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1.
J Homosex ; : 1-23, 2024 Jul 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38989971

ABSTRACT

The growing visibility of the LGBTQ community and the demand for their rights, also in the educational context, have led, among other things, to a higher focus on the experiences of teachers and the role they play when facing homophobia and promoting diversity and respect. In this sense, lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) teachers could experience their sexual orientation and its visibility as a problem. However, specific knowledge about these experiences is limited, also in Physical Education (PE). This study explores these experiences through data collected from 24 in-depth interviews with Primary and Secondary LGB PE teachers in Spain. The results align with the international literature, highlighting that disclosing their sexual orientation is a key aspect of participants' experience. Although teachers agree on the advantages of "coming out of the closet," LGB PE teachers define their strategies based on contextual elements such as fear of the families' reaction, the type of school, or the training received. They develop strategies such as ignoring homophobic acts, reacting against them, or using them educationally. Overall, homophobia in the educational context affects them emotionally. As a conclusion, it is essential to improve training, engage allies, and involve the entire educational community in the fight against homophobia.

2.
Front Public Health ; 12: 1390424, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38962760

ABSTRACT

During the course of their work, teachers may be subjected to conditions that cause different health problems. This study examines occupational health disorders in a representative sample of 858 teachers (528 female; age 44.0 ± 9.67 years) divided into three groups of teachers with specific occupational requirements: specialist physical education teachers (specialist PETs), classroom teachers, and specialist teachers. The number of health disorders in the last 12 months was recorded using the Chronic Health Disorders Questionnaire. The differences between the different types of teachers, controlled for sex and age, were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The results showed that 89% of teachers experienced colds as the most frequently reported health problem, followed by 58% for lower back problems, 57% for headaches, 51% for hoarseness, and 43% for neck problems. A binary logistic regression showed that specialist PETs were the group with the highest health risk. They were about twice as likely to have musculoskeletal or hearing disorders than the other two groups of teachers. They were also significantly more likely to suffer from hoarseness. Understanding these different health challenges is critical to developing targeted interventions and robust support systems. These interventions should include initiatives aimed at raising awareness of health risk factors, implementing injury interventions and vocal cord hygiene programs, making ergonomic adjustments, and promoting awareness of self-care (both mental and physical). Given that the teaching profession is currently struggling with an aging workforce and a shortage of teachers, addressing these challenges is critical to the continued well-being of the teaching professionals.


Subject(s)
Occupational Diseases , Physical Education and Training , School Teachers , Humans , Female , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , School Teachers/statistics & numerical data , Physical Education and Training/statistics & numerical data , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Logistic Models , Occupational Health/statistics & numerical data
3.
Front Sports Act Living ; 6: 1378317, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38957878

ABSTRACT

Introduction: This study set out to understand the association between teaching practices, teacher confidence, competence, self-efficacy, and the resulting student outcomes. Methods: Data regarding teaching behaviours were collected via video recording and then evaluated using the MASTER Observation Tool. The information about demographics, self-reported teaching confidence, competence, self-efficacy, and student outcomes was collected using questionnaires. The association between teacher characteristics, and teacher and/or student outcome variables were tested using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: A total of ten primary schools were involved, including 597 children (age range: 10-12 years, grade 4-6) and 16 grade 4-6 PE teachers (with 16 PE classes). Most of the Physical Education (PE) lesson time was spent in training-form activities (60.2% ± 9.1), followed by instructional time (33.1% ± 8.6%), reflection (3.4% ± 2.3%), and warm-up (2.9% ± 2.0 %). It was observed that teaching behaviours and student outcomes were significantly better in urban than rural areas. Smaller class sizes (21-30 children) were found to have more positive feedback than larger ones (41-50 children). PE teachers with more than 10 years of teaching experience reported more teaching competence and self-efficacy than teachers with less than 10 years of experience. PE teachers with class sizes of 21-30 children enjoyed significantly better scores in self-efficacy than classes with 41-50 children. They also scored more highly in confidence and competence than classes with 41-50 and 51-60 pupils. Conclusion: The current study confirmed that teachers dedicated a large proportion of lesson time to PE delivering training-form activities, followed by instructional time. Teaching behaviour and student outcomes were associated with location and class size, but not gender. The study contributes to our understanding of PE instruction in Chinese primary schools and offers preliminary evidence to improve future PE teaching strategies in the country.

