Surgical Aspects of Wound Care in Older Adults.

The physical, emotional, and financial toll of acute and chronic nonhealing wounds on older adults and their caregivers is immense. Surgical treatment of wounds in older adults can facilitate healing but must consider the medical complexity of the patient, the patient's desires for treatment and the likelihood of healing. Innovative approaches and devices can promote rapid healing. By using a team approach, from preoperative planning to postoperative care, with a focus on the needs and desires of the patient, successful outcomes with improved patient satisfaction are possible even in medically complex patients.

Hospital Staff Perspectives on the Drivers and Challenges in Implementing a Virtual Rehabilitation Ward: Qualitative Study.

Background: Over the past decade, the adoption of virtual wards has surged. Virtual wards aim to prevent unnecessary hospital admissions, expedite home discharge, and enhance patient satisfaction, which are particularly beneficial for the older adult population who faces risks associated with hospitalization. Consequently, substantial investments are being made in virtual rehabilitation wards (VRWs), despite evidence of varying levels of success in their implementation. However, the facilitators and barriers experienced by virtual ward staff for the rapid implementation of these innovative care models remain poorly understood. Objective: This paper presents insights from hospital staff working on an Australian VRW in response to the growing demand for programs aimed at preventing hospital admissions. We explore staff's perspectives on the facilitators and barriers of the VRW, shedding light on service setup and delivery. Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 VRW staff using the Nonadoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread, and Sustainability (NASSS) framework. The analysis of data was performed using framework analysis and the 7 domains of the NASSS framework. Results: The results were mapped onto the 7 domains of the NASSS framework. (1) Condition: Managing certain conditions, especially those involving comorbidities and sociocultural factors, can be challenging. (2) Technology: The VRW demonstrated suitability for technologically engaged patients without cognitive impairment, offering advantages in clinical decision-making through remote monitoring and video calls. However, interoperability issues and equipment malfunctions caused staff frustration, highlighting the importance of promptly addressing technical challenges. (3) Value proposition: The VRW empowered patients to choose their care location, extending access to care for rural communities and enabling home-based treatment for older adults. (4) Adopters and (5) organizations: Despite these benefits, the cultural shift from in-person to remote treatment introduced uncertainties in workflows, professional responsibilities, resource allocation, and intake processes. (6) Wider system and (7) embedding: As the service continues to develop to address gaps in hospital capacity, it is imperative to prioritize ongoing adaptation. This includes refining the process of smoothly transferring patients back to the hospital, addressing technical aspects, ensuring seamless continuity of care, and thoughtfully considering how the burden of care may shift to patients and their families. Conclusions: In this qualitative study exploring health care staff's experience of an innovative VRW, we identified several drivers and challenges to implementation and acceptability. The findings have implications for future services considering implementing VRWs for older adults in terms of service setup and delivery. Future work will focus on assessing patient and carer experiences of the VRW.

Investigation of Correlation between Communication Skills and Self-Reported Elder Mistreatment in Family Abuse.

Introduction In today's world, old age has become an important global phenomenon following the increase in life expectancy and the decrease in birth rates. Communication skills are an important requirement in old age. Changing role of the family and existing tensions, mental pressures, and modern life undermine the social position of the elderly and lead to abuse of the elderly by family members. The goal of the present study is to determine the relationship between communication skills and family self-reported domestic abuse among older adult in Iran. Materials and Methods For this cross-sectional-analytical study, 153 elderly adult people admitted in hospitals of the Guilan province were randomly selected. The research instruments were the following questionnaires: demographic characteristics, abbreviated mental test (AMT), the Persian version of Domestic Elder Abuse Questionnaire, family mistreatment of the elderly (Heravy), and Queendom Communication Skill Test-Revise (QCSTR). The data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 22) using descriptive (frequency distribution tables, mean, and standard deviation [SD]) and analytical statistics (Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman's correlation tests) considering the significance level of 0.05. Results A majority of the elderly were men (51%), were in the age group of 60 to 69 years (72.5%) and married (75.5%), did not hold high school diploma (88.8%), had four to five children (41.2%) with low income (75.9%), and suffered from chronic diseases (68.6%). The mean score of communication skills was 129.09 ± 12.60. The mean score of domestic elder abuse was 2.89 ± 3.97. Communication skills have a significant relationship with age and marital status, but not with sex, education level, income, and chronic disease. There is an inverse correlation between communication skills and domestic elder_abuse ( p < 0.001, r = -0.468). Conclusion Communication skills are one of the influential factors of domestic violence. Therefore, to prevent or reduce the amount of violence, it is recommended that family members increase the communication skills of the elderly.

