Application of 4 birthweight curves and local reference range at a University Hospital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Numerous fetal growth curves have been developed from various subpopulations and geographic locations worldwide. OBJECTIVE: To determine the birthweight standard at the Maternity School and compare it to currently used standards in the clinical practice services. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study. Data from infants born between 2011 and 2016 were collected from the Maternity School Hospital of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro to define the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles of the birthweight by gestational age. It was determined the performance of the INTERGROWTH-21st, Fenton, Alexander, and Lubchenco for the Maternity School standards. RESULTS: After the 33rd week of pregnancy, the INTERGROWTH standard was similar to the local standard for small-for-gestational-age infants and Fenton for large-for-gestational-age infants at Maternity School Hospital. The INTERGROWTH standard was found to be inadequate to classify small-for-gestational-age infants, which are babies at major risk for morbidity and mortality at the onset of the 33rd week of pregnancy. CONCLUSION: It was possible to define reference values for birthweight for the maternal school hospital considering at least 33 weeks of pregnancy with a 95% confidence interval. The comparison of the INTERGROWTH, Fenton, Alexander, and Lubchenko standards to the maternal school hospital curve showed that the Fenton curve was the most suitable for the diagnosis of small for gestational age.

The Role of C-reactive Protein Estimation in Determining the Duration of Antibiotic Therapy in Neonatal Sepsis.

INTRODUCTION: Septicemia is globally considered the most important cause of neonatal morbidity and fatality. Serum C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an acute phase reactant, which is brought out in response to the inflammatory reaction. It is prophesied to drop down speedily after the coherent weeding out of microbial incitation due to the short half-life of CRP. CRP levels reflect the individual's association between microbial infection and defensive mechanisms.  Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study included 150 admitted patients with suspected sepsis in the Department of Pediatrics, Rajendra Institute Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi, India, over a study period of one year (2020 to 2021). CRP was estimated on the day of admission and repeated after 72 hours, on the fifth day, and on the seventh day for serial values of CRP, and the findings were compared by making three groups. Further, the research participants were designated to three different groups according to the CRP estimation levels. RESULTS: Out of the 150 assumed neonatal septicemia patients, antibiotics were paused in 42 neonates (28%) within 72 hours. In group 2, 8% of neonates' antibiotics were stopped in five days, and a total of 102 neonates (68%) could be discharged on the seventh day of antibiotic therapy as their CRPs became negative on the third day and seventh day consecutively, along with negative blood culture reports. In group 3, antibiotics of 48 neonates (32%) were continued beyond seven days. CONCLUSION: CRP has a skyscraping specificity and negative predictive values (NPV); thus, by estimating serial CRPs, the antibiotic therapy duration can be determined, which further helps determine the period of hospitalization.

[Late presentation of anorectal atresia: a case report]. / Atrésie rectale membraneuse: présentation tardive à propos d'un cas.

Anorectal atresia and rectal stenosis are rare types of anorectal malformations, accounting for only 1-2% of cases. We here report one case of anorectal atresia. The study involved a female newborn baby delivered at term via vaginal birth, weighing 3600g, who was admitted with failure to pass meconium, abdominal bloating and fever on day 6 of life. Clinical examination showed a temperature of 39ºC, distended abdomen, normal anal location and peremeability, with prolapsed pinkish mass and no signs of necrosis. A cannula trocar stylet was inserted between the mass and rectal mucosa and stopped at about 3cm from the anal margin. Abdominal X-ray without treatment showed distended bowels and air-fluid levels, with no evidence of hollow-organ perforation. Due to suspicion of complete anorectal atresia, 16 gauge needle was inserted into the membrane and meconium was collected abundantly with considerable abdominal deflation. Surgical excision of the membrane was then performed. The postoperative course was uneventful and newborn baby was discharged at postoperative day 3. Anal dilatations were performed to treat anal stenosis. At 6-months´ follow-up, functional outcome was satisfactory. Anorectal atresia manifesting as failure to pass meconium associated with mass protruding through the anus has not yet been described in the literature. Membrane puncture confirmed the diagnosis. Membrane was resected with good outcome.

