ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To optimize a measuring method of osteonecrotic area by analyzing the average osteonecrotic areas and osteonecritic volume using multi layer MR images. METHODS: The MRI images of 87 cases (120 hips) of ONFH(ARCO II) were collected retrospectively from January 2011 to January 2012 in Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medicine Science. PHILIPS Achieval 1.5T MR was used to obtain coronal TSE T1 weighted (T1W) images. The scanning parameters were shown as follows:slice thickness, 3.5 mm; gap, 0.3 mm; images repetition time(TR), 500 ms;echo time(TE), 20 ms;field of view (FOV), 374 mm;total 12 layers. According to the distribution rule of osteonecrotic lesion, the layer of coronal T1-weighted imaging showing most of femoral neck was marked as layer 0(L0). The layers before L0 were marked in sequence L1, L2, L3, L4... , and the layers after L0 were marked in sequence L-1, L-2, L-3, L-4... . Auto CAD 2007 was used to measure the percentage of osteonecrotic area and calcu late the average data, and then decreased the layer from low to high layer successively based on frequency of osteonecrotic occurrences. First, the layer with lowest frequency of osteonecrotic occurrenoses L3 was removed, then calculated the average osteonecrotic area of the ramaining 8 layers. L5, L4, L-2, L-1, L3 layers were gradually removed, resulting in the calculation of avereage osteonecrotic areas in 7, 6, 5, 4, 3 layers. These areas were compared to the osteonecrotic volume in MR imagings, leading to the optimization of the fewest layer measuring method of osteonecrotic area using a statistical analysis. RESULTS: The percentage of osteonecrotic volume in 120 hips was 0.333±0.151. The average osteonecrotic areas of 9 to 3 layers were 0.321±0.117, 0.317±0.136, 0.312±0.147, 0.333±0.153, 0.348±0.172, 0.365±0.174, 0.377±0.202 respectively. There were no statistical differences of the average osteonecrotic areas and osteonecrotic volume in 9 to 3 layers(P>0.05), but when the osteonecrotic layers were reduced to 3, there were statistical differences(P<0.05). Total 120 hips were grouped according to osteonecrotic volume based on ARCO staging criteria, among them, 12 hips were grade A, 43 were B, 65 were C. According to average osteonecrotic areas of 4 layers, 10 hips were A grade, 32 were B, 78 were C. There were no statistical differences between two methods(P>0.05). There was a high degree of concordance among two methods. CONCLUSIONS: The results of 4(L0, L1, L2, L3) layers measuring method and osteonecrotic volume measuring method are similar. The 4 layers measuring method is an accurate, convenient, valuable method measuring the esteonecrotic area with the fewest layers, which is worth to be popularized in clinical application.
Subject(s)
Femur Head Necrosis/diagnostic imaging , Femur Head Necrosis/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , China , Femur Head/diagnostic imaging , Femur Head/pathology , Femur Neck/diagnostic imaging , Femur Neck/pathology , HumansABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To optimize a measuring method of osteonecrotic area by analyzing the average osteonecrotic areas and osteonecritic volume using multi layer MR images.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The MRI images of 87 cases (120 hips) of ONFH(ARCO II) were collected retrospectively from January 2011 to January 2012 in Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medicine Science. PHILIPS Achieval 1.5T MR was used to obtain coronal TSE T1 weighted (T1W) images. The scanning parameters were shown as follows:slice thickness, 3.5 mm; gap, 0.3 mm; images repetition time(TR), 500 ms;echo time(TE), 20 ms;field of view (FOV), 374 mm;total 12 layers. According to the distribution rule of osteonecrotic lesion, the layer of coronal T1-weighted imaging showing most of femoral neck was marked as layer 0(L0). The layers before L0 were marked in sequence L1, L2, L3, L4... , and the layers after L0 were marked in sequence L-1, L-2, L-3, L-4... . Auto CAD 2007 was used to measure the percentage of osteonecrotic area and calcu late the average data, and then decreased the layer from low to high layer successively based on frequency of osteonecrotic occurrences. First, the layer with lowest frequency of osteonecrotic occurrenoses L3 was removed, then