Modelo de Gestión del Conocimiento Ambiental en la Agroindustria. Caso Sector Panelero / Environmental Knowledge Management Model in Agribusiness. Case of Panelero Sector / Modelo de Gestão do Conhecimento Ambiental no Agronegócio. Caso do Setor Panelero

Resumen Introducción: el sector agroindustrial ha evolucionado debido a la necesidad de una producción diversificada, competitiva y con menores efectos negativos para el ambiente y las comunidades. Esto requiere que sus procesos se basen en la integración del conocimiento científico y tecnológico con los saberes y conocimientos locales. Objetivo: proponer un modelo de Gestión del Conocimiento (GC) ambiental en la agroindustria, para adquirir, transferir y utilizar conocimiento técnico y tradicional, útil en la toma de decisiones. Aportando a la mejora de su nivel tecnológico, económico, social y ambiental. Materiales y métodos: mediante una búsqueda sistemática de literatura, y el análisis de redes, se identifican y determinan los modelos de GC pertinentes a la agroindustria; posteriormente se analizan los actores del sector panelero mediante el método Recursos, Actividades, Resultados (RARe), identificando sus relaciones y necesidades de GC, finalmente se propone el modelo de gestión del conocimiento y sus procesos. Resultados: Los resultados inician con la definición de las relaciones entre objetivos de GC, los modelos, las herramientas y los procesos pertinentes a la agroindustria, segundo el mapeo de los actores, sus relaciones y necesidades de GC en el sector panelero, y tercero la propuesta del modelo de GC ambiental, implicaciones, acciones, facilitadores y potencializadores de la GC frente a mejorar las unidades productivas de panela desde el factor ambiental, tecnológico, social y político. Conclusiones: El modelo de Gestión del Conocimiento Ambiental propuesto se convierte una herramienta mediante el cual es posible articular la GC en el sector panelero permitiendo la socialización de conocimiento innovador entre los actores productores y los actores externos para poder llegar a tener potenciales beneficios y suplir las necesidades de gestionar conocimiento sobre el mejoramiento tecnológico y gestión ambiental.

Abstract Introduction: the agribusiness sector has evolved due to the need for diversified, competitive production with fewer negative effects on the environment and communities. This requires its processes to be based on the integration of scientific and technological knowledge with local knowledge. Objective: to propose an environmental Knowledge Management (KM) model in agribusiness, to acquire, transfer and use technical and traditional knowledge, useful in decision making. Contributing to the improvement of its technological, economic, social and environmental level. Materials and methods: through a systematic literature search and network analysis, KM models pertinent to agribusiness are identified and determined; then the actors of the panel sector are analyzed through the method Resources, Activities, Results (RARe), identifying their relationships and KM needs; finally, the knowledge management model and its processes are proposed. Results: The results begin with the definition of the relationships between KM objectives, models, tools and processes relevant to the agroindustry; second, the mapping of actors, their relationships and KM needs in the sugarcane sector; and third, the proposal of the environmental KM model, implications, actions, facilitators and potentiates of KM to improve sugarcane production units from the environmental, technological, social and political points of view. Conclusions: The proposed Environmental Knowledge Management model becomes a tool through which it is possible to articulate KM in the sugarcane sector, allowing the socialization of innovative knowledge between producers and external actors in order to reach potential benefits and meet the needs of managing knowledge on technological improvement and environmental management.

