Uterine tamponade in postpartum hemorrhage with handmade balloons: Comparison of manufacturing, infusion, and total times.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the manufacturing, infusion, and total times of handmade balloons for uterine tamponade using the El Hennawy and Alves techniques, given the failure of initial measures and uterotonic therapy to control postpartum hemorrhage. METHODS: An open clinical trial (clinical article) was conducted among 30 physicians, residents, and assistants in an Obstetrics Department. Each participant manufactured and infused one of two different balloons compared in the study, in a randomly predefined sequence. The manufacturing and infusion times were timed by the researchers and their medians were compared using the t test or Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: The manufacturing time of the El Hennawy balloon was 72 s lower in relation to the Alves balloon (P < 0.010). Regarding the infusion time, the Alves balloon was filled faster than the El Hennawy balloon (P < 0.010). The total time (manufacturing and infusion) of Alves balloon was also lower than the El Hennawy device (P < 0.010). CONCLUSIONS: Although the El Hennawy balloon was manufactured more quickly, the total time of manufacturing and infusing the Alves balloon was much faster, which makes it the most suitable device to be used in critical situations of postpartum hemorrhage.

Maternal near miss: before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare Maternal Near Miss prevalence and outcomes before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out in a university maternity hospital of high complexity. The population was divided into two groups: G1, 1 year before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic period (August 2018-July 2019) and G2, 1 year during the pandemic period (August 2020-July 2021). All pregnant/postpartum women hospitalized up to 42 days after the end of pregnancy/childbirth were included, and pregnant women who were admitted with coronavirus disease 2019/flu symptoms were excluded. The association of variables with "Maternal Near Miss" was estimated using logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 568 women from G1 and 349 women from G2 fulfilled the Maternal Near Miss criteria. The prevalence of Maternal Near Miss in pre-pandemic was 144.1/1,000 live births and during the pandemic was 78.5/1,000 live births. In the analysis adjusted for G1, the factors of days of hospitalization (PR: 1.02, CI: 1.0-1.0, p<0.05), pre-eclampsia (PR: 0.41, CI: 1.4-2.2, p<0.05), and sepsis/severe systemic infection (PR: 1.79, CI: 0.3-0.4, p<0.05) were crucial for women with the Maternal Near Miss condition to have a greater chance of being admitted to the intensive care unit. In G2, low education (PR: 0.45, CI: 0.2-0.9, p<0.05), eclampsia (PR: 5.28, CI: 3.6-7.6, p<0.05), and use of blood products (PR: 6.48, CI: 4.7-8.8, p<0.05) increased the risk of admission to the intensive care unit. CONCLUSION: During the pandemic, there was a lower prevalence of Maternal Near Miss in high-risk pregnancies, fewer hospitalizations, and more deaths compared to the non-pandemic period.

Fatores de risco para near miss materno: revisão integrativa / Risk factors for maternal near miss: an integrative review / Factores de riesgo para near miss materno: revisión integrativa

Objetivo: sumarizar os principais fatores de risco relacionados ao near miss materno. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca foi efetuada em 21 de março de 2021, nas bases de dados: NationalLibrary of Medicine - Medline via PubMed; Current Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; Science Direct,Elservier's Scopus, Web of Science e no portal da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde. Os estudos foram avaliados com a Hierarchy of Evidence for Intervention Studies. Resultados: 12 artigos compuseram a revisão, todos de método quantitativo e idioma inglês. As evidências destacaram como risco para near miss materno: distúrbios hipertensivos, complicações hemorrágicas e a sepse puerperal. Demais achados relacionam-se à distância da moradia e dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde além da baixa escolaridade. Conclusões: os fatores de risco para near miss materno se relacionam com pré-natal inadequado, decorrente de questões geográficas e falta de acesso aos serviços, questões econômicas, educacionais e sociais.

Risk factors for unplanned paediatric intensive care unit admission after anaesthesia-an international multicentre study.

Objectives: Unplanned intensive care unit (ICU) admissions are associated with near-miss events, morbidity, and mortality. We describe the rate, resource utilization, and outcomes of paediatric patients urgently admitted directly to ICU post-anaesthesia compared to other sources of unplanned ICU admissions. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of data from specialist paediatric hospitals in 7 countries. Patients urgently admitted to the ICU post-anaesthesia were combined and matched with 1 to 3 unique controls from unplanned ICU admissions from other locations by age and hospital. Demographic, clinical, and outcome variables were compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables and chi-square or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. The effect of admission sources on binary outcomes was estimated using univariable conditional logistic regression models with stratification by matched set of anaesthesia and non-anaesthesia admission sources. Results: Most admissions were <1 year of age and for respiratory reasons. Admissions post-anaesthesia were shorter, occurred later in the day, and were more likely to be mechanically ventilated. Admissions post-anaesthesia were less likely to have had a previous ICU admission (4.8% compared to 11%, P=0.032) or PIM 'high-risk diagnosis' (9.5% versus 17.2%, P=0.035) but there was no difference in the number of subsequent ICU admissions. There was no difference in the PIM severity of illness score and no mortality difference between the groups. Conclusions: Young children and respiratory indications dominated unplanned ICU admissions post-anaesthesia, which was more likely later in the day and with mechanical ventilation.

