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1.
Soins Pediatr Pueric ; 45(339): 37-41, 2024.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38945680

ABSTRACT

A qualitative study was carried out with five professionals in a pediatric intensive care unit in 2022. Semi-structured interviews were used to find out how they felt about patients from their own culture, and about the role of their mother tongue in hospital care. Caregivers find it difficult to bring their own culture to the fore when caring for their patients. A description of the obstacles they encounter, as well as the advantages, is included.


Subject(s)
Cultural Diversity , Humans , Attitude of Health Personnel , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Transients and Migrants/psychology
2.
Paediatr Child Health ; 29(1): 43-49, 2024 Feb.
Article in English, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38332971

ABSTRACT

Puisque 20 % des Canadiens déclarent avoir une autre langue maternelle que le français ou l'anglais, il n'est pas rare que les professionnels de la santé et les patients maîtrisent des langues différentes. Lorsqu'un médecin et son patient ne peuvent pas communiquer correctement, ils courent le risque de mal se comprendre, ce qui peut se solder par de mauvais résultats cliniques et une réadmission hospitalière. Les services d'interprétation professionnels sont associés à une amélioration de la communication, de l'utilisation des soins, des résultats cliniques et de la satisfaction envers les soins. Il est démontré que le recours à des interprètes non formés ou improvisés, y compris les membres de la famille, accroît les erreurs d'omission, les substitutions, les modifications volontaires et les ajouts. Les enfants et les adolescents n'ont pas acquis une maturité développementale suffisante pour agir en qualité d'interprètes dans le milieu de la santé. Dans un tel contexte, ils sont mis dans une situation inappropriée avec laquelle il peut être difficile de composer et qui peut compromettre durablement à la fois leur propre santé mentale et leur relation avec les autres membres de la famille.

3.
Perit Dial Int ; 43(5): 411-416, 2023 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36843360

ABSTRACT

Recently, we validated a simple method for estimating peritoneal dialysis (PD) peritonitis rate. Despite good agreement between estimates and gold-standard measurements in two large dialysis registries, the International Society of Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) was hesitant to recommend adoption of the estimating equation. Their perception is that inaccuracies, as small as they are, might still be detrimental to clinical decision-making. In this study, we apply new analyses to the original validation data sets. We quantify agreement using standards from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). We also identify a subset of centres with poorest performance of the estimating equation and qualitatively assess the potential for compromised clinical decision-making associated with its use. Inter-assay % coefficient of variation between estimates and measurements was 4.2% in the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry and 4.6% in Le Registre de Dialyse Péritonéale de Langue Française, easily meeting ISO requirements. Mandel's h values and Grubb's tests confirmed more outlying estimates compared to the measurements, while Mandel's k values and Cochran's C tests showed that identical precision by the two methods. Misclassification of centres as being above versus below the ISPD standard of 0.4 episodes/patient-year occurred only with rates close to the threshold, affecting approximately 3% of patient-years. In the 26 (out of 268) centres with poorest performance of the estimating equation, examination of the time series of their annual PD peritonitis rate estimates/measurements showed that using estimates would not detrimental to clinical decision-making. In conclusion, the estimating equation is sufficiently accurate for routine clinical use.


Subject(s)
Peritoneal Dialysis , Peritonitis , Humans , Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects , Peritoneal Dialysis/methods , Renal Dialysis , Australia/epidemiology , Peritonitis/epidemiology , Peritonitis/etiology , Registries
4.
Rev Med Interne ; 44(2): 94-95, 2023 02.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36759077
5.
Praxis (Bern 1994) ; 111(16): 922-926, 2022 Dec.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36475366

ABSTRACT

Tongue Lacerations in Children. The Zurich Tongue Scheme Abstract. Treating injured children is part of everyday life at a pediatrician's office or in an emergency department. Among the most common injuries are lacerations, mainly of the head, but the tongue can also be affected. Lacerations of the tongue mostly occur in early childhood due to fall when the child bites its tongue. No evidence-based treatment recommendations exist, even though such injuries are common. It makes a huge difference to the parents and children affected whether the treatment consists of a primary wound closure in general anesthesia or spontaneous healing can be awaited. In this article, the development and implementation of the Zurich Tongue Scheme will be discussed, the first evidence-based treatment recommendations for uncomplicated tongue lacerations in children.


Subject(s)
Tongue , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Parents , Tongue/injuries
6.
Tempo psicanál ; 54(2): 275-295, jul.-dez. 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1450550

ABSTRACT

No presente artigo são articuladas ideias de pensadores como Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari, Franco Berardi, Michel Hardt e Toni Negri em torno do problema da comunicação e dos dispositivos técnico-informacionais operantes na atualidade, para mostrar de forma suscinta como problematizam, criticam e respondem a alguns problemas levantados nesse domínio. No contexto das sociedades de controle e do Império, o capitalismo funciona, sobretudo, como um operador semiótico que transforma e condiciona profundamente os processos de subjetivação dos indivíduos a partir do trabalho, da linguagem, das relações e dos afetos. Diante disso, em um primeiro momento do texto, será mostrado como a filosofia de Deleuze se compõe em grande medida como uma resistência a esse poder de subjetivação, especialmente no que diz respeito às formas de comunicação mobilizadas por ele e, em um segundo momento, como Franco Berardi, dando continuidade a essa crítica, propõe uma insurreição da linguagem em relação aos efeitos do capitalismo financeiro e informatizado sobre a vida dos indivíduos, evocando uma recusa ou calote poético promovido contra esses dispositivos de poder.