Ictiosis arlequín en un neonato / Arlekin ichthyosis in a newborn baby

Se describe el caso clínico de un neonato, producto de parto eutócico, a término y normopeso, asistido en el Hospital Distrital de Barrillas, perteneciente a la zona rural del Departamento Huehuetenango en Guatemala, que al nacer presentó escamas grandes y gruesas diseminadas en la piel, así como eversión de párpados y labios. Se le diagnosticó ictiosis arlequín, por lo que se mantuvo ingresado en la Unidad de Cuidados Neonatales de dicho centro. La evolución fue desfavorable, con persistencia de complicaciones, tales como sepsis grave y alteraciones hidroelectrolíticas, a pesar del tratamiento médico, por lo que falleció a los 6 días de nacido e igual período de hospitalización.

The case report of a newborn baby, product of an eutocic childbirth, at term and normal weight, is described. He was assisted in Barrillas Distrital Hospital, belonging to the rural area of the Huehuetenango Department in Guatemala due to big and thick flakes disseminated in the skin when being born, as well as eversion of eyelids and lips. Arlekin ichthyosis was diagnosed, reason why he was admitted to the Neonates Care Unit of this center. The clinical course was unfavorable, with persistence of complications, such as serious sepsis and hydroelectrolitic disorders, in spite of the medical treatment, reason why he died after 6 days of being born and same period of hospitalization.

Outcome reporting in neonates experiencing withdrawal following opioid exposure in pregnancy: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Neonatal withdrawal secondary to in utero opioid exposure is a growing global concern stressing the psychosocial well-being of affected families and scarce hospital resources. In the ongoing search for the most effective treatment, randomized controlled trials are indispensable. Consistent outcome selection and measurement across randomized controlled trials enables synthesis of results, fostering the translation of research into practice. Currently, there is no core outcome set to standardize outcome selection, definition and reporting. This study identifies the outcomes currently reported in the literature for neonates experiencing withdrawal following opioid exposure during pregnancy. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central was conducted to identify all primary research studies (randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, case-controlled studies, uncontrolled trials, observational cohort studies, clinical practice guidelines and case reports) reporting outcomes for interventions used to manage neonatal abstinence syndrome between July 2007 and July 2017. All "primary" and "secondary" neonatal outcomes were extracted by two independent reviewers and were assigned to one of OMERACT's core areas of "pathophysiological manifestation", "life impact", "resource use", "adverse events", or "death". RESULTS: Forty-seven primary research articles reporting 107 "primary" and 127 "secondary" outcomes were included. The most frequently reported outcomes were "duration of pharmacotherapy" (68% of studies, N = 32), "duration of hospital stay" (66% of studies, N = 31) and "withdrawal symptoms" (51% of studies, N = 24). The discrepancy between the number of times an outcome was reported and the number of articles was secondary to the use of composite outcomes. Frequently reported outcomes had heterogeneous definitions or were not defined by the study and were measured at different times. Outcomes reported in the literature to date were mainly assigned to the core areas "pathophysiologic manifestations" or "resource use". No articles reported included parent or former patient involvement in outcome selections. CONCLUSIONS: Inconsistent selection and definition of primary and secondary outcomes exists in the present literature of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions for managing opioid withdrawal in neonates. No studies involved parents in the process of outcome selection. These findings hinder evidence synthesis to generate clinically meaningful practice guidelines. The development of a specific core outcome set is imperative.