Prevalencia de eventos adversos y sus manifestaciones en profesionales de la salud como segundas víctimas / Prevalence of adverse events and their manifestations in health professionals as second victims

Introducción. Los eventos adversos pueden causar daño al paciente y también afectar a los profesionales de la salud, lo que los convierte en segundas víctimas. Las intervenciones se han enfocado principalmente en los pacientes, pero poca atención se ha prestado a los profesionales de la salud, probablemente por falta de herramientas. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de eventos adversos y describir sus manifestaciones en el personal asistencial, con el fin de evidenciar el fenómeno de las segundas víctimas en un hospital de alta complejidad. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio transversal analítico mediante una encuesta a 419 profesionales asistenciales de las áreas de hospitalización, urgencias y cirugía en un hospital de alta complejidad de Medellín en el 2019. Se estimó la frecuencia de eventos adversos, y se determinó su asociación con algunas variables laborales y demográficas. Resultados. El 93,1 % de los entrevistados conocía de casos de incidentes y el 79 %, de eventos adversos graves. El 44,4 % se había visto involucrado en un evento adverso, y el 99 % de estos expresaba sentirse como segunda víctima por experimentar dificultad para concentrarse, sentimientos de culpa, cansancio, ansiedad y dudas sobre sus decisiones. El 95 % quería recibir capacitación para afrontar las consecuencias de los eventos adversos y saber cómo informar al paciente. Conclusiones. Con frecuencia los profesionales de la salud se exponen a eventos adversos que pueden causarles emociones negativas como culpa, cansancio, ansiedad e inseguridad. La mayoría de los profesionales que participan en un evento adverso manifiestan sentimientos como segunda víctima. El informar al paciente sobre un evento adverso requiere preparación y la mayoría de los profesionales entrevistados pidió capacitación en el tema.

Introduction: Adverse events can cause harm to the patient, but they also affect health professionals making them second victims of the event. Interventions have been focused mostly on patients, but little on professionals, probably due to lack of tools. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of adverse events and describe their manifestations in healthcare personnel to evidence the phenomenon of second victims in a highly complex hospital. Materials and methods: We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study by a survey of 419 healthcare professionals from the hospitalization, emergency, and surgical areas in a highly complex hospital in Medellín in 2019. The frequency of adverse events was estimated and its association with some labor and demographic variables was determined. Results: We found that 93.1% of the participants knew of incident cases and 79% of serious adverse events while 44.4% had been involved in them and 99% of these had feelings as a second victim, mainly the difficulty to concentrate, guilt, fatigue, anxiety, and doubts about decisions; 95% indicated they wanted to receive training to face the consequences of adverse events and know how to inform the patient. Conclusions: Health professionals are frequently exposed to adverse events that can cause negative emotions in them such as guilt, fatigue, anxiety, and insecurity. Most professionals who participate in an adverse event express feelings as a second victim. Informing the patient about an adverse event requires preparation and most professionals requested training on the subject.

Associated factors of neonatal near miss among newborns of adolescent mothers in Brazil / Factores asociados al near miss neonatal en recién nacidos de adolescentes brasileñas / Fatores associados ao near miss neonatal em recém-nascidos de adolescentes brasileiras

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the associated factors of neonatal near miss among newborns of Brazilian adolescents and to compare their occurrence in young women aged 12 to 16 years and 17 to 19 years. Method: Cross-sectional, hospital-based study, using data from the study Nascer no Brasil ("Birth in Brazil") on puerperal adolescents and their newborns in all regions of Brazil. Multiple and univariate logistic regression were employed to identify the associated factors of neonatal near miss. Results: The following factors were found to be associated to neonatal near miss among newborns of adolescent mothers: public source of payment (OR = 4.57, 95% CI = 2.02-10.32), having to seek help in different maternity hospitals (OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.05-2.20), and maternal near miss (OR = 5.92; 95% CI = 1.94-18.05), in addition to a record of low weight in a previous pregnancy (OR = 3.12; 95% CI = 1.61-6.04) and twin pregnancy (OR = 7.49; 95% CI = 3.28-16.82). Conclusion: Neonatal near miss affected newborns of adolescent mothers in both age groups equally. Also, the determinant factors of neonatal near miss can be mostly reduced with qualified prenatal, labor, and birth care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados al near miss neonatal en recién nacidos de adolescentes brasileñas y comparar su ocurrencia entre las jóvenes de 12 a 16 años y las de 17 a 19 años. Método: Estudio transversal, de base hospitalaria, con datos de la investigación Nascer no Brasil, compuesta por puérperas adolescentes y sus recién nacidos en todas las regiones de Brasil. Se utilizó regresión logística univariante y múltiple para identificar los factores asociados al near miss neonatal. Resultados: Se asociaron al near miss neonatal los factores fuente de pago pública (OR = 4,57, IC95% = 2,02-10,32), peregrinación por hospitales de maternidad (OR = 1,52; CI95% = 1,05-2,20) y la presencia de near miss materno (OR = 5,92; CI95% = 1,94-18,05), además de los antecedentes de bajo peso en el embarazo anterior (OR = 3,12; CI95% = 1,61-6,04) y el embarazo gemelar (OR = 7,49; CI95% = 3,28-16,82). Conclusión: El near miss neonatal afectó igualmente a los recién nacidos de madres adolescentes de ambos grupos de edad. Además, los factores determinantes del near miss neonatal, en su mayoría, pueden reducirse con la atención cualificada al prenatal, al parto y al nacimiento.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar os fatores associados ao near miss neonatal em recém-nascidos de adolescentes brasileiras e comparar sua ocorrência entre as jovens de 12 a 16 anos e as de 17 a 19 anos. Método: Estudo transversal, de base hospitalar, com dados da pesquisa "Nascer no Brasil", composto por puérperas adolescentes e seus recém-nascidos em todas as regiões do país. Utilizou-se regressão logística univariada e múltipla para identificar os fatores associados ao near miss neonatal. Resultados: Mostraram-se associados ao near miss neonatal de recém-nascidos de mães adolescentes os fatores fonte de pagamento público (OR = 4,57, IC95% = 2,02-10,32), peregrinação por maternidades (OR = 1,52; IC95% = 1,05-2,20) e presença de near miss materno (OR = 5,92; IC95% = 1,94-18,05), além de histórico de baixo peso em gestação anterior (OR = 3,12; IC95% = 1,61-6,04) e gemelaridade (OR = 7,49; IC95% = 3,28-16,82). Conclusão: O near miss neonatal acometeu igualmente os recém-nascidos de mães adolescentes de ambas as faixas etárias. Além disso, os determinantes do near miss neonatal, em sua maioria, podem ser reduzidos com atenção qualificada ao pré-natal, parto e nascimento.

