Enfermedad pulmonar por micobacterias no tuberculosas: análisis de 62 casos / Non-tuberculosis mycobacterial lung disease: Analyses of 62 cases

Introducción El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue evaluar la frecuencia de aislamiento de la infección respiratoria por micobacterias no tuberculosas (MNT) y analizar las características clínico-epidemiológicas de los pacientes infectados por MNT. Métodos Estudio observacional retrospectivo de 83 muestras respiratorias con aislamiento de MNT de 62 pacientes entre los años 2015 y 2021 en el Hospital General Universitario Doctor Balmis. Resultados Se cumplían criterios de infección respiratoria por MNT en 15 pacientes (24,2%). Las MNT más frecuentemente aisladas en los pacientes que cumplieron criterios de infección fueron las pertenecientes al complejo Mycobacterium avium complex (M. avium complex). De los 15 pacientes infectados, 11 (73,3%) presentaban comorbilidad respiratoria y la comorbilidad respiratoria más frecuente en los pacientes infectados fueron las bronquiectasias (5 pacientes; 45,5%). De los pacientes infectados se pautó tratamiento antibiótico dirigido en el 83,3% de los casos. Conclusión Uno de cada 7 pacientes con aislamiento por MNT cumplen criterios de infección. Se corrobora el papel principal de las especies de M. avium complex y la relevancia del daño estructural pulmonar en el desarrollo de enfermedad pulmonar por MNT (AU)

Introduction The objective of our study was to evaluate the frequency of isolation of respiratory infection by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and to analyze the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of patients infected with NTM. Methods Retrospective observational study of 83 respiratory samples with NTM isolation from 62 patients between 2015 and 2021 at the Doctor Balmis General University Hospital. Results MNT respiratory infection criteria were met in 15 patients (24.2%). The most frequently isolated NTM's in patients who met infection criteria were those belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex. Of the 15 infected patients, 11 (73.3%) had respiratory comorbidity and the most frequent respiratory comorbidity in infected patients was bronchiectasis (5 patients; 45.5%). Of the infected patients, targeted antibiotic treatment was prescribed in 83.3% of the cases. Conclusion One in 7 patients with NTM isolation meets infection criteria. The main role of the species of Mycobacterium avium complex is corroborated, and the relevance of lung structural damage in the development of lung disease due to NTM (AU)

[Non-tuberculosis mycobacterial lung disease: Analyses of 62 cases]. / Enfermedad pulmonar por micobacterias no tuberculosas: análisis de 62 casos.

INTRODUCTION: The objective of our study was to evaluate the frequency of isolation of respiratory infection by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and to analyze the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of patients infected with NTM. METHODS: Retrospective observational study of 83 respiratory samples with NTM isolation from 62 patients between 2015 and 2021 at the Doctor Balmis General University Hospital. RESULTS: MNT respiratory infection criteria were met in 15 patients (24.2%). The most frequently isolated NTM's in patients who met infection criteria were those belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex. Of the 15 infected patients, 11 (73.3%) had respiratory comorbidity and the most frequent respiratory comorbidity in infected patients was bronchiectasis (5 patients; 45.5%). Of the infected patients, targeted antibiotic treatment was prescribed in 83.3% of the cases. CONCLUSION: One in 7 patients with NTM isolation meets infection criteria. The main role of the species of Mycobacterium avium complex is corroborated, and the relevance of lung structural damage in the development of lung disease due to NTM.