In this article, ideas from thinkers such as Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari, Franco Berardi, Michel Hardt and Toni Negri are articulated around the problem of communication and the technical-informational devices operating today, to succinctly show how they problematize, criticize, and respond to some problems raised in this area. In the context of societies of control and the Empire, capitalism works as a semiotic operator that deeply transforms and conditions the processes of subjectivation of individuals based on work, language, relationships, and affections. Therefore, in a first moment of the text, it will be shown how Deleuze's philosophy is composed to a large extent as a resistance to this power of subjectivation, especially with regard to the forms of communication mobilized by it and, in a second moment, as Franco Berardi, continuing this criticism, proposes an insurrection of language in relation to the effects of financial and computerized capitalism on the lives of individuals, evoking a refusal or poetic default promoted against these devices of power.


Dans cet article, les idées de penseurs tels que Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, Franco Berardi, Michel Hardt et Toni Negri sont articulées autour de la problématique de la communication et des dispositifs technico-informationnels en fonctionnement aujourd'hui, pour montrer succinctement comment ils problématisent, critiquent et répondent à certains problèmes soulevés dans ce domaine. Dans le contexte des sociétés de contrôle et de l'Empire, le capitalisme fonctionne avant tout comme un opérateur sémiotique qui transforme et conditionne en profondeur les processus de subjectivation des individus fondés sur le travail, le langage, les relations et les affections. Ainsi, dans un premier temps du texte, il sera montré comment la philosophie de Deleuze se compose en grande partie comme une résistance à ce pouvoir de subjectivation, notamment au regard des formes de communication mobilisées par celui-ci et, dans un second temps, comme Franco Berardi, poursuivant cette critique, propose une insurrection du langage par rapport aux effets du capitalisme financier et informatisé sur la vie des individus, évoquant un refus ou un défaut poétique promu contre ces dispositifs de pouvoir.

7.
Rev. latinoam. psicopatol. fundam ; 25(4): 580-596, out.-dez. 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1424089

ABSTRACT

Abordarei, neste artigo, as repetições de fala sintomáticas e sua relação com a estruturação subjetiva do sujeito. Com base nos princípios do interacionismo brasileiro e da clínica de linguagem, numa visada pela psicanálise, serão discutidos os princípios da repetição enquanto estruturante do sujeito na aquisição de linguagem e como esse fenômeno passa a ser sintoma - lido como ecolalia na clínica de linguagem. Com base nessas teorias, discute-se a incorporação de fragmentos da fala de outros sujeitos como mecanismo de entrada da criança na linguagem como algo estrutural, e por isso mesmo também tem a face de aprisionar o falante, dizendo assim de uma estruturação subjetiva que foge à lógica da chamada "normalidade".


This article discusses the symptomatic speech repetitions and their relation to the subjective structuring of the individual. Based on the principles of Brazilian Interactionism and the language clinic, towards a psychoanalytical perspective, the text discusses the principles of repetition as structuring elements of the subject during language acquisition and how this phenomenon becomes a symptom - called echolalia by the language clinic. Based on these theories, the incorporation of speech fragments produced by others is seen as a structuring element for language acquisition during childhood, and thus may imprison the speaker - resulting in a subjective structuring that escapes the so-called 'normality.'


Cet article traite des répétitions symptomatiques de la parole et de leur relation avec la structuration subjective du sujet. En se basant sur les principes de l'interactionnisme brésilien et de la clinique du langage, vers une perspective psychanalytique, le text discute les principes de la répétition comme facteur structurant du sujet pendant l'acquisition du langage et comment ce phénomène devient un symptôme, appelé écholalie par la clinique du langage. Sur la base de ces théories, l'incorporation de fragments de discours produits par d'autres sujets est considérée comme quelque chose de structurant dans l'entrée de l'enfant dans le langage, et peut ainsi emprisonner le locuteur - ce qui entraîne une structuration subjective qui échappe à la soi-disant "normalité".


En este artículo abordaré las repeticiones sintomáticas del habla y su relación con la estructuración subjetiva del sujeto. Con base en los principios del interaccionismo brasileño y de la clínica del lenguaje, desde la perspectiva del psicoanálisis, se discutirán los principios de la repetición como factor estructurante del sujeto en la adquisición del lenguaje y cómo ese fenómeno se convierte en síntoma, y se entiende como ecolalia en la clínica del lenguaje. Con base en estas teorías, se discute la incorporación de fragmentos del habla de otros sujetos como un mecanismo para la entrada del niño en el lenguaje como algo estructural y que aprisiona al hablante, lo que nos muestra una estructuración subjetiva que se escapa de la lógica de la llamada "normalidad".