calculated the average osteonecrotic area of the ramaining 8 layers. L5, L4, L-2, L-1, L3 layers were gradually removed, resulting in the calculation of avereage osteonecrotic areas in 7, 6, 5, 4, 3 layers. These areas were compared to the osteonecrotic volume in MR imagings, leading to the optimization of the fewest layer measuring method of osteonecrotic area using a statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The percentage of osteonecrotic volume in 120 hips was 0.333±0.151. The average osteonecrotic areas of 9 to 3 layers were 0.321±0.117, 0.317±0.136, 0.312±0.147, 0.333±0.153, 0.348±0.172, 0.365±0.174, 0.377±0.202 respectively. There were no statistical differences of the average osteonecrotic areas and osteonecrotic volume in 9 to 3 layers(>0.05), but when the osteonecrotic layers were reduced to 3, there were statistical differences(<0.05). Total 120 hips were grouped according to osteonecrotic volume based on ARCO staging criteria, among them, 12 hips were grade A, 43 were B, 65 were C. According to average osteonecrotic areas of 4 layers, 10 hips were A grade, 32 were B, 78 were C. There were no statistical differences between two methods(>0.05). There was a high degree of concordance among two methods.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results of 4(L0, L1, L2, L3) layers measuring method and osteonecrotic volume measuring method are similar. The 4 layers measuring method is an accurate, convenient, valuable method measuring the esteonecrotic area with the fewest layers, which is worth to be popularized in clinical application.</p>
ABSTRACT
Objetivo: investigar como as modalidades crioterapêuticas de bolsa de gelo (BG) e imersão em água gelada (IAG) influenciam na capacidade proprioceptiva de percepção de posicionamento articular de sujeitos saudáveis. Método: pesquisa observacional e analítica, realizada no Laboratório de Mecanoterapia do Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde da Universidade do Estado do Pará. Foi verificada a angulação articular do tornozelo de 15 indivíduos saudáveis, registrada pela fotogrametria em três posicionamentos da articulação do tornozelo: flexão máxima (FM), extensão máxima (EM) e a metade da amplitude entre FM e EM (1/2FE). Os posicionamentos articulares foram alcançados de forma ativa e sem ajuda visual. O registro foi realizado antes e depois da aplicação de duas modalidades crioterapêuticas, BG e IAG, na região do tornozelo, onde a temperatura da superfície da pele se manteve entre 5°C e 10°C durante 20 minutos. Aplicou-se o Teste t pareado, para analisar se houve alguma alteração dos ângulos mensurados após os protocolos crioterapêuticos. A sensibilidade tátil da pele foi aferida pelo estesiômetro antes e após os protocolos de aplicação do frio. Resultados: houve alteração da sensibilidade tátil cutânea de todos os indivíduos em ambos os protocolos, porém após o protocolo de IAG, 27% tiveram sensibilidade anormal ao teste estesiométrico e 73% mantiveram-se na faixa normal, enquanto que após o protocolo de BG apenas 7% tiveram sensibilidade anormal e 93% mantiveram-se com a sensibilidade preservada. Verificou-se alteração significativa no valor do ângulo articular de 1/2FE após o protocolo de BG e para EM após ambos os protocolos. Considerações finais: a aplicação da BG foi mais efetiva em alterar a sensação de posicionamento da articulação do tornozelo que a IAG. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Proprioception , Cryotherapy/methods , Ankle Joint , Photogrammetry , Physical Therapy SpecialtyABSTRACT
El análisis de las dimensiones y proporciones faciales es necesario en distintos ámbitos de la odontoestomatología y de la antropología física. En este informe presentamos el software Antropmeter, diseñado para realizar análisis de dimensiones y proporciones faciales, en base a fotografías estandarizadas, de fácil manejo por parte del clínico y de utilidad en análisis faciales estéticos y antropológicos.
The dimensions and facial proportions analysis are necessary in different areas of the odontostomatology and physical anthropology practice. In this report we present the Antropmeter software, designed to carry out analysis of dimensions and facial proportions, based on standardized pictures, of easy handling on the part of the clinical one and of utility in aesthetic and anthropological facial analysis.