Prevalence of Near-miss Events of Transfusion Practice and Its Associated Factors amongst House Officers in a Teaching Hospital.

OBJECTIVES: A near miss in transfusion practice is defined as a deviation from standard procedures discovered before transfusion and can lead to a transfusion error. Information on near-miss events provides pivotal data on areas of improvement to prevent actual errors in the future. Our study sought to determine the prevalence and rate of near-miss events and their associated factors amongst house officers (HO) in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. METHODS: The initial part of this study is a descriptive cross-sectional study involving data collection from all requests sent for group, screen, and hold (GSH) and group and cross match (GXM) tests from 2011 to 2017. The association between sociodemographic, workplace, and experience factors with near-miss events amongst HO was analyzed with a case-control study using logistic regression. RESULTS: We reported 83 near-miss events with a prevalence of 0.034% (95% confidence interval 0.027-0.042). The rate of near-miss events was one in every 2916 requests. The mean reporting rate was 11.9 events per year. Clinical near miss predominated at 89.2% compared to 10.8% laboratory near miss. Mislabeled events (33.7%) were more than miscollected events (10.8%). HO were implicated with most events (83.1%). Most events were predominantly in the medical and obstetrics and gynecology wards amounting to 31.3% each. We found a significant association between the ages of HO with near-miss events. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of near-miss events in our hospital was relatively low. Our study has shown areas for improvement include improving sampling practices in clinical areas, adequate training of laboratory technicians, and providing proper transfusion education. Interventions such as encouraging compliance to guidelines and training in clinical and laboratory areas to minimize the risk of mistransfusion should be considered.

Associated factors with neonatal near miss in twin pregnancies in a public referral maternity unit in Brazil

Objective: The aim was to analyze the factors associated with neonatal near miss (NNM) in twin pregnancies in a public referral maternity unit in Brazil. Material and Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 697 twin newborns. Cases of fetal and neonatal deaths were excluded. Neonates were divided into those meeting NNM criteria (5 min Apgar score <7, birth weight <1,500 g, gestational age at delivery <32 weeks, use of mechanical ventilation or congenital malformation, transfer before 28 days of life) and those who did not. In the bivariate analysis, the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used. Variables with a p-value ≤0.20 were subjected to the multiple analyses, which followed the Poisson regression model. Results: The cohort consisted of 130 (18.7%) neonates meeting NNM criteria and 567 (81.3%) with no NNM criteria after multiple analyses, the following variables were associated with NNM: no previous pregnancy, prevalence ratio (PR): 1.38 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03-1.85]; >3 previous pregnancies, PR: 1.93 (95% CI, 1.38-2.69); premature rupture of membranes, PR: 1.50 (95% CI, 1.70-2.12); intrauterine growth restriction, PR: 2.28 (95% CI, 1.53-3.33); premature labor, PR: 1.63 (95% CI, 1.13-2.35); resuscitation in the delivery room, PR: 1.80 (95% CI, 1.24-2.62); and transfusion of blood products, PR: 4.44 (95% CI, 3.14-6.28). Conclusion: The study findings indicate that having had 0 or >3 previous pregnancies, premature rupture of the membranes, intrauterine growth restriction, resuscitation in the delivery room, premature labor, and transfusion of blood products were associated with NNM in twin pregnancies.

Ações de promoção da saúde e near miss materno: revisão integrativa / Health promotion actions and maternal near miss: an integrative review

RESUMO Objetivo identificar as ações de promoção da saúde para a redução do near miss materno. Métodos trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca dos artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, SCOPUS e Web of Science, utilizando-se a seguinte combinação: Near Miss, Healthcare AND Health promotion AND Maternal Welfare OR Maternal Health. Resultados os 17 estudos selecionados abordaram as seguintes recomendações sobre as ações de promoção da saúde para a redução do near miss materno: fortalecimento do atendimento pré-natal; acesso ao planejamento reprodutivo; orientação e preparação para o parto; educação como política inclusiva; educação continuada para profissionais e melhora do sistema de regulação. Conclusão evidenciaram-se, no estudo, as ações de promoção da saúde: realização de pré-natal efetivo e as ações relacionadas à gestão no que concerne à capacitação profissional, suporte físico adequado nas unidades de saúde e rede de atenção organizada e eficaz.