8.
Rev. latinoam. psicopatol. fundam ; 25(4): 534-554, out.-dez. 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1424090

ABSTRACT

Neste artigo defendemos que a busca operacional-pragmática de uma maior confiabilidade diagnóstica deve levar em conta o papel que a linguagem desempenha na conceituação psicopatológica. Concluímos que, na conceituação dos sintomas psicopatológicos, a ênfase deve se deslocar das vivências para o relato sobre elas. Isso exige considerar de maneira explícita uma semântica, ou seja, uma teoria da significação, apenas pressuposta. Além disso, mostramos que essa mudança de ênfase tem implicações na concepção que se tem da natureza do sintoma psicopatológico. Concluímos também que a estipulação de critérios de suficiência para o diagnóstico psicopatológico favorece um aumento da confiabilidade à custa da consideração clínica dos casos limítrofes, estreitando formalmente a visada clínica da psicopatologia a partir do operacionalismo pragmático.


This article argues that the operational-pragmatic search for greater diagnostic reliability must consider the role played by language in psychopathological conceptualization. When conceptualizing psychopathological symptoms, the emphasis must shift from experience to reporting, which requires explicitly considering a semantics - that is, a theory of meaning - only presupposed. This shift in emphasis influences our understanding of the nature of the psychopathological symptom. In conclusion, stipulating sufficiency criteria for psychopathological diagnosis favors an increase in reliability in detriment of the clinical consideration of borderline cases, formally narrowing the clinical approach to psychopathology based on pragmatic operationalism.


Cet article soutien que la recherche pragmatique-opérationnelle d'une plus grande fiabilité diagnostique doit tenir compte du rôle joué par le langage dans la conceptualisation psychopathologique. Lors de la conceptualisation des symptômes psychopathologiques, l'accent doit être déplacé de l'expérience vers le rapport, ce qui nécessite de considérer explicitement une sémantique, c'est-à-dire une théorie du sens, juste présupposée. Ce changement d'accent influence notre compréhension de la nature du symptôme psychopathologique. En conclusion, la stipulation de critères de suffisance pour le diagnostic psychopathologique favorise une augmentation de la fiabilité au détriment de la considération clinique des cas limites, rétrécissant formellement l'approche clinique de la psychopathologie basée sur l'opérationnalisme pragmatique.


En este artículo argumentamos que la búsqueda pragmática operativa de una mayor fiabilidad diagnóstica debe tener en cuenta el papel que desempeña el lenguaje en la conceptualización psicopatológica. En la conceptualización de los síntomas psicopatológicos, se debe pasar el enfoque de las experiencias al de informar sobre ellas. Esto requiere considerar explícitamente una semántica, es decir, una teoría del significado, solo presupuesta. Además, mostramos que este cambio de enfoque tiene implicaciones en la comprensión de la naturaleza del síntoma psicopatológico. También concluimos que el establecimiento de criterios de suficiencia en el diagnóstico psicopatológico favorece un aumento de la fiabilidad en la observación clínica de los casos límite, que estrecha formalmente el abordaje clínico de la psicopatología desde el operacionalismo pragmático.

10.
Can J Aging ; 41(2): 193-202, 2022 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34253271

ABSTRACT

There is growing interest in conceptualizing and diagnosing frailty. Less is understood, however, about older adults' perceptions of the term "frail", and the implications of being classified as "frail". The purpose of this scoping review was to map the breadth of primary studies; and describe the meaning, perceptions, and perceived implications of frailty language amongst community-dwelling older adults. Eight studies were included in the review and three core themes were identified: (1) understanding frailty as inevitable age-related decline in multiple domains, (2) perceiving frailty as a generalizing label, and (3) perceiving impacts of language on health and health care utilization. Clinical practice recommendations for health care professionals working with individuals with frailty include: (1) maintaining a holistic view of frailty that extends beyond physical function to include psychosocial and environmental constructs, (2) using person-first language, and (3) using a strengths-based approach to discuss aspects of frailty.


Subject(s)
Frailty , Aged , Frail Elderly , Frailty/diagnosis , Frailty/psychology , Geriatric Assessment , Health Personnel , Humans , Independent Living , Language
11.
Mali Med ; 38(1): 56-58, 2022.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38506204

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To study the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of hemangioma of the tongue. OBSERVATION: A 65 year old man admitted to ENT for a swelling of the tongue that appeared two years ago and progressively increased in volume leading to permanent protrusion. The swelling took up the entire anterior third of the tongue. It had a reddish appearance. On palpation, it was a rounded, firm, well-limited, slightly sensitive mass, measuring 5 cm in diameter. The rest of the ENT examination was unremarkable. Lingual CT scan revealed a very limited mass with hyperechogenic content that did not increase in size after injection of the contrast agent. Surgical excision was performed and the postoperative follow-up was simple. Histology concluded that there was a hemangioma of the tongue. CONCLUSION: Hemangioma of the tongue is a rare pathology. It must be considered in front of any lingual mass in adults. Its positive diagnosis is clinical and histological.