Caracterización del Programa Familia Canguro / Characterization of the Program Family Kangaroo / Caracterização do Programa Família Canguru

Introducción: el Método Madre Canguro (MMC) es una alternativa de cuidado neonatal para el recién nacido pretérmino o de bajo peso al nacer. Se realiza ambulatoriamente basado en el contacto piel a piel entre cuidador y recién nacido, junto con la implementación de lactancia materna exclusiva, medidas esenciales para mejorar la calidad de vida de dicha población. Objetivo: determinar las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de la población perteneciente al Programa Familia Canguro en un hospital de alta complejidad de la Ciudad de Medellín (Colombia) durante el periodo 2015-2016. Método: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo. Se incluyeron neonatos prematuros y de bajo peso al nacer pertenecientes al Programa Familia Canguro entre 2015 y 2016. Se excluyeron pacientes con enfermedades congénitas o cuyas madres no podían dar lactancia materna por fallecimiento o cualquier condición que las incapacitara para ello. Resultados: la edad materna promedio fue de 26 años, y el 47 % eran amas de casa; la enfermedad más común durante el embarazo fue la preeclampsia. La gran mayoría de los bebés canguro eran del sexo masculino (51,1 %), con un peso promedio al nacer de 2195; el 60 % de los niños tenía lactancia materna exclusiva al ingreso del programa, y un porcentaje menos amplio (34 %) complementaba la lactancia con leche de fórmula. Conclusiones: la población perteneciente al Programa Familia Canguro demostró tener características sociodemográficas similares a las reportadas en otras investigaciones; sin embargo, se presentaron estrategias de salud pública particulares para responder a las necesidades de esta población.

Introduction: The Mother Kangaroo Method (MKM) is a neonatal care alternative for low-weight newborn or preterm babies. It is an outpatient method based on the direct skin contact between the caregiver and the newborn baby. It includes nurturing the baby only by breastfeeding, and some essential measures to improve the baby quality of life. Objective: To determine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of the population included in the program Family Kangaroo at a high-complexity hospital in Medellín (Colombia) during 2015- 2016. Method: It is a retrospective descriptive study including both low-weight newborn and preterm babies treated in the program Family Kangaroo during 2015 and 2016. Patients with congenital diseases, dead mothers or mothers unable to breastfeed mothers were excluded. Results: The average mother age was 26 years and 47% of them were housewives. The most frequently found disease in the pregnancy was the preeclampsia. Most of the babies Kangaroo were males (51.1 %), with an average weight at birth of 2195 grams. Sixty percent of them were nurtured only by breastfeeding when they entered in the program and 34% received formula as a supplementary feeding. Conclusions: The population included in the program Family Kangaroo had sociodemographic characteristics similar to those reported in other researches. However they provided specific public health strategies in response to the needs in this population.

Introdução: O Método Mae Canguru (MMC) é uma alternativa aos cuidados neonatais ao recém- nascido prematuro ou de baixo peso ao nascer. É realizado em nível ambulatorial baseado no contato pele a pele entre cuidador e recém-nascido, juntamente com a implementação do aleitamento materno exclusivo, medidas essenciais para melhorar a qualidade de vida de essa população. Objetivo: Determinar as características sociodemográficas e clínicas da população pertencente ao Programa Família Canguru em um hospital de alta complexidade da cidade de Medellín (Colômbia) durante o período 2015- 2016. Método: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo. Incluíram-se neonatos prematuros e de baixo peso ao nascer pertencentes ao Programa Família Canguru entre 2015 e 2016. Excluíram-se pacientes com doenças congénitas ou com mães que não podiam aleitar por morte ou qualquer condição que as incapacitasse para isso. Resultados: A idade materna média foi 26 anos e 47% foram donas de casa; a doença mais comum durante a gravidez foi pré-eclâmpsia. A grande maioria de crianças canguru foi do sexo masculino (51,1 %), com peso médio ao nascer de 2195; 60% das crianças teve aleitamento materno exclusivo na admissão ao programa, e uma percentagem menos amplo de 34% complementou a aleitação com leite em pó. Conclusões: A população pertencente ao Programa Família Canguru mostrou características sociodemográficas semelhantes às relatadas em outras pesquisas; no entanto, apresentaram-se estratégias de saúde pública particulares para responder às necessidades dessa população.

