ABSTRACT
This literature review explores the current issues and historical aspects of the problems faced by female medical students and doctors in Pakistan. The literature search comprised PubMed, Education Resources Information Centre and Google Scholar databases to look for resources from education as well as from health sector from 2009 to 2020. Due to lack of local literature on the subject, it was tried to make sense of the career barriers and enablers they face considering the underlying theory and evidence from other countries. Keeping the Pakistani context in view, it explored the interventions adopted in other countries to help reduce the gender-based issues which have resulted in the facilitation of women in health education and healthcare systems. The major gender issues identified were unequal representation of female doctors in leadership positions and in some specialties, work-life imbalances, socio-cultural norms and lack of professional development opportunities.
Subject(s)
Medicine , Physicians , Students, Medical , Female , Humans , Leadership , PakistanABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: El perfeccionamiento del proceso de formación de especialistas en Medicina General Integral lleva implícito la modelación del trabajo metodológico acorde a las exigencias actuales. Objetivo: Determinar las tendencias del trabajo metodológico en el proceso docente-educativo de la especialización en Medicina General Integral en el Policlínico Docente "Dr. Modesto Gómez Rubio" de San Juan y Martínez, provincia Pinar del Río, durante el curso 2019-2020. Método: Investigación descriptiva y transversal durante el primer semestre del curso 2019-2020. El universo estuvo integrado por 142 profesionales, constituido por residentes, profesores, tutores y directivos de la especialidad de Medicina General Integral de dicha institución. Se utilizaron métodos empíricos y procedimientos de la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Se determinaron las regularidades actuales del trabajo metodológico en el proceso docente-educativo de la especialización en Medicina General Integral en el policlínico antes mencionado. Conclusiones: De acuerdo con el desarrollo actual de la educación médica y la formación de especialistas en Medicina General Integral para su desempeño en la Atención Primaria de Salud, se hace necesario perfeccionar el trabajo metodológico del proceso docente educativo de esta especialidad, para una mayor contribución a la integralidad de los especialistas que se forman.
ABSTRACT Introduction: The quality improvement in the educational teaching process of specialist in Comprehensive General Medicine implies to perfome important methodological updated methods according to the current requirements. Objective: To determine the methodological methods used in the educational teaching process of specialist in Comprehensive General Medicine at the Policlínico Docente "Dr. Modesto Gómez Rubio" in San Juan y Martínez, Pinar del Río, from 2019 throughout 2020. Method: A descriptive and cross-sectional research during the first semester of the academic year 2019-2020 was conducted. A total of 142 health professionals like resident physicians, professors, tutors and head trainers in the Comprehensive General Medicine specialty were involved in this research. Empirical methods and descriptive statistical procedures were used. Results: Current trends concerning the educational teaching process of specialist in Comprehensive General Medicine at the mentioned clinic was determined. Conclusions: Considering the current development of medical education and the training process of specialist in Comprehensive General Medicine for their performance in Primary Health Care, it is necessary to improve the methodological methods in the educational teaching process of this specialty for a greater contribution in the integrality of specialists in training.
RESUMO Introdução: O aprimoramento do processo de formação de especialistas em Medicina Geral Integral implica a modelagem do trabalho metodológico de acordo com as exigências atuais. Objetivo: Determinar as tendências do trabalho metodológico no processo ensino-pedagógico da especialização em Medicina Geral Integral da Policlínico Docente "Dr. Modesto Gómez Rubio" de San Juan y Martínez, província de Pinar del Río, durante o ano acadêmico 2019-2020. Método: Pesquisa descritiva e transversal durante o primeiro semestre do ano letivo 2019-2020. O universo foi composto por 142 profissionais, entre residentes, professores, tutores e diretores da especialidade de Medicina Geral Integral da referida instituição. Foram utilizados métodos empíricos e procedimentos de estatística descritiva. Resultados: Foram determinadas as regularidades atuais do trabalho metodológico no processo ensino-educativo da especialização em Medicina Geral Integral na referida policlínica. Conclusões: De acordo com o atual desenvolvimento da educação médica e da formação de especialistas em Medicina Geral Integral para sua atuação na Atenção Básica à Saúde, é necessário aprimorar o trabalho metodológico do processo pedagógico pedagógico desta especialidade, para uma maior contribuição para a integralidade dos especialistas formados.