BUT: Etudier les aspects diagnostiques et thérapeutiques de l'hémangiome de la langue. OBSERVATION: Un homme de 65 ans admis en ORL pour une tuméfaction de la langue apparue depuis deux ans ayant progressivement augmenté de volume entrainant sa protrusion permanente. La tuméfaction prenait toute le tiers antérieur de la langue. Elle était d'aspect rougeâtre. A la palpation, il s'agissait d'une masse arrondie, ferme, bien limitée, légèrement sensible, mesurant 5 cm de grand diamètre. Le reste de l'examen ORL était sans particularité. La TDM linguale a objectivé une masse bien limitée à contenu hyperechogène ne se rehaussant pas après injection du produit de contraste. L'exérèse chirurgicale a été effectuée et les suites opératoires ont été simples. L'histologie a conclu à un hémangiome de la langue. CONCLUSION: L'hémangiome de la langue est une pathologie rare. Il faut y penser devant toute masse linguale chez l'adulte. Son diagnostic positif est clinique et histologique.

12.
aSEPHallus ; 17(34): 6-18, 2022.
Article in French | LILACS | ID: biblio-1400118

ABSTRACT

Parti très jeune de son Irlande natale pour ne pas y revenir, Joyce a mené une vie d'errance. Il se définit lui-même comme un exilé et il a souhaité le rester sa vie durant. Il avait un amour des langues, un immense désir de connaissance à leur sujet. Richard Ellmann son biographe taxe ce long exil de « volontaire ¼. Joyce ne souhaitait pas que les choses changent. Il confie dans une lettre à son frère Stanislaus qu'il interprétait sa propre situation comme celle d'un exilé « J'en suis venu à accepter ma situation présente comme un exil volontaire - n'est-ce pas la vérité ? [...] ¼. Dès le "Portrait de l'artiste en jeune homme ¼ le signifiant « exil ¼ est sous-entendu. R. Ellman affirme qu'« Il avait besoin de l'exil comme un reproche adressé aux autres et d'une justification de lui-même. [...] On ne le renvoyait pas et il ne lui était pas défendu de revenir ; [...].


Tendo partido muito jovem de sua Irlanda natal para não mais voltar, Joyce levou uma vida de errância. Ele se autodefinia como um exilado e desejou permanecer assim durante toda a sua vida. Ele tinha um amor pelas línguas, um desejo imenso de conhecê-las. Richard Ellmann seu biógrafo taxa esse longo exílio de "voluntário". Joyce não queria que as coisas mudassem. Ele confessa ao seu irmão Stanislaus numa longa carta que ele interpretava sua própria situação como a de um exilado "eu cheguei a aceitar minha situação atual como um exílio voluntário ­ não é a verdade¿ [...]" Desde o "Retrato do artista quando jovem", o significante « exílio ¼ está subentendido. R. Ellman afirma que « ele tinha necessidade do exílio como uma reprovação endereçada aos outros e de uma justificativa de si mesmo[...] Não o expulsavam e ele não estava impedido de voltar; [...].


Having left his native Ireland at a very young age never to return, Joyce led a life of wandering. He defined himself as an exile and wished to remain so all his life. He had a love of languages, an immense desire to know them. Richard Ellmann his biographer rates this long exile as "voluntary." Joyce did not want things to change. He confesses to his brother Stanislaus in a long letter that he interpreted his own situation as that of an exile "I have come to accept my present situation as a voluntary exile - isn't that the truth¿ [...]" From the "Portrait of the artist as a young man" the signifier " exile " is implied. R. Ellman states that " he had need of exile as a reproach addressed to others and a vindication of himself[...] They did not expel him and he was not prevented from returning; [...].


Subject(s)
Psychoanalysis , Euphoria , Pleasure
13.
aSEPHallus ; 17(34): 19-31, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1400128

ABSTRACT

Tendo partido muito jovem de sua Irlanda natal para não mais voltar, Joyce levou uma vida de errância. Ele se autodefinia como um exilado e desejou permanecer assim durante toda a sua vida. Ele tinha um amor pelas línguas, um desejo imenso de conhecê-las. Richard Ellmann seu biógrafo taxa esse longo exílio de "voluntário". Joyce não queria que as coisas mudassem. Ele confessa ao seu irmão Stanislaus numa longa carta que ele interpretava sua própria situação como a de um exilado "eu cheguei a aceitar minha situação atual como um exílio voluntário ­ não é a verdade¿ [...]" Desde o "Retrato do artista quando jovem", o significante « exílio ¼ está subentendido. R. Ellman afirma que « ele tinha necessidade do exílio como uma reprovação endereçada aos outros e de uma justificativa de si mesmo[...] Não o expulsavam e ele não estava impedido de voltar; [...].


