Correlation between unproven therapies and delayed return-to-work for COVID-19-infected healthcare workers.

The objective of this study is to investigate factors influencing the time to return to work (RTW) of HealthCare Workers (HCW) infected with COVID-19 during the initial wave of the pandemic in a southern French university hospital. Data collection of 170 HCW (between March 16 to June 1, 2020) included demographic and professional information, clinical profiles, comorbidities, medical management, therapies and RT-PCR results. The mean time to RTW was 15.6 days. Multivariate analyses revealed that the time to RTW was shorter among laboratory and emergency workers, while it was longer for HCW aged 40 to 49 years, at higher risk of severe illness, with a delayed negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR or those treated with azithromycin and/or hydroxychloroquine. This study highlights diverse factors affecting HCW RTW post-COVID-19 infection, underscoring the importance of exercising caution in administering unproven therapies to HCW during the early stages of a novel infectious pandemic.

A Rare Case of Melioidosis in the Bronx.

Melioidosis is caused by a gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei), which is found in water and soil in endemic areas. There are indicators that B. pseudomallei is increasing in endemic regions and expanding into new locations. It is unclear whether this is because of expanded boundaries or improved detection capabilities. It is even theorized to be endemic in certain parts of the USA. The most common medical risk factor is diabetes mellitus, and it frequently presents as acute pneumonia, and often progresses to bacteremia. It is designated as a tier 1 select biological agent and toxin by the CDC. In this case report, we present a 67-year-old male with multiple comorbidities, who contracted melioidosis while visiting Honduras, as well as the laboratory's response to the occupational exposure.

Pulmonary Capacity, Blood Composition and Metabolism among Coal Mine Workers in High- and Low-Altitude Aboveground and Underground Workplaces.

(1) Background: While previous studies revealed how underground mining might adversely affect the cardiopulmonary functions of workers, this study further investigated the differences between under- and aboveground mining at both high and low altitudes, which has received little attention in the literature. (2) Methods: Seventy-one healthy male coal mine workers were recruited, who had worked at least 5 years at the mining sites located above the ground at high (>3900 m; n = 19) and low (<120 m; n = 16) altitudes as well as under the ground at high (n = 20) and low (n = 16) altitudes. Participants' heart rates, pulmonary functions, total energy expenditure and metabolism were measured over a 5-consecutive-day session at health clinics. (3) Results: Combining the results for both above- and underground locations, workers at high-altitude mining sites had significantly higher peak heart rate (HR), minimum average HR and training impulse as well as energy expenditure due to all substances and due to fat than those at low-altitude sites. They also had significantly higher uric acid, total cholesterol, creatine kinase and N-osteocalcin in their blood samples than the workers at low-altitude mining sites. At underground worksites, the participants working at high-altitude had a significantly higher average respiratory rate than those at low-altitude regions. (4) Conclusion: In addition to underground mining, attention should be paid to high-altitude mining as working under a hypoxia condition at such altitude likely presents physiological challenges.

Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Male Farmers Over the Age of 45: A Review of Literature.

The prevalence of heart disease in farmers is well documented, but there is limited research characterizing the diverse risk factors associated specifically with male farmers over the age of 45 in the United States, while also providing a multifactorial strategy to address these concerns. The majority of current research either focuses on the general rural population or does not take into account different demographic variables. Hence, this review looked to address those gaps by focusing on those specific variables. A literature review was generated looking at risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease in farmers using key search terms. Next, an additional search was conducted focusing on treatment plans to address these concerns. The articles were then sorted based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The initial articles were sorted by one researcher and then reassessed on two separate occasions. The literature review was performed using these databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Ovid Medline. A total of 221 articles were generated, of which 12 articles matched the criteria. The articles highlighted important risk factors that were either social or non-social determinants of health that negatively impacted the target population. These were followed up by offering solutions that attempted to provide a holistic approach, including clinical and community-based interventions. Male farmers over the age of 45 years are at an increased risk of being diagnosed with heart disease compared to non-farmers in the same demographic. When attempting to implement interventions, stress management should be incorporated into the treatment plan. In addition, a multifaceted approach targeting clinical and community concerns is recommended.