ABSTRACT Objective to identify health promotion actions to reduce maternal near misses. Methods this is an integrative review of the literature. The search for the articles was carried out in the MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases, using the following combination: Near Miss, Healthcare AND Health promotion AND Maternal Welfare OR Maternal Health. Results the 17 studies selected addressed the following recommendations on health promotion actions to decrease maternal near miss: enhancing prenatal care; access to reproductive planning; guidance and preparation for childbirth; education as an inclusion policy; continuing education for professionals and improvement of the regulation system. Conclusion health promotion actions were evidenced in the study: carrying out effective prenatal care and actions related to management concerning professional training, adequate physical support in health units, and an organized and effective care network.

Characteristics and preventability of obstetric intensive care unit admissions in Far North Queensland.

BACKGROUND: The rarity of maternal deaths in developed countries has increased interest in auditing cases of severe maternal morbidity or maternal 'near miss'. The assessment and preventability of cases of maternal 'near misses' are important in improving the provision of maternity care. AIMS: To describe the epidemiology and determine aspects of preventability in care among women admitted to an obstetric intensive care unit (ICU) in Far North Queensland. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective observational study of pregnant and postpartum patients admitted to the Cairns Hospital ICU between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2017 was undertaken. Cases of severe maternal morbidity were identified using the World Health Organization (WHO) 'near miss' criteria and reviewed to determine reasons for admission to ICU and ascertain aspects of preventability in the care provided. RESULTS: Sixty-nine out of 12 081 (0.6%) women admitted for obstetric care were transferred to the ICU with 31 cases fulfilling WHO 'near miss' criteria. The most common direct obstetric-related diagnosis for ICU admission was hypertensive disease of pregnancy and obstetric haemorrhage. Indirect obstetric causes contributed to approximately 40% of ICU admissions. Among the 31 cases of WHO 'near miss', ten cases were deemed preventable with the most common reason for preventability related to lack of recognition of high-risk clinical status. CONCLUSION: Maternal 'near miss' and rates of obstetric admission to the ICU at Cairns Hospital are reassuringly low. Nevertheless, one-third of women with 'near miss' required improvements in the provision of care, emphasising the need for continued audit and improvement of clinical practice.

Incidência de near miss neonatal em uma maternidade de médio porte do Nordeste Brasileiro / Incidence of neonatal near miss in a midsize maternity in the Northeast Brazil

RESUMO: Objetivo: Verificar a incidência de near miss neonatal (NMN), indicador de "quase morte" por complicações pré ou pós-natais, em uma maternidade de médio porte no Nordeste brasileiro. Modelo do estudo: Coorte retrospectiva, com abordagem indutiva e procedimentos descritivos. Metodologia: Analisou-se prontuários de nascidos no mês de janeiro de 2016, identificando-se os casos de NMN conforme os seguintes critérios: idade gestacional < 32 semanas, recém-nascido (RN) que necessitou de manobra de reanimação ou deprimido, peso ao nascimento < 1500 g, necessidade de cuidados em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal (UTIN), necessidade de ventilação mecânica, escore de Apgar no 1º e 5º minutos < 7. Para verificar a associação entre as variáveis maternas e o diagnóstico de NMN, foi utilizado o teste t de Student. Resultados: Foram avaliados 120 RN. Dentre eles, 26 nascidos de parto normal e 94 de parto cesáreo. A média de idade materna foi de 26,61 (±7,9). A maioria das genitoras apresentava doenças cardiovasculares (71,7%) e 70,8% pré-natal com número de consultas inferior a sete. Identificou-se uma incidência de 30% de NMN, sendo a maioria do sexo masculino (55%). A taxa de internação na UTIN foi de 17,5%. O menor número de filhos vivos e médias superiores de partos cesáreos apresentaram associação significativa (p < 0,05) com o NMN. Conclusão: O indicador de NMN apresentou uma elevada incidência, mesmo em hospital de referência para gestação de alto risco, sendo um método de grande relevância para avaliação e prevenção de morbidades graves do RN. (AU)

ABSTRACTObjective: Verifying the incidence of neonatal near miss (NNM), an indicator of "near-death" due to pre or postnatal complications, in a medium-sized maternity hospital in the Northeast of Brazil. Study model: retrospective cohort, with an inductive approach and descriptive procedures. Method: Birth charts were analyzed during January 2016, and NNM cases were identified according to the following criteria: gestational age < 32 weeks, newborn (NB) requiring resuscitation or depressed maneuver, birth weight < 1500 g, need for care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), need for mechanical ventilation, Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes ≤ 7. To verify the association between maternal variables and NMN diagnosis the Student's t-test was used. Results: 120 NB were evaluated. Among them, 26 born of normal birth and 94 of cesarean delivery. The mean maternal age was 26.61 (± 7.9). The majority of the mothers had cardiovascular diseases (71.7%) and 70.8% had a prenatal visit with several consultations below seven. An incidence of 30% of NNM was observed, most of them male (55 %). The hospitalization rate in the NICU was 17.5%. The lower number of live children and higher mean cesarean births had a significant association (p <0.05) with the NNM. Conclusion: The NNM indicator presented a high incidence, even in a reference hospital for a high-risk pregnancy, being a highly relevant method for the evaluation and prevention of severe morbidity in the NB. (AU)