Parti très jeune de son Irlande natale pour ne pas y revenir, Joyce a mené une vie d'errance. Il se définit lui-même comme un exilé et il a souhaité le rester sa vie durant. Il avait un amour des langues, un immense désir de connaissance à leur sujet. Richard Ellmann son biographe taxe ce long exil de « volontaire ¼. Joyce ne souhaitait pas que les choses changent. Il confie dans une lettre à son frère Stanislaus qu'il interprétait sa propre situation comme celle d'un exilé « J'en suis venu à accepter ma situation présente comme un exil volontaire - n'est-ce pas la vérité ? [...] ¼. Dès le "Portrait de l'artiste en jeune homme ¼ le signifiant « exil ¼ est sous-entendu. R. Ellman affirme qu'« Il avait besoin de l'exil comme un reproche adressé aux autres et d'une justification de lui-même. [...] On ne le renvoyait pas et il ne lui était pas défendu de revenir ; [...].


Having left his native Ireland at a very young age never to return, Joyce led a life of wandering. He defined himself as an exile and wished to remain so all his life. He had a love of languages, an immense desire to know them. Richard Ellmann his biographer rates this long exile as "voluntary." Joyce did not want things to change. He confesses to his brother Stanislaus in a long letter that he interpreted his own situation as that of an exile "I have come to accept my present situation as a voluntary exile - isn't that the truth¿ [...]" From the "Portrait of the artist as a young man" the signifier " exile " is implied. R. Ellman states that " he had need of exile as a reproach addressed to others and a vindication of himself[...] They did not expel him and he was not prevented from returning; [...].


Subject(s)
Psychoanalysis , Euphoria , Pleasure
14.
J. psicanal ; 54(101): 123-140, jul.-dez. 2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1350995

ABSTRACT

Este artigo discute a questão da língua escolhida para fazer análise. O trabalho parte dos entraves no trabalho psicanalítico na língua materna de um analisando para pensar clínica e teoricamente a escolha de uma língua estrangeira como potente para expressar e se aprofundar na vida emocional dos sujeitos. O objetivo é problematizar os casos de pessoas polilíngues, bilíngues e as que só falam a língua materna, pensando a língua como um meio de manifestação da vida psíquica em psicanálise. Por meio de casos clínicos discutimos o uso da língua materna e de uma língua estrangeira para fazer análise, os mal-entendidos vinculares em casais interculturais e entre os migrantes no processo de elaboração do luto pela terra abandonada e a insegurança quanto à nova língua a ser aprendida no país de acolhimento.


This article discusses the language chosen for analysis. Beginning from the obstacles in psychoanalysis in the mother tongue of an analysand, analizing clinically and theoretically, the choice of a foreign language as a powerful way to express and deepen the peoples' emotional life. The objective of this paper is to examine cases of polylingual, bilingual and those who only speak their mother tongue, in which language is used as a means of expression of psychic life in psychoanalysis. Clinical cases are used to discuss subjects as: the usage of the mother tongue and a foreign language for analysis, the misunderstandings in intercultural couples, and migrants in the process of mourning the abandoned country as well as coping with the insecurities that arise from the need of learning a new language in the host country.


Este artículo discute el tema del idioma elegido para el análisis. El trabajo parte de los obstáculos en el trabajo psicoanalítico en la lengua materna de un analizando, para pensar clínica y teóricamente, la elección de una lengua extranjera como una forma poderosa de expresar y profundizar sobre la vida emocional de los sujetos. El objetivo es problematizar los casos de personas polilingües, bilingües y aquellos que solo hablan su lengua materna, pensando en el idioma como un medio de manifestación de la vida psíquica en psicoanálisis. A través de casos clínicos se discute el uso de la lengua materna y la lengua extranjera para el análisis, los malentendidos entre parejas interculturales y los migrantes en proceso de duelo por la tierra abandonada y la inseguridad sobre la nueva lengua a aprender en el país de acogida.


Cet article aborde la question du langage choisi pour l'analyse. Cet ouvrage part des obstacles dans le travail psychanalytique dans la langue maternelle d'un analysant à penser cliniquement et théoriquement, le choix d'une langue étrangère comme moyen puissant d'exprimer et d'approfondir la vie émotionnelle des sujets. L'objectif est de problématiser les cas des polylingues, des bilingues et de ceux qui ne parlent que leur langue maternelle, en pensant le langage comme moyen de manifestation de la vie psychique en psychanalyse. À travers des cas cliniques, nous discutons de l'utilisation de la langue maternelle et d'une langue étrangère pour l'analyse, des incompréhensions entre couples interculturels et migrants en train de faire le deuil de la terre abandonnée et de l'insécurité face à la nouvelle langue à apprendre dans le pays d'accueil.