Subject(s)
Teaching/education , Education, Medical, Graduate/methods , Methodology as a Subject , General Practice/education , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Introduction: Encouraging trainee engagement with the Office of Admissions can be an effective method of training for a future career in academic medicine and allow trainees to develop critical leadership skills. Methods: This workshop consisted of a short didactic presentation, a large-group activity, and case discussions in an effort to address four objectives describing the functions of the Office of Admissions, as well as identifying opportunities for involvement and leadership skills fostered through engaging in admissions activities. The module was administered to diverse students and residents at three regional conferences at US medical schools between September and December 2019. Pre- and postworkshop surveys were used to analyze the efficacy of the workshop. Results: More than 95% of the 70 learners agreed that all four objectives had been met. Additionally, trainees had a statistically significant increase (p < .001) in confidence in their ability to address new issues, such as Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals or LGBT inclusion, through the admissions process and engage in discussion about admissions policies and practices. Discussion: This workshop was an effective tool for introducing trainees to leadership opportunities in academic medicine via involvement with the Office of Admissions. During the workshop, students expressed feedback about wanting more ways to become involved and more examples of student involvement. Attendees might also benefit from being encouraged to research the admissions processes and leadership structures at their respective institutions.
Subject(s)
Leadership , Students, Medical , Child , Humans , Schools, MedicalABSTRACT
Introduction: Increasing faculty and leader diversity has been recommended as a way for health care organizations to achieve cultural competence in their patient care mission. Given the low numbers of underrepresented groups in medical school leadership positions, teaching diverse students and trainees the concept of leadership as influence may empower them to become more involved and bring diverse perspectives to their organizations. Methods: This 70-minute workshop consisted of a short presentation, a self-assessment, small- and large-group discussions, and case studies to: (1) describe the importance of diversity in medical school leadership, (2) define leadership, (3) define self-leadership, and (4) assess one's own self-leadership skills. The workshop was implemented at three US medical schools to diverse medical students and residents between September and December of 2019. Pre- and postworkshop evaluations were analyzed. Results: Greater than 95% of learners (n = 66) agreed that the workshop's learning objectives were met. Comments suggested participants appreciated learning about the lack of diversity among medical school leaders and the importance of cultivating their role in diversity in academic medicine. The case studies were highly rated and considered effective tools for learning. Discussion: This submission defined an empowering notion of leadership as influence. It taught learners that we can all lead (by influence) if we can improve our own self-leadership skills and become involved and bring diverse perspectives to health care organizations. Future research may focus on longer-term follow-up of participants to reassess their self-leadership skills and describe their level of involvement in their organizations.
Subject(s)
Leadership , Students, Medical , Delivery of Health Care , Humans , Schools, Medical , WorkforceABSTRACT
Teniendo en cuenta las inconsistencias metodológicas y praxiológicas detectadas durante el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en los estudiantes de cuarto año de medicina, en la especialidad de Caumatología, lo cual limita el desarrollo de las habilidades clínico-terapéuticas y el desempeño como futuros profesionales, se realizó un programa educativo, eminentemente práctico, flexible y fácil de socializar, para su implementación en tiempo electivo. Con este se logró alcanzar alto nivel de satisfacción de estudiantes y profesores, así como resultados cualitativos y cuantitativos superiores
An educational program, eminently practical, flexible, of easy socialization, for its implementation in elective time was carried out taking into account the methodological and praxiologic inconsistencies detected during the teaching-learning process in the fourth year students of the Caumatology specialty, which limits the development of clinical-therapeutic skills and their performance as future professionals. With this program was possible to reach high level of students and professors satisfaction, as well as higher qualitative and quantitative results
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Surgery, Plastic/education , Health Strategies , Critical Pathways/standards , Curriculum , Students, Medical , Curriculum , Education, MedicalABSTRACT
Introduction: Despite high faculty attrition and challenges to expanding the number of clinician-researchers, career development to heighten trainees' pursuit of an academic research career remains a relatively understudied topic. Completing peer-reviewed publications during medical school increases a trainee's likelihood of becoming a future faculty member. There is a lack of educational content to guide trainees in selecting research activities, publishing, and gaining self-efficacy to pave a path towards a clinician-researcher track. Methods: The Kern model was applied to create a multimodal workshop that would heighten trainee awareness of various research opportunities, skills for conducting research, best practices in publishing, and also help them develop a personal plan to pursue research. The workshop included a presentation, reflection exercises, and a case scenario. The workshop was implemented among trainees attending professional development conferences at nine medical schools. A questionnaire assessed participants' change in self-efficacy in completing research scholarship and pursuing an academic research career. Results: Sixty medical students and seven residents participated in the workshops. Paired-sample t tests indicated a statistically significant increase in participants' perception that academic medicine would allow them to engage in research work, and in their self-efficacy to publish and succeed along a clinician-researcher track. Discussion: The workshop not only exposed participants to a variety of research activities but also provided a sense that all research types are valid, aiding some participants to identify new research opportunities. In addition, participants gained clarity on how to publish and develop a research path, which may help maintain interest in a clinician-researcher track.