[Characterization of older adult patients admitted to an acute unit of a high complexity hospital in Bogotá, Colombia]. / Caracterización de los pacientes adultos mayores ingresados a una unidad de agudos de un hospital de alta complejidad en Bogotá, Colombia.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The objective is to describe the demographic, clinical, functional characteristics and outcomes of older adult patients hospitalized in the acute unit of the San Ignacio University Hospital (HUSI). METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional observational study, based on the review of the medical records of patients hospitalized in the Geriatrics Unit of the HUSI during the period 2019-2021. VARIABLES: Demographics, comorbidities, baseline situation, main cause of entry and outcomes. The diagnosis of geriatric syndromes was made through the Barthel index, the Lawton and Brody scale, FRAIL scale, mini nutritional assessment short form and Confusion Assessment Method criteria. RESULTS: A total of 4601 patients were analyzed, whose average age was 83years (56.2% women). 72.4% had some degree of dependency for basic activities of daily living, 90.8% had some degree of dependency for instrumental activities of daily living, 32.2% had malnutrition, 15. 7% falls, 9.9% oropharyngeal dysphagia, 32.2% frailty, 28.1% delirium, 54.1% previous dementia. The main comorbidities presented were arterial hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes. 2.9% had some complication during their hospitalization, 10.8% died, and the hospital stay was 5days. CONCLUSION: Older adult patients admitted to the acute unit of the HUSI have a high frequency of dependency, dementia and nutritional disturbances.

A Deep Learning-Based Rotten Food Recognition App for Older Adults: Development and Usability Study.

BACKGROUND: Older adults are at greater risk of eating rotten fruits and of getting food poisoning because cognitive function declines as they age, making it difficult to distinguish rotten fruits. To address this problem, researchers have developed and evaluated various tools to detect rotten food items in various ways. Nevertheless, little is known about how to create an app to detect rotten food items to support older adults at a risk of health problems from eating rotten food items. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to (1) create a smartphone app that enables older adults to take a picture of food items with a camera and classifies the fruit as rotten or not rotten for older adults and (2) evaluate the usability of the app and the perceptions of older adults about the app. METHODS: We developed a smartphone app that supports older adults in determining whether the 3 fruits selected for this study (apple, banana, and orange) were fresh enough to eat. We used several residual deep networks to check whether the fruit photos collected were of fresh fruit. We recruited healthy older adults aged over 65 years (n=15, 57.7%, males and n=11, 42.3%, females) as participants. We evaluated the usability of the app and the participants' perceptions about the app through surveys and interviews. We analyzed the survey responses, including an after-scenario questionnaire, as evaluation indicators of the usability of the app and collected qualitative data from the interviewees for in-depth analysis of the survey responses. RESULTS: The participants were satisfied with using an app to determine whether a fruit is fresh by taking a picture of the fruit but are reluctant to use the paid version of the app. The survey results revealed that the participants tended to use the app efficiently to take pictures of fruits and determine their freshness. The qualitative data analysis on app usability and participants' perceptions about the app revealed that they found the app simple and easy to use, they had no difficulty taking pictures, and they found the app interface visually satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests the possibility of developing an app that supports older adults in identifying rotten food items effectively and efficiently. Future work to make the app distinguish the freshness of various food items other than the 3 fruits selected still remains.

Impact of Fruit and Vegetable Enzyme Supplementation on Aerobic Performance and Lactate Response in Older Adults Following High-Intensity Interval Exercise Through Exergaming: Randomized Experimental Matched-Pair Study.

