ABSTRACT
BackgroundSweep pattern visual evoked potential(SPVEP) acuity,as an objective detective technique of visual function,can be used to measure visual acuity in children and uncooperative adults.Recent studies have shown that the amplitude-logarithm of the visual angle (A-LogVA) function regression method was more accurate than the amplitude-spatial frequency (A-SP)function regression method in evaluating SPVEP acuity.Objective This study was to explore the clinical use of SPVEP acuity in visual developing children and compare the evaluating the SPVEP acuity of children between A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method.Methods Twenty-six eyes of 26 asthenopic children with age range of 3-12 years and 31 age-matched normal children were enrolled in this study.SPVEP acuity was recorded with GT-2000 NV ( GUOTE MEDICAL APPARATUS LTD,China) using sinusoidally modulated horizontal gratings of 10 different spatial frequencies from 0.99 to 12.89 cpd as stimulus.The responses were averaged and displayed through discrete Fourier transformations (DFT) on the monitor display.SPVEP acuity was estimated by using both the SPVEP A-SP function regression method and the SPVEP A-LogVA function regression method.The LogMAR chart was used to acquire LogMAR visual acuity.ResultsIn the normal group,the correlation coefficient between LogMAR visual acuity and acuity calculated by the A-SP function regression method was 0.600 (P＜0.01).The correlation coefficient between LogMAR visual acuity and acuity calculated by the A-LogVA function regression method was 0.733 ( P＜0.01 ).The ANOVA of the LogMAR acuity and the SPVEP acuity calculated from the A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method were 113.173 (P＜0.01 ),which indicated that there were significant difference among all of subjects.The differences of the mean values of LogMAR visual acuity and the SPVEP acuity calculated from the A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method were respectively 0.40±0.02,0.26 ±0.02 and 0.14 ± 0.02.In the amblyopia group,the correlation coefficient between LogMAR visual acuity and acuity calculated by the A-SP function regression method was 0.134 (P =0.515 ).The correlation coefficient between LogMAR visual acuity and acuity calculated by the A-LogVA function regression method was 0.456 ( P＜0.05 ).The ANOVA of the LogMAR acuity and the SPVEP acuity calculated from the A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method were 3.433 (P＜0.05),indicating that there were significant difference among all of subjects.The differences of the mean values of LogMAR visual acuity and the SPVEP acuity calculated from the A-SP function regression method and A-LogVA function regression method were 0.07±0.05,0.12±0.05 and 0.05 ±0.01 respectively.Conclusions SPVEP can evaluate the visual acuity in children,although SPVEP acuity may overestimate or underestimate acuity in comparison with different LogMAR visual acuities.The amplitude-LogVA function regression method is more accurate in extrapolating SPVEP acuity.
ABSTRACT
A tertiary care center-based prospective case-control study was undertaken to evaluate the association of contrast sensitivity with LogMAR visual acuity and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in 205 cases of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and 115 controls. LogMAR visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were scored using ETDRS and Pelli-Robson charts, respectively. Bivariate correlation between contrast sensitivity and LogMAR visual acuity showed significant inverse correlation in cases without retinopathy (r = -0.466) and with non-proliferative retinopathy (r = -0.307). In a multivariate model, on applying linear regression analysis, LogMAR visual acuity (p < 0.001) and HbA1c (p = 0.002) had significant association with contrast sensitivity. Significant difference in contrast sensitivity was not observed between cases without diabetic retinopathy and with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, implying no association with retinal microvascular changes. Contrast sensitivity dysfunction observed in diabetes mellitus results from changes in retinal function secondary to alteration in carbohydrate metabolism depicted in glycosylated hemoglobin.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To introduce a new standardized logMAR visual acuity chart and its clinical application.Methods: The new visual acuity chart and notations were designed based on Weber-Fechner theorem.The E optotype on the chart had 3 limbs of equal length.A regular geometric progression of optotype sizes and distribution was employed to arrange 14 lines with 4 optotypes on each line.The progression rate of optotype size between 2 lines was 10 and the testing distance was 3 m.The visual acuity score could be recorded as logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution(logMAR) notation or decimal notation.The reliability of naked distant measurements with this new chart was tested in one eye of 100 subjects taking the Chinese national standard logarithm visual acuity chart(CSVAC) standard.Results: This new chart overcame the shortcomings of different number of optotypes on each line and fewer optotypes at the top of CSVAC.Several visual acuity notations were adopted and conversion between different notations was very convenient in this new chart.The measurements of this new chart had significant correlation and good agreement with CSVAC.Conclusion: The new standardized logMAR visual acuity chart is reliable,easy to use and accurate.It can be applied in clinical teaching and research of ophthalmology and optometry.