Subject(s)
Career Mobility , Research Design , Research/education , Education/methods , Humans , Research/trends , Staff Development/methodsABSTRACT
Introduction: Mentorship is essential for students considering a future in academic medicine. Mentoring is recognized as one of the most important factors in determining career success through enhancing trainees' goals and productivity. An effective mentoring relationship can drive trainees' goals to fruition by providing support so that opportunistic risk can be taken and failures can be reevaluated into learning experiences. Mentorship has such importance that it was deemed mandatory in education by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Moreover, mentoring can play a significant role in helping to diversify the academic medicine workforce. Methods: This 60-minute workshop utilizes a didactic PowerPoint presentation and small-group role-play exercise to introduce participants to the importance of mentoring in the development of academic medicine careers and to provide instruction on establishing effective meetings with prospective mentors. Faculty facilitated the workshop at nine regional academic medicine conferences held across the country. Results: Eighty-seven diverse participants completed an evaluation form. In comparing pre- and postworkshop responses, there was a statistically significant increase in confidence to "Find a mentor for a career in academic medicine" (2.29 vs. 3.26, p < .001) and "Have a successful relationship with an academic medicine mentor" (2.52 vs. 3.38, p < .001). Moreover, more than 85% agreed or strongly agreed that the workshop's learning objectives were met. Discussion: Trainees from diverse backgrounds gained crucial insight into the importance of mentorship and techniques on how to establish and maintain mentors while pursuing an academic medicine career.
Subject(s)
Mentoring/trends , Mentors/education , Career Choice , Education/methods , Education, Medical, Graduate/methods , Humans , Mentoring/methods , Mentors/psychology , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Se presenta un proyecto de investigación que pretende promover la colaboración intercultural entre la atención sanitaria (estudiantes, enfermeros y médicos) y los curanderos y parteras tradicionales en los centros de salud rurales, a fin de examinar las necesidades y las circunstancias propias del contexto para elaborar medidas concretas que permitan integrar este contenido al currículo de las carreras de medicina y enfermería de la Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, de la Universidad de Cuenca y de otros centros de ese tipo en Ecuador. El proyecto tiene como finalidad vincular a los proveedores de atención sanitaria ya activos en las áreas rurales, tanto académicos como tradicionales, para intercambiar entre ellos.