Hematochezia caused by eosinophilic proctocolitis in a newborn before oral feeding: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Hematochezia is a frequent symptom in early infancy. However, it occurs very rarely within the immediate neonatal period, and its occurrence before any oral intake is particularly rare. Because of the "congenital" presentation of hematochezia in our patient, we initially considered our case to be a non-classical, potentially severe type of food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis. This diagnosis needs to be confirmed by an abnormal oral challenge test once the hematochezia has disappeared. If such a challenge cannot demonstrate an allergic origin, then the etiology of the hematochezia could be a neonatal transient eosinophilic colitis. Only two similar cases have been described so far. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a black baby boy of African origin born at 36 weeks 5 days of gestational age who presented with massive hematochezia immediately after birth. A rectosigmoidoscopy revealed a severe inflammation associated with diffuse eosinophilic infiltration on biopsy. His clinical outcome was favorable after introduction of an amino acid formula diet. We initially considered our case to be a non-classical, potentially severe type of food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis but reintroduction of standard formula milk at the age of 3 months was successful. So, our patient is the first newborn in Europe who fits the diagnosis of "neonatal transient eosinophilic colitis." CONCLUSIONS: We discuss the possible etiology of "congenital" eosinophilic inflammation of the distal colon and conclude that hematochezia in well-looking neonates, in the absence of negative challenge tests later on, is more likely to be a neonatal transient eosinophilic colitis than an allergic proctocolitis. This new entity could be more frequent than previously thought, changing our medical care strategies for this kind of neonatal symptom.

Sentimientos que experimentan los padres en el difícil camino de la hospitalización de sus hijos prematuros. Un aporte al cuidado humanizado / Feelings experienced by parents when their premature children are hospitalized. A contribution to the humanized care

Resumen Objetivo: Comprender el significado de las vivencias que experimentan los padres de niños prematuros hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal de un hospital en la ciudad de Pasto, Nariño, a la luz de la teoría fenomenológica de Edmund Husserl. Materiales y métodos: Para comprender esas vivencias se realizó un estudio cualitativo, fenomenológico, con ocho padres. Los entrevistados se encontraban en un rango de edad entre 17 y 35 años. Resultados: El proceso investigativo permitió identificar cinco categorías, las cuales surgieron a partir del proceso de codificación o análisis nomotético de las convergencias de los discursos. Para el presente artículo se tomó dos de ellas: Sentimientos y vínculo afectivo como expresión de amor paterno y proceso de interacción con el personal de salud. Conclusión: Los padres de hijos hospitalizados no estaban preparados para el nacimiento de un niño prematuro, por lo que experimentaron sentimientos de tristeza, ansiedad, autocrítica y temor, alterándose el vínculo afectivo entre padres e hijos.

Abstract Objective: To understand the meaning of the experiences felt by parents of premature children who are hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in the city of Pasto, Nariño, taking into account the phenomenological theory of Edmund Husserl. Materials and methods: In order to understand these experiences, a qualitative phenomenological study was carried out with eight parents in a range of age between 17 and 35. Results: The investigative process identified five categories, which emerged from the process of codification or nomothetic analysis of the speeches convergences. Two of these categories were considered for this article: Feelings and affective bond as an expression of parental love and process of interaction with the health staff. Conclusion: The parents of children in hospital were not prepared for the birth of a premature baby, so they experienced feelings of sadness, anxiety, self-criticism and fear, altering the affective bond between parents and children.