Subject(s)
Psychoanalysis , Transients and Migrants , Communication Barriers , Language
15.
Estilos clín ; 26(1): 115-128, jan.-abr. 2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1286420

ABSTRACT

O artigo propõe uma discussão acerca de um dos mais significativos debates teórico-clínicos no âmbito da psicanálise: o autismo é ou não uma psicose? Trata-se, ou não, de uma outra estrutura? No campo da teoria psicanalítica, observa-se a existência de premissas distintas que vão desde a ideia de uma semelhança/diferença estrutural entre autismo e psicose à conjetura do autismo como uma "não" estrutura. Tendo isso em vista, buscamos apresentar, neste artigo, as concepções de Lefort, R. e Lefort, de Vorcaro e de Jean-Claude Maleval sobre a estruturação psíquica dos autistas, as aproximações e distanciamentos em relação à clínica das psicoses. Com efeito, chegamos ao entendimento de que considerar o autismo como uma estrutura independente abre uma nova possibilidade de localização estrutural para o sujeito, o que implica reconhecer que há um modo singular de as crianças autistas se posicionarem frente à linguagem.


El artículo propone una discusión sobre uno de los debates teórico-clínicos más significativos en el ámbito del psicoanálisis: ¿es el autismo una psicosis o no? ¿Es o no es otra estructura? En el campo de la teoría psicoanalítica, hay premisas distintas que van desde la idea de una similitud / diferencia estructural entre el autismo y la psicosis hasta la conjetura del autismo como una estructura del "no". Con esto en mente, buscamos presentar, en este artículo, las concepciones de Lefort, R. y Lefort, Vorcaro y Jean-Claude Maleval, sobre la estructuración psíquica de las personas autistas, las aproximaciones y distancias en relación a la clínica de las psicosis. De hecho, llegamos a entender que considerar el autismo como una estructura independiente abre una nueva posibilidad de ubicación estructural para el sujeto, lo que implica reconocer que existe una forma única para que los niños autistas se posicionen en relación al lenguaje.


The article proposes a discussion about one of the most significant theoretical-clinical debates in the scope of psychoanalysis: is autism a psychosis or not? Is it, or is it not, another structure? In the field of psychoanalytic theory, there are distinct premises that range from the idea of a structural similarity / difference between autism and psychosis to the conjecture of autism as a "no" structure. With this in mind, we seek to present, in this article, the conceptions of Lefort, R. and Lefort, Vorcaro and Jean-Claude Maleval, about the psychic structuring of autistic people, the approximations and distances in relation to the clinic of psychoses. In fact, we came to the understanding that considering autism as an independent structure opens up a new possibility of structural location for the subject, which implies recognizing that there is a unique way for autistic children to position themselves in relation to language.


L'article propose une discussion sur l'un des débats théorico-cliniques les plus significatifs dans le cadre de la psychanalyse: l'autisme est-il une psychose ou non? Est-ce ou n'est-ce pas une autre structure? Dans le domaine de la théorie psychanalytique, il existe différentes prémisses qui vont de l'idée d'une similitude / différence structurelle entre l'autisme et la psychose à la conjecture de l'autisme en tant que structure «non¼. Dans cette optique, nous cherchons à présenter, dans cet article, les conceptions de Lefort, R. et Lefort, Vorcaro et Jean-Claude Maleval, sur la structuration psychique des personnes autistes, les approximations et les distances par rapport à la clinique des psychoses . En fait, nous en sommes venus à comprendre que considérer l'autisme comme une structure indépendante ouvre une nouvelle possibilité de localisation structurelle pour le sujet, ce qui implique de reconnaître qu'il existe une manière unique pour les enfants autistes de se positionner par rapport au langage.


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychoanalytic Theory , Psychotic Disorders , Autistic Disorder , Language
16.
Psicol. USP ; 32: e200085, 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1279544

ABSTRACT

Resumo O objetivo deste ensaio teórico é discutir a noção de linguagem e a relação com os outros na fenomenologia de Merleau-Ponty como possível fundamento para a psicoterapia humanista-fenomenológica com crianças. Para Merleau-Ponty, a linguagem se apresenta como experiência viva e intersubjetiva, e o reconhecimento de si e de outrem pela criança não se daria na intelecção, mas pela dimensão experiencial. O psicoterapeuta escuta a criança naquilo que ela tem a dizer e sua participação se dá como reconhecimento e afetação diante da linguagem infantil. A relação se constitui numa dupla reversibilidade: reconhecimento do outro pela criança em sua própria experiência de corpo e dos sentimentos manifestos acerca de outrem; e afetação do encontro vivenciado tanto pelo psicoterapeuta como pela criança. Concluímos que esta proposta representa uma fecunda contribuição para a psicoterapia humanista-fenomenológica com crianças ao privilegiar a compreensão da criança para além dos estereótipos e noções cristalizadas de infância.


Resumen Este ensayo teórico tiene como objetivo discutir la noción del lenguaje y la relación con otros en la fenomenología de Merleau-Ponty como una posible base para la psicoterapia humanista-fenomenológica con niños. Para Merleau-Ponty, el lenguaje se presenta como una experiencia viva e intersubjetiva y el reconocimiento de uno mismo y del otro por parte del niño no ocurre en la intelección, sino en la dimensión experiencial. El psicoterapeuta escucha al niño en lo que tiene que decir y su participación se lleva a cabo como reconocimiento y afectación frente al lenguaje infantil. La relación constituye una doble reversibilidad: el reconocimiento del otro por parte del niño en su propia experiencia del cuerpo y de los sentimientos manifiestos sobre los demás; y la afectación del encuentro, experimentado tanto por el psicoterapeuta como por el niño. Se concluye que esta propuesta representa una contribución fructífera a la psicoterapia humanista-fenomenológica con niños al privilegiar la comprensión del niño más allá de los estereotipos y las nociones cristalizadas de la infancia.


