Medical and forensic aspects of performing a remote interrogation of persons with disabilities / Aspectos médicos y forenses de la realización de un interrogatorio a distancia a personas con discapacidad / Aspectos médicos e forenses da realização de um interrogatório remoto de pessoas com deficiências

The purpose of the study is to develop new proposals for improving criminal procedural legislation in the field of conducting remote investigative actions with disabled persons, taking into account their physiological and functional characteristics. Research material and methods: This study is based on an analysis of the norms regarding the criminal procedural legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan and a number of foreign states that regulate the procedure for conducting remote investigative actions - as well as scientific publications on the research topic in the field of psychology and medicine. An integrated approach involves considering the studied phenomena of communication during an investigative action as a set of interconnected and interdependent elements, i.e., consideration of the issue from the medical, psychological and legal points of view. Situational and systemic types of analysis, complex sociological analysis, diagnostics and forecasting investigative situation were also used. Methods of analysis and synthesis, induction, deduction, methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis were employed to clarify the legal essence of the studied phenomenon. Findings: practical recommendations aimed at improving and developing the performance of remote investigative actions involving persons with disabilities (further ­ FWDs) y creating optimal conditions for the transfer of verbal, medical, and psychological information, as well as technical and forensic support for conducting RIAs. The following conclusions were made: in order to improve the current legislation, it is advisable to consider the issue of developing and including a special norm in the legislation, taking into account the characteristics of the communicative competencies of persons with disabilities. This norm regulates the procedure for conducting investigative actions involving the mute, deaf, blind and other persons with disabilities.

El objetivo del estudio es elaborar nuevas propuestas de mejora de la legislación procesal penal en el ámbito de la realización de actuaciones de investigación a distancia con personas con discapacidad, teniendo en cuenta sus características fisiológicas y funcionales. Material y métodos de investigación: Este estudio se basa en un análisis de las normas relativas a la legislación procesal penal de la República de Kazajstán y de una serie de Estados extranjeros que regulan el procedimiento para llevar a cabo acciones de investigación a distancia -, así como publicaciones científicas sobre el tema de investigación en el campo de la psicología y la medicina. Un enfoque integrado implica considerar los fenómenos estudiados de comunicación durante una acción de investigación como un conjunto de elementos interconectados e interdependientes, es decir, considerar la cuestión desde los puntos de vista médico, psicológico y jurídico. También se utilizaron los tipos de análisis situacional y sistémico, el análisis sociológico complejo, el diagnóstico y la previsión de la situación de investigación. Se emplearon métodos de análisis y síntesis, inducción, deducción, métodos de análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo para aclarar la esencia jurídica del fenómeno estudiado. Conclusiones: recomendaciones prácticas destinadas a mejorar y desarrollar la realización de acciones de investigación a distancia en las que participen personas con discapacidad (en adelante - RIA) y crear condiciones óptimas para la transferencia de información verbal, médica y psicológica, así como apoyo técnico y forense para la realización de las RIA. Se llegó a las siguientes conclusiones:con el fin de mejorar la legislación actual, es aconsejable considerar la cuestión de desarrollar e incluir una norma especial en la legislación, teniendo en cuenta las características de las competencias comunicativas de las personas con discapacidad. Esta norma regula el procedimiento para llevar a cabo acciones de investigación en las que estén implicadas personas mudas, sordas, ciegas y otras personas con discapacidad.

O objetivo do estudo é desenvolver novas propostas para aprimorar a legislação processual penal no campo da realização de ações investigativas remotas com pessoas com deficiência, levando em conta suas características fisiológicas e funcionais. Material e métodos de pesquisa: Este estudo baseia-se em uma análise das normas relativas à legislação processual penal da República do Cazaquistão e de vários países estrangeiros que regulamentam o procedimento para a realização de ações investigativas remotas, bem como em publicações científicas sobre o tópico de pesquisa no campo da psicologia e da medicina. Uma abordagem integrada envolve a consideração dos fenômenos estudados de comunicação durante uma ação investigativa como um conjunto de elementos interconectados e interdependentes, ou seja, a consideração da questão dos pontos de vista médico, psicológico e jurídico. Também foram usados tipos de análise situacional e sistêmica, análise sociológica complexa, diagnóstico e previsão da situação investigativa. Métodos de análise e síntese, indução, dedução, métodos de análise qualitativa e quantitativa foram empregados para esclarecer a essência legal do fenômeno estudado. Resultados: recomendações práticas com o objetivo de aprimorar e desenvolver o desempenho de ações investigativas remotas envolvendo pessoas com deficiência (mais adiante - FWDs), criando condições ideais para a transferência de informações verbais, médicas e psicológicas, bem como suporte técnico e forense para a realização de RIAs. Foram feitas as seguintes conclusões: para aprimorar a legislação atual, é aconselhável considerar a questão do desenvolvimento e da inclusão de uma norma especial na legislação, levando em conta as características das competências comunicativas das pessoas com deficiência. Essa norma regulamenta o procedimento para conduzir ações investigativas envolvendo pessoas mudas, surdas, cegas e outras pessoas com deficiência.