Neonatal morbidity near miss in tertiary hospitals in a capital of northeast brazil / Morbidade neonatal near miss em hospitais terciários de uma capital do nordeste do brasil

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize near miss neonatal morbidity in tertiary hospitals in a capital city of Northeast Brazil based on Health Information Systems, and to identify differences regarding indicators of near miss cases, allowing the surveillance of newborns with risk of death. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out in hospitals with neonatal intensive care unit, whose neonatal near miss cases in 2012 were identified from a deterministic linkage between the Mortality Information System and the Live Birth Information System. The biological variables of children, variables related to maternal characteristics and indicators of near miss were calculated by type of service and hospital. Biological variables of children, variables related to maternal characteristics and near miss indicators were calculated by service type and hospital and then compared by ratio difference test, parametric and non-parametric tests for measures of central tendency. Results: Of 24,254 live births, 2,098 cases of neonatal morbidity near miss were identified, most of them concentrated in the public hospitals (89.9%). The combination of birth weight and gestational age had the largest number of cases in both segments, public (43.5%) and private (46%). Variations in neonatal near miss indicators were observed between hospitals, which suggests assistance problems. Conclusions: The concept of neonatal near miss, its applicability with data from Health Information Systems, and its indicators are a preliminary tool to monitor hospital care for newborns by signaling health services that require in-depth evaluation and investments for quality improvement.

RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar a morbidade neonatal near miss em hospitais terciários de uma capital do Nordeste do Brasil, por meio dos Sistemas de Informação em Saúde, e identificar diferenças quanto aos indicadores de near miss que possibilitem a vigilância dos recém-nascidos com risco de morte. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em hospitais com unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal cuja população foram os casos de near miss neonatal nascidos em 2012, identificados mediante o linkage determinístico entre os bancos de dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade e do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos. As variáveis biológicas das crianças, as referentes às características maternas e os indicadores de near miss foram calculados por tipo de serviço e por hospital e comparados por meio de testes de diferença de proporção e testes paramétricos e não paramétricos para medidas de tendência central. Resultados: Do total de 24.254 nascidos vivos, foram identificados 2.098 casos de morbidade neonatal near miss, com a maioria no segmento público (89,9%). O peso ao nascer agregado à idade gestacional concentrou o maior número de casos em ambos os segmentos, público (43,5%) e privado (46%). Foram observadas variações nos indicadores de near miss neonatal entre os hospitais, sugerindo problemas assistenciais. Conclusões: O conceito de near miss neonatal, sua aplicabilidade com base nos dados dos Sistemas de Informação em Saúde e seus indicadores constituem uma ferramenta preliminar para monitorar a assistência hospitalar ao recém-nascido ao sinalizar serviços de saúde que necessitam de investigação aprofundada e investimentos para a melhoria da qualidade.

Risk factors associated with in-hospital falls reported to the Patient Safety Commitee of a teaching hospital / Fatores de risco associados às quedas intra-hospitalares notificadas ao Núcleo de Segurança do Paciente de um hospital de ensino

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the use of fall-risk-increasing drugs among patients with falls reported to the Patient Safety Office of a hospital, and to identify the factors associated with high risk for fall. Methods A cross-sectional study, carried out in a teaching hospital. The study population was the universe of fall reports received by the Patient Safety Office. The dependent variable was a high risk for falls. The Medication Fall Risk Score was used to measure fall risk. Descriptive, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results Of the 125 fall reports in the study, 38 (30.4%) were in 2014, 26 (20.8%) in 2015, and 61 (48.8%) in 2016. Half of the patients (63; 50.4%) were classified as high fall risk and 74 (59.2%) had two or more risk factors for the event. The most frequently used drug classes were opioids (25%), anxiolytics (19.7%), beta-blockers (9.9%), angiotensin II antagonists (7%) and vascular-selective calcium channel blockers (7%). After the adjusted analysis, the factors associated with falls were amputation (odds ratio: 14.17), female sex (odds ratio: 2.98) and severe pain (odds ratio: 5.47). Conclusion Medications are an important contributor to in-hospital falls, and the Medication Fall Risk Score can help identify patients at a high risk for falls.

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar o uso de medicamentos que aumentam o risco de queda entre pacientes que tiveram quedas notificadas ao Núcleo de Segurança do Paciente de um hospital, bem como identificar os fatores associados ao risco elevado de queda. Métodos Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado em hospital de ensino. A população do estudo foi composta pelo universo de notificações de queda enviadas para o Núcleo de Segurança do Paciente. A variável dependente foi alto risco para queda. A mensuração do risco de queda foi realizada de acordo com o Medication Fall Risk Score. Foram realizadas as análises descritiva, univariada e multivariada. Resultados Das 125 notificações de queda incluídas no estudo, 38 (30,4%) foram notificadas em 2014, 26 (20,8%) em 2015 e 61 (48,8%) em 2016. Metade dos pacientes (63; 50,4%) foram classificados na categoria alto risco de queda, e 74 (59,2%) apresentaram dois ou mais fatores de risco para o evento. As classes de medicamentos mais frequentes foram opioides (25%), ansiolíticos (19,7%), betabloqueadores (9,9%), antagonistas de angiotensina II (7%) e bloqueadores de canais de cálcio seletivos com efeitos principais vasculares (7%). Após a análise ajustada, os fatores associados com queda foram amputação (odds ratio: 14,17), sexo feminino (odds ratio: 2,98) e dor intensa (odds ratio: 5,47). Conclusão Os medicamentos são importante fator contribuinte para a queda intra-hospitalar, e o Medication Fall Risk Score contribui para a identificação de pacientes com alto risco de quedas.

