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1.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515157

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Si bien la primera causa de crisis epilépticas en la población adulta mayor es el accidente cerebrovascular, un importante diagnóstico diferencial corresponde al limb shaking syndrome, una manifestación clínica particular de un accidente isquémico transitorio. Caso clínico: Se describe entonces el caso de un hombre chileno de 62 años de edad que sufre una crisis focal motora sin alteración de conciencia con evidencia imagenológica de injuria isquémica de unos 10 días de antigüedad y de estenosis carotídea significativa, la cual es manejada quirúrgicamente. Discusión: Existen diferentes elementos que pueden distinguir una crisis epiléptica de un limb shaking sryndrome. La fisiopatología de la primera corresponde un fenómeno irritativo post isquémico con una clara manifestación electroencefalográfica, mientras que la segunda es producida por hipoperfusión relativa gatillada por ortostatismo en el contexto de una enfermedad carotídea oclusiva. El cuadro clínico del paciente se consideró más compatible con una crisis epiléptica que con un limb shaking syndrome.


Introduction: Although the leading cause of seizures in the older adult population is cerebrovascular accident, limb shaking syndrome is an important differential diagnosis, being a particular clinical manifestation of a transient ischemic attack. Clinical case: We thus describe a clinical case of a 62-year-old Chilean man who suffers a simple focal motor epileptic seizure, with imaging evidence of ischemic injury about 10 days old and significant carotid stenosis which is managed surgically. Discussion: There are different elements that can distinguish an epileptic seizure from a limb shaking syndrome. The pathophysiology of the first corresponds to a post-ischemic irritative phenomenon with a clear electroencephalographic manifestation, while the second is produced by relative hypoperfusion triggered by orthostatism in the context of carotid occlusive disease. The patient's clinical picture was considered more compatible with an epileptic seizure than with a limb shaking syndrome syndrome.

2.
Neurocirugia (Astur : Engl Ed) ; 29(4): 170-186, 2018.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29550248

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral revascularization techniques are an indispensable tool in the current armamentarium of vascular neurosurgeons. We present revascularization surgery experience and results in both moyamoya disease and occlusive cerebral ischaemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with ischaemic occlusive disease and moyamoya disease who underwent microsurgical revascularization between October 2014 and September 2017 were analysed. RESULTS: In the study period, 23 patients with occlusive ischaemic disease underwent microsurgical revascularization. Three patients presented with serious postoperative complications (2 intraparenchymal haemorrhages in the immediate postoperative period and one thrombosis of the femoral artery). All patients, except one, achieved normalization of the cerebral hemodynamic reserve (CHR) in the SPECT study. Twenty patients had a good neurological result, with no ischaemic recurrence of the revascularized territory. Among patients with moyamoya, 20 had moyamoya disease and 5 had moyamoya syndrome with unilateral involvement. Five patients were treated at paediatric age. Haemorrhagic onset occurred in 2 patients. The CHR study showed hemodynamic compromise in all patients. Cerebral SPECT at one year showed resolution of the hemodynamic failure in all patients. There have been 4 postoperative complications (acute subdural hematoma, two subdural collections and one dehiscence of the surgical wound). No patient presented with neurological worsening at 6 and 12months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Cerebral revascularization through end-to-side anastomosis between the superficial temporal artery and a cortical branch of the middle cerebral artery is an indisputable technique in the treatment of moyamoya disease and possibly in a subgroup of patients with symptomatic occlusive ischaemic cerebrovascular disease.


Subject(s)
Arterial Occlusive Diseases/surgery , Brain Ischemia/surgery , Carotid Arteries , Cerebral Revascularization , Moyamoya Disease/surgery , Aged , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/complications , Brain Ischemia/complications , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Moyamoya Disease/complications , Treatment Outcome
3.
Rev. cuba. angiol. cir. vasc ; 17(1): 0-0, ene.-jun. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-783749