Assessment of the feasibility of a community-based mental health training programme for persons with disabilities by non-specialists from different stakeholders' perspectives in Bangladesh.

INTRODUCTION: Bangladesh is a developing country where 11% of the population has at least one disability, but no community-level mental health service is available. There is limited evidence of the burden of mental health issues and health-seeking behaviour among this population. This study assessed the feasibility of a training intervention for persons with disabilities, where peer support providers provided community-based disability-inclusive mental health services. METHODS: Four stakeholder groups participated in this qualitative study: peer responders (trained persons with disabilities), trainers, representatives of organisations of persons with disabilities and disability-specific organisations, and officials of international and national non-governmental organisations. Two types of qualitative interviews were used to collect data, and thematic analysis techniques were utilised. RESULT: Stakeholders perceived the peer responder training programme as acceptable for persons with disabilities to develop themselves as peer support providers, with potential benefits including increased mental health literacy, ensuring accessible mental health services, and improving the well-being of persons with disabilities. Potential challenges included receiving training and delivering services. Increased training duration, more fieldwork, supervision opportunities, and refresher training were recommended to mitigate training challenges. Financial support and formal community recognition were deemed necessary for training delivery. CONCLUSION: The peer responder training programme was feasible to ensure accessible mental health services for persons with disabilities, build a workforce to screen for mental health conditions, and provide appropriate referrals. A multi-sectoral collaboration of government and non-governmental institutions is recommended to policy advocates to expand the peer responder training programme in the mainstream mental healthcare system.

Prevalence and factors associated with the occurrence of sexual violence among people with disabilities in Burkina Faso.

A person with a disability regardless of the gender has an increased risk of sexual coercion and violence in various ways. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence and the risk factors associated with lifetime sexual violence among people with disabilities (PWDs) in Burkina Faso. We conducted a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study carried out in Central, Central-East, Central-West and "Hauts Bassins" regions of Burkina Faso. PWDs were selected during a household survey through a two-stage random sampling technique. The prevalence of sexual violence in people disabilities was 7.4% (95%: CI 5.8-9.4). Females with disabilities were more likely than males with disabilities to report lifetime sexual violence (8.9% vs. 4.9%). The place where the person usually spends time and the disability duration were significantly associated with the occurrence of sexual violence among females with disability. There is no association between the other demographic characteristics and sexual violence among people with disability.

Prevalence and factors associated to the occurrence of sexual violence among people with disabilities in Burkina Faso.

A person with a disability regardless of the gender has an increased risk of sexual coercion and violence in various ways. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence and the risk factors associated with lifetime sexual violence among people with disabilities (PWDs) in Burkina Faso. We conducted a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study carried out in four regions (Central, Central-East, Central-West and 'Hauts Bassins' regions) of Burkina Faso. PWDs were selected during a household survey through a two-stage random sampling technique. The prevalence of sexual violence in people disabilities was 7.4% (95%: CI 5.8-9.4). Females with disabilities were more likely than males with disabilities to report lifetime sexual violence (8.9% vs 4.9%). The place where the person usually spends time and the disability duration were significantly associated with the occurrence of sexual violence among female with disability. No significant association was found between different and sexual violence among people with disabilities. Sexual violence is frequent among PWDs in Burkina Faso. Specific policy to protect PWDs particularly women with disabilities from sexual violence is urgently needed.