An investigation project is presented aimed at promoting the intercultural collaboration between the health care staff (students, nurses and doctors) and the folk healers and traditional midwives in the rural health centers from Ecuador, in order to examine the necessities and the circumstances of the context to elaborate concrete measures that allow to integrate this content to the curriculum of the medicine and nursing careers of the Technical Particular University in Loja, from Cuenca University and from other centers of that type in the country. The project has as purpose to link the suppliers of health care who are already active in the rural areas, either as academic or as traditional, to exchange experiences among them.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Religion and Medicine , Cultural Diversity , Culturally Competent Care/ethnology , Medicine, Traditional/methods , Universities , Communication , Cooperative Behavior , Cultural Characteristics , American Indian or Alaska NativeABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 236 estudiantes desaprobados en la asignatura Morfofisiología III de primer año de medicina, pertenecientes a la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas No 2 de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero hasta mayo del 2016, con el propósito de determinar algunos aspectos psicosociales asociados al bajo rendimiento académico en dichos alumnos. Se aplicó una encuesta, la escala de estrés de Holmes y Rahe, los inventarios de ansiedad rasgo-estado y depresión de Beck. También se tuvieron en cuenta las notas de las evaluaciones frecuentes y parciales, el examen final integrador teórico y práctico, así como la trayectoria del estudiante en la asignatura. En la serie predominaron los estilos de vida inadecuados, el divorcio, la desmotivación y los altos niveles de estrés
A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 236 students who did not pass the test in the matter Morphophysiolgy III in the first year of Medicine career was carried out. They belonged to the Medical Sciences Faculty 2 in Santiago de Cuba, from January to May, 2016, with the purpose of determining some psychosocial aspects associated with the poor performance of these students. A survey, Holmes and Rahe stress scale, the anxiety feature-state and Beck depression stockchecks were carried out. The frequent and partial evaluation marks, the theoretical and practical integrating final exam as well as the experience of the student in the matter were taken into account. In the series there was a prevalence of inadequate life styles, divorce, lack of motivation and high levels of stress
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Stress, Psychological/epidemiology , Students, Medical , Underachievement , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Academic Performance , Epidemiologic Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Learning Disabilities , Life Change EventsABSTRACT
Introducción. El aprendizaje de la asignatura de Oftalmología en el municipio de Guanajay se desarrolla desde el inicio de la universalización de la Enseñanza Superior. Inmersos en el perfeccionamiento de dicha enseñanza se realizaron controles al sistema de evaluación del aprendizaje, lo que conllevó valorar conocimientos y habilidades del estudiante en el proceso docente educativo.Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados docentes en la asignatura de Oftalmología durante 10 cursos académicos. Material y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo basado en el análisis de 231 tarjetas evaluativas de los estudiantes de 5to. año de Medicina, asignatura de Oftalmología, pertenecientes a la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Artemisa, municipios Guanajay-Artemisa, desde septiembre de 2004 hasta julio de 2014. Los datos se procesaron mediante diferentes técnicas de estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Predominaron los estudiantes con buena asistencia a las actividades (63,6 por ciento). Altos porcentajes de estudiantes obtuvieron excelentes puntuaciones en su rendimiento académico, predominaron las evaluaciones de 5 en las diversas actividades. Existió correlación entre las notas del teórico y la asistencia a las actividades docentes. De los 10 cursos, en 9 se obtuvo una media del rendimiento estudiantil por encima de 90 puntos. Conclusiones: En la década estudiada existió de modo estable una buena asistencia a las actividades docentes, la cual se correlacionó con las calificaciones del examen teórico. El rendimiento académico se consideró excelente, dado el predominio de altas calificaciones en el estudiantado(AU)
Introduction: The learning of the ophthalmology subject in the village of Guanajay began to be developed with the advanced studies universalization. Absorbed in the teaching improvement some evaluations of learning systems controls were done and as a result of this, the students knowledge, skills and habits in the teaching process were valued. Objective: To evaluate the teaching results achieved by the Ophthalmology subject during 10 courses. Material and methods: Retrospective and descriptive study based on 231 evaluation cards of students from the 5th year of the Medicine career, for Ophthalmology subject in the Artemisas Medical Sciences Faculty from Guanajay and Artemisa villages from September 2004 to July 2014. The analyses were done using a descriptive statistic technique. Results: Students with good assistance to the curricular activities predominated (63,6 percent). A high percentage of students got excellent results in their academic results, being the 5 points evaluation the most usually in diverse activities. There was a correlation between the grades in the theoretical test and the attendance to the teaching-learning activities. Out of the 10 analyzed courses, in 9 there was obtained as an average, the students performance over the 90 points. Conclusions: There was a stable and good attendance to the curricular activities in the period studied, which was correlated to the grades in the theoretical exam. The academic performance was considered as excellent due to the predominance of high grades in the students(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Ophthalmology/methods , Educational Measurement/methods , Learning/ethics , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Introducción. El aprendizaje de la asignatura de Oftalmología en el municipio de Guanajay se desarrolla desde el inicio de la universalización de la Enseñanza Superior. Inmersos en el perfeccionamiento de dicha enseñanza se realizaron controles al sistema de evaluación del aprendizaje, lo que conllevó valorar conocimientos y habilidades del estudiante en el proceso docente educativo. Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados docentes en la asignatura de Oftalmología durante 10 cursos académicos. Material y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo basado en el análisis de 231 tarjetas evaluativas de los estudiantes de 5to. año de Medicina, asignatura de Oftalmología, pertenecientes a la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Artemisa, municipios Guanajay-Artemisa, desde septiembre de 2004 hasta julio de 2014. Los datos se procesaron mediante diferentes técnicas de estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Predominaron los estudiantes con buena asistencia a las actividades (63,6 por ciento). Altos porcentajes de estudiantes obtuvieron excelentes puntuaciones en su rendimiento académico, predominaron las evaluaciones de 5 en las diversas actividades. Existió correlación entre las notas del teórico y la asistencia a las actividades docentes. De los 10 cursos, en 9 se obtuvo una media del rendimiento estudiantil por encima de 90 puntos. Conclusiones: En la década estudiada existió de modo estable una buena asistencia a las actividades docentes, la cual se correlacionó con las calificaciones del examen teórico. El rendimiento académico se consideró excelente, dado el predominio de altas calificaciones en el estudiantado(AU)
Introduction: The learning of the ophthalmology subject in the village of Guanajay began to be developed with the advanced studies universalization. Absorbed in the teaching improvement some evaluations of learning system's controls were done and as a result of this, the students' knowledge, skills and habits in the teaching process were valued. Objective: To evaluate the teaching results achieved by the Ophthalmology subject during 10 courses. Material and methods: Retrospective and descriptive study based on 231 evaluation cards of students from the 5th year of the Medicine career, for Ophthalmology subject in the Artemisa's Medical Sciences Faculty from Guanajay and Artemisa villages from September 2004 to July 2014. The analyses were done using a descriptive statistic technique. Results:Students with good assistance to the curricular activities predominated (63,6 percent). A high percentage of students got excellent results in their academic results, being the 5 points evaluation the most usually in diverse activities. There was a correlation between the grades in the theoretical test and the attendance to the teaching-learning activities. Out of the 10 analyzed courses, in 9 there was obtained as an average, the student's performance over the 90 points. Conclusions: There was a stable and good attendance to the curricular activities in the period studied, which was correlated to the grades in the theoretical exam. The academic performance was considered as excellent due to the predominance of high grades in the students(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Ophthalmology/education , Educational Measurement/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , UniversitiesABSTRACT
Introducción: se confeccionó un programa vertical para internos en Medicina Interna, en el marco del perfeccionamiento del plan de estudio y han sido discutidos y valorados por profesores a lo largo del país. Objetivo: valorar el nuevo diseño por competencias del Programa del Internado Vertical en Medicina Interna.Material y Métodos: se realizó una investigación de corte cualitativo consistente en el análisis crítico de una propuesta inicial de Programa. Mediante rondas de discusión por vía electrónica centradas en la valoración del diseño por competencias. Resultados: se arribó al consenso en que el internado vertical suaviza el salto de la brecha en la preparación clínica que existe entre una carrera dirigida a formar un médico integral para la comunidad y una residencia dirigida a formar un médico integral para los hospitales. Se definen las competencias y se manifiesta su coherencia con las funciones del perfil de salida y diferentes componentes didácticos. El diseño evidencia flexibilidad adaptada a la situación asistencial dinámica del servicio de Medicina Interna en particular en la disponibilidad y calidad de los recursos.Conclusiones: el programa satisface en esencia el diseño por competencias que se ve evidenciado en sus componentes no personales. Su flexibilidad aspira a permitir que el currículo pensado y el vivido no difieran en lo fundamental y a que se puedan adoptar decisiones según exija cada situación del aprendizaje(AU)
Introduction: it has been elaborated an Internal Medicine's vertical program in the ambit of the improvement of the study program and it has been debated and assessed by professors along the length of the country. Objective: to appraise the new design for competence of the vertical program of sixth year medicine´s students in Internal Medicine. Material and Methods: the investigation was qualitative consisting of the critical analysis of the program using rounds of discussion for e-mails focusing in the assessment of the design by competences.Results: the authors arrive to consensus in that the vertical program softens the jump of the breach in the clinical preparation that exists between a career addressed to instruct an integral doctor for the community and a guided residence to instruct an integral doctor for the hospitals. Are defined the competences keeping his coherence with the functions of the profile of exit and different didactic components. The design evidences adapted flexibility to the dynamic situation of Internal Medicine's service in particular in availability and quality of the resources. Conclusions: the revised program fulfills in essence the designing for competences evidenced in its not personal components. Its flexibility pretend to allow that the thought and the lived curriculum not differ in it fundamental and to get decisions according to demand from each situat ion of learning(AU)
Subject(s)
HumansABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de 110 estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de medicina en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas No. 2 de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero hasta julio del 2014, con el objetivo de determinar algunas variables biológicas que pudieran estar relacionadas con los principales trastornos del sueño. La información fue procesada estadísticamente, con el empleo del porcentaje como medida de resumen y la aplicación de la prueba de la Χ² para valorar la posible asociación entre variables. En la serie se obtuvo que los trastornos del sueño más frecuentes fueran el insomnio, los ronquidos y las pesadillas, con predominio en las féminas; no obstante, en la mayoría de los alumnos el electroencefalograma resultó normal.