4.
Res Q Exerc Sport ; : 1-10, 2024 Jul 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38986155

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The goals of this study were: (1) to assess students' physical activity levels in a sport education season according to the phases of the model, adjusted for body mass index; (2) to uncover the contribution of the phases of the model to the World Health Organization recommendations; (3) to understand its impact in students with overweight/obesity. Methods: A total of 42 primary education students with a mean age of 10.68 ± 0.69 years, enrolled in one year 5 (10-11 years) and one year 6 (11-12 years). Physical Education lessons of the same school agreed to participate. Students in both groups experienced a 14-lesson learning unit in team handball through the sport education. Each participant wore an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer to measure physical activity levels, counts/minute and steps counted. Cole and Lobstein cutoff points were used to determine groups based on body mass index (thin, normal-weight, overweight/obese). Results: The results showed that the overweight/obese group achieved scores for moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time that were not significantly different from the normal-weight group. According to the phases, the preseason was the most active and contributed most to the World Health Organization recommendations in all groups. Conclusions: Sport education could be considered an appropriate pedagogical framework to help overweight/obese children achieve moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary scores similar to their normal-weight classmates. Key elements of sport education include performing roles, learning work routines, and having the autonomy to choose games/tasks, all of which promote physical activity amongst all students.

5.
Int J Dev Disabil ; 70(4): 615-624, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38983489

ABSTRACT

Background: The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the experiences of physical education (PE) teachers regarding online PE lessons for children with ASD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Participants in this study were 16 PE teachers who took part in one-on-one semi-structured phone interviews. Interview data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's recipe for thematic analysis. Result: Four overarching themes were found: (1) we were unprepared for online lessons, (2) challenges of online lessons, (3) parental support, and (4) solution offers. Conclusion: The results revealed that PE teachers were unprepared for the sudden transition to online lessons due to the COVID-19 pandemic. PE teachers started the online teaching with parent support despite the challenges, but they were not satisfied with the online PE model.

6.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38929034

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to explore the adaptations that schools made to physical activity programs and facilities, and disparities by area urbanicity and income, during the first school year after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. In a convenience sample of 132 secondary schools in Canada, school contacts responded to an annual survey in the 2020-2021 school year on changes to physical activity programs and facilities, and related staff training. Content analysis categorized open-ended text responses, and schools were compared based on area urbanicity and median income. Most schools canceled all interschool sports (88.9%) and intramurals (65.9%). New programs were added by 12.6% of schools, and about half (49%) of schools reported some continuing programs, most of which were sports programs, followed by facility and equipment access. Physical activity facilities were closed in 18.1% of schools, while 15.7% had new facilities added, and 11% temporarily converted facilities into learning spaces. Large/medium urban schools were at greater odds of having made any change to their facilities compared to schools in rural/small urban areas (odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 2.3 (1.1, 4.8)). The results demonstrate the considerable scale and nature of the restrictions in school provisions of physical activity opportunities during this period, as well as the resourcefulness of some schools in adding new programs and facilities.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Exercise , Schools , COVID-19/prevention & control , COVID-19/epidemiology , Humans , Canada , Adolescent , SARS-CoV-2 , Quarantine
7.
Children (Basel) ; 11(6)2024 Jun 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38929281

ABSTRACT

The collection of papers in this Special Issue serves to extend the literature and evidence base for physical literacy (PL) research within child and youth populations. Currently, child and youth populations are increasingly sedentary, resulting in them spending less time engaging in daily physical activity (PA). Physical literacy serves as an attractive concept to help reframe and address physical inactivity and poor health and wellbeing, utilising a different and integrated approach to physical activity, health and wellbeing promotion. The studies presented in this Special Issue respond to previous calls in PL research for further empirical evidence, clarity around PL assessment, the utility of physical literacy with diverse populations including indigenous children and those with disabilities, the application of PL within early years, parental engagement and the role of physical education in the promotion of PL. These studies shed new light on the frontiers of PL research within child and youth populations.

8.
J Clin Med ; 13(12)2024 Jun 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38929929

ABSTRACT

(1) Background: The growing prevalence of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and declining physical fitness among children and adolescents due to sedentary lifestyles has increased attention toward preventive intervention to tackle this issue. This study investigated the age-related effects of high-intensity functional training (HIFT), based on bodyweight resistance exercises conducted during physical education lessons, on muscle mass and strength improvement. (2) Methods: Adolescent males (n = 116) were allocated to four HIFT experimental groups (EGs) and four standard physical education program control groups (CGs) according to age (15, 16, 17, and 18 years [y]). The changes in muscle mass (absolute and relative to height [SMI]), hand-grip strength (HGS), sit-ups (SUs), and standing broad jump (SBJ) were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni tests. (3) Results: HIFT significantly increased muscle mass and scores in all strength tests (p < 0.01), while chronological age was significant for HGS (p < 0.01). Interactions between HIFT and chronological age categories were observed for HGS (p = 0.01) and SBJ (p < 0.03). Detailed post hoc tests revealed improvement in muscle mass across all chronological age categories for both approaches (p < 0.05). The 18y-EG group improved HGS over their control peers (p < 0.01), the EG groups significantly improved their SU results (p < 0.01), and SBJ improved in the 15y-EG and 18y-EG groups compared to their control (p < 0.01). (4) Conclusions: This research highlights the effectiveness of a school-based HIFT program in promoting muscle mass gains and enhancing muscle strength among adolescents. The findings offer valuable insights for implementing bodyweight exercises during physical education classes.

