ABSTRACT
El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre el tratamiento con medicamentos antiepilépticos en el niño. Un aspecto importante en el tratamiento de la epilepsia es disminuir o lograr la cesación de las crisis epilépticas para garantizar una calidad de vida adecuada. Existen varios factores que se deben considerar en el momento de seleccionar el primer medicamento antiepiléptico, entre los se encuentran la eficacia relativa, la tolerabilidad, las interacciones medicamentosas y seguridad a largo plazo del fármaco seleccionado, el tipo de crisis epiléptica, el síndrome epiléptico, la edad, el sexo, el peso, las comorbilidades asociadas, entre otros. Si se decide emplear tratamiento adjunto, deben combinarse medicamentos con diferentes mecanismos de acción. Todos los antiepilépticos clásicos o de primera generación son medicamentos eficaces que continúan desempeñando un papel importante en el tratamiento actual de la epilepsia. Estos fármacos en la actualidad se emplean en el tratamiento de primera opción para muchos tipos de crisis epilépticas o síndromes epilépticos. Son pocos los medicamentos antiepilépticos de segunda generación que en la actualidad se consideran de primera elección para el tratamiento de la epilepsia en el niño(AU)
The objective of this paper was to make a literature review on the antiepileptic drug treatment for children. An important aspect of this type of treatment is to reduce or to cease epileptic crises in order to assure better quality of life. There are several factors that should be considered at the time of selecting the first antiepileptic drug such as relative efficacy, tolerability, drug interactions and long-term safety of the selected drug, type of seizure, epileptic syndrome, age, sex, weight, associated comorbidities and others. If one decides to use a combined treatment, then drugs having various mechanisms of action must be selected. The first-generation or classical antiepileptic drugs are all effective and continue playing an important role in the present treatment of epilepsy. These drugs are currently used as treatment of choice for many types of seizures or epileptic syndromes. Few second generation antiepileptic drugs are considered at present to be the first choice for the treatment of epilepsy in the child(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Epilepsy/prevention & control , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Seizures/drug therapyABSTRACT
El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre el tratamiento con medicamentos antiepilépticos en el niño. Un aspecto importante en el tratamiento de la epilepsia es disminuir o lograr la cesación de las crisis epilépticas para garantizar una calidad de vida adecuada. Existen varios factores que se deben considerar en el momento de seleccionar el primer medicamento antiepiléptico, entre los se encuentran la eficacia relativa, la tolerabilidad, las interacciones medicamentosas y seguridad a largo plazo del fármaco seleccionado, el tipo de crisis epiléptica, el síndrome epiléptico, la edad, el sexo, el peso, las comorbilidades asociadas, entre otros. Si se decide emplear tratamiento adjunto, deben combinarse medicamentos con diferentes mecanismos de acción. Todos los antiepilépticos clásicos o de primera generación son medicamentos eficaces que continúan desempeñando un papel importante en el tratamiento actual de la epilepsia. Estos fármacos en la actualidad se emplean en el tratamiento de primera opción para muchos tipos de crisis epilépticas o síndromes epilépticos. Son pocos los medicamentos antiepilépticos de segunda generación que en la actualidad se consideran de primera elección para el tratamiento de la epilepsia en el niño(AU)
The objective of this paper was to make a literature review on the antiepileptic drug treatment for children. An important aspect of this type of treatment is to reduce or to cease epileptic crises in order to assure better quality of life. There are several factors that should be considered at the time of selecting the first antiepileptic drug such as relative efficacy, tolerability, drug interactions and long-term safety of the selected drug, type of seizure, epileptic syndrome, age, sex, weight, associated comorbidities and others. If one decides to use a combined treatment, then drugs having various mechanisms of action must be selected. The first-generation or classical antiepileptic drugs are all effective and continue playing an important role in the present treatment of epilepsy. These drugs are currently used as treatment of choice for many types of seizures or epileptic syndromes. Few second generation antiepileptic drugs are considered at present to be the first choice for the treatment of epilepsy in the child(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic useABSTRACT