Work Stressors and Occupational Health of Young Employees: The Moderating Role of Work Adaptability.

Work adaptability refers to the work experience, habits, and skills that enable an individual to adapt to current or changing work tasks and situations. It is a coping resource that individuals use to mitigate various types of stress. Adopting the interaction model of work stress, this study investigated 168 young employees in 20 organizations in Zhejiang Province through interview research and a questionnaire survey. The results show that work adaptability has a significant main effect on occupational health. The work adaptability of employees plays a moderating role in the relationship between occupational health and lack of work meaning stress, role conflict stress, interpersonal relationship stress, negative organizational atmosphere stress, and total score of work stressors. Young employees with high work adaptability have worse occupational health under high-level stress situations due to a lack of work meaning. For promoting occupational health in young employees, organizations should have this group of workers complete meaningful jobs or inform them of the importance of their jobs, reduce role conflict, and create a supportive organizational atmosphere. For management, it is imperative to eliminate high-level stress that stems from a lack of work meaning in order to retain young employees with high work adaptability. These findings shed light on how work adaptability helps young employees deal with stress and improve their occupational health. In organizational and self-stress management, it is beneficial to improve employees' work adaptability continuously as a means of effectively resisting stress and maintaining occupational health.

B Vitamins, work-related stress and emotional mental disorders: a cross-sectional study among nurses in Indonesia.

AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between intake of vitamins B1, B6, B9 and B12 with emotional mental disorders among nurses in Indonesia. DESIGN: This cross-sectional study included nurses who have worked at least six months at a private hospital in Indonesia from March to April 2021. METHODS: We used the Food Frequency Questionnaire, Self-Reporting Questionnaire 20 and the Expanded Nursing Stress Scale questionnaire to assess the B-vitamin intake, emotional mental disorders and work-related stress. RESULTS: Of 80 interviewed nurses, 8.8% experienced severe work-related stress, and 22.5% had emotional mental disorders. Most nurses had inadequate intake of vitamins B1 and B9 but had adequate intake of vitamins B6 (72.5%) and B12 (56.3%). Emotional mental disorders are more probably to occur in nurses with less intake of vitamins B6 and B12, with respective aOR of 20.06, 95% CI 4.14-97.09 (p < .001) and 4.49, 95% CI 1.19-16.83 (p = .026).

The Association between Working Posture and Workers' Depression.

Various studies have focused on the association between physical health and working posture. However, little research has been conducted on the association between working posture and mental health, despite the importance of workers' mental health. This study aimed to examine the association between working posture and workers' depression. A total of 49,877 workers were analyzed using data from the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey. We utilized multiple logistic regression to analyze the variables associated with workers' depression. This study showed that several working postures, such as tiring or painful positions, lifting or moving people, standing, and sitting, were associated with depression in workers. Furthermore, occupation types, job satisfaction, and physical health problems related to back pain and pain in upper (neck, shoulder, and arm) and lower (hip, leg, knee, and foot) body parts were associated with workers' depression. Therefore, this study demonstrated that working posture is associated with workers' depression. In particular, working postures causing musculoskeletal pain, improper working postures maintained for a long time, and occupation types were associated with workers' depression. Our findings demonstrate the need for appropriate management and interventions for addressing pain-inducing or improper working postures in the workplace.

Work site access to fluoridated tap water and retail beverages: An assessment of the University of California, San Francisco campuses.

BACKGROUND: Employees with fluoridated drinking water access at work can reap oral health benefits. The purpose of this study was to assess the availability, appeal, and promotion of fluoridated tap water in publicly accessible spaces compared with retail beverages at the University of California, San Francisco. METHODS: The authors collected information on beverages available in publicly accessible spaces at University of California, San Francisco hospitals and campuses in San Francisco, California, from December 2019 through February 2020 using a web-based survey tool. Data collected included fluoridated water and retail beverage locations; type of water or retail beverage source; number of water sources per station; cleanliness, flow, and any obstruction of water sources; proximity of water stations to retail beverage locations; signage near the beverage locations about water and beverage consumption; and type of retail beverages available. RESULTS: Fluoridated water stations were identified in 230 locations and had 377 water sources (for example, traditional drinking fountain and motion-sensor bottle-filling station). One water station was available for every 80 students and employees; however, 25% were obstructed, dirty, or had unsatisfactory flow. Approximately 1 in 5 watercoolers lacked disposable cups. Of 41 retail beverage locations identified, 29% had a water station within sight. Only 11% of beverage locations had signage encouraging healthier beverage choices. CONCLUSIONS: A systematic assessment of work site access to fluoridated water can provide actionable evidence to improve availability, appeal, and promotion. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: This study provides a model to assess work site availability of fluoridated drinking water that can be used for future evaluations.

