Demographic history and local adaptation of Myripnois dioica (Asteraceae) provide insight on plant evolution in northern China flora.

The flora of northern China forms the main part of the Sino-Japanese floristic region and is located in a south-north vegetative transect in East Asia. Phylogeographic studies have demonstrated that an arid belt in this region has promoted divergence of plants in East Asia. However, little is known about how plants that are restricted to the arid belt of flora in northern China respond to climatic oscillation and environmental change. Here, we used genomic-level data of Myripnois dioica across its distribution as a representative of northern China flora to reconstruct plant demographic history, examine local adaptation related to environmental disequilibrium, and investigate the factors related to effective population size change. Our results indicate M. dioica originated from the northern area and expanded to the southern area, with the Taihang Mountains serving as a physical barrier promoting population divergence. Genome-wide evidence found strong correlation between genomic variation and environmental factors, specifically signatures associated with local adaptation to drought stress in heterogeneous environments. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed joint effects of population age, mean temperature of coldest quarter, and precipitation of wettest month on effective population size (Ne). Our current study uses M. dioica as a case for providing new insights into the evolutionary history and local adaptation of northern China flora and provides qualitative strategies for plant conservation.

[Chemical constituents of Myripnois dioica].

To study the chemical constituents of the aerial parts of Myripnois dioica. Twelve compounds were separated from the 95% ethanol extract of M. dioica by using various chromatographic techniques. Their stuctures were identified on the basis of their physicochemical properties and spectral data as 8-desoxyurospermal A(1), zaluzanin C(2), dehydrozaluzanin C(3), glucozaluzanin C(4), macrocliniside B(5), macrocliniside I(6), taraxinic acid-14-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside(7), ainsliaside B(8), apigenin(9), luteolin(10), apigenin-7-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside(11), and luteolin-7-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside(12). Except for compound 8, the other compounds were isolated from this genus for the first time. Compound 8 was found to decrease blood glucose level properly in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.

Chemical constituents of Myripnois dioica / 中国中药杂志

To study the chemical constituents of the aerial parts of Myripnois dioica. Twelve compounds were separated from the 95% ethanol extract of M. dioica by using various chromatographic techniques. Their stuctures were identified on the basis of their physicochemical properties and spectral data as 8-desoxyurospermal A(1), zaluzanin C(2), dehydrozaluzanin C(3), glucozaluzanin C(4), macrocliniside B(5), macrocliniside I(6), taraxinic acid-14-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7), ainsliaside B(8), apigenin(9), luteolin(10), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(11), and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(12). Except for compound 8, the other compounds were isolated from this genus for the first time. Compound 8 was found to decrease blood glucose level properly in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.