Eventos adversos relacionados à sondaenteral: revisão integrativa / Eventos adversos relacionados a las sondas enterales: revisión integrativa / Adverse events involving enteral tubes: an integrative review

Objetivo conhecer os eventos adversos relacionados à inserção, manutenção e remoção de sonda enteral descritos na literatura. Método trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura. A estratégia PICO foi utilizada para formulação da questão norteadora. Foram selecionados artigos das bases PubMed, Embase e Scopus, publicados entre junho de 2009 e junho de 2019, nas línguas portuguesa, espanhola e inglesa. Resultados foram incluídos 45 estudos, categorizados em eventos adversos relacionados à inserção da sonda enteral (n=22) que promoveram danos como epistaxe por lesão até a inserção de sonda no átrio direito; eventos relativos à manutenção da sonda e/ou administração de dieta (n=14), como a infusão de dieta em sítio pulmonar; e aqueles ocorridos na remoção (n=9), como emaranhado na ponta distal. Conclusão diferentes eventos adversos descritos na literatura podem ocorrer na inserção, manutenção, administração de dieta e remoção da sonda enteral.

Objetivo conocer los eventos adversos relacionados a la inserción, manutención y remoción de una sonda enteral descritos en la literatura. Método esa es una revisión integrativa de la literatura. Se utilizó a la estrategia PICO para formular la pregunta rectora. Se seleccionó artículos de las bases PubMed, Embase y Scopus publicados de junio de 2009 hasta julio de 2019 en portugués, español e inglés. Resultados se incluyó 45 estudios y se les categorizó como eventos adversos relacionados a la inserción de la sonda enteral (n=22) y que causaron daños como epistaxis por lesión e inserción de la sonda en la aurícula derecha; eventos relacionados a la manutención de la sonda y/o la administración de dieta (n=14), como la infusión de la dieta en sitio pulmonar; y eventos relacionados a la remoción de la sonda (n=9), como el enmarañamiento del extremo distal de la sonda. Conclusión diversos eventos adversos descritos en la literatura pueden ocurrir en la inserción, manutención, administración de dieta y remoción de la sonda enteral.

Objective surveying scientific literature with regards to adverse events related to the insertion, maintenance, and removal of enteral tubes. Method this is an integrative literature review. The PICO strategy was used to elaborate the guiding question. This research reviewed articles published from June 2009 to July 2019 in Portuguese, Spanish and English, in the databases PubMed, Embase and Scopus. Results 45 studies were included and categorized as adverse events involving enteral tubes related to the insertion of the tube (n=22), which caused damage such as epistaxis caused by lesion and insertion of the tube in the right-side atrium; events related to the maintenance of the tube and/or administration of the diet (n=14), such as infusing the diet into the lungs; and those related to tube removal (n=9), such as entanglements in the distal end. Conclusion different adverse events described in literature can take place during the insertion, maintenance, diet administration, and removal of the enteral tube.

Maternal 'near miss' collection at an Australian tertiary maternity hospital.

BACKGROUND: Australia has a maternal mortality ratio of 6.8/100000 live births, a rate akin to other developed countries and consistent with the high level care provided within the Australian health care system. With maternal mortality at very low levels assessment of severe maternal morbidity is increasingly being used as an indicator of quality of care and to identify areas for improvement in maternity services. The WHO maternal 'near miss' criteria is a standardised tool has been increasingly used worldwide to assess maternal morbidity and standards of maternity care. The aim of this study was to determine the rate and aetiology of maternal 'near misses' at King Edward Memorial Hospital (KEMH) using the WHO near miss criteria. METHODS: Cases of maternal 'near miss' were prospectively identified at KEMH using the WHO near miss criteria over a period of 6 months (1st December 2014 to 31st May 2015). A descriptive analysis of the results was undertaken. RESULTS: During the study there were 2773 live births with 19 women who had 'near miss' presentations. There were no maternal deaths. The maternal 'near miss' index rate was 7/1000 live births. The main causes of obstetric 'near miss' were obstetric haemorrhage, pre-eclampsia and early pregnancy complications. CONCLUSION: The rate of maternal 'near miss' at KEMH was 7/1000 live births and post-partum haemorrhage was identified as the most common aetiology, consistent with other studies in developed countries. Further research comparing currently utilised local, state and national morbidity systems would allow further validation of the WHO near miss criteria in Australian settings. The study presented in this publication was undertaken at King Edward Memorial Hospital, 374 Bagot Rd., Subiaco WA 6008.

Media messaging in diagnosis of acute CXR pathology: an interobserver study among residents.

The objectives of the study were to determine whether diagnostic accuracy and reliability by on-call teams is affected by communicating chest radiograph (CXR) images via instant messaging on smartphones in comparison to viewing on a workstation. 12 residents viewed 100 CXR images each with a 24% positive rate for significant or acute findings sent to their phones via a popular instant messaging application and reported their findings if any. After an interval of 42 days they viewed the original DICOM images on personal computers and again reported their findings. There were no statistically significant differences in accuracy, agreement, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value or negative predictive value between desktop workstation viewed images and images sent via the mobile application. Media messaging is a useful adjunct for quick second opinions on radiological images, without significant decay in diagnostic accuracy. If technical, ethical and legal issues are addressed, it could be incorporated into practice as a useful adjunct.