Résumé Cet essai théorique vise à discuter la notion de langage et la relation avec les autres dans la phénoménologie de Merleau-Ponty, en tant que fondement possible d'une psychothérapie humaniste-phénoménologique pour les enfants. Pour Merleau-Ponty, le langage est une expérience vivante et intersubjective, et la reconnaissance de soi et de l'autre par l'enfant ne se ferait pas par l'intellection, mais par la dimension expérientielle. Le psychothérapeute écoute l'enfant dans ce qu'il a à dire et sa participation se produit comme une reconnaissance et une affectation face au langage des enfants. La relation constitue une double réversibilité : la reconnaissance de l'autre par l'enfant dans sa propre expérience corporelle et les sentiments qu'il manifeste à l'égard de l'autre ; et l'affectation de la rencontre, vécue à la fois par le psychothérapeute et par l'enfant. Nous concluons que cette proposition représente une contribution fructueuse à la psychothérapie humaniste-phénoménologique pour enfants en privilégiant la compréhension de l'enfant au-delà des stéréotypes et des notions cristallisées de l'enfance.


Abstract Our article aims at discussing the notion of language and the relationship with others in Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology as a possible foundation for humanistic-phenomenological psychotherapy with children. For Merleau-Ponty, language presents itself as a living and intersubjective experience and the recognition of oneself and others by the child would not occur in intellection, but through the experiential dimension. The psychotherapists listen to the child and their participation occurs as recognition and affectation in the face of children's language. The relationship constitutes a double reversibility: recognition of the other by the child in his own experience of the body and of the manifest feelings about others; affectation of the encounter, experienced by both the psychotherapist and the child. We conclude that this proposal represents a fruitful contribution to humanistic-phenomenological psychotherapy with children by privileging the child's understanding beyond stereotypes and crystallized notions of childhood.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Play Therapy , Psychotherapy , Child Language
17.
Estilos clín ; 25(3): 201-517, maio-dez. 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1286404

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho se originou no atendimento psicanalítico de crianças com surdez e seus familiares. Considerou-se, na singularidade do encontro entre o analista e o sujeito, a língua de sinais como nó inquietante ao redor da qual o Real da transferência era percebido em seus efeitos e a posição ocupada pela criança no discurso materno evidenciava-se. Os efeitos da língua de sinais transitavam entre o incômodo, com tentativas de impedir sua circulação no discurso, e o apaziguamento, em momentos em que trazia sentido e fazia movimentar a cadeia de significantes. Para além da especificidade dos conteúdos analisados, pretende-se expor considerações quanto à língua materna dos sujeitos com surdez, articulando-a com conceitos referentes à dinâmica pulsional dos objetos a - voz e olhar. Tais objetos se apresentaram de modo singular e suas particularidades estiveram relacionadas à língua materna e ao modo como ela se colocou para os sujeitos quando ocorreu o diagnóstico da surdez. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, foram utilizados trechos dos casos clínicos analisados a fim de contribuir para o desenvolvimento das proposições e articulações teóricas.


Este trabajo se originó a partir del cuidado psicoanalítico de los niños sordos y sus familias, teniendo, en la singularidad del encuentro entre el analista y el sujeto, el lenguaje de señas como un nudo que trajo reflexiones, alrededor del cual se percibía lo Real de la transferencia en sus efectos y la posición ocupada por el niño en el discurso de la madre era evidente. Los efectos del lenguaje de señas pasaron entre la inquietud, con intentos de evitar su circulación en el discurso, y apaciguamiento, en momentos que dieron sentido y movieron la cadena de significantes. Además de la especificidad de los contenidos analizados, se presentan consideraciones con respecto a la lengua materna de los sujetos sordos, articulando conceptos relacionados con la dinámica de conducción de los objetos voz y mirada, que se presentaron de una manera única. Sus características se relacionaron con la lengua materna y con la forma cómo la lengua materna se presentó para los sujetos cuando recibieron el diagnóstico de la sordera. Para lograr los objetivos, se emplearon extractos de los casos clínicos analizados para contribuir al desarrollo de las proposiciones y articulaciones teóricas.


This work originated from the psychoanalytical care of deaf children and their families, having, in the singularity of the encounter between the analyst and the subject, the sign language as a disturbing knot, around which the Real of the transfer was perceived in its effects and the position occupied by the child in the mother's speech was evident. The effects of sign language passed between the nuisance, with attempts to prevent its circulation in the speech; and appeasement, in moments that brought meaning and moved the chain of signifiers. In addition to the specificity of the analyzed contents we intend to expose considerations regarding the mother tongue of deaf subjects, articulating concepts related to the drive dynamics of objects voice and gaze. These happened in a unique way and the particularities were related to the mother tongue and how it was placed for these subjects when deafness was diagnosed. To achieve the proposed objectives we will use some excerpts of the clinical cases analyzed, in the format of vignettes, in order to contribute to the development of the propositions and theoretical articulations.