A descriptive study of 110 first year students of the medicine career was carried out in the Medical Sciences faculty No. 2 in Santiago de Cuba, from January to July, 2014, with the objective of determining some biological variables that could be related to the main sleep dysfunctions. The information was statistically processed, with the use of the percentage as summary measure and the chi squared test to evaluate the possible association between variables. In the series it was obtained that the most frequent sleep dysfunctions were insomnia, the snoring and nightmares, with prevalence in the females; nevertheless, in most of the students the electroencephalogram was normal.
Subject(s)
Sleep Wake Disorders , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Students, Medical , Respiratory Sounds , DreamsABSTRACT
La disciplina Informática médica forma parte del plan de estudios de la carrera de medicina desde el curso 1995-96. La disciplina aborda contenidos básicos de: informática, estadística y metodología de la investigación y cuenta con 120 horas lectivas. Se imparte en dos asignaturas ubicadas en los dos primeros años de la carrera. La experiencia de su enseñanza ha puesto de manifiesto deficiencias que afectan la formación para la investigación de los egresados de esta carrera, tanto en lo metodológico como en la utilización de la estadística como herramienta. Tomando como punto de partida esa experiencia, recogida en el criterio de los profesores de la disciplina de todo el país, discutidas en los talleres realizados en los cursos 2009- 2010 y 2013-2014, así como considerando las opiniones de expertos, se ha realizado un rediseño que aborda sobre todo cambios en los objetivos de las asignaturas metodología de la investigación y bioestadística, una reconsideración de la cantidad de asignaturas convenientes en la disciplina, así como de los momentos en que se considera oportuno su impartición. El rediseño realizado como parte del nuevo plan de estudios D de la carrera de medicina en Cuba, tiene en cuenta además la estrecha vinculación entre la disciplina y la estrategia curricular de investigaciones e informática. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar las características fundamentales del nuevo programa de la disciplina Informática Médica que se inserta en el plan de estudios D de la carrera de medicina(AU)
Medical Informatics discipline is part of the curriculum of medical career since scholar course 1995-1996. The discipline deals with basic contents of computer science, statistics and research methodology and has 120 hours. It is taught in two subjects located in the first two years of the curriculum. The experience in its teaching has revealed deficiencies affecting the research training of graduates, in the methodological aspect as well as in the use of statistics as a tool. To perform the new design of the discipline it was taken into account the experience in the teaching learning process during all those years, it was pick the criterion of the professors across the country, discussed in the workshops held in 2009- 2010 and 2013-2014 courses and also were considered the opinions of experts. The new design deals primarily with changes in the objectives of the subjects research methodology and biostatistics, a reconsideration of the amount of suitable courses in the discipline, as well as the location of the subjects in the curriculum. The redesign was performed as part of the new curriculum D of medicine in Cuba, also takes into account the close link between Medical Informatics discipline and the Strategy of Research and Information Technology in medicine career. The aim of this paper is to present the key features of the new program of medical informatics discipline that is inserted into the curriculum D medical career(AU)
Subject(s)
Medical Informatics/education , Education, MedicalABSTRACT
La disciplina Informática médica forma parte del plan de estudios de la carrera de medicina desde el curso 1995-96. La disciplina aborda contenidos básicos de: informática, estadística y metodología de la investigación y cuenta con 120 horas lectivas. Se imparte en dos asignaturas ubicadas en los dos primeros años de la carrera. La experiencia de su enseñanza ha puesto de manifiesto deficiencias que afectan la formación para la investigación de los egresados de esta carrera, tanto en lo metodológico como en la utilización de la estadística como herramienta. Tomando como punto de partida esa experiencia, recogida en el criterio de los profesores de la disciplina de todo el país, discutidas en los talleres realizados en los cursos 2009- 2010 y 2013-2014, así como considerando las opiniones de expertos, se ha realizado un rediseño que aborda sobre todo cambios en los objetivos de las asignaturas metodología de la investigación y bioestadística, una reconsideración de la cantidad de asignaturas convenientes en la disciplina, así como de los momentos en que se considera oportuno su impartición. El rediseño realizado como parte del nuevo plan de estudios D de la carrera de medicina en Cuba, tiene en cuenta además la estrecha vinculación entre la disciplina y la estrategia curricular de investigaciones e informática. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar las características fundamentales del nuevo programa de la disciplina Informática Médica que se inserta en el plan de estudios D de la carrera de medicina(AU)
