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Introduction: Association between Motor Neuron Disease (MND) and neoplastic processes is rarely described. It is unclear whether MND occurs as a paraneoplastic syndrome. Methods: We retrospectively analysed 35 patients with MND followed in our Hospital from January 2013 to December 2016. Results: A neoplastic process was found in four patients. All of them had definite clinical and electromyographic criteria supporting MND according to standard Awaji criteria. Results: Onconeuronal antibodies were positive in two patients (anti-Yo and anti-PNMA2). The types of tumour were variable: two breast cancers, one lung cancer and one thyroid Hürthle cell neoplasm. Discussion: In our cohort, 11.4% of MND patients were diagnosed with a neoplastic process being a rather high frequency of co-occurrence. Treating the neoplastic process may potentially halt or reverse the progression of MND. (AU)
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Humans , Motor Neurons , Neoplastic Processes , Nervous System Diseases , DiseaseABSTRACT
Background and aims. Many oral squamous cell carcinomas develop from potentially malignant disorders (PMDs)which include a variety of lesions and conditions characterized by an increased risk for malignant transformation. Thisstudy evaluated the quantitative expression of EGFR in normal oral mucosa, oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis to predict the malignant risk in compliance with the intensity of staining with EGFR. Materials and methods. Thirty subjects were included in the study, consisting of 10 oral leukoplakia (OL), 10 oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and 10 normal oral mucosa (NOM) as the control group. Owing to the histopathological confirmation of precancerous state of tissue, 4-µm-thick sections of tissue were taken from paraffin-embedded wax blocks for immunohistochemical staining for EGFR. Results. All the control cases showed positive expression for EGFR, while 20% of oral leukoplakia and 40% of OSMF cases showed strong expression (3+), 40% of OL and 30% of OSMF cases showed weak expression (2+), and 40% of OLand 30% of OSMF cases showed poor expression (1+) compared to controls (P=0.012). Conclusion. EGFR expression levels in the premalignant lesion appear to be a sensitive factor in predicting the neoplastic potential. This suggests that EGFR may serve as a biological marker to identify high-risk subgroups and guide prophylactic therapy with chemopreventive drugs or surgical intervention to prevent progression to carcinoma. Hence, further investigations in the direction of chemopreventive trials with a larger sample size are suggested to determine its role in the head and neck tumorigenesis.
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Lesser trochanter fractures are rare in adult bones. Few cases have been reported in the literature. When fracture of lesser trochanter is met in patients with closed growth plates, it is likely to be precursor of a silent neoplastic process. A case of lesser trochanter fracture in middle aged female with traumatic aetiology is presented here, which came out to be non-pathological despite high degree of suspicion for contrary. Patient responded positively to conservative line of treatment. Correct evaluation and anticipation of further complication take precedence in case rather than rarity.
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LASS gene family is a group of highly conserved and longevous gene LASS protein has a ceramide synthase activity,which can synthesize different types of ceramides.Ceramide is a key intermediate in tumor cells growth,signal transduction and other aspects.Thus it is inferred that the expression of LASS gene can suppress the occurrence and development of tumor within a certain range.
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BACKGROUND: Lipids are major cell membrane components essential for various biological functions including cell growth and division of normal and malignant tissue. They are also required for maintenance of structural and functional integrity of all biological membranes. Alteration in the plasma lipid profile has been associated with a variety of cancers and precancerous conditions including those of the head and neck region. AIM: The present study aimed to evaluate the alteration in plasma lipid profile in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 30 patients were included in the study, 20 with oral submucous fibrosis and 10 healthy controls. Fasting plasma lipid profile including Total Cholesterol (TC), Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL), Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL), High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) and Tri-Glycerides (TG) were measured using semiautomatic analyser. The data obtained were analysed using independent sample 't' test. RESULTS: A statistically significant decrease in plasma total cholesterol, LDL and HDL was observed in patients with OSMF as compared to the controls, but it was not statistically significant for VLDL and TG values. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study show that there is an inverse relationship between lipid profile and the presence of oral submucous fibrosis. Hence, alteration in plasma lipid profile may have a diagnostic role in the future and can be used as a biochemical indicator to detect the initial changes seen in the neoplastic process.
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BACKGROUND: Recent findings strongly promoted the hypothesis that common pelvic gynecological diseases including endometriosis and ovarian neoplasia may develop de novo from ectopic endometrial-like glands and/or embryonic epithelial remnants. To verify the frequency, the anatomical localization and the phenotype of misplaced endometrial tissue along the fetal female reproductive tract, histological and immunohistochemical analyses of uteri, fallopian tubes, and uterosacral ligaments were performed. METHODS: Reproductive organs were collected from seven female fetuses at autopsy, five of them from gestational ages between 18 and 26 weeks and two fetuses with gestational ages of 33 and 36 weeks deceased of placental anomalies. Serial sections from areas containing ectopic glands and embryonic duct residues were analyzed by histological and immunohistochemical procedures. RESULTS: Numerous ectopic endometrial glands and stroma were detected in the myometrium in two fetuses with low levels of expression of estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-α) and progesterone receptors (PR). The embryonic ducts were localized in the uterine broad and ovarian ligaments and under the fallopian tube serosa in six fetuses. Low levels of steroid receptors expression were found in the embryonic residues, whereas the carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) and the tumor marker Ca 125 were not detected. The embryonic residues stromal component strongly expressed the CD 10 and vimentin proteins. CONCLUSION: The anatomical and the immunohistochemical features of the ectopic organoid structures identified in fetal female reproductive tract suggest that endometriotic as well as neoplastic disease in adult women may develop on the basis of misplaced endometrial glands and/or embryonic cell remnants.
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Objective To investigate the expression of serum thymidine kinase-1 (TK1) and its relationship with clinical and pathological features in patients with mammary gland invasive ductal carcinoma (MGIDC),and the rde of TK1 in the invasion and progression of MGIDC.Methods The clinical data of 60 patients with MGIDC who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed,the healthy subjects were considered as control group.The serum TK1 level was detected by chemiluminescence combined with dot blot hybridization.Results The TK1 positive expression rate of breast cancer group was 75.0％,compared with the the control group (6.7％) the difference between the two groups was significant(x2 =23.155,P ＜ 0.05).The TK1 positive expression rate of the tumor diameter ≥5cm group,the TNM stage Ⅲ to Ⅳ group and lymph node metastasis group was significantly higher than the tumor diameter ＜5cm group,the TNM stage Ⅰ to Ⅱ group and without lymph node metastasis group,the difference was significant(P ＜ 0.05).The TK1 positive expression rate was not statistically significant between the different age group and degree of tumor differentiation group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The serum TK1 is high expression in patients with MGIDC,the serum TK1 level is closely related to the tumor size,TNM stage and lymph node metastasis.The high expression of serum TK1 shows the invasion and progression of MGIDC.