9.
Front Sports Act Living ; 6: 1397511, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38919470

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The present study aims to assess PE teachers' perception about the use of teaching styles during curricular lessons. Methods: The sample involved a total of 83 PE teachers (M = 41, F = 42, main age = 43,74 ± 10,76) divided according to years of service (0-4 = 36%, 5-10 = 34%, and over 10 = 30%) and academic training (Higher Institutes of Physical Education = 44% and master's degree = 56%). Teachers complete a digitalized version of a self-produced questionnaire to assess how many times they use each teaching styles during the last month. Results: Results show that (a) reproduction rather than production teaching styles were often used, while reproduction teachings styles were most frequently used regardless of years of service. Discussion: Future research should investigate PE teacher's behavior to enhance the quality of physical education in school.

10.
Behav Sci (Basel) ; 14(6)2024 Jun 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38920807

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant changes in society's dynamics, particularly affecting the landscape of education. Research in several areas may have been affected during periods of social restrictions. This study analyzed the curricula of 558 researchers across 27 graduate programs in physical education in Brazil to investigate the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on scientific publications. Researchers' production from 2018 to 2022 underwent a comprehensive analysis, considering the total number of publications, Qualis rank, and journal impact factor. Data were analyzed using chi-squared and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Significance was set at 5%. Overall, the analyzed researchers published a total of 17,932 manuscripts from 2018 to 2022. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a decline of 16.4% in the number of articles published (p = 0.001). This decline was similar between men and women (p = 0.603) and was associated with a worsening in Qualis rank (p = 0.001). The number of studies published in journals with impact factors was also affected (p = 0.001). The findings suggest a potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the scientific production of Brazilian researchers in the field of physical education. Funding agencies should consider the challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic before evaluating researchers and programs.

11.
Res Q Exerc Sport ; : 1-10, 2024 Jun 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38900998

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors are key contributors to the rising rates of childhood obesity. Though many adolescents are aware of the benefits of exercise, youth in America are not sufficiently active. This study examined changes in physical activity (PA), physical education (PE), and sedentary behaviors among Black adolescents. Methods: Pooled data from Black high school students (n = 2,233) who completed the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) from 2009-2019 in Broward County, Florida, were analyzed. Logistic and linear regression models examined trends in selected physical activity indicators. Results: There were no significant changes in recommended physical activity levels (p = .829), daily physical activity (p = .44), PE class attendance (p = .054), or the average number of days of PA engagement (p = .304) for this time period. However, there was a significant decline in daily PE class attendance, the average number of days of PE attendance, and excessive television watching (p < .001). There were also increases in excessive video gaming and computer usage (p = .002). Conclusion: Adolescents' physical activity behaviors have not declined substantially over the past decade. However, sedentary behaviors, such as computer use and video gaming, have markedly increased. Results presented here should assist in broadening the understanding of Black adolescents' views on weight and physical activity and developing local programs and interventions to promote regular physical activity aimed at this population.

12.
Front Public Health ; 12: 1414152, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38835603

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The growth of certain human brain structures peaks at early ages, and complex motor interventions could positively facilitate this process. This study aims to offer an updated meta-analysis regarding the effectiveness of motor development-focused exercise training on gross motor skills in preschool children. Methods: We searched English- and Chinese-language electronic databases as of March 2024. The main eligibility criteria were as follows: participants were healthy children aged 3 to 6 years old, and the experimental design was a randomized controlled trial, with the control arm participating in either free play or ordinary physical education curriculum. We conducted a Hartung-Knapp random-effects meta-analysis of the standardized mean difference for locomotor, object control, or gross motor quotient. Results: The search identified 23 eligible studies, of which approximately 75% were considered to have a low risk of bias. Compared with active control, exercise training showed a large to very large effect size. Cohen's d values were 1.13, 1.55, and 1.53 for locomotor, object control, and gross motor quotient, respectively. From a probabilistic viewpoint, these effect sizes correspond to events that are "very likely to occur" and "almost sure to occur." Due to variations in intervention programs, all outcome measures showed high heterogeneity. Conclusion: This updated meta-analysis offers a realistic synthesis of the current evidence, leading to the conclusion that targeted motor skill exercise training can almost certainly enhance preschool children's gross motor skills. Practical implications are discussed regarding the refinement of the instructional framework and the dissemination of these findings in preschool settings.