Medical Informatics discipline is part of the curriculum of medical career since scholar course 1995-1996. The discipline deals with basic contents of computer science, statistics and research methodology and has 120 hours. It is taught in two subjects located in the first two years of the curriculum. The experience in its teaching has revealed deficiencies affecting the research training of graduates, in the methodological aspect as well as in the use of statistics as a tool. To perform the new design of the discipline it was taken into account the experience in the teaching learning process during all those years, it was pick the criterion of the professors across the country, discussed in the workshops held in 2009- 2010 and 2013-2014 courses and also were considered the opinions of experts. The new design deals primarily with changes in the objectives of the subjects research methodology and biostatistics, a reconsideration of the amount of suitable courses in the discipline, as well as the location of the subjects in the curriculum. The redesign was performed as part of the new curriculum D of medicine in Cuba, also takes into account the close link between Medical Informatics discipline and the Strategy of Research and Information Technology in medicine career. The aim of this paper is to present the key features of the new program of medical informatics discipline that is inserted into the curriculum D medical career(AU).
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Medical Informatics/education , Education, Medical , CubaABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 110 estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de medicina -- seleccionados de forma aleatoria -- de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas No. 2 de Santiago de Cuba, desde abril hasta agosto del 2014, a fin de determinar algunos aspectos psicosociales relacionados con el insomnio, para lo cual se emplearon tests psicológicos. La información se procesó estadísticamente y se aplicó la prueba de la Χ² para valorar la asociación entre las variables de interés, con lo cual se obtuvo un predominio de este trastorno del sueño en el sexo femenino, causado en sentido general por trastornos psicosociales, como elevados niveles de estrés, estilos de vida inadecuados y alta frecuencia de hábitos tóxicos.
A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 110 students of the first year medicine career -- randomly selected -- from the Medical Sciences Faculty No. 2 in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from April to August, 2014, in order to determine some psychological and social aspects related with the insomnia, for which psychological tests were used. The information was statistically processed and the chi squared test was applied to evaluate the association among the variables of interest, with which a prevalence of this sleep disorder was obtained in the female sex, caused in general sense by psychological and social disorders, as high stress levels, inadequate lifestyles and high frequency of toxic habits.
Subject(s)
Stress, Psychological , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Students, MedicalABSTRACT
Durante el curso 2007-2008 se introduce la disciplina Morfofisiología en la carrera de Medicina en Cuba, y con ello la integración de los contenidos de las ciencias básicas biomédicas centrada en la integración sistémica del organismo humano. En el trabajo se sintetizan y fundamentan varias recomendaciones derivadas de la experiencia de cinco años de su ejecución en la Facultad de Medicina de Villa Clara. Las recomendaciones se encaminan hacia el rescate de los medios de enseñanza tradicionales disponibles en los laboratorios docentes de ciencias básicas, la preparación del plantel profesoral, tanto de especialistas como profesores noveles, entre otras. Estas procuran un perfeccionamiento en la ejecución del currículo aprovechando fortalezas y oportunidades y minimizando sus debilidades respecto a la enseñanza integrada de las ciencias básicas.