The Influence of Decision Making on Social Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities: A Case Study of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Decision making is an essentially social process adopted by individuals or groups to identify and choose the best choice among several alternatives. Decision-making choices are influenced by the preferences, values, and beliefs of the individuals or groups involved in the decision-making process. This study was conducted to analyze the social inclusion of Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in the context of their participation in decision making. The study area consisted of 8028 PWDs registered with the government of Pakistan, from which a sample of 488 PWDs was selected through a multistage stratified random sampling technique. These PWDs included physically disabled, blind, crippled, and deaf persons; however, the data were collected from those who were able to be interviewed. Chi-square and Kendall's Tau-b tests were used to determine the strength, level, and direction of association among variables. At the multivariate level, the study found a spurious relation between social inclusion and participation in decision making when controlling for gender, monthly family income, and level of disability of the PWDs. The results highlighted that participation in decision making improved the social inclusion of male and moderately disabled PWDs more positively. However, participation in decision making was a universal feature explaining the social inclusion of PWDs irrespective of their monthly family income. The logistic regression model explained that the social inclusion of PWDs was more likely to occur when PWDs were married, had high monthly family income (PKR 16,500 and above), belonged to a joint family, and actively participated in decision making. The study recommends that ensuring the participation of PWDs in decision making in family, community, school, and other relevant institutions ultimately enhances their social inclusion.

The Economic Burden and Determinant Factors of Parents/Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy in Malaysia: A Mixed Methods Study.

The economic burden is a major concern for parents/caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP). This study used the sequential explanatory mixed-method approach to explorethe economic burden on parents/caregivers with a CP child in Malaysia and the factors associated with the economic burden. The study period spanned April 2020 and December 2020. A total of 106 questionnaire respondents were selected for the quantitative part, and 15 were interviewed to obtain qualitative input. A retrospective costing analysis was conducted based on the cost data obtained from the questionnaire. The majority of the children were GrossMotor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Level 5 (71%), quadriplegic (63%), and aged >4 years (90%). The estimated annual median total economic burden on the parents/caregivers per child in 2020 was RM52,540.00 (~USD12,515.03), with indirect cost being the greatest cost (RM28,800.00, ~USD6860.16), followed by developmental cost (RM16,200.00, ~USD3858.84), direct healthcare cost (RM4540.00, ~USD1081.43) and direct non-healthcare cost (RM3000.00, ~USD714.60). The annual household income was identified as a significant determinant factor (p=0.019, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.40) of the economic burden. The participants' responses during the in-depth interview in the qualitative part of the study supported the premise that socioeconomic factors play a substantial role in determining the total economic burden. Our findings may aid local policymakers when planning the greater provision of support to the affected families in the future, especially for the parents/caregivers of children with CP, who are facing socioeconomic challenges.

Estrategia de búsqueda de información científica aplicada al reintegro laboral de personas con discapacidad / Search strategy for scientific information applied to the return to work of people with disabilities

Resumen Introducción: El ejercicio de la práctica profesional relacionado con el reintegro laboral de personas con discapacidad, debe soportar su actuar en la evidencia científica. Con el avance de las tecnologías de información y comunicación se tiene acceso a un gran acervo de resultados de investigaciones, a las cuales se pueden acceder a través del uso de estrategias de búsqueda. Objetivo: Evidenciar la pertinencia de una estrategia de búsqueda para recuperar publicaciones científicas relacionadas con el reintegro laboral de personas con discapacidad. Materiales y métodos: Se presenta de forma sistemática la estrategia de búsqueda a partir de definición de la pregunta, identificación de términos de búsqueda en lenguaje común y controlado, ecuación de búsqueda, búsqueda-recuperación de artículos, criterios inclusión-exclusión, selección de artículos, lectura crítica y respuesta a pregunta de investigación. Lo anterior puede ser reproducido ajustando descriptores según el interés profesional. Resultados: Se recuperaron 15 artículos que responden a la pregunta ejemplo, evidenciando la pertinencia de la estrategia de búsqueda. Conclusiones: La estrategia de búsqueda de información académica propuesta, permite recuperar artículos que son pertinentes para el investigador y profesionales en su práctica diaria.