Short-term outcome of treatment limitation discussions for newborn infants, a multicentre prospective observational cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the short-term outcomes of babies for whom clinicians or parents discussed the limitation of life-sustaining treatment (LST). DESIGN: Prospective multicentre observational study. SETTING: Two level 3, six level 2 and one level 1 neonatal units in the North-East London Neonatal Network. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 87 babies including 68 for whom limiting LST was discussed with parents and 19 babies died without discussion of limiting LST in the labour ward or neonatal unit. OUTCOME MEASURES: Final decision reached after discussions about limiting LST and neonatal unit outcomes (death or survived to discharge) for babies. RESULTS: Withdrawing LST, withholding LST and do not resuscitate (DNR) order was discussed with 48, 16 and 4 parents, respectively. In 49/68 (72%) cases decisions occurred in level 3 and 19 cases in level 2 units. Following the initial discussions, 34/68 parents made the decision to continue LST. In 33/68 cases, a second opinion was obtained. The parents of 14/48 and 2/16 babies did not agree to withdraw and withhold LST, respectively. Forty-seven out of 87 babies (54%) died following limitation of LST, 28/87 (32%) died receiving full intensive care support, 5/87 (6%) survived following a decision to limit LST and 7/87 (8%) babies survived following decision to continue LST. CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of parents chose to continue treatment following discussions regarding limiting LST for their babies, and a proportion of these babies survived to neonatal unit discharge. The long-term outcomes of babies who survive following limiting LST discussion need to be investigated.

Survival of a newborn from a pregnant woman with rabies infection.

BACKGROUND: Rabies is very common in People's Republic of China. Each year thousands of people die because of this disease, but rabies diagnosed in pregnancy is very rare. CASE PRESENTATION: In this study, we report the case of a pregnant woman who was infected with the rabies virus after a dog bite. The symptoms of rabies appeared in labor and she died after pregnancy. Her baby and husband did not develop the disease. CONCLUSION: The phenomenon that the newborn infant was healthy may be related to the protective role of placenta in resisting the invasion of the rabies virus or the absence of systemic viremia. The prompt administration of vaccines and anti-rabies immunoglobulin to the infant may have also contributed to his survival.

Survival of a newborn from a pregnant woman with rabies infection

Rabies is very common in Peoples Republic of China. Each year thousands of people die because of this disease, but rabies diagnosed in pregnancy is very rare. Case Presentation In this study, we report the case of a pregnant woman who was infected with the rabies virus after a dog bite. The symptoms of rabies appeared in labor and she died after pregnancy. Her baby and husband did not develop the disease. Conclusion The phenomenon that the newborn infant was healthy may be related to the protective role of placenta in resisting the invasion of the rabies virus or the absence of systemic viremia. The prompt administration of vaccines and anti-rabies immunoglobulin to the infant may have also contributed to his survival.

Survival of a newborn from a pregnant woman with rabies infection

Background Rabies is very common in People's Republic of China. Each year thousands of people die because of this disease, but rabies diagnosed in pregnancy is very rare. Case Presentation In this study, we report the case of a pregnant woman who was infected with the rabies virus after a dog bite. The symptoms of rabies appeared in labor and she died after pregnancy. Her baby and husband did not develop the disease. Conclusion The phenomenon that the newborn infant was healthy may be related to the protective role of placenta in resisting the invasion of the rabies virus or the absence of systemic viremia. The prompt administration of vaccines and anti-rabies immunoglobulin to the infant may have also contributed to his survival.(AU)

The Influence of Drugs Taken during Breastfeeding on Infants: Report and Analysis of Adverse Events Using FAERS / 医薬品情報学

<b>Introduction</b>: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the influence of drugs on infants and to provide information about safe drug treatments during breastfeeding using the FDA’s Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).<br><b>Study Design</b>: Case series based on FAERS data.<br><b>Methods: </b>We used the cleaned FAERS data in JAPIC AERS, extracted cases of adverse events from the category “neonatal exposure through breastfeeding (2000189)” in Standardized MedDRA Queries, and collected “the cases of breast-feeding infants” by system organ class, the type of adverse event, therapeutic category of first suspected drugs, and the generic name of the drugs.  We aggregated the data of the most reported cases of suspected drugs from first to fifth by the name of the adverse event.  Additionally, we investigated the properties and disposition of each suspected drug and verified the transitivity of breast milk as well.<br><b>Results: </b>Only 551 cases of breast-feeding infants (0.01%) were extracted from the data of JAPIC AERS.  The aggregated data of adverse events in terms of system organ class showed high numbers of gastrointestinal disease (such as diarrhea and vomiting) and impairment of the nervous system (such as drowsiness), and drugs which acted on the nervous system were the most suspected drugs.  There were 26 cases of adverse events associated with lamotrigine, which was the most frequently reported.<br><b>Discussion: </b>We could observe the characteristics of adverse events and suspected drugs that were shown as the influence of drugs taken during breastfeeding which were exposed to infants.  Our study showed 2 conclusions: 1) the drugs that have had adverse events frequently reported have the characteristic of facilitating the drug’s migration into breast milk, and 2) the most frequently reported cases were those in which nursing mothers or medical experts could recognize the correlation between breast milk and the adverse event(s) immediately after breast milk was given to the infant.