Mapping the knowledge domain of occupational health research in China / 中国职业医学

@#Objective To map the knowledge domain of occupational health research in China. Methods Articles were searched in the China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database using“occupational health”as the subject term. Journal sources were limited to the journals of China Social Science Citation Index and core journals of China and Chinese Science Citation Database. The search period starts in 1992 and ends on November 26，2021. The valid data was visually analyzed using CiteSpace softwere. Results A total of 2 351 papers related to occupational health from 1992 to 2021 were obtained. In the past 30 years，the number of articles with the title of“occupational health”has been on the rise and reached its peak in 2014. China Occupational Medicine，Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases，and Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine were the top three journals in terms of number of articles published，which produced 438，339 and 280 articles respectively. Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment were the top two organizations in terms of number of articles published，which produced 169 and 116 articles respectively. Occupational medical examination，occupational health surveillance，and occupational health risk assessment were the three hot issues in the field of occupational health research. Conclusions In the past 30 years， occupational health research in China has achieved remarkable progress in terms of article publications and interdisciplinary cooperation，and future work should focus on the academic impact of articles and interdisciplinary research cooperation.

Mapping the knowledge domain of occupational health research in China / 中国职业医学

@#Objective To map the knowledge domain of occupational health research in China. Methods Articles were searched in the China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database using“occupational health”as the subject term. Journal sources were limited to the journals of China Social Science Citation Index and core journals of China and Chinese Science Citation Database. The search period starts in 1992 and ends on November 26，2021. The valid data was visually analyzed using CiteSpace softwere. Results A total of 2 351 papers related to occupational health from 1992 to 2021 were obtained. In the past 30 years，the number of articles with the title of“occupational health”has been on the rise and reached its peak in 2014. China Occupational Medicine，Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases，and Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine were the top three journals in terms of number of articles published，which produced 438，339 and 280 articles respectively. Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment were the top two organizations in terms of number of articles published，which produced 169 and 116 articles respectively. Occupational medical examination，occupational health surveillance，and occupational health risk assessment were the three hot issues in the field of occupational health research. Conclusions In the past 30 years， occupational health research in China has achieved remarkable progress in terms of article publications and interdisciplinary cooperation，and future work should focus on the academic impact of articles and interdisciplinary research cooperation.

Occupation and Sickness Absence in the Different Autonomous Communities of Spain.

The occupation of a worker is a determining factor of sickness absence (SA) and can influence both the beginning and continuation of the latter. This study describes SA in Spain, separately in the different Autonomous Communities (AC) in relation to the occupation of workers, with the aim of determining the possible differences in its frequency and duration, relating it also to the diagnosis. A total of 6,543,307 workers, aged 16 years and older, who had at least one episode of SA in the year 2019, constituted the study sample. The obtained results indicate that SA is more frequent and shorter in more elemental occupations. The average duration increases with age and is longer in women, except in technical and administrative occupations, where there is no gender divide. Sickness absences caused by musculoskeletal and mental disorders are more frequent in the lower occupational classes, although their average duration is shorter than in other, more qualified groups. The ACs with shorter duration in almost all the occupational groups are Madrid, Navarre and the Basque Country. In conclusion, SA is more frequent and shorter in lower occupational classes.

Analytical data on respiratory symptoms and pulmonary impairments due to exposure to non-combusted liquefied petroleum gas.