Abstract Introduction: The professionals to exercise their practice in an updated and effective way in the matter of return to work of persons with disabilities must support their actions in the scientific evidence. With technology you have access to a lot of information. To be effective and retrieve the data that is required the use of search strategies. Objective: To demonstrate the relevance of a search strategy to recover scientific publications, in this case, labor reimbursement of persons with disabilities. Materials and methods: The search strategy is systematically presented based on the definition of the question, identification of search terms in common and controlled language, search equation, search-retrieval of articles, inclusion-exclusion criteria, selection of articles, critical reading and answer to research question. The above can be reproduced by adjusting descriptors according to professional interest. Results: 15 articles were retrieved that answer the example question evidencing the relevance of the search strategy. Conclusions: An academic information search strategy allows retrieving articles that are relevant for the researcher and professionals in their daily practice.

The Rights of Persons with Disability Act, 2016: Challenges and opportunities.

India signed the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Person with Disabilities (UNCRPD) and subsequently ratified the same on October 1, 2007. The UNCRPD proclaims that disability results from an interaction of impairments with attitudinal and environmental barriers which hinders full and active participation in society on an equal basis. Further, the convention also mandates the signatories to change their national laws, to identify and eliminate obstacles and barriers, and to comply with the terms of the UNCRPD. In this regard, the Government of India initially undertook the amendment of laws such as Persons with Disability Act, 1995 (PWD Act 1995). The Rights of PWD Act, 2016 (RPWD Act 2016) replaced the PWD Act 1995 to comply with the UNCRPD. The new act was fine-tuned considering the socio-cultural and local needs of the society, and the available resources. Persons with Mental Illness (PMI) are often stigmatized and discriminated, which hinders their full and active participation in society. This is a much larger issue, especially in women, gender minorities, backward communities, and the poor and the migrated populations. Adding to the complexities, PMIs are often not aware of their illness, refuse the much-needed treatment and often are not in a place to exercise their rights. There is an urgent need to address this issue of attitudinal barrier so that the rights of PMI are upheld. Hence, this article discusses challenges and opportunities in the RPWD Act 2016 from the perspective of PMI.

Síndrome de Burnout en Cuidadores de Pacientes con Discapacidad Infantil / Burnout Syndrome in Caregivers of Patients with Childhood Disability

El objetivo del presente estudio fue valorar la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout en cuidadores de pacientes con discapacidad infantil de la ciudad de Arequipa. La muestra estuvo conformada por 45 cuidadores (91.42% mujeres y el 8.8% varones) con una edad media fue de 30.26 años (D.E.= 11.42). Se aplicó el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach, de 22 ítems que cuenta con una adecuada evidencia de confiabilidad para personal de salud (α= 0.721). Los resultados reportan que los cuidadores de personas con discapacidad tienen un perfil caracterizado por ser mujeres que son familiares de las personas que tienen a su cuidado, y que presentan altos niveles de agotamiento emocional y baja realización personal. Un 97.6% de personas presentan síndrome de burnout moderado. Asimismo, las mujeres presentan mayor despersonalización que los varones, y mientras las cuidadoras familiares presentan mayor agotamiento emocional, los cuidadores profesionales presentan más baja realización personal. Se concluye que los cuidadores de personas con discapacidad presentan un alto riesgo de padecer síndrome de burnout, manifestándose de manera severa en los niveles de agotamiento emocional y baja realización personal

The aim of this study was to value the prevalence of burnout syndrome in caregivers of patients with disabilities from Arequipa City. The sample was conformed by 45 caregivers (91.42% female and 8.8% male) with and average age of 30.26 years old. We applied the Burnout Maslach Inventory, which has 22 items and three dimensions: exhaustion, cynicism and inefficacy. Its reliability is adequate for health personnel like this case (α= 0.721). The caregivers of patients with disability are women and relatives of the people who are under their responsibility. They also have high levels of exhaustion and inefficacy. Around 97.6% of people sampled have moderate levels of burnout syndrome. Moreover, women present major levels of cynicism than men, and while family caregivers have mayor levels of exhaustion, professional caregivers reach severe levels of inefficacy. We conclude that caregivers of people with disabilities have high risk of having burnout syndrome, which is characterized by severe levels of exhaustion and inefficacy

Assistive technologies for hearing, and speaking impaired people: a survey.