Maternal near-miss in labor and delivery in the light of technologies in health / Near miss materno en el trabajo de parto y parto a la luz de las tecnologías sanitarias / Near Miss materno no trabalho de parto e parto à luz das tecnologias em saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: To know maternal near-miss situations during labor and delivery according to technologies in health. Method: A quantitative study conducted with puerperal women in a public institution in which the maternity department is a reference for high risk care. Data collection was performed from October 2016 to August 2017, and data were processed in SPSS 20.0. Technologies in health were used for discussing the results. Results: Participation of 319 puerperal women. Primiparous women (p=0.027), previous diagnosis of hypertension (p=0.0001), preeclampsia (p=0.0001) and urinary tract infection (p=0.002) were items with statistical significance for the maternal near-miss outcome in labor and delivery. The hard technology associated with the outcome was transportation for hospitalization (p=0.035). Among the light-hard technologies, the following were associated: characteristics of amniotic fluid (p=0.05), vital signs check (p=0.0001), and initiation of the partograph for cesarean section (p=0.026). Among the light technologies, user satisfaction was relevant (p=0.007). Conclusion: Health technologies can be used for structuring the assistance in order to prevent maternal near-miss.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer situaciones de near miss materno durante la asistencia al trabajo de parto y parto, según las tecnologías sanitarias. Método: Estudio cuantitativo, llevado a cabo en un centro público, cuya maternidad es referencia para alto riesgo, con puérperas. La recolección de datos se realizó en el período de octubre de 2016 a agosto de 2017, y los datos fueron procesados en el SPSS 20.0. Para la discusión de los resultados, fueron utilizadas las tecnologías sanitarias. Resultados: Participaron 319 puérperas. Primípara (p=0,027), diagnóstico previo de hipertensión (p=0,0001), pre eclampsia (p=0,0001) e infección del tracto urinario (p=0,002) fueron puntos que presentaron significación estadística para el resultado de near miss materno en el trabajo de parto y parto. La tecnología dura que se asoció con el resultado fue el traslado a estancia hospitalaria (p=0,035); entre las ligera-duras, se asociaron las características del líquido amniótico (p=0,05), verificación de las señales vitales (p=0,0001) y apertura del partograma para cesárea (p=0,026); y, entre las ligeras, la satisfacción de la usuaria fue relevante (p=0,007). Conclusión: Se cree que las tecnologías sanitarias pueden utilizarse para la estructuración de la asistencia a fin de prevenir el near miss materno.

RESUMO Objetivo: Conhecer situações de near miss materno durante a assistência ao trabalho de parto e parto, de acordo com as tecnologias em saúde. Método: Estudo quantitativo, realizado em uma instituição pública, cuja maternidade é referência para alto risco, com puérperas. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de outubro de 2016 a agosto de 2017, e os dados foram processados no SPSS 20.0. Para a discussão dos resultados, foram utilizadas as tecnologias em saúde. Resultados: Participaram 319 puérperas. Primípara (p=0,027), diagnóstico prévio de hipertensão (p=0,0001), pré-eclâmpsia (p=0,0001) e infecção do trato urinário (p=0,002) foram itens que apresentaram significância estatística para o desfecho de near miss materno no trabalho de parto e parto. A tecnologia dura que se associou com o desfecho foi o transporte para internação (p=0,035); entre as leve-duras, associaram-se as características do líquido amniótico (p=0,05), verificação dos sinais vitais (p=0,0001) e abertura do partograma para cesariana (p=0,026); e entre as leves, a satisfação da usuária foi relevante (p=0,007) Conclusão: Acredita-se que as tecnologias em saúde podem ser utilizadas para a estruturação da assistência para a prevenção do near miss materno.

Near Miss materno como indicador de atenção à saúde: uma revisão integrativa / Maternal Near Miss as health care indicator: an integrative review / Near Miss materno como indicador de atención a salud: una revisión integrativa

Objetivo: Objetivou-se compilar sintética e descritivamente resultados de estudos científicos que versam acerca do Near Miss Materno. Métodos: Realizou-se consulta às bases de dados Biblioteca Científica Eletrônica Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe (LILACS) e Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde e Biomédica (PubMed), no período de 2011 a junho de 2016, com os descritores "Maternal Near Miss" and "severe maternal morbidity" e suas representações nos idiomas português e inglês. Após a exclusão dos textos repetidos, da leitura dos resumos e da análise por instrumento validado, esta revisão contou com 28 publicações. Resultados: Os estudos apontam determinantes clínicos diretamente relacionados à ocorrência do Near Miss Materno. Dentre eles, destacam-se: gestação de alto risco; internações durante a gestação; comorbidades clínicas, principalmente hipertensão grave, infecções e hemorragias; partos cesáreos; uso de fórceps e necessidade de admissão em UTI. Conclusão: Os estudos apontam, além dos determinantes clínicos, que fatores socioeconômicos e de assistência estão diretamente relacionados à ocorrência de Near Miss Materno, o que o torna uma ferramenta viável para avaliação da qualidade do serviço de saúde e do impacto de políticas públicas direcionadas à melhoria da saúde materna e de redução das iniquidades sociais. A detecção precoce e a oferta de cuidados obstétricos de emergência tornam-se essenciais para a redução das taxas de Near Miss e de mortalidade materna.