The article is aimed at assessing the effects of chronic exposure to non-combusted LPG on the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and appraising the potential pulmonary impairments among LPG vendors. A case control design in which vendors and non-vendors of LPG from Calabar, Nigeria were used for the data collection. Seventy five (75) apparently healthy LPG vendors and Seventy five (75) apparently healthy non LPG vendors, aged 18 to 50 years were considered. A structured questionnaire was randomly administered to the participants to obtain information on age, family history, medical history, physical lifestyle, drug usage, occupation and duration on the job. The Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were obtained using a Spirometer while FEV1/FVC was calculated. Independent t-test was applied to determine the mean difference between the exposed and control groups at 5% level of significance. Chi-square test/Fisher's exact test was used to investigate all forms of associations in the study. It is evident in the data that nasal irritation/sneezing and cough were significantly associated with the LPG vendors. The pulmonary function parameters except FEV1/FVC indicated significant reduction among LPG vendors. The data can further be reused by applying regression analysis, correlation analysis to determine the relationship between pulmonary function indices and duration of exposure. Also, analysis of variance (ANOVA) can be used for determining the effect of interaction between age of exposed group and duration of exposure on pulmonary function parameters.

Management of coping with the risks of COVID-19 in an onco-hematological outpatient clinic: an experience report / Gestión del afrontamiento de los riesgos de COVID-19 en una red oncohematológica ambulatoria: relato de experiencia / Gestão do enfrentamento dos riscos da COVID-19 em uma rede ambulatorial onco-hematológica: relato de experiência

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the experience of a private outpatient network for hematology and oncology treatment in the adoption of management tools to face the risk of contamination by SARS-CoV-2. Method: an experience report on the use of a root cause analysis method to identify potential risks of contamination by COVID-19 among patients and employees. Through the risks identified through the Ishikawa Diagram, we built an action plan, linked to the 5W2H tool, for planning and decision-making implemented. Results: the number of attendances in person and people circulating in the units was reduced, protective distance measures and new protection barriers were fundamental to control the risks of spreading COVID-19 in patients and employees. Final considerations: the management tools served as a valuable tool in the construction of measures, making the measures in question more clearly and applicable.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir la experiencia de una red privada ambulatoria de tratamiento onco-hematológico en la adopción de herramientas de manejo para enfrentar el riesgo de contaminación por SARS-CoV-2. Método: informe de experiencia sobre el uso de un método de análisis de causa raíz para identificar riesgos potenciales de contaminación por COVID-19 entre pacientes y empleados. A través de los riesgos identificados a través del Diagrama de Ishikawa, construimos un plan de acción, vinculado a la herramienta 5W2H, para planificar y tomar decisiones implementadas. Resultados: se redujo el número de asistencia presencial y de personas circulantes en las unidades, las medidas de protección a distancia y nuevas barreras de protección fueron fundamentales para controlar los riesgos de diseminación del COVID-19 en pacientes y colaboradores. Consideraciones finales: las herramientas de gestión sirvieron como una valiosa herramienta en la construcción de las medidas, haciendo que las medidas en cuestión sean más claras y aplicables.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever a experiência de uma rede ambulatorial privada de tratamento onco-hematológico na adoção de ferramentas de gestão para o enfrentamento do risco de contaminação por SARS-CoV-2. Método: relato de experiência acerca do uso de um método de análise de causa-raiz para a identificação de potenciais riscos de contaminação pela COVID-19 entre pacientes e colaboradores. Através dos riscos identificados por meio do Diagrama de Ishikawa, construímos um plano de ações, articulado à ferramenta 5W2H, para um planejamento e tomada de decisões implementadas. Resultados: foi reduzido o quantitativo de atendimentos presencias e de pessoas circulantes nas unidades, medidas protetivas de distanciamento e novas barreiras de proteção foram fundamentais ao controle dos riscos de disseminação da COVID-19 em pacientes e colaboradores. Considerações finais: as ferramentas de gestão serviram como instrumento de grande valia na construção das medidas, viabilizando com maior clareza e aplicabilidade as medidas colocadas em questão.

Breaking the Culture-specific Silence of Women Glass Bead Makers in Ghana: Towards Empowerment.