During the academic year 2007-2008 was included the Morpho-physiology discipline in the Medicine career in Cuba, where the contents of the basic biomedical sciences were unified taking into account the systemic integration of the human body. This work synthesizes and states some recommendations that appeared as a result of five years of experiences while applying it in the Medicine career of Villa Clara University of Medical Sciences. These recommendations center the attention on the recovering of traditional teaching aids which are in the labs of the basic sciences, the preparation of the teaching staff, either specialists or beginners, among others. They improve the curriculum taking advantages of the strengths and opportunities and lessening the weaknesses in respect to the integrated teaching of the basic sciences.
Subject(s)
Teaching , Educational Measurement , Cell Nucleus ShapeABSTRACT
En la carrera de Medicina, a partir del curso 2008-2009, los contenidos correspondientes al examen físico de sujetos adultos sanos, que se estudiaban en la asignatura Introducción a la Clínica, pasaron a formar parte de la disciplina Medicina General Integral y fueron reorganizados de forma coincidente con la Morfofisiología, a fin de obtener una mayor vinculación básico clínica. Esta propuesta fue asumida de forma favorable por los profesores de ambas disciplinas; sin embargo, se han emitido criterios no satisfactorios entre estudiantes y docentes respecto a la precedencia que debe existir entre estas disciplinas cuando se enseñan los contenidos referidos al examen físico en Medicina General Integral, con las consiguientes dificultades que esto origina. El trabajo tiene la finalidad de diseñar propuestas de implementación curricular que favorezcan la coordinación entre las disciplinas de Medicina General Integral y Morfofisiología.
The contents related to the physical exam of healthy individuals were previously studied in the subject Introduction to the Clinics in the Medicine career, from the academic year 2008-2009 on, they are studied in the Integral General Medicine discipline, and they were reorganized in a way they coincide with Morpho-physiology, so as to grasp greater clinical- basic ties. The professors from both disciplines embraced the proposal favorably; however, some negative criteria have been expressed by the teachers and the students about the precedence of contents that should exist between both disciplines, in respect to the physical exam in the Integral General Medicine, as well as the difficulties this problem originates. The objective of this work is to design a curricular implementation proposal to favor the disciplinary coordination between the Integral General Medicine and the Morpho-physiology disciplines.
Subject(s)
National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine, U.S., Health and Medicine Division , Behavioral Disciplines and Activities , Cell Nucleus ShapeABSTRACT
Se realizó estudio cuanti-cualitativo retrospectivo en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara en el período de 2008-2010, a fin de valorar la implementación del IX semestre del modelo Policlínico Universitario. Se emplearon métodos empíricos y matemáticos, entre los primeros se utilizaron: cuestionario, grupo nominal y análisis documental. Se aplicó un instrumento evaluativo a una muestra de 72 estudiantes de quinto año de Medicina para determinar los conocimientos precedentes de las asignaturas aprobadas en el primer semestre. También se analizaron los resultados del examen estatal aplicado en julio del 2010, por ser la primera vez que se aplica luego de la ejecución de las estancias del quinto año en el escenario de la atención primaria de salud, donde coincidió lo formativo con lo laboral, con lo cual se garantizó un elevado nivel cognoscitivo de los estudiantes al prepararlos para un satisfactorio desempeño profesional.
A retrospective qualitative-quantitative study was carried out in Villa Clara University of Medical sciences from 2008 to 2010 so as to assess the implementation of the ninth semester in the University Polyclinic model. Mathematical and empirical methods were used, such as, questionnaires, nominal group and analysis of documents. An evaluative instrument was applied to a sample of 72 students from the fifth year of the Medicine career to determine the preceding knowledge they had about the subjects they had passed in the first term. The results of the state exam applied on July 2010 were also analyzed, because for the first time, it was applied after the students had finished the fifth year rotations in the primary health care scenario, where the formative and the training components coincided, this guaranteed a high cognitive level in the students while preparing them to have a satisfactory professional performance.