Background: Exercise offers substantial health benefits but can induce oxidative stress and inflammation, especially in high-intensity formats such as high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE). Exergaming has become an effective, enjoyable fitness tool for all ages, particularly older adults. Enzyme supplements may enhance exercise performance by improving lactate metabolism and reducing oxidative stress. Objective: This study investigates the efficacy of fruit and vegetable enzyme supplementation in modulating fatigue and enhancing aerobic capacity in older adults following HIIE through exergaming. Methods: The study recruited 16 older adult female participants and allocated them into 2 distinct groups (enzyme and placebo) based on their pretest lactate levels. This division used pairwise grouping to guarantee comparability between the groups, ensuring the integrity of the results. They engaged in HIIE using Nintendo Switch Ring Fit Adventure, performing 8 sets of 20 seconds of maximum effort exercise interspersed with 30 seconds of rest, totaling 370 seconds of exercise. Key metrics assessed included blood lactate levels, heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and training impulse. Participants in the enzyme group were administered a fruit and vegetable enzyme supplement at a dosage of 30 mL twice daily over a period of 14 days. Results: The enzyme group showed significantly lower blood lactate levels compared to the placebo group, notably after the fourth (mean 4.29, SD 0.67 vs mean 6.34, SD 1.17 mmol/L; P=.001) and eighth (mean 5.84, SD 0.63 vs mean 8.20, SD 1.15 mmol/L; P<.001) exercise sessions. This trend continued at 5 minutes (mean 6.85, SD 0.82 vs mean 8.60, SD 1.13 mmol/L; P=.003) and 10 minutes (mean 5.91, SD 1.16 vs mean 8.21, SD 1.27 mmol/L; P=.002) after exercise. Although both groups exceeded 85% of their estimated maximum heart rate during the exercise, enzyme supplementation did not markedly affect the perceived intensity or effort. Conclusions: The study indicates that fruit and vegetable enzyme supplementation can significantly reduce blood lactate levels in older adults following HIIE through exergaming. This suggests a potential role for these enzymes in modulating lactate production or clearance during and after high-intensity exercise. These findings have implications for developing targeted interventions to enhance exercise tolerance and recovery in older adults.

Poland Syndrome and Multimorbidity in a 79-Year-Old Male.

This case study highlights a 79-year-old man with chronic low back pain attributed to severe lumbar scoliosis. Physical examination revealed the unilateral absence of pectoral muscles and ipsilateral hand anomalies, indicative of Poland syndrome (PS). The patient also experienced depression due to chronic pain and PS-related anomalies. A multi-disciplinary approach proved effective in alleviating both pain and depression.

A Case Report of an Elderly Patient With Cushing's Disease and Multiple Chronic Conditions.

Cushing's disease (CD) is a rare and serious condition characterized by a persistent increase in cortisol levels, resulting in various complications across multiple bodily systems. Elderly individuals often face a multitude of chronic illnesses and geriatric syndromes, which can complicate the diagnosis and treatment of CD in this demographic. This case study details the presentation of an elderly patient with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent CD, who initially presented with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The article delves into the unique onset characteristics and treatment strategies for CD in the elderly, providing valuable insights for the comprehensive management of similar clinical cases.

A study on the falls factors among the older adult with cognitive impairment based on large-sample data.

Introduction: This study explored the correlative factors of falls among the older adult with cognitive impairment, to provide distinct evidence for preventing falls in the older adult with cognitive impairment compared with the general older adult population. Methods: This study was based on a cross-sectional survey, with an older adult population of 124,124 was included. The data was sourced from the Elderly Care Unified Needs Assessment for Long-Term Care Insurance in Shanghai. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted sequentially on the correlative factors of falls. Multivariable logistic regression was performed on variables that were significant, stratified by cognitive function levels. Results: The incidence of fall in the past 90 days was 17.67% in this study. Specific variables such as gender (male), advanced age (≥80), residence with a elevator (or lift), mild or moderate disability, quality of sleep (acceptable/poor) were negatively correlated with falls, while higher education level, living alone, residence with indoor steps, unclean and untidy living environment, MCI or dementia, chronic diseases, restricted joints, impaired vision, and the use of diaper were positively correlative factors of falls. Comparing with older adult with normal cognitive functions, older adult with dementia faced a higher risk of falling due to accessibility barrier in the residence. For general older adults, less frequency of going outside and poor social interactions were positively correlated with falls, while for older adult with cognitive impairments, going outside moderately (sometimes) was found positively correlated with falls. Older adults with cognitive impairments have increased fall risks associated with chronic diseases, restricted joints, and the use of diaper. The risk of falling escalated with the greater number of chronic diseases. Discussion: For older adult with cognitive impairments, it is advisable to live with others. Additionally, creating an accessible living environment and maintaining the cleanness and tidiness can effectively reduce the risk of falls, particularly for those with MCI or dementia. Optimal outdoor activity plans should be developed separately based on the cognitive function of older adults. Older adult with dementia who have comorbidities should be paid special attention in fall prevention compared to the general older adult population.

