were also found in these two treatments. Furthermore, the significantly positive relationships were detected on acid phosphatase (ACP) activities and dietary Ast contents for hepatopancreas and hemolymph. (3) Diet 3 treatment had the highest mRNA levels of EsLecA, EsTrx, and EsPrx6 in hepatopancreas, while both Diet 3 and 4 treatments reached the peaks for mRNA expression levels of EsMyd88 and EsHc, respectively. (4) The stress test with ammonia-N indicated Diet 1 treatment had the highest mortality among all treatments, and the lowest mortality was found on Diet 3 treatment during the stress test. (5) Dietary Ast significantly improved the redness (a*) of carapace and hepatopancreas, which were consistent with the Ast contents in these tissues from the different treatments. Ast concentrations in carapace reached the plateau for Diet 3 treatment while hepatopancreatic Ast concentration kept increasing with elevating dietary Ast contents. In conclusion, natural astaxanthin could enhance the antioxidative capability, non-specific immunity, tissue Ast contents and stress resistance to ammonia-N, and these results suggested the optimal diet micro-algal astaxanthin was around 60 mg/kg for juvenile E. sinensis.


Subject(s)
Ammonia/adverse effects , Antioxidants/metabolism , Brachyura/immunology , Chlorophyta/chemistry , Immunity, Innate/drug effects , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Animals , Brachyura/drug effects , Microalgae/chemistry , Water Pollutants, Chemical/adverse effects , Xanthophylls/pharmacology
2.
Braz. j. biol ; 80(1): 30-38, Feb. 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089276

ABSTRACT

Abstract Temperature is one of the main factors that influences cardiovascular functioning in ectotherms. Hence this study sought to investigate heart rate responses of a freshwater crab species, Poppiana dentata, to different temperature exposures since the species generally reside in habitats of fluctuating physicochemistry. Heart rates were non-invasively determined in juvenile crabs for three temperature regimes, each over an 8-day session; A: temperature exposures of 26 °C (2 days) to 30 °C (3 days) to 26 °C (3 days), B: 26 °C (2 days) to 32 °C (3 days) to 26 °C (3 days) and C: a control at constant 26 °C. Heart rate variations were significant among the regimes (P < 0.05), with the median heart rate being highest for regime B (74 beats per minute or bpm) during the temperature insult (32 °C), relative to regime A (70 bpm) and the control (64 bpm). Notably, a suppression and inversion of the diurnal cardiac patterns occurred for regimes' A and B crabs respectively, with rates from the highest temperature insult not shifting back to pre-insult levels during recovery (26 °C). It is plausible that P. dentata may have compensatory cardiovascular mechanisms that account for these differential heart rate responses, possibly conveying adaptive strategies in its dynamic habitat conditions.


Resumo A temperatura é um dos principais fatores que influenciam o funcionamento cardiovascular dos animais ectotérmicos. Sendo assim, este estudo buscou investigar as respostas de frequência cardíaca de uma espécie de caranguejo de água doce, o Poppiana dentata, após exposição a temperaturas diferentes, visto que esta espécie geralmente reside em habitats de composição físico-química variável. As frequências cardíacas foram determinadas de maneira não invasiva em caranguejos jovens submetidos a três regimes de temperatura, cada um ao longo de uma sessão de oito dias de duração; A: exposição a 26oC (dois dias) para 30 °C (três dias) para 26 °C (dois dias), B: 26 °C (dois dias) para 32 °C (três dias) para 26 °C (três dias) e C: um controle a temperatura constante de 26 °C. As variações de frequência cardíaca foram significativas entre os regimes (P < 0,05), sendo que a frequência cardíaca mediana foi mais alta para o regime B (74 batimentos por minuto ou bpm) durante o insulto térmico (32 °C), em relação ao regime A (70 bpm) e ao controle (64 bpm). Observou-se particularmente uma supressão e uma inversão dos padrões cardíacos diurnos nos caranguejos dos regimes A e B, respectivamente, sem que as frequências do insulto térmico mais alto voltassem aos níveis anteriores ao insulto térmico durante a recuperação (26 °C). É possível que o P. dentata possua mecanismos cardiovasculares compensatórios responsáveis por essas respostas de frequências cardíacas variadas, o que pode indicar estratégias de adaptação às suas condições de habitat dinâmicas.


Subject(s)
Ecosystem , Hot Temperature , Temperature , Heart , Heart Rate
3.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1467256

ABSTRACT

Abstract Temperature is one of the main factors that influences cardiovascular functioning in ectotherms. Hence this study sought to investigate heart rate responses of a freshwater crab species, Poppiana dentata, to different temperature exposures since the species generally reside in habitats of fluctuating physicochemistry. Heart rates were non-invasively determined in juvenile crabs for three temperature regimes, each over an 8-day session; A: temperature exposures of 26 °C (2 days) to 30 °C (3 days) to 26 °C (3 days), B: 26 °C (2 days) to 32 °C (3 days) to 26 °C (3 days) and C: a control at constant 26 °C. Heart rate variations were significant among the regimes (P 0.05), with the median heart rate being highest for regime B (74 beats per minute or bpm) during the temperature insult (32 °C), relative to regime A (70 bpm) and the control (64 bpm). Notably, a suppression and inversion of the diurnal cardiac patterns occurred for regimes A and B crabs respectively, with rates from the highest temperature insult not shifting back to pre-insult levels during recovery (26 °C). It is plausible that P. dentata may have compensatory cardiovascular mechanisms that account for these differential heart rate responses, possibly conveying adaptive strategies in its dynamic habitat conditions.


Resumo A temperatura é um dos principais fatores que influenciam o funcionamento cardiovascular dos animais ectotérmicos. Sendo assim, este estudo buscou investigar as respostas de frequência cardíaca de uma espécie de caranguejo de água doce, o Poppiana dentata, após exposição a temperaturas diferentes, visto que esta espécie geralmente reside em habitats de composição físico-química variável. As frequências cardíacas foram determinadas de maneira não invasiva em caranguejos jovens submetidos a três regimes de temperatura, cada um ao longo de uma sessão de oito dias de duração; A: exposição a 26oC (dois dias) para 30 °C (três dias) para 26 °C (dois dias), B: 26 °C (dois dias) para 32 °C (três dias) para 26 °C (três dias) e C: um controle a temperatura constante de 26 °C. As variações de frequência cardíaca foram significativas entre os regimes (P 0,05), sendo que a frequência cardíaca mediana foi mais alta para o regime B (74 batimentos por minuto ou bpm) durante o insulto térmico (32 °C), em relação ao regime A (70 bpm) e ao controle (64 bpm). Observou-se particularmente uma supressão e uma inversão dos padrões cardíacos diurnos nos caranguejos dos regimes A e B, respectivamente, sem que as frequências do insulto térmico mais alto voltassem aos níveis anteriores ao insulto térmico durante a recuperação (26 °C). É possível que o P. dentata possua mecanismos cardiovasculares compensatórios responsáveis por essas respostas de frequências cardíacas variadas, o que pode indicar estratégias de adaptação às suas condições de habitat dinâmicas.

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