ABSTRACT
In the era of the digital economy, farmers' digital literacy has a profound impact on household green cooking energy consumption. Based on data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2018, this paper constructs a digital literacy index using an entropy method and employs the Probit model regression and mediation effect model test to study the impact effect and theoretical mechanism of individual digital literacy on household green cooking energy consumption. The research results show that the improvement of digital literacy can effectively promote the consumption of green cooking energy in households. After using the IV-Probit model and CMP model to solve the endogeneity, this conclusion remains valid; The heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of digital literacy on green cooking energy consumption of households in different regions and different income stages is different. This performance is specific to the eastern and western regions and low-income households. The improvement in digital literacy can significantly promote green cooking energy consumption in rural households; however, in the central region and high-income households the improvements were insignificant. Mechanism analysis shows that digital literacy has a significant positive impact on household green cooking energy consumption through non-agricultural employment and information acquisition. Based on this, it is suggested that the construction of a digital countryside should not only consider the construction of digital infrastructure, but also reasonably guide the cultivation of the internal digital literacy of the construction subject. Moreover, the cultivation of digital literacy should not only focus on regional differences, but also focus on key subjects and implement precise cultivation. We should give full play to the synergistic effect of digital literacy, and pay attention to the non-agricultural employment of farmers and information elements.
Subject(s)
Farmers , Literacy , Humans , China , CookingABSTRACT
In many countries, along with rising rural labor transfer, the problem of rural domestic sewage discharge is becoming increasingly serious due to labor shortages in the villages. It is urgent to solve the environment pollution and health problems of residents which is caused by the massive discharge of domestic sewage in rural areas. Based on the survey data collected from Nanjing Agricultural University in 2020, this paper employs the ordered probit model and the CMP method, to empirically test the impact of non-agricultural employment and regional choice on farmers' domestic sewage discharge behavior and the moderating effect of environmental cognition and the social network. The results show that: (1) There is a significantly positive correlation between non-agricultural employment and farmers' sewage treatment behavior. (2) Environmental cognition significantly improves the participation of urban non-agricultural employment farmers in sewage treatment, and the social network has a significant role in promoting the adoption of sewage treatment behavior of local non-agricultural employment farmers. (3) Further heterogeneity analysis results show that the inhibitory effect of urban non-agricultural employment on random sewage discharge is more pronounced than that of local non-agricultural employment. Therefore, in order to effectively solve the problem of rural domestic sewage discharge, it is necessary to actively guide the sewage discharge behavior of non-agricultural employment households, strengthen the social network interaction within the village, and increase the publicity for sewage discharge knowledge.
Subject(s)
Farmers , Sewage , Agriculture/methods , China , Employment , HumansABSTRACT
A rising rate of suicide among the elderly in rural China has been recognized to be triggered by mental health-associated factors. This study uses 3,397 sampled rural elderly adults from China Labor-force Dynamic Survey in 2016 to explore the response mechanism through which non-agricultural employment participation by the elderly adults in rural China can influence their mental health. Utilizing the Multivariate Regression, Instrumental Variable and Propensity Score Matching methods, we find that, the rural elderly adults who participate in local non-agricultural employment significantly improve their mental health. Self-employment tends to have a greater positive contribution to the mental health of the elderly population than waged employment. Further, work income, need for belongingness and respect, and human capital development significantly mediates the influence of participation in local non-agricultural employment on the mental health of the elderly adults. Finally, we put forward relevant policy suggestions to improving the mental health of the elderly in the countryside.
Subject(s)
Employment , Mental Health , Adult , Aged , China/epidemiology , Humans , Population Dynamics , Rural PopulationABSTRACT
Los hogares rurales diversifican sus ingresos como estrategia para minimizar los riesgos, reducir la variabilidad y asegurar un nivel mínimo de ingreso. Con información panel de la Encuesta Nacional a Hogares Rurales de México, el presente estudio examina, bajo una perspectiva de género, los factores que determinan la participación en el sector no agropecuario. Los resultados señalan que en las ocupaciones asalariadas no agropecuarias, los hombres participan con menores niveles de escolaridad y la condición de indígena limita la incorporación de ambos géneros. En actividades no agropecuarias por cuenta propia son esenciales la riqueza acumulada del hogar y los servicios financieros, de comunicación y transporte.
As famílias rurais diversificam sua renda como estratégia para minimizar o risco, reduzir a variabilidade e garantir um nível mínimo de renda. Com informações da Encuesta Nacional a Hogares Rurales de México, o presente estudo examinou, sob uma perspectiva de gênero, os fatores que determinam a participação no setor não agrícola. Os resultados indicam que, nas ocupações assalariadas não agrícolas, os homens participam com baixos níveis de escolaridade e a situação indígena limita a incorporação de ambos os sexos. Em atividades de autoemprego não agrícola, são essenciais a riqueza acumulada das famílias e serviços financeiros, de comunicação e transporte.
Rural households diversify their income as a strategy to minimize risk, reduce variability and ensure a minimum level of income. With information panel of the National Rural Household Survey of Mexico, this study examined under a gender perspective, the factors that determine participation in the non-agricultural sector. The results indicate that employed in non-agricultural occupations, men participate with lower levels of education and indigenous status limits the incorporation of both genders. In non-agricultural self-employment activities are essential household accumulated wealth and financial services, communication and transportation.