El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre el tratamiento con medicamentos antiepilépticos en el niño. Un aspecto importante en el tratamiento de la epilepsia es disminuir o lograr la cesación de las crisis epilépticas para garantizar una calidad de vida adecuada. Existen varios factores que se deben considerar en el momento de seleccionar el primer medicamento antiepiléptico, entre los se encuentran la eficacia relativa, la tolerabilidad, las interacciones medicamentosas y seguridad a largo plazo del fármaco seleccionado, el tipo de crisis epiléptica, el síndrome epiléptico, la edad, el sexo, el peso, las comorbilidades asociadas, entre otros. Si se decide emplear tratamiento adjunto, deben combinarse medicamentos con diferentes mecanismos de acción. Todos los antiepilépticos clásicos o de primera generación son medicamentos eficaces que continúan desempeñando un papel importante en el tratamiento actual de la epilepsia. Estos fármacos en la actualidad se emplean en el tratamiento de primera opción para muchos tipos de crisis epilépticas o síndromes epilépticos. Son pocos los medicamentos antiepilépticos de segunda generación que en la actualidad se consideran de primera elección para el tratamiento de la epilepsia en el niño
The objective of this paper was to make a literature review on the antiepileptic drug treatment for children. An important aspect of this type of treatment is to reduce or to cease epileptic crises in order to assure better quality of life. There are several factors that should be considered at the time of selecting the first antiepileptic drug such as relative efficacy, tolerability, drug interactions and long-term safety of the selected drug, type of seizure, epileptic syndrome, age, sex, weight, associated comorbidities and others. If one decides to use a combined treatment, then drugs having various mechanisms of action must be selected. The first-generation or classical antiepileptic drugs are all effective and continue playing an important role in the present treatment of epilepsy. These drugs are currently used as treatment of choice for many types of seizures or epileptic syndromes. Few second generation antiepileptic drugs are considered at present to be the first choice for the treatment of epilepsy in the child
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Seizures/drug therapy , Epilepsy/prevention & control , Epilepsy/drug therapyABSTRACT
As epilepsias constituem a doença neurológica crônica grave mais comum e têm implicações terapêuticas relacionadas ao sexo. As informações sobre os riscos do uso das drogas antiepilépticas clássicas e novas durante a gestação são muito importantes tanto para a saúde da mulher quanto para a do feto. OBJETIVO: Realizar uma revisão da literatura referente aos aspectos terapêuticos das gestantes com epilepsia. MÉTODO: Revisão da literatura com o uso das palavras chave: epilepsia/crises/convulsões e gestação, drogas antiepilépticas, farmacocinética, teratogênese, malformações e uso de folato/ácido fólico. DISCUSSÃO E CONCLUSÃO: As metodologias utilizadas são muito variáveis além de ocorrerem complicações decorrentes do uso das novas drogas. A contribuição do uso das DAE novas e tradicionais, sua farmacocinética e a ocorrência de epilepsia/crises na gestação podem prejudicar a evolução da gravidez e não têm sido claramente delineadas. Os autores enfatizam a necessidade de estudos para avaliar o impacto da epilepsia e seu tratamento na vida reprodutiva, a fim de otimizar seu tratamento, além da necessidade de estudos farmacocinéticos durante a gestação para obtenção de melhores resultados terapêuticos e também para a diminuição dos efeitos nocivos das drogas sobre a mãe e o feto.
Epilepsy is a common neurological condition with gender-related management implications. The potential risk of using antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is a major concern for women with epilepsy who are considering pregnancy. Traditional AEDs are associated with an at least twofold risk of fetal malformation compared with the general population. The risks with the newer AEDs are still unclear and there is an urgent need for further kinetic data from pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: A review of literature referable to management issues for women with epilepsy (WWE) was undertaken for the discussion of treatment approach. METHODS: A literature search was conducted using the following key words/phrases: epilepsy/seizures and pregnancy, antiepileptic drugs, pharmacokinetics, teratogenesis, birth defects, malformations, and use of folate/folic acid. DISCUSSION: Pregnancy outcome literature for WWE spans several decades. Methodology varies and interpretation is complicated by modern management strategies. Contributions of the use of antiepileptic drugs, their pharmacokinetics, occurrence of maternal epilepsy, and seizures during pregnancy to adverse pregnancy outcomes have not been clearly delineated. CONCLUSIONS: WWE face health issues for which there are no available outcome literature to guide decision-making.