This study presents a novel method for evaluating the scientific research papers in the field of assistive technologies pertaining to different impairment conditions. The objectives are to understand the technologies used for addressing the needs of PWD by identifying relevant criteria for the assessment, explore the implications of these technologies in their lives and identify the gaps among certain technologies in assisting PWD. In this article, we reviewed around 40 research scientific papers in relation to the technologies used to assist PWD in their daily activities. A novel quantitative assessment methodology based on Multi-weighted Scoring Model (MWSM) has been developed. It is based on the judgement of clinical experts according to thirteen well-defined criteria. The proposed method is useful because it assesses the scientific studies related to PWD qualitatively according to efficient research coverage, as well as quantitatively in order to have good comparative judgment. Moreover, this method recognizes the research gap or areas which need further investigation and identifies the research papers that have good coverage of the respective criteria. Implications for Rehabilitation Human computer interface (HCI) solutions are critical for addressing the main issues facing people with disabilities (PWD) in their life. Assessment of scientific research papers according to well-defined criteria that address PWD needs would assist in verifying their suitability for PWDs. Novel quantitative assessment methodology is used for assessing these research papers using judgment of experienced researchers according to 13 well-defined criteria that have been weighted according to relevancy to different impairment groups. Identifying research papers that have good coverage of defined criteria and knowing the research area that needs further investigation by researchers and developers, would ultimately address the rehabilitation needs for PWD.

Representações sociais da deficiência nas famílias: um estudo comparativo / Social representations of disability in families: a comparative study

O principal objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as representações sociais da deficiência em famílias, considerando que a deficiência resulta da interação entre pessoas com deficiência, as barreiras comportamentais e as ambientais que impedem sua participação plena e eficaz nasociedade de forma igualitária. Optou-se comparar a representação de dois tipos de grupos familiares: um grupo familiar no qual há convívio direto com pessoas com deficiência e outro grupo familiar em que não há convívio direto com pessoas com deficiência. Foi utilizado oreferencial teórico da Teoria das Representações Sociais em especial a contribuição da Abordagem estrutural de modo a identificar e comparar os prováveis núcleos centrais dasrepresentações entre os grupos estudados. Para tanto, utilizou-se questionários com questõesfechadas e abertas e tarefas de evocação livre acerca de dois objetos: Deficiência e Pessoa com Deficiência. A pesquisa foi realizada com 108 famílias residentes no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados apontam as representações sociais nas famílias em convívio direto com as pessoas com deficiência ligadas aos aspectos da dinâmica cotidiana, dos direitos e da visão de compreender a pessoa com deficiência como sujeito. As famílias que não apresentam o convívio direto possuem representações sociais relacionadas a sentimentos de pena, compaixão, questões ligadas ao corpo e a falta, o que gera preconceitos e discriminações. Como semelhança os grupos apontaram a dificuldade vivida pela pessoa com deficiência para garantir seus direitos, a falta deinfraestrutura/acessibilidade e de políticas públicas efetivas...

The main objective of this study was to identify the social representations of disability in families, considering that disability results from the interaction between persons with impairments and attitudinal and environmental barriers that hinders their full and effectiveparticipation in society on an equalbasis. We chose to compare the representation of two types of family groups: a family group in which there is direct contact with people with disabilities and another family group in which no direct contact with people with disabilities. The theoretical framework of the Theory of Social Representations in particular the contribution of the structural approach to identify and compare the probable central representations of nuclei between groups was used. For this, we used questionnaires with closed and open questions and tasks on freerecall of two objects: Disability and Persons with Disabilities. The survey was conducted with 108 families residing in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The results indicate the social representations in families with direct contact to persons with disabilities related to aspects of everyday dynamicsof rights and the vision to understand the person with disabilities as well as their status as subject. Families that do not have this reality have social representations related to feelings ofshame, compassion, connected body issues and lack, which creates prejudice and discrimination. How similarity pointed out the difficulty experienced by people with disabilities to ensure theirrights, lack of infrastructure / accessibility and effective public policy...

Representações sociais da deficiência nas famílias: um estudo comparativo / Social representations of disability in families: a comparative study

