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1.
Radiologia (Engl Ed) ; 63(2): 115-126, 2021.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33309398

ABSTRACT

COVID-19 is a disease with many clinical, biochemical, and radiological signs that has a predilection for the lungs, probably because of the high number of ACE-2 receptors in this organ. The infection of cells activates proinflammatory substances, causing diffuse alveolar damage, which is the histopathological basis of ARDS. The exudative phase would manifest as ground-glass opacities and consolidation, and the proliferative phase would manifest as a tendency toward a more linear morphology. Both CT and PET/CT findings support the inflammatory character of the lung lesions in the initial phase of the disease and in patients with mild-moderate disease. Severe cases have pulmonary hypoperfusion that is likely due to abnormal alveolar ventilation and perfusion. On the other hand, a prothrombotic state increases the risk of thromboembolic disease through the activation of coagulation and platelet pathways with the production of fibrin degradation products (D-dimer) and consumption of platelets.


Subject(s)
COVID-19/diagnostic imaging , Aged , COVID-19/complications , COVID-19/virology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
2.
Rev. Fed. Argent. Soc. Otorrinolaringol ; 24(3): 6-11, 2017. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-908150

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la voz humana en sus variadas manifestaciones, como el habla, el canto y otras producciones sonoras, es una forma de canalizar y expresar nuestras emociones, ideas, pensamientos y de vincularnos con los demás. El paciente laringectomizado total se ve privado de su voz natural. En su proceso de rehabilitación deberá aprender habilidades de comunicación funcional que le permitan desarrollar una buena calidad de vida. Material y método: 4 talleres con frecuencia trimestral, en el transcurso de un año. Participaron 21 pacientes laringectomizados, con edad promedio de 62 años. Actividades propuestas: Ejercicios de relajación activa y alineación postural, automasajes cervicofaciales y ejercitación de respiración costo-diafragmática. Percusión corporal e instrumental con variaciones rítmicas asociadas al movimiento. Ejercicios de asociación de cualidades sonoras vinculadas a la producción oral y cantada. En cada taller se administró un cuestionario escrito. Resultados: Mediante la ejercitación respiratoria se logró un mejor dominio del soplo aéreo pulmonar evitando sonidos silbantes durante la espiración. Las actividades rítmicas favorecieron el reconocimiento, la reproducción y la sincronización de movimientos corporales. Las actividades de percusión asociadas a la emisión de la palabra permitieron que el patrón rítmico acompañe a la producción de las mismas. El 100% de los pacientes manifestaron disfrute por la actividad propuesta. Entre los beneficios obtenidos mencionaron: mejoramiento del humor, sensación de bienestar corporal, mejoras en la comunicación. Conclusiones: La implementación de técnicas de relajación, alineación postural y respiración junto a actividades asociadas al ritmo y al movimiento contribuyen notoriamente a la calidad de vida de estos pacientes.


Introduction: the human voice in its varied manifestations, such as speech, singing and other sound productions are a way of channeling and expressing our emotions, ideas, thoughts and to bond with others. The total laryngectomized patient is deprived of his natural voice. In your rehabilitation process you must learn functional communication skills that allow you to develop a good quality of life. Material and method: 4 workshops with quarterly frequency, in the course of one year. 21 laryngectomized patients participated, with a mean age of 62 years. Proposed activities: Exercises of active relaxation and postural alignment, cervicofacial self-masagges and cost-diaphragmatic breathing exercises. Body and instrumental percussion with rhythmic variations associated with movement. Association exercises of sound qualities linked to the production of syllables, words, phrases, rhymes and popular songs. In each workshop, a written questionnaire was administered to respond anonymously. Results: By means of the respiratory exercises, a better control of the aerial lung breath was obtained avoiding hissing sounds during the expiration. The rhythmic activities favored the recognition, reproduction and synchronization of body movements. The percussion activities associated with the emission of the word allowed the rhythmic pattern to accompany the production of the same. 100% of patients expressed their enjoyment of the proposed activity. Among the benefits obtained mentioned: improvement of the mood, sensation of corporal well-being, improvements in the communication. Conclusions: the implementation of relaxation techniques, postural alignment and breathing along with activities associated with rhythm and movement contribute to the quality of life of these patients.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Laryngectomy/rehabilitation , Rehabilitation of Speech and Language Disorders/methods , Music Therapy , Percussion , Quality of Life , Relaxation Therapy , Speech, Alaryngeal , Speech, Esophageal , Voice Training
3.
Rev Electron ; 35(3)jul.-sept. 2010.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-44240

ABSTRACT

Para el tratamiento de los pacientes con trauma craneoencefálico grave es requisito indispensable realizar el neuromonitoreo intensivo, cuyo objetivo es garantizar una adecuada presión de perfusión cerebral y evitar medidas excesivas que, lejos de mejorar, perjudican la evolución de los pacientes. Se realizó la presentación de este caso que sufrió un Trauma Craneoencefálico (TCE) grave, con lesión de tallo y hemorragia intraventricular, al cual se le realizó neuromonitoreo que incluyó, monitoreo de la Presión Intracraneal (PIC) y metabolismo del golfo de la yugular, por un periodo de cuatro días; lo que permitió la evolución favorable del paciente y alta a los 15 días de recibir el trauma, también permitió avalar las ventajas de este proceder en dichos pacientes (AU)


For the treatment of the patients with severe craneoencefalic trauma, it is indispensable to make an intensive neuromonitoring care that has as objective to maintain an adequate brain perfussion pressure and to avoid excessive measures that in stead of helping improve, affect patients health course. The case presented in this report was suffering from a severe craneoencefalic trauma with talus lesion and intraventricular hemorrage; it was decided to make intracranial pressure monitoring and jugular gulf metabolism for 4 days for a favourable course of the condition. The patient was discharged at 15 days after receiving the trauma; this report supports the advantages of this procedure in these kind of patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/therapy , Craniocerebral Trauma , Critical Care , Monitoring, Physiologic
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