Quantitation of sulfur-containing amino acids, homocysteine, methionine and cysteine in dried blood spot from newborn baby by HPLC-fluorescence detection.

Sulfur-containing amino acids (SAAs), homocysteine (Hcy), methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys) in blood are related to homocystinuria, an inborn error of metabolism. In this study, an assay method with HPLC-fluorescence detection to quantify the SAAs in a dried blood spot was established and applied to samples from newborn babies (n=200). Sample pretreatment involving reduction, derivatization with 4-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl)-7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole, and liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate gave the separation of the derivatives with retention times within 12 min. The method was enough sensitive to determine the SAAs in a dried blood spot with 0.04-0.14 µm as the limit of detection at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. However, the absolute recoveries were very low (5.7% for Hcy, 4.6% for Cys) except for Met (105.4%) owing to inefficient recovery of Hcy and Cys from the blood matrix. Other validation parameters such as accuracy (93.5-106.2%) and intra- (≤ 9.0%) and inter-day precisions (≤ 8.7%) were acceptable. The reliability of a dried blood spot as an analytical sample was estimated. Furthermore, the proposed method was successfully applied to dried blood spots prepared from newborn babies.

Clinical Research on Asphyxia Effects on New Born Baby’s Blood Glucose / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] To discuss the effects of asphyxia on newborn baby ’s blood glucose, esp. the hypoglycemia. [Method] Choose 87 cases asphyxia newborn babies as observation group, compared with another 25 normal babies as control group, observe the relation between asphyxia degree and glucose concentration. [Result] In the observation group, the occurrence rates of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia were much higher than control group, with dif-ference of statistical meaning. [Conclusion] The newborn babies of asphyxia are easy to have disordered glucose metabolism.

Tocando o prematuro: significado para auxiliares e técnicas de enfermagem / Touching the premature: the meaning for nurse's aides and technicians / Tocar el prematuro: significado para auxiliares y técnicos de enfermería

Este estudo objetivou compreender o significado de tocar o prematuro, durante a prestação do cuidado, para auxiliares e técnicas de enfermagem. Utilizaram-se, como referencial teórico, o Interacionismo Simbólico e, como referencial metodológico, a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados (Grounded Theory). Os dados foram coletados por meio de observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas com três auxiliares e duas técnicas de enfermagem. A análise comparativa dos dados levou à identificação da categoria conceitual Promovendo o bem-estar e o cuidado do bebê por meio do toque, a qual permitiu compreender que as funcionárias consideram o toque como a base do cuidado, reconhecendo-o como integrante dos cuidados diários; e empreendem ações de tocar o bebê no sentido de promover o seu bem-estar.

This study aimed to understand the meaning of touching the premature, in the nursing care, for nursing aides and technicians. The Symbolic Interaction was used as theoretical reference and the Grounded Theory as methodological reference. Data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews, carried out with three nursing aides and two technicians. Data analysis was carried out until leading to the identification of the conceptual category Enhancing the baby's welfare and care through touch, representing the meaning of touching the premature for the nursing aides and technicians, who consider touch as the basis of caring, recognising it as part of the daily care and performing the action of touching as a way to enhance the baby's welfare.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender el significado de tocar el prematuro, en el contexto del cuidado, para auxiliares y técnicos de enfermería. Fueron utilizados como referencial teórico y metodológico el Interacionismo Simbólico y la Teoria Fundamentada em los Datos (Grounded Theory). Los datos fueron colectados por médio de observación participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas, con tres auxiliares y dos técnicas. El análisis de los datos fue dirigida llevano la identificación de la categoría conceptual Buscando el bienestar y el cuidado del prematuro por médio del toque, lo cual permitió comprender que las funcionárias lo consideram como base del cuidado y integrante de los cuidados, y ejecutan la acción de tocar com la finalidad de promover su bienestar.