BACKGROUND: The production of glass beads in Ghana is greatly impacted by the ingenuity of Ghanaian women. Preliminary investigations revealed the lack of interest on the part of women due to poor working conditions as a result of the influence of culture-specific silence. Therefore, the study investigated the poor working conditions faced by these industrious women with the ultimate goal of suggesting ways they can be empowered. METHODS: A phenomenological study was conducted in two indigenous glass bead communities in Ghana. Data were solicited via direct observations, personal interviews and focus group discussions. Twenty-six purposively sampled respondents were recruited for the study. Data from the study were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. RESULTS: The results confirmed that the elderly women glass bead makers are much influenced by the Ghanaian culture of silence. This prevents the women from speaking about the challenges they are facing in their work. Also, the women are silenced because of the fear of losing their jobs as well as the reluctance of their male managers to remedy the challenges they encounter in the course of work. This has resulted in poor remuneration, lack of insurance packages for workers, certification, and absence of personal protective tools for the women. CONCLUSION: The study tasks the government of Ghana, the Legal Advocacy for Women in Africa (LAWA), the Fair Wages and Salaries Commission in Ghana, the Ghana Trade Union as well as the Local Government Workers' Union to empower the women to sustain the glass bead industry in Ghana.

Use of auriculotherapy to control of low back pain, anxiety and stress of professionals of the correctional system / Uso da auriculoterapia no controle da lombalgia, ansiedade e estresse de profissionais do sistema penitenciário

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Auriculotherapy is an integrative practice used to relieve physical and emotional symptoms, especially in relation to pain. It has a low cost and easy applicability, which makes it a viable and eligible therapeutic resource. The present study aimed to identify the contributions of auriculotherapy to improve the quality of life of professionals of the correctional system. METHODS: Experimental study, with data collection between July and December 2018 in the female public prison of a city of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Low back pain, anxiety, and stress were the symptoms selected for the intervention with auriculotherapy evaluated at each auriculotherapy session by psychometric instruments. Data analysis was performed using STATA software version 12.0. RESULTS: Women aged between 30 and 44 years old, brown, with complete higher education and living with spouse prevailed. There was a greater reduction in the intensity of symptoms in the intervention group, especially in relation to stress and low back pain, which indicates the effectiveness of auriculotherapy in this group. CONCLUSION: Auriculotherapy has shown promising in this occupational context and can bring direct benefits to professionals, both in relation to the willingness to work and to promote the quality of life.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A auriculoterapia é uma prática integrativa utilizada para o alívio de sintomas físicos e emocionais, principalmente em relação à dor. Possui baixo custo e fácil aplicabilidade, o que torna um recurso terapêutico viável e elegível. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as contribuições da auriculoterapia para a promoção da qualidade de vida de profissionais do sistema penitenciário. MÉTODOS: Estudo experimental, com coleta de dados entre julho e dezembro de 2018 na cadeia pública feminina de um município mato-grossense, Brasil. Foram elencados os sintomas lombalgia, ansiedade e estresse para a intervenção com auriculoterapia, sendo avaliados a cada sessão por meio de instrumentos psicométricos. A análise dos dados foi realizada através do programa STATA versão 12.0. RESULTADOS: Houve prevalência de mulheres com idade entre 30 e 44 anos, cor parda, com ensino superior completo e residindo com cônjuge. Verificou-se redução mais acentuada da intensidade dos sintomas no grupo intervenção, especialmente em relação ao estresse e lombalgia, o que aponta a efetividade da auriculoterapia nesse grupo. CONCLUSÃO: A auriculoterapia mostrou-se promissora neste contexto ocupacional, podendo trazer benefícios diretos aos profissionais, tanto em relação à disposição para o exercício laboral quanto para a promoção da qualidade de vida.

Velhice, trabalho e saúde do trabalhador no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa / Elderly, work and worker health in Brazil: an integrative review

Resumo Objetivo Discutir a relação entre a velhice, o trabalho e a saúde do trabalhador no Brasil, a partir de produções científicas brasileiras obtidas de uma revisão integrativa. Método e resultados: Definidos uma pergunta norteadora e critérios para a busca, realizou-se uma pesquisa nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). No total de 341 produções encontradas, 10 foram selecionadas após verificação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão para esta revisão. Conclusão Além da incipiência em estudos que relacionem trabalho, idoso e saúde do trabalhador, foi identificada, através das pesquisas, a baixa efetividade das políticas públicas no âmbito do direito ao trabalho para os idosos no Brasil, levando em consideração sua saúde. Portanto, aponta-se a necessidade de desenvolvimento futuros estudos e discussões sobre esses temas, de modo a promover a criação de políticas públicas complementares de incentivo à participação ao trabalho da população idosa com a adoção de medidas de atenção à saúde do trabalhador idoso no Brasil.