Ce travail est né de la prise en charge psychanalytique des enfants sourds et de leurs familles. Dans la singularité de la rencontre entre l'analyste et le sujet, la langue des signes était vue comme un nœud inquiétant autour duquel le Réel du transfert était perçu dans ses effets et la place occupée par l'enfant dans le discours de la mère était évidente. Les effets du langage des signes évoluent entre l'inconfort, avec des tentatives d'empêcher sa circulation dans le discours, et l'apaisement, dans des moments où il apportait du sens et faisait bouger la chaîne des signifiants. En plus de la spécificité du contenu analysé, nous avons l'intention d'exposer des considérations concernant la langue maternelle des sujets atteints de surdité, en l'articulant avec des concepts liés à la dynamique pulsionnelle des objets à - voix et regard. Ces objets étaient présentés de manière unique et leurs particularités étaient liées à la langue maternelle et à la manière dont elle était présentée aux sujets lors du diagnostic de surdité. Pour atteindre les objectifs proposés, des extraits des cas cliniques analysés ont été utilisés afin de contribuer au développement de propositions et d'articulations théoriques.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Sign Language , Transference, Psychology , Deafness
18.
Rev Mal Respir ; 37(9): 699-709, 2020 Nov.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33071062

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: There is no validated Arabic version of the French questionnaire of quality of life, the VQ11. This study aimed to test the applicability of the Arabic version of the VQ11 in Tunisian patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: It was a prospective and cross-sectional study, spread over seven months, that included 40 stable COPD male patients. The Arabic version of VQ11, translated by a bilingual expert, was used. The functional, psychological, relational and total scores were calculated. Patients were divided into two groups according to the GOLD classification: "A-B" (n=25) and "C-D" (n=15). A significant correlation-coefficient (r) of≥0.51, between the VQ11 total score and the ADO index (age, dyspnoea, obstruction), and higher quality of life scores in GOLD "C-D" when compared to GOLD "A-B" would be in favour of application of the Arabic version of the VQ11. RESULTS: The mean±standard deviation of age, post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC, ADO index and VQ11 total score were 64±8 years, 0.55±0.08, 4.8±1.7 and 2±10, respectively. A significant "r" (0.56) was identified between the ADO index and the total score. Psychological, relational and total scores of GOLD "A-B" patients were significantly lower than those in GOLD "C-D" patients: 10±4 vs. 12±3, 11±4 vs. 13±3 and 30±11 vs. 36±7, respectively. CONCLUSION: The Arabic version of VQ11 is applicable in Tunisian COPD patients with reliable results.


Subject(s)
Cross-Cultural Comparison , Language , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires , Aged , Arabs/statistics & numerical data , Comorbidity , Fasting/physiology , Female , France/epidemiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/psychology , Religion and Medicine , Reproducibility of Results , Severity of Illness Index , Smoking/epidemiology , Smoking/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Translating , Tunisia/epidemiology
19.
Can Bull Med Hist ; 37(2): 395-426, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32822552

ABSTRACT

The Association des médecins de langue française d'Amérique du Nord (AMLFAN) was founded in Québec at the turn of the twentieth century. The physicians who convened at the Association between 1902 and 1910 shared a concern for the degeneration of the French-Canadian "race" under the effects of alcoholism, tuberculosis, and syphilis. For hygienists such as Arthur Rousseau and Charles-Narcisse Valin, this state of degeneration called for hygienic measures that would help regenerate and improve the French-Canadian race. While their suggestion that marriages be matched scientifically in order to prevent the transmission of hereditary and acquired defects from parent to offspring may be reminiscent of eugenics, French-Canadian physicians seemed to have no knowledge of Sir Francis Galton - eugenics' "founding father" - and his work on the topic. This article compares French-Canadian eugenic discourses with Galtonian eugenics in order to shed light on the particularities of the French-Canadian case.


Subject(s)
Eugenics/history , Hygiene/history , Societies, Medical/history , Congresses as Topic/history , Female , Health Status , History, 20th Century , Humans , Male , Quebec
20.
Soins ; 65(843-844): 47-50, 2020.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32563510

ABSTRACT

Children of migrants develop and grow up with two languages, that of their family and that learnt at school, and within the two corresponding worlds. This transcultural situation entails a degree of vulnerability, and these children need to learn to reconcile the two worlds. In the setting of care, these different worlds and languages should be taken into account for what they are. This is an ethical requirement, and also a pragmatic approach, contributing to the efficacy of the care of these children. In this article we analyse the factors to take into account for all to provide adequate care for children of migrants, and we explore the modes of referral to specialised transcultural consultations if necessary.


Subject(s)
Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Multilingualism , Transients and Migrants , Child , Humans
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