Care model selection for older adult stroke survivors with disabilities: insights from the eighth wave of CLHLS data and influencing factors.

Background: Analyzing the differences in caregiving models for disabled older adult individuals after stroke and the influencing factors, to provide a basis for addressing relevant social demographic issues. Methods: The older adult diagnosed with stroke were screened from the Chinese Geriatric Health Survey (CLHLS), and were further divided into subgroups of disability, which was based on their ability of or whether they need help in performing activities such as dressing, bathing, eating, toileting or bowel and bladder control using the international common Katz scale. The care model was divided into formal care, informal care and home care. Multivariate logistic regression was used to screen the influencing factors of the choice of care model for the disabled older adult after stroke. Results: The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistical differences in the choice of care mode among different ages, household registration types, number of children, years of education, degree of disability, community services, retirement pension, marital status and medical insurance. Multiple logistic regression showed that, The rural older adult with more children, shorter education years, living with spouse and no help from community tend to choose informal care. Older adult people with higher levels of education, urban household registration, and access to community services are more likely to choose formal care. Older adult women with multiple children are more likely to receive care from their children. Conclusion: In the future, vigorous support for the development of formal caregiving institutions and the improvement of the management system of formal caregiving will help enhance the subjective initiative of disabled older adult individuals in choosing caregiving models and alleviate the burden of family caregiving.

Medical weight loss in older persons with obesity.

The prevalence of individuals with obesity or overweight has steadily increased over the past decades both worldwide, and in the United States. This trend is also evident in the older adult population, which has experienced a continuous rise in the number of individuals with overweight or obesity. This is relevant due to the impact of obesity in older adults' quality of life, physical function, morbidity, and healthcare costs. This review aims to provide practical guidance and currently available approaches for healthcare professionals in managing this population. Both non-pharmacological methods such as intensive behavioural therapy, nutritional interventions, and physical activity, as well as anti-obesity medications, are discussed, with a focus on their potential positive and negative effects in older adults. Additionally, bariatric therapy is evaluated, including current procedures available and the associated results and risks in the older population.

Development of the Self-Assessment Self-Disclosure Questionnaire to Examine the Association between Self-Disclosure and Frailty among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan.

Self-disclosure is the attitude of communicating one's experiences and condition to others and is an indicator of mental health and an open personality. Frailty, characterized by reduced physical and psychological resistance, predicts the incidence of dependency and mortality. Although low self-disclosure may be associated with frailty, there is no scale to measure older adults' self-disclosure. This cross-sectional study assessed the validity of a self-assessment self-disclosure questionnaire and examined the association between the content of self-disclosures to friends and acquaintances and frailty among community-dwelling older adults. A total of 237 adults aged ≥65 in Japan were surveyed using a mailed self-administered questionnaire in 2021. The self-disclosure scale consisted of 10 items and showed adequate validity. Participants were classified into a robust group (n = 117, women 57.3%) and a frailty group (n = 120, women 73.3%) using the Kihon Checklist. After adjusting for covariates, multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models revealed frailty was associated with lower self-disclosure of recent positive events, motivation and strengths (indicating strong points) in life, relationships with family and relatives, experiences of work and social activities, and financial status. The proposed questionnaire must still be further tested in other populations, but our initial results may contribute to preventing frailty and improving mental health among community-dwelling older adults.

Safety and feasibility of liver resection including major hepatectomy for geriatric patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective observational study.

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether hepatectomy, which ranges in invasiveness from partial to major hepatectomy, is safe and feasible for older adult patients. Therefore, we compared its postoperative complications and long-term outcomes between younger and older adult patients. METHODS: Patients who underwent hepatectomies for hepatocellular carcinoma (N = 883) were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups: aged < 75 years (N = 593) and ≥ 75 years (N = 290). Short-term outcomes and prognoses were compared between the groups in the entire cohort. The same analyses were performed for the major hepatectomy cohort. RESULTS: In the entire cohort, no significant differences were found in complications between patients aged < 75 and ≥ 75 years, and the multivariate analysis did not reveal age as a prognostic factor for postoperative complications. However, overall survival was significantly worse in older patients, although no significant differences were noted in time to recurrence or cancer-specific survival. In the multivariate analyses of time to recurrence, overall survival, and cancer-specific survival, although older age was an independent poor prognostic factor for overall survival, it was not a prognostic factor for time to recurrence and cancer-specific survival. In the major hepatectomy subgroup, short- and long-term outcomes, including time to recurrence, overall survival, and cancer-specific survival, did not differ significantly between the age groups. In the multivariate analysis, age was not a significant prognostic factor for complications, time to recurrence, overall survival, or cancer-specific survival. CONCLUSION: Hepatectomy, including minor and major hepatectomy, may be safe and oncologically feasible options for selected older adult patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Care dependency in older stroke patients with comorbidities: a latent profile analysis.