Abstract Objective To discuss the relation between old age, work and the worker health in Brazil, from Brazilian scientific productions collected by means of an integrative review. Method and results: once defined a guiding question and search criteria, a research was conducted in databases of the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and the Digital Brazilian Library of Thesis and Dissertations (BDTD). From 341 productions found, 10 of them were selected, after verification of the inclusion and exclusion criteria for this review. Conclusion Besides the incipiency of studies which relate work, elderly and worker health, throughout this research it was identified the low effectiveness of the public policies in the scope of work rights to elderly people in Brazil, taking into account their health. Therefore, it is highlighted the need for developing future studies and discussions on these themes, in order to promote the formulation of complementary public policies for improvement of the presence in work of elderly people with the adoption of actions aiming at attention to health of elderly workers in Brazil.

Prevenção e reabilitação da dor lombar em trabalhadores de enfermagem: revisão integrativa da literatura / Prevención y rehabilitación del dolor lumbar en trabajadores de enfermería: revisión integral de la literatura / Prevention and rehabilitation of low back pain in nursing workers: an integrative literature review

Objetivo: identificar estratégias de prevenção e reabilitação da dor lombar em trabalhadores de enfermagem. Método: revisão integrativa de literatura. As buscas aconteceram nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE/PUBMED e na biblioteca eletrônica SCIELO com artigos em inglês, espanhol ou português de 2009 a 2019. Resultados: resultaram 14 publicações e a construção de três categorias: "estratégias de prevenção", "estratégias reabilitativas complementares" e "estratégias combinadas". A prevenção envolveu a educação online e a baseada em Modelo de Crenças em Saúde, as estratégias complementares foram representadas pela massagem, liberação miofascial e yoga. As estratégias combinadas como a Escola de Coluna parecem fornecer um modelo mais adequado para o manejo da dor lombar não específica. Conclusão: o número escasso de publicações acerca do tema sugere novos estudos para se obterem melhores evidências da eficácia dessas estratégias e também a utilização de novas abordagens, principalmente, multimodais nessa população específica no ambiente laboral.

Objective: to identify strategies for the prevention and rehabilitation of low back pain in nursing workers. Method: integrative literature review. The searches took place in the LILACS, MEDLINE / PUBMED, and SCIELO databases, including articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese from 2009 to 2019. Results: the 14 publications found enabled the construction of three categories: "testing strategies", "complementary rehabilitation strategies", and "combined strategies". Prevention consisted mainly of online education and strategies based on the Health Belief Model. The complementary strategies found were massage, myofascial release and yoga. Combined strategies such as the Spine School seem to provide a more adequate model for the management of non-specific lower back pain. Conclusion: because of the small number of publications on the subject, new studies are needed to obtain better results on these strategies usage rates and the adoption of mainly multimodal new approaches for this specific population in its work environment.

Objetivo: identificar estrategias de prevención y rehabilitación del dolor lumbar en trabajadores de enfermería. Método: revisión integral de literatura. Las búsquedas ocurrieron en bases de datos LILACS, MEDLINE/PUBMED y biblioteca electrónica SCIELO en artículos en inglés, español o portugués de 2009 a 2019. Resultados: resultaron 14 publicaciones y tres categorías: "estrategias de prevención", "estrategias de rehabilitación complementarias" y "estrategias combinadas". La prevención abarcó educación online así como la basada en Modelo de Crencias en Salud, en cambio, las estrategias complementarias se representaron por masaje, liberación miofascial e yoga. Se cree que las estrategias combinadas como la Escuela de Columna fornecen un modelo más adecuado para el manejo del dolor lumbar no específico. Conclusióm: el número escaso de publicaciones acerca del tema demanda nuevos estudios para mejores evidencias de la eficacia de esas estrategias, así como utilización de nuevos abordajes, principalmente multimodales en la población específica del ambiente laboral.