O principal objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as representações sociais da deficiência em famílias, considerando que a deficiência resulta da interação entre pessoas com deficiência, as barreiras comportamentais e as ambientais que impedem sua participação plena e eficaz nasociedade de forma igualitária. Optou-se comparar a representação de dois tipos de grupos familiares: um grupo familiar no qual há convívio direto com pessoas com deficiência e outro grupo familiar em que não há convívio direto com pessoas com deficiência. Foi utilizado oreferencial teórico da Teoria das Representações Sociais em especial a contribuição da Abordagem estrutural de modo a identificar e comparar os prováveis núcleos centrais dasrepresentações entre os grupos estudados. Para tanto, utilizou-se questionários com questõesfechadas e abertas e tarefas de evocação livre acerca de dois objetos: Deficiência e Pessoa com Deficiência. A pesquisa foi realizada com 108 famílias residentes no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados apontam as representações sociais nas famílias em convívio direto com as pessoas com deficiência ligadas aos aspectos da dinâmica cotidiana, dos direitos e da visão de compreender a pessoa com deficiência como sujeito. As famílias que não apresentam o convívio direto possuem representações sociais relacionadas a sentimentos de pena, compaixão, questões ligadas ao corpo e a falta, o que gera preconceitos e discriminações. Como semelhança os grupos apontaram a dificuldade vivida pela pessoa com deficiência para garantir seus direitos, a falta deinfraestrutura/acessibilidade e de políticas públicas efetivas. (AU)

The main objective of this study was to identify the social representations of disability in families, considering that disability results from the interaction between persons with impairments and attitudinal and environmental barriers that hinders their full and effectiveparticipation in society on an equalbasis. We chose to compare the representation of two types of family groups: a family group in which there is direct contact with people with disabilities and another family group in which no direct contact with people with disabilities. The theoretical framework of the Theory of Social Representations in particular the contribution of the structural approach to identify and compare the probable central representations of nuclei between groups was used. For this, we used questionnaires with closed and open questions and tasks on freerecall of two objects: Disability and Persons with Disabilities. The survey was conducted with 108 families residing in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The results indicate the social representations in families with direct contact to persons with disabilities related to aspects of everyday dynamicsof rights and the vision to understand the person with disabilities as well as their status as subject. Families that do not have this reality have social representations related to feelings ofshame, compassion, connected body issues and lack, which creates prejudice and discrimination. How similarity pointed out the difficulty experienced by people with disabilities to ensure theirrights, lack of infrastructure / accessibility and effective public policy. (AU)

Como cuidadores de paraplégicos lidam com sobrecarga de atividades no dia a dia / Como cuidadores de parapléjicos manejan la sobrecarga de cuidados en sus actividades diárias / How caretakers of paraplegics deal with the overload of activities on a daily basis

Objective: To investigate how domiciliary caregivers of people with spinal cord injuries deal with theoverload of caring on a daily basis. Method: This was a descriptive study with a qualitative approach with formal and informal caregivers of paraplegics who are users of two rehabilitation institutions located in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview and analyzed through thematic analysis of content. Results:The reports evidenced two categories:"Understanding to take carebetter of another"; and "Evaluating the overload of care for others." Conclusion: The understanding of the conflicts in the person with spinal cord injury must be the premise for the home caregiver to exercise their activities without further damage and overload that could render them unable to meet their needs...

Objetivo: Investigar como cuidadores domiciliares de pessoas com lesão medular lidam com a sobrecarga do cuidado no dia a dia. Método: Estudo descritivo, abordagem qualitativa, com cuidadores principais e informais de paraplégicos, usuários de duas instituições de reabilitação, localizadas na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Coleta de dados a partir de entrevista semi-estruturada e análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: Relatos evidenciaram duas categorias, “Compreendendo para melhor cuidar do outro”; e “Avaliando a sobrecarga do cuidado para com o outro”. Conclusão: A compreensão dos conflitos da pessoa com lesão medular deve ser premissa para que o cuidador domiciliar exerça suas atividades sem maiores desgastes e sobrecarga que o impeça de suprir suas próprias necessidades...

Objetivo: Investigar cómo cuidadores domiciliarios de personas con lesiones de la médula espinal manejan la sobrecarga de cuidados en la vida cotidiana. Método: Enfoque cualitativo descriptivo, con los cuidadores principales e informales de los parapléjicos, usuarios de instituciones de rehabilitación ubicadas en la ciudad de Rio de Janeiro. Recopilación de datos de entrevistas semi-estructuradas y análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: Se analizaron dos categorías, "Comprender a una mejor atención a los demás"; y" Evaluación dela sobrecarga de cuidar a los demás." Conclusión: La comprensión de los conflictos de las personas con lesión de la médula espinal debe ser la premisa para el cuidador de casa que realiza sus actividades sin mayores daños y la sobrecarga que le impide satisfacer sus propias necesidades...