Objectives: To explore latent profiles of care dependency in older stroke patients with comorbidities and to analyze the factors influencing different latent profiles. Methods: A total of 312 older ischemic stroke patients with comorbidities were included in the analysis. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to classify the participants into potential subgroups with different types of care dependency. The influencing factors of the classification of care dependency subgroups were determined using multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results: The care dependency score of older ischemic stroke patients with comorbidities was (51.35 ± 13.19), and the patients could be classified into 3 profiles, namely Universal dependency (24.0%), Moderate activity-social-learning dependency (28.0%), and Mild activity-social-learning dependency (48.0%); caregiver, BI at admission, and functional impairments were independent factors influencing care dependency (P < 0.05). Conclusion: There are three latent profiles of care dependency in older ischemic stroke patients with comorbidities. According to the characteristics of various populations, medical staff are able to implement specific interventions to lower the level of dependency and further improve the quality of life of patients.

Brentuximab vedotin therapy followed by autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation as a viable treatment option for an older adult with transformed lymphoma: a case report and literature review.

This report presents a case involving a woman aged >65 years who had been diagnosed with marginal zone lymphoma 3 years prior. The patient was hospitalized with enlarged inguinal lymph nodes, and pathological examination revealed that the lymphoma had transformed into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. After two cycles of brentuximab vedotin in combination with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (BV-R-CHP) chemotherapy, the patient achieved complete remission. This treatment was followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and lenalidomide maintenance therapy. At the last follow-up, the patient had been in continuous remission for 24 months. This case study suggests that the utilization of BV and R-CHP in conjunction can result in rapid remission, and it can be followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and maintenance therapy with lenalidomide. This treatment approach exhibits potential as a viable option for older individuals with transformed lymphoma.

Exploring the perspectives of older adults who are pre-frail and frail to identify interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour and improve mobility: a thematic content analysis.

Older adults who are frail are one of the most sedentary and the least physically active age groups. Prolonged sedentary time is associated with increased risk of negative health outcomes. To help design effective and sustainable content and optimize the uptake of sedentary behaviour interventions, an in-depth understanding of older adults' perceptions of sedentary behaviour is needed; however, most qualitative studies have been conducted in healthy older adults. The aim of this study was to explore perspectives of sedentary behaviour within the context of older adults who are pre-frail and frail after the winter and spring. We included participants if they: (1) spoke English or attended with a translator or caregiver, (2) were ≥ 60 years, and (3) were frail on the Morley Frail Scale. We utilized a qualitative description methodology including a semi-structured in-depth interview and thematic content analysis. Concepts from the COM-B (Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behaviour) model were used to guide the semi-structured interviews and analysis. To ensure credibility of the data, we used an audit trail and analyst triangulation. We recruited 21 older adults (72 ± 7.3 years, 13 females, 13 frail) from southwestern Ontario, Canada. Two individuals were lost to follow-up due to medical mistrust and worse health. We transcribed 39 audio recordings. We identified three salient themes: (1) older adults rationalize their sedentary behaviours through cognitive dissonance (reflective motivation), (2) urban cities in southwestern Ontario may not be "age-friendly" (physical opportunity), and (3) exercise is something people "have to do", but hobbies are for enjoyment despite medical conditions (psychological capability). Perspectives of sedentary behaviour were different in the winter versus spring, with participants perceiving themselves to be less active in winter. Incorporating dissonance-based interventions as part of an educational program could be used to target the reflective motivation and psychological capability components. Future research should consider interdisciplinary collaborations with environmental gerontology to develop age-friendly communities that promote meaningful mobility to target physical opportunity.

Demographic Profile, Health, and Associated Factors of Family Caregivers and Functionality of Hospitalized Older Adults: Cross-Sectional, Exploratory, and Descriptive Study.

