The Olfactory System Revealed: Non-Invasive Mapping by using Constrained Spherical Deconvolution Tractography in Healthy Humans.

Although the olfactory sense has always been considered with less interest than the visual, auditive or somatic senses, it does plays a major role in our ordinary life, with important implication in dangerous situations or in social and emotional behaviors. Traditional Diffusion Tensor signal model and related tractography have been used in the past years to reconstruct the cranial nerves, including the olfactory nerve (ON). However, no supplementary information with regard to the pathways of the olfactory network have been provided. Here, by using the more advanced Constrained Spherical Deconvolution (CSD) diffusion model, we show for the first time in vivo and non-invasively that, in healthy humans, the olfactory system has a widely distributed anatomical network to several cortical regions as well as to many subcortical structures. Although the present study focuses on an healthy sample size, a similar approach could be applied in the near future to gain important insights with regard to the early involvement of olfaction in several neurodegenerative disorders.

Las estrías olfatorias del ser humano y propuesta de inclusión en la terminologia anatomica de estría olfatoria intermedia / Olfactory stria in the human being and proposal for inclusion in terminologia anatomica of olfactory intermediate stria

Las estrías olfatorias del ser humano son dos divisiones del tracto olfatorio, tradicionalmente identificadas como medial y lateral, reconocibles a nivel del trígono olfatorio y asociadas con la corteza piriforme. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar tomando como referentes treinta y seis nervios olfatorios de cerebros frescos, la presencia de más de dos estrías olfatorias y verificar si hay estría olfatoria intermedia. Se concluye que las estrías olfatorias son variables en número de dos a tres y que se debe incluirse en la Terminologia Anatomica el término estría intermedia.

The human olfactory stria are two divisions of the olfactory tract, traditionally identified as medial and lateral olfactory stria, recognizable at the level of the olfactory trigone, and associated with the piriform cortex. The aim of this work was to study taking as reference thirty six fresh brain's olfactory nerves, the presence of more than two olfactory stria and check for intermediate olfactory stria. It is concluded that the olfactory stria are variable in number from two to three and this should be included in the Terminologia Anatomica as the term stria intermedia.