Structural barriers at the workplace for employees with vision and locomotor disabilities in New Delhi, India.

BACKGROUND: India, a signatory to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), has 2.21% of people with disabilities to the total population of which 26% are employed (Census 2011 and 2001). Accessibility was introduced for the first time in 1995 under The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act. Article 9 of UNCRPD promotes barrier-free environment on an equal basis with others. Despite the legislation and the UN convention, structural barriers continue to be one of the largest barriers posing concern for PwDs at their workplace. OBJECTIVE: To identify various physicall barriers limiting accessibility of PWDs in the formal sector in Delhi. METHOD: Quantitative descriptive research design. Random sample was drawn. RESULT: Structural barriers create difficulty in accessing basic amenities such as canteens, toilets etc. CONCLUSION: Disability is a human rights issue. An employee with disability is entitled to dignified life. Effective implementation of Article 9 and 27 of UNCRPD will pave a way for removing structural barriers at workplace.

Política de acessibilidade universal na sociedade contemporânea / Universal accessibility policy in contemporary society

Neste artigo pretendemos analisar a condição da deficiência numa abordagem que não centralize no sujeito a patologia social. Existem inúmeras barreiras arquitetônicas e do preconceito nas instâncias da sociedade que se constituem como interdição social, tornando difícil o acesso das diferenças singulares aos bens sociais. Trabalhamos com o conceito de reconhecimento político das diferenças como um fundamento para dar base a todas as políticas voltadas para a área da deficiência e para a construção de uma política de acessibilidade universal. Estes princípios encontram eco na Convenção Sobre os Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência (ONU, 2006), que hoje balizam internacionalmente às políticas na área.

This article aims to present the analysis of the condition of disability by an approach does not centralize in the subject but to social pathology. There are numerous architectural barriers and prejudice in society bodies that are constituted as social interdiction making it difficult to access the unique differences to social goods. We work with the concept of political recognition of differences as a foundation to underpin all policies that work in the disability field and the construction of a policy of universal accessibility. These principles are echoed in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNO, 2006) which today internationally guiding policies in the area.

Assistência multiprofissional em unidade de terapia intensiva ao paciente portador de síndrome de Prader-Willi: um enfoque odontológico / Multidisciplinary care in the intensive care unit for a patient with Prader-Willi syndrome: a dental approach

A síndrome de Prader-Willi (SPW) é uma doença neurocomportamental genética que afeta o desenvolvimento da criança, resultando em obesidade, estatura reduzida, hipotonia, distúrbios endócrinos e déficit cognitivo que podem comprometer a integridade da cavidade oral. O presente estudo tem como finalidade apresentar um caso de paciente branco, masculino, 15 anos de idade portador da referida síndrome cujo exame clínico intra-oral evidenciou presença de placa bacteriana, gengivite, má-oclusão, salivação viscosa e múltiplas lesões ulceradas em lábio, mucosa jugal, gengiva inserida, dorso e ventre lingual e lesões papulares ulceradas em borda lateral da língua. Após realização de biópsia excisional, foi constatada a presença de lesão herpética em cavidade oral e lesões cutâneas típicas do herpes que foram associadas a possível causa de encefalite herpética. Assim, observou-se que grande parcela dos efeitos deletérios da SPW podem ser amenizados com o diagnóstico correto e intervenções terapêuticas e educacionais precoces, sendo importante a atuação de uma equipe multiprofissional integrada e o desenvolvimento de protocolos assistenciais para melhor manejo dos pacientes portadores da síndrome de Prader-Willi.

Prader-Willi syndrome is a genetic neurobehavioral disease affecting children's development and resulting in obesity, reduced height, hypotonia, endocrine disorders and cognitive deficits, which may impair oral integrity. This study aims to report on a case involving a white male 15-year-old patient with Prader-Willi syndrome whose oral examination revealed bacterial plaque, gingivitis, poor occlusion, viscous salivation and multiple lip, jugal mucosa, inserted gum and tongue ulcerations. An excision biopsy revealed oral ulcerations typical of herpes, which were considered to be likely to correlate with herpes encephalitis. This result demonstrates that a large portion of the deleterious effects of Prader-Willi syndrome can be attenuated by appropriate diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention, highlighting the role of an integrated multidisciplinary team in the development of therapeutic protocols for Prader-Willi syndrome patients.