Public policies and the insertion of old people in the labor market in Brazil / Políticas públicas e a inserção da pessoa idosa no mercado de trabalho no Brasil

Abstract Objective: Discuss how Brazilian public policies aimed at old people address the right of the old people to decent work, and the promotion of their insertion and maintenance at work. Method: Bibliographic research was carried out to analyze the Brazilian public policies aimed at old people. In order to deepen the analysis of these policies, they were consulted in full on Brazilian government websites. The data was analyzed based on content analysis. Results: Among the public policies aimed at the old people those having some type of work-related disposition provision are: the National Policy for Old People, State Policy for Old People, Statute of the Elderly, and National Health Policy for Old People. The work-related propositions were categorized into: I. Creation of working conditions for old people; II. Preventing discrimination and encouraging the hiring of old people; III. Continuing education for old people; IV. Retirement; V. Work as a choice. Conclusion: Over time, Brazilian public policies aimed at old people have been improving the approach to decent work, and the promotion of the insertion and maintenance of old people in their work. However, there is still a lack of better advances and clarifications about the guidelines and recommendations related to work for old people, emphasizing the importance of work contexts considering the conditions and organizations impacting the possibility of insertion and maintenance of old people at work.

Resumo Objetivo: Refletir como as políticas públicas brasileiras direcionadas às pessoas idosas abordam o direito das pessoas idosas a um trabalho decente e a promoção da inserção e manutenção delas no trabalho. Método: Realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica para levantamento das políticas públicas brasileiras direcionadas às pessoas idosas. Para aprofundamento da análise dessas políticas, realizou-se a consulta delas na íntegra em websites governamentais brasileiros. Os dados foram analisados com embasamento na análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Dentre as políticas públicas direcionadas às pessoas idosas, as que possuem algum tipo de disposição relacionada ao trabalho são: Política Nacional do Idoso, Política Estadual do Idoso, Estatuto do Idoso e Política Nacional de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa. As proposições relacionadas ao trabalho foram categorizadas em: I. Criação de condições de trabalho às pessoas idosas; II. Impedimento da discriminação e estímulo da contratação da pessoa idosa; III. Educação continuada às pessoas idosas; IV. Aposentadoria; V. Trabalho como escolha. Conclusão: As políticas públicas brasileiras direcionadas às pessoas idosas foram aprimorando, ao longo do tempo, a abordagem quanto ao trabalho decente e à promoção da inserção e manutenção da pessoa idosa nesse trabalho. Entretanto, ainda faltam melhores avanços e esclarecimentos acerca das diretrizes e recomendações relacionadas ao trabalho para as pessoas idosas, evidenciando-se a importância dos contextos de trabalho, considerando as condições e organizações que impactam na possibilidade de inserção e manutenção da pessoa idosa no trabalho.

[Occupational Health Risk Assessment of Low Concentrations Benzene Toluene and Xylenes].

Objective: To Assess occupational health risks of exposuring to low concentrations (lower than occupational exposure limit, OEL) benzene, toluene and Xylenes. Methods: Qualitative evaluation, semi-quantitative evaluation and quantitative evaluation from guidelines for occupational health risk assessment of chemicals in the workplace were conducted to assess occupational health risks exposure to benzene compounds in different workplaces of 5 manufacturing enterprises, respectively. Results: Concentrations of benzene, toluene and Xylenes in all workplaces were lower than OEL. Qualitative evaluation showed that occupational health risk level was 4 exposure to benzene and Xylenes in all workpalces, while 2 exposure to toluene. Semi-quantitative evaluation showed low level (2 of 5) risks in all workplaces exposured to benzene compounds excepted 4 workpalces exposured to benzene, the latter was moderate (3 of 5) . Quantitative evaluation gave unacceptable carcinogenic risk (higher than 10(-4)) of benzene in the wood toy manufactory, and the highest risk was (1.48~5.26) ×10(-4). The occupational health risks of benzene and Xylenes were all unacceptable (HQ>1) in 9 workplaces. Conclusion: There still need more attention to occupational health risks exposure to benzene, toluene and Xylenes lower than OEL.