BACKGROUND: The longevity of the world population can contribute to an increase in hospitalizations and, consequently, to the emergence of functional limitations, resulting in the need for family caregivers. Hospitalized older adults may become dependent and require more care, increasing the burden on family caregivers. Thus, the nursing team in the hospital environment faces a new situation: an increase in the number of older adults occupying hospital beds and the presence of their family caregivers. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to analyze the association between the demographic variables of interest and the self-rated health of family caregivers and to describe the functionality of older adults hospitalized in a university hospital in the Amazonian context. METHODS: This cross-sectional, quantitative, exploratory, and descriptive study was carried out through individual interviews with 98 interviewees, divided into 49 family caregivers and 49 older adults hospitalized in the surgical clinic sector of a university hospital in Brazil between February and March 2023. Demographic data and health conditions were collected from family caregivers, and to describe the functionality of hospitalized older adults, the Barthel Index was applied. Descriptive (frequency and percentage) and inferential analyses were used, and the student t test was applied. The significance level of 5% was adopted. RESULTS: Among the 49 family caregivers, the majority were women (n=40, 81.6%) with an average age of 46.9 (SD 13.3) years. Most were single (n=28, 57.1%) and had completed an average level of education (n=26, 53.1%). Additionally, 25 (51%) caregivers were caring for their parents. Regarding health conditions, respondents self-assessed their health as good (25/49, 51%; P=.01), and they considered that their health status was not affected by the provision of care (36/49, 73.5%; P=.01). There was a significant association between demographic variables (ie, gender, age, and education) and self-assessment of family caregivers (P=.01, P=.01, and P=.04, respectively). Of the 49 older adults hospitalized, the majority (n=31, 63.2%) were men, with a mean age of 69.2 (SD 7.12) years. Regarding the assessment of functionality, most older adults were classified as having mild dependence on care (n=23, 46.9%), specifically in the age group between 60 and 69 years (21/49, 67.8%). CONCLUSIONS: The data revealed that female gender, age, and education of family caregivers contributed favorably to the provision of care to hospitalized older adults with a lower degree of functional dependence. It is important to emphasize that during the older adult's hospitalization, the family caregiver should not be seen as a delegation of responsibilities or as a complement of human resources to assist in their recovery. Health professionals need to implement assertive interventions so that the family caregiver functions as a therapeutic resource.

Effects of Peer- or Professional-Led Support in Enhancing Adherence to Wearable Monitoring Devices Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Despite the well-documented health benefits associated with wearable monitoring devices (WMDs), adherence among community-dwelling older adults remains low. By providing guidance on the purpose and benefits of using WMDs, facilitating goal-setting aligned with the device's features, promoting comprehension of the health data captured by the device, and assisting in overcoming technological challenges, peers and health care professionals can potentially enhance older adults' adherence to WMDs. However, the effectiveness of such support mechanisms in promoting adherence to WMDs among older adults remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this systematic review were to examine the effects of peer- or professional-led intervention programs designed to improve adherence to WMDs among community-dwelling older adults and to identify the intervention components that may positively influence the effects of the intervention. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search across 7 electronic databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials [CENTRAL], PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, British Nursing Index, Web of Science, and CINAHL) to identify articles published between January 1, 2010, and June 26, 2023. We specifically targeted randomized controlled trials that examined the impact of peer- or professional-led interventions on enhancing adherence to WMDs among individuals aged 60 years and older residing in the community. Two independent reviewers extracted data from the included studies and assessed the potential risk of bias in accordance with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized trials, version 2. RESULTS: A total of 10,511 studies were identified through the database search. Eventually, we included 3 randomized controlled trials involving 154 community-dwelling older adults. The participants had a mean age of 65 years. Our review revealed that increasing awareness of being monitored and implementing the SystemCHANGE approach, a habit change tool focusing on personal goals and feedback, were effective strategies for enhancing adherence to WMDs among older adults. All of the included studies exhibited a low risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS: By collaboratively designing specific goals related to WMDs with health care professionals, including nurses and physicians, older adults exhibited a higher likelihood of adhering to the prescribed use of WMDs. These goal-setting tools provided a framework for structure and motivation, facilitating the seamless integration of WMDs into their daily routines. Researchers should prioritize interventions that target awareness and goal-setting as effective approaches to enhance adherence to WMDs among older adults, thereby maximizing the realization of associated health benefits.