Association of severity of malocclusion with socioeconomic status in the South Indian population.

Malocclusion has been linked to various factors out of which certain dietary patterns and unhealthy habits are the most overlooked. The dietary patterns and unhealthy habits vary according to socioeconomic status. The present research was aimed to perform an association of malocclusion severity with socioeconomic status. This study was done in a retrospective manner and was conducted at Saveetha Dental College. A total of 241 clinical case records of the participants with malocclusion reporting for orthodontic therapy were selected and enrolled for the study. Data on the socioeconomic status and the severity of malocclusion as assessed with the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Needs (IOTNs) index were noted. All these records were collected and entered into Excel and then analyzed through statistics. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric Chi-square tests were performed. From the analysis, the proportion of IOTN Grade 1 malocclusion (30%) was found to be the highest. The highest number of patients with Grade 1 malocclusion belonged to the lower socioeconomic class. Socioeconomic status and the severity of malocclusion were significantly associated with each other. Malocclusion prevalence and severity were more among participants belonging to lower socioeconomic groups.

Comparative Study of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQL) between Different Types of Orthodontic Treatment.

Background and objectives: Although the main objective of any orthodontic treatment is to correct malocclusion, a range of psychosocial and/or esthetic factors drive patients to undergo orthodontic treatment. The aim of the present study was to analyze variations in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQL) levels in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment by means of four types of appliances: fixed buccal metal brackets, fixed buccal esthetic/ceramic brackets, fixed lingual brackets, and clear aligners. Material and Methods: The study sample comprised 120 patients aged 18 to 68 years who attended the Orthodontic department at the Dental Clinic of the University of Valencia. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) was used to measure orthodontic treatment need. Each patient completed three different intervals of the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14): before treatment (T0); six months after placing the orthodontic appliances (T1) and at the end of orthodontic treatment (T2). Results: All groups suffered a reduction in quality of life from T0 to T1 except the metal bracket group which presented the same level for the functional limitation domain (p = 1.000), the lingual bracket group for the psychological discomfort domain (p = 1.000) and clear aligner group for the physical disability domain (p = 0.118) and psychological disability domain (p = 1.000). Nevertheless, quality of life for most domains was similar in all groups at the end of treatment (T2). Conclusions: Patients underwent a significant reduction in quality of life during treatment in comparison with their pre-treatment condition but showed significant improvements at the end of treatment.

Evaluation of the Association of Oral Stereognosis with Malocclusion in Children.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between oral stereognosis with malocclusion in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Stereognostic investigation was made with a set of seven different geometric configurations (circle, square, triangle, star, clover, diamond, and heart shapes) cut out from fresh, raw carrots using preformed iron molds. Any five of the seven geometric forms were randomly placed inside the mouth on the dorsum of the tongue by the investigator with the subject's eyes closed. A minimum of three shapes correctly identified out of the five offered to each child was considered as an indicator of the adequate stereognostic ability of that particular child. RESULTS: Among the children under Index of Orthodontic Treatment Needs (IOTN) grade I group, 82.4% of children came under the positive response group. Among IOTN grades II, III, and IV, the percentages of children with positive responses were 72.1%, 58.1%, and 18.8%, respectively. There is a statistically significant (p < 0.001) decrease in positive response with increasing IOTN grades. CONCLUSION: The observations from the present study show that there is altered oral sensory perception in children graded as with malocclusion according to the index used and belonging to the age group selected in the study. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Sensory and motor components of the orofacial region, like any other part of the human body, are inseparable in their structure and function, the association between orofacial growth and development and sensory maturation cannot be overlooked. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Janardhanan R, Soman A, George S, et al. Evaluation of the Association of Oral Stereognosis with Malocclusion in Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(S-1):S18-S21.

Orthodontic Treatment Need and Complexity among 13-15 Year-Old Schoolchildren in Kerman, Iran.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: Effective and informed planning for orthodontic services in any population requires assessment of the orthodontic treatment need and complexity. PURPOSE: The present cross-sectional study was conducted to assess these parameters using index of complexity, outcome, and need (ICON) in an Iranian schoolchildren population. MATERIALS AND METHOD: In total, 600 randomly selected individuals (300 girls, 300 boys; aged 13-15 years) participated in this study. The treatment need (ICON score>43) and the grades of complexity were compared between two genders and in different age groups. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were applied for data analysis considering p< 0.05. RESULTS: Out of 45% of the population found in need for orthodontic treatment, there was no significant difference between the two genders, but the 15-year-old individuals needed treatment significantly more than the individuals with 13 and 14 years of age. The mean ICON score was 44.3±20.28, which showed no significant difference between the two genders. The majority of the cases (34%) were categorized in the easy compartment in terms of complexity and 18% had difficult or very difficult grades of complexity. The genders and age groups exhibited no significant difference in terms of the complexity grade. CONCLUSION: Although half of the studied cases needed treatment, nearly one-fifth had difficult or very difficult complexity grade, which indicates the need for specialist care.