Objective: The objective was to make a synthetic and descriptive compilation of the results of scientific studies addressing maternal near miss. Methods: A search was conducted in the databases of the Electronic Scientific Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature (LILACS) and International Literature in Health and Biomedical Sciences (PubMed),in the period from 2011 to June 2016, with the descriptors "maternal near miss" and "severe maternal morbidity" and their representations in Portuguese and English. After the exclusion of duplicate texts, the reading of the abstracts and the analysis by validated instrument, this review comprised 28 publications. Results: The studies indicate clinical determinants directly related to the occurrence of maternal near miss, among which, these stand out: high-risk gestation; hospitalizations during pregnancy; clinical comorbidities, mainly severe hypertension, infections and hemorrhage; cesarean delivery; use of forceps and need for ICU admission. Conclusion: In addition to the clinical determinants, the studies point out that socioeconomic and healthcare factors are directly related to the occurrence of maternal near miss, which makes it a viable tool for evaluation of the quality of the healthcare service and the impact of public policies aimed at improving maternal health and reducing social inequities. Early detection and provision of emergency obstetric care are essential to reduce maternal near miss and mortality rates.

Objetivo: El objetivo fue compilar de modo resumido y descriptivo los resultados de estudios científicos sobre el Near Miss Materno. Métodos: Se realizó consulta en las bases de datos Biblioteca Científica Electrónica Online (SciELo), Literatura Latino-Americana y del Caribe (LILACS) y Literatura Internacional de Ciencias de la Salud y Biomédico (PubMed) en el periodo entre 2011 y junio de 2016 con los descriptores "maternal Near Miss" and "severe maternal morbidity" y sus representaciones en los idiomas portugués e inglés. Se incluyeron 28 publicaciones en la revisión tras la exclusión de los textos duplicados, de la lectura de los resúmenes y del análisis por instrumento validado. Resultados: Los estudios señalan determinantes clínicos directamente relacionados con la ocurrencia del Near Miss Materno. Entre ellos se destacan: el embarazo de alto riesgo; los ingresos durante el embarazo; las comorbilidades clínicas, principalmente la hipertensión grave, las infecciones y las hemorragias; los partos por cesárea; el uso de fórceps y la necesidad de admisión en la UCI. Conclusión: Los estudios señalan que además de los determinantes clínicos, los factores socioeconómicos y de asistencia están directamente relacionados con la ocurrencia del Near Miss Materno lo que le hace una herramienta viable para la evaluación de la calidad del servicio de salud y del impacto de las políticas públicas dirigidas para la mejoría de la salud materna y de la reducción de las inequidades sociales. La detección precoz y la oferta de los cuidados obstétricos de emergencia son esenciales para la disminución de las tasas del Near Miss y de la mortalidad materna.

Major Determinants of Maternal Near-Miss and Mortality at the Maternity Teaching Hospital, Erbil city, Iraq.

OBJECTIVES: To find out the major determinants of maternal near-miss (NM)and maternal deaths (MDs) in Erbil city, Iraq, by comparative analysis of maternal NMs and MDs. METHODS: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study in the Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil city from 1 June to 31 December 2013. All MDs and NMs that occurred in the hospital during the study period were included in the study. Systematic identification of all eligible women was done. This identification included a baseline assessment of the severe pregnancy-related complications using the World Health Organization NM criteria. RESULTS: Severe preeclampsia and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) constituted the highest proportions of complications in women with potentially life-threatening conditions (PLTCs) (30.5% and 30.0%, respectively). The highest mortality indexes were those for ruptured uterus (16.7) and severe complications of placenta previa (14.2). Factors that were significantly associated with MD (compared to NM) were hepatic dysfunction (p = 0.046), multiple/unspecified disorders (p = 0.003), arrival as an emergency condition by ambulance (p = 0.015), and history of previous cesarean section (p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: Severe preeclampsia and PPH are the main complications that lead to PLTCs. Factors found to be associated with MDs are hepatic dysfunction, multiple/unspecified disorders, arrival as an emergency condition by ambulance, and history of a previous cesarean section.

Ethnic differences in maternal near miss.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the association between ethnic differences and the occurrence of maternal near miss (MNM) in the Amazon and Northeast regions of Brazil. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of a national cross-sectional study focused on the assessment of care to pregnancy, childbirth, and infants under 1 year of age. Ethnicity was classified as white, black or indigenous. Ethnic distribution by state and region, the proportion of severe maternal complications and related procedures, and the prevalence of MNM and its criteria were calculated for the ethnic groups. Risks for MNM were estimated per sociodemographic characteristics and healthcare received by ethnic group, using prevalence ratios adjusted by all predictors and by the sampling method. RESULTS: 76% of the 16.783 women were black, 20% white and 3.5% indigenous. Around 36% reported any complication related to pregnancy and the most frequent were hemorrhage (27-31%), and infection (7.1-9.0%). The MNM ratio was higher among indigenous (53.1) and black (28.4) than in white women (25.7). For black women, the risks of MNM were lower for private prenatal care and hospital admission for conditions other than hypertension, while higher for cesarean section and peregrination. For indigenous, the risks of MNM were lower for private prenatal care, and higher for a longer time to reach the hospital. For white women, only the low number of prenatal visits increased the risk of MNM. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of MNM was higher for indigenous and black than for white women.