Resumo Introdução: o sector agroindustrial evoluiu devido à necessidade de uma produção diversificada e competitiva com menos efeitos negativos no ambiente e nas comunidades. Isto exige que os seus processos se baseiam na integração do conhecimento científico e tecnológico com o conhecimento local. Objetivo: propor um modelo de Gestão do Conhecimento (GC) ambiental na agroindústria, para adquirir, transferir e utilizar conhecimentos técnicos e tradicionais, úteis na tomada de decisões. Contribuir para a melhoria do seu nível tecnológico, económico, social e ambiental. Materiais e métodos: através de uma pesquisa sistemática na literatura e análise de redes, são identificados e determinados os modelos de GC pertinentes à agroindústria; em seguida, os atores do setor de painéis são analisados através do método Recursos, Atividades, Resultados (RARe), identificando suas relações e necessidades de GC, e finalmente o modelo de gestão do conhecimento e seus processos são propostos. Resultados: Os resultados começam com a definição das relações entre os objetivos, modelos, ferramentas e processos da CG relevantes para a agroindústria; segundo, o mapeamento dos actores, suas relações e necessidades da CG no sector da cana de açúcar; e terceiro, a proposta do modelo ambiental da CG, implicações, ações, facilitadores e potenciadores da CG para melhorar as unidades de produção de cana de açúcar dos pontos de vista ambiental, tecnológico, social e político. Conclusões: O modelo proposto de Gestão do Conhecimento Ambiental torna-se uma ferramenta através da qual é possível articular a KM no sector canavieiro, permitindo a socialização do conhecimento inovador entre produtores e actores externos, de modo a alcançar potenciais benefícios e satisfazer as necessidades de gestão do conhecimento sobre melhoramento tecnológico e gestão ambiental.

Generation of reusable learning objects from digital medical collections: An analysis based on the MASMDOA framework.

Learning Objects represent a widespread approach to structuring instructional materials in a large variety of educational contexts. The main aim of this work consists of analyzing the process of generating reusable learning objects followed by Clavy, a tool that can be used to retrieve data from multiple medical knowledge sources and reconfigure such sources in diverse multimedia-based structures and organizations. From these organizations, Clavy is able to generate learning objects that can be adapted to various instructional healthcare scenarios with several types of user profiles and distinct learning requirements. Moreover, Clavy provides the capability of exporting these learning objects through standard educational specifications, which improves their reusability features. The analysis proposed is conducted following criteria defined by the MASMDOA framework for comparing and selecting learning object generation methodologies. The analysis insights highlight the importance of having a tool to transfer knowledge from the available digital medical collections to learning objects that can be easily accessed by medical students and healthcare practitioners through the most popular e-learning platforms.

Identifying and prioritizing the tools/techniques of knowledge management based on the Asian Productivity Organization Model (APO) to use in hospitals.

INTRODUCTION: Appropriate knowledge, correct information, and relevant data are vital in medical diagnosis and treatment systems. Knowledge Management (KM) through its tools/techniques provides a pertinent framework for decision-making in healthcare systems. The objective of this study was to identify and prioritize the KM tools/techniques that apply to hospital setting. METHODS: This is a descriptive-survey study. Data were collected using a -researcher-made questionnaire that was developed based on experts' opinions to select the appropriate tools/techniques from 26 tools/techniques of the Asian Productivity Organization (APO) model. Questions were categorized into five steps of KM (identifying, creating, storing, sharing, and applying the knowledge) according to this model. The study population consisted of middle and senior managers of hospitals and managing directors of Vice-Chancellor for Curative Affairs in Kerman University of Medical Sciences in Kerman, Iran. The data were analyzed in SPSS v.19 using one-sample t-test. RESULTS: Twelve out of 26 tools/techniques of the APO model were identified as the tools applicable in hospitals. "Knowledge café" and "APO knowledge management assessment tool" with respective means of 4.23 and 3.7 were the most and the least applicable tools in the knowledge identification step. "Mentor-mentee scheme", as well as "voice and Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP)" with respective means of 4.20 and 3.52 were the most and the least applicable tools/techniques in the knowledge creation step. "Knowledge café" and "voice and VOIP" with respective means of 3.85 and 3.42 were the most and the least applicable tools/techniques in the knowledge storage step. "Peer assist and 'voice and VOIP' with respective means of 4.14 and 3.38 were the most and the least applicable tools/techniques in the knowledge sharing step. Finally, "knowledge worker competency plan" and "knowledge portal" with respective means of 4.38 and 3.85 were the most and the least applicable tools/techniques in the knowledge application step. CONCLUSION: The results showed that 12 out of 26 tools in the APO model are appropriate for hospitals of which 11 are significantly applicable, and "storytelling" is marginally applicable. In this study, the preferred tools/techniques for implementation of each of the five KM steps in hospitals are introduced.