Effect of orthodontic treatment needs on oral health related quality of life among the young population in Delhi NCR-region of North India.

AIM: To assess the effect of orthodontic treatment needs on oral health-related quality of life among the young people of Delhi NCR. METHODS: The study was conducted on 12-15 years of individuals attending dental clinic/hospital in Delhi NCR region. Data were collected using Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need -Dental Component and oral health impact profile 14 questionnaire. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the qualitative data. SPSS software version 20 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Orthodontic treatment needs had an almost similar impact on the daily activities of both males and females. The sense of taste was not significantly affected by the need for orthodontic treatment in either males or females. The proportions of orthodontic patients found to have the painful arch, embarrassment, tension, and self-conscious both in males and females. CONCLUSION: There is a significant correlation of orthodontic treatment needs among oral health-related quality of life.

Impact of malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life in young adults.

OBJECTIVE: To assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in young adult patients with malocclusion and to measure the association between orthodontic treatment need and OHRQoL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample comprised 190 young adults aged 18 to 25 years who were attending orthodontic clinics at the Faculty of Dentistry. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need-Dental Health Component was used to measure orthodontic treatment need. Each participant was assessed for OHRQoL before and after treatment by using the Oral Health Impact Profile, Chinese version (OHIP-14). RESULTS: Patients who had little or no, borderline, and actual need for orthodontic treatment represented 21.6%, 50.5%, and 27.9% of the total sample, respectively. OHRQoL (total OHIP-14 score and score for each domain) improved after treatment (P < .05). Significant differences in summary OHIP-14 scores were apparent with respect to orthodontic treatment need. Participants with high treatment need reported a significantly greater negative impact on the overall OHRQoL score. The greatest impact was seen in the psychological discomfort domain and the psychological disability domain. CONCLUSION: Malocclusion has a significant negative impact on OHRQoL. This is greatest for the psychological discomfort and psychological disability domains. The orthodontic treatment of malocclusion improves OHRQoL of patients.

Necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico. Politécnico Antonio Guiteras. Plaza. 2012 / Orthodontic treatment necessity. Polytechnic Antonio Guiteras. Plaza. 2012

Introducción: las maloclusiones provocan trastornos físicos, funcionales y psicosociales, especialmente en niños y adolescentes. Objetivo: describir la severidad y necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico en escolares del politécnico Antonio Guiteras. Municipio Plaza. Material y Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal, en escolares de 15 a 17 años, mediante la utilización del Índice de Estética Dental (DAI), en el 2012. Resultados: predominaron los jóvenes que obtuvieron valores del índice menor o igual que 25 y la frecuencia de casos en cada categoría disminuyó en la medida en que el valor del índice se incrementó. Conclusiones: el apiñamiento en los segmentos incisales ocupó el primer lugar, seguido por la irregularidad anterior de la mandíbula, la relación molar anteroposterior y la irregularidad anterior del maxilar respectivamente(AU)

Introduction: Malocclusions bring on physical, functional and psychosocial disorders, mainly to children and adolescence. Objective: to describe prevalence, severity and need of orthodontic treatment in scholars relating to polytechnic Antonio Guiteras in Plaza Municipality. Material and Methods: it was carried out an observational, descriptive cross-section study, in scholars from 15 to 17 years using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), in the year 2012. Results: young with index less than or equal to 25 prevailed and the frequency reduce in each categories at the same time that index increase. Conclusions: the crowding in the incisal segments occupied the first place, keeping on anterior irregularity of the mandible, molar relationship and the anterior irregularity of the maxilla respectively(AU)

A study of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs according to dental aesthetic index among school children of a hilly state of India.

BACKGROUND: The documentation of magnitude of malocclusion in terms of prevalence and severity has not been done till date in Himachal Pradesh, India. AIMS: To assess the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs (OTNs) among 9-and 12-year-old school children by using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) in the state. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1188 children from randomly selected schools. The survey was done according to the Oral Health Assessment Form (modified). DAI was used to assess the severity of malocclusion, along with collection of demographic data. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of malocclusion was 12.5% and required orthodontic treatment, whereas 87.5% did not require treatment. A severe malocclusion for which treatment was highly desirable was recorded in 3.1%; 8% had a definite malocclusion for which treatment was elective. Only about 1.3% had a handicapping malocclusion that needed mandatory treatment. Almost equal proportions of males and females were affected with malocclusion with the means 20 ± 4.6 and 19.9 ± 4.9, respectively (P < 0.641). The prevalence and severity of malocclusion was more in 12-year age group than in 9-year age group (P = 0.002**). There was an increase in the proportion of malocclusion among older children: In 12-year age group, 15.7% with mean 20.5 ± 5.1 and in 9-year-old children, 8.9% with the mean 19.3 ± 4.1 were in the need of orthodontic treatment. CONCLUSION: Severity and treatment needs, both are important factors in public health planning.