Some maternal risk factors affect to weight and of newborns at Vinh Bao district in 2001

The study on the maternal risk factors affect to weight and height of their newborns among 813 newborns at Vinh Bao district, Hai phong city in 2001. Among these babies, 94 had low birth weight (2500g). The results showed that mother’s height under 150 cm was highest risk factor related to weight and length of newborns, followed by mother’s weight under 45kg, mother’s head round under 54cm and placental weight under 500g. BMI of mother under 18.5 and weight increased less than 1 kg in first trimester only affected to the length of newborn babies

A Case of Pachyonychia Congenita / 대한피부과학회지

Pachyonychia congenita is an uncommon genodermatosis of abnormal keratinization characterized by dystrophic nails and hyperkeratosis of the palms, soles, oral mucosa, and hair follicles. Mutations in keratin 6, 16, and 17 have been identified in a number of families. The 4 major features of the syndrome are onychogryphosis, palmoplantar keratoderma, follicular hyperkeratosis, and oral leukokeratosis. Treatment is only palliative, however, with attempts directed at improving symptoms that cause significant disability. We report a case of pachyonychia congenita in a 5-day-newborn with characteristic changes of nail, palms, soles, and oral mucosa.

Prevention and Countermeasures for Hospital Infection of Newborn Baby in a Mother with Baby Room / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To analyze the incidence and relevant factors of hospital infection of newborn baby in a mother with own baby room,to put forward the corresponding nursing countermeasures,as a result,and to probe into the nursing ways for decreasing the incidence of hospital infection of newborn baby in the same conditions.METHODS A retrospective analysis was made on the monitoring material concerning the hospital infection of newborn babies,who were born in our hospital from 2001 to 2005,in a mother with own baby room.RESULTS The average sick rate of hospital infection of newborn baby in the same conditions was 1.12%.Among them,3.10% was in 2001,1.62% in 2002,1.09% in 2003,0.32% in 2004 and 0.05% was in 2005.And the most was respiratory tract infection,in which the key pathogen causing the infection was Staphylococcus epidermidis.CONCLUSIONS In order to decline the sick rate of hospital infection of newborn baby living in a mother with own baby room,room conditions should be carried out by air disinfection,using disinfected nursing articles and simultaneously doing well the respiratory tract nursing and basic nursing.

The Effects of Blood Glucose Level of Mother on the Blood Glucose Level of Newborn Baby / 대한마취과학회지

It was common to administer glucose to the patients undergoing caesarean section either as a vehicle for oxytocin or to prevent dehydration, ketosis, and hypotension after regional block. The authors investigated thirty cases of mother undergoing caesarean section and their newborn babies to understand the relationship of glucose and electrolytes levels between mother and newborn baby. Five percent dextrose in isctated Ringer's solution was administered as a maintenance fluid. Each patient had a different rate of fluid administration. Blood samples were taken from vein on one of upper extremities of mother and unbillical vein of newborn baby at birth, and femoral vein of newborn baby two hours after birth. In nineteen cases samples from umbilical arteries were taken also. The results were as follows: 1) The levels of potassium in newborn babies were higher than those of mothers, and in newborn the levels at two hours after birth were higher than those at birth. 2) The higher the level of glucose in mother, the higher in newborn baby at birth. 3) The higher the level of glucose in newborn baby at birth, the greater the level of decrease during two hours after birth, and on the contrary the baby who had lower level of glucose showed the tendency to increase two hours after birth. 4) The difference of the level of glucose between umbilical vein and artery in newborn baby was 9.8mg/dl.