ABSTRACT

La oclusión de la arteria carotidea interna no es infrecuente, típicamente su evolución impide la endarterectomía debido a que el trombo se extiende hasta el origen de la arteria oftálmica y hace inadecuada su reconstrucción. La carótida interna solo emite ramas intracraneales, pero extraordinariamente, existe una rama extracraneal de la carótida interna que mantiene el flujo distal a la oclusión y hace viable la revascularización como en el caso que se describe a continuación. Se trata de un paciente masculino, blanco, de 67 años de edad, fumador inveterado con antecedentes de dislipidemia. Acude por presentar disminución de la visión del ojo izquierdo acompañado de cuadros vertiginosos. Con el ultrasonido vascular y la angiotomografía computarizada se comprobó la oclusión de la emergencia de la carótida interna izquierda, con recanalización distal y presencia de vaso colateral anómalo. Se realizó endarterectomía carotidea y restitución del flujo a la carótida interna con preservación del vaso anómalo. El paciente evolucionó de forma satisfactoria. El conocimiento de las variantes anatómicas y una técnica cuidadosa permiten alcanzar buenos resultados en la cirugía de la oclusión carotidea(AU)


Occlusion of internal carotid artery is not uncommon; its progression frequently hinders endarterectomy because the thrombus extends into the origin of the ophthalmic artery, making the carotid artery inadequate for reconstruction. The internal carotid only emits intracranial branches, but exceptionally, there is an extracranial branch of the internal carotid that keeps the distal flow to the occlusion and makes the revascularization viable as it occurs in the case described here. This is a 67 years old Caucasian male patient, heavy smoker with a history of dyslipidemia. He went to the doctors because of decreased vision in his left eye and dizzy changes. Vascular US and angiotomography showed occlusion of left internal carotid artery, with distal recanalization and presence of collateral anomalous vessel. The treatment consisted of carotid endarterectomy and reestablishment of the flow to the left internal carotid with preservation of the anomalous collateral vessel with satisfactory recovery. The knowledge of the anatomical variations and a careful surgical technique allow reaching good results in carotid occlusion surgery(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Endarterectomy, Carotid , Endarterectomy/methods
4.
Rev cuba angiol y cir vasc ; 17(1)ene.-jun. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-64281

ABSTRACT

La oclusión de la arteria carotidea interna no es infrecuente, típicamente su evolución impide la endarterectomía debido a que el trombo se extiende hasta el origen de la arteria oftálmica y hace inadecuada su reconstrucción. La carótida interna solo emite ramas intracraneales, pero extraordinariamente, existe una rama extracraneal de la carótida interna que mantiene el flujo distal a la oclusión y hace viable la revascularización como en el caso que se describe a continuación. Se trata de un paciente masculino, blanco, de 67 años de edad, fumador inveterado con antecedentes de dislipidemia. Acude por presentar disminución de la visión del ojo izquierdo acompañado de cuadros vertiginosos. Con el ultrasonido vascular y la angiotomografía computarizada se comprobó la oclusión de la emergencia de la carótida interna izquierda, con recanalización distal y presencia de vaso colateral anómalo. Se realizó endarterectomía carotidea y restitución del flujo a la carótida interna con preservación del vaso anómalo. El paciente evolucionó de forma satisfactoria. El conocimiento de las variantes anatómicas y una técnica cuidadosa permiten alcanzar buenos resultados en la cirugía de la oclusión carotidea(AU)


Occlusion of internal carotid artery is not uncommon; its progression frequently hinders endarterectomy because the thrombus extends into the origin of the ophthalmic artery, making the carotid artery inadequate for reconstruction. The internal carotid only emits intracranial branches, but exceptionally, there is an extracranial branch of the internal carotid that keeps the distal flow to the occlusion and makes the revascularization viable as it occurs in the case described here. This is a 67 years old Caucasian male patient, heavy smoker with a history of dyslipidemia. He went to the doctors because of decreased vision in his left eye and dizzy changes. Vascular US and angiotomography showed occlusion of left internal carotid artery, with distal recanalization and presence of collateral anomalous vessel. The treatment consisted of carotid endarterectomy and reestablishment of the flow to the left internal carotid with preservation of the anomalous collateral vessel with satisfactory recovery. The knowledge of the anatomical variations and a careful surgical technique allow reaching good results in carotid occlusion surgery(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Carotid Artery, Internal/surgery , Endarterectomy, Carotid/methods , Carotid Artery Diseases/surgery , Angiography , Ultrasonography
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