Subject(s)
Exercise , Motor Skills , Humans , Child, Preschool , Motor Skills/physiology , Exercise/physiology , Child , Child Development/physiology , Male , Female , Physical Education and Training/methods , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
13.
Res Q Exerc Sport ; : 1-10, 2024 Jun 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38842825

ABSTRACT

Background: Physical literacy and injury prevention strategies use similar movement-related constructs and can be connected to develop comprehensive interventions. We aimed to test the feasibility and effects of a neuromuscular warm-up based on physical literacy and injury prevention strategies for 8-12-year-old children. Methods: We conducted a cluster non-randomized controlled trial. We defined a priori feasibility criteria and studied the effects of the intervention on physical literacy constructs, movement competence, and neuromuscular performance. We used generalized linear mixed models controlling for covariates and clustering with a significance level of 0.001. Results: We recruited 18 groups (n = 363) and randomly allocated nine to intervention (n = 179; female = 63.7%, age = 9.8 ± 1 years) and nine to control (n = 184, female = 53.3%, age = 9.9 ± 0.9 years). We met four of seven feasibility criteria (i.e. recruitment, adherence, enjoyment, perceived exertion). The three feasibility criteria that were not met (i.e. compliance, fidelity, follow-up) were slightly below the predefined threshold (90%). Model-adjusted mean differences for physical literacy constructs, movement competence, vertical jump height, horizontal jump distance, 20-m sprint time, and dynamic balance favored the intervention (p < .001). Conclusion: The feasibility evidence indicates that the intervention should be slightly modified before implementing it in a larger study. The observed mean differences are promising and can be used in planning future interventions.

14.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 13531, 2024 06 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38866795

ABSTRACT

The average levels of physical activity in children are below the ideal, which may influence children's health and motor competence levels. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impact of a 10-week play-based after-school program on 50 twelve-year-old students' anthropometric characteristics (body height and body weight), coordinative abilities (flamingo balance test and T-test agility), and physical fitness (sit and reach, 20-m sprint test, SLJ, CMJ, and handgrip). After baseline assessments, the students were randomly divided into two groups: one participating in a play-based after-school program (experimental group) and the other attending regular PE classes (control group). No differences were noted between the sexes. Analysis revealed baseline differences between groups in body weight, agility T-test, and right-handgrip, with no significant sex differences. Following the intervention, the experimental group demonstrated improvements in the 20-m sprint test (F(1,46) = 11.03, p < 0.01), flamingo balance test (F(1,46) = 9.16, p = 0.004), SLJ (F(1,46) = 5.30, p = 0.03), agility T-test (F(1,46) = 28.30, p < 0.01), and right-handgrip (F(1,46) = 6.59, p < 0.01). In summary, the results suggested that a 10-week play-based after-school program enhances coordinative abilities and physical fitness in 12-year-old children. This underscores the potential advantages of integrating play-based physical activities into schools to promote holistic health and fitness in children.


Subject(s)
Physical Fitness , Schools , Humans , Physical Fitness/physiology , Female , Male , Child , Adolescent , Exercise/physiology , Hand Strength/physiology , Physical Education and Training/methods , Students , Play and Playthings
15.
Scand J Med Sci Sports ; 34(6): e14678, 2024 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38877298

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Students' experiences in physical education (PE) can shape future physical activity (PA) behaviors. PE enjoyment is associated with PA; however, the relationship between PE enjoyment and fitness has not been extensively investigated. The aim of this study was to examine if changes in PE enjoyment were associated with changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular fitness (MF) among Finnish adolescents. METHODS: Study participants were students (n = 1147; 11.27 [±0.32] years at baseline) attending public schools in Finland. Data were collected yearly (2017-2021). The 20 m shuttle run assessed CRF, curl-up/push-up tests assessed MF, and the enjoyment subscale of the Sport Commitment Questionnaire-2 measured PE enjoyment. The random intercept cross-lagged panel model, including repeated measures (within-level) and latent levels (between-level) of PE enjoyment, CRF and MF, was tested. Sex, body mass index, moderate to vigorous PA, and peak height velocity were included as covariates in the analysis. RESULTS: Over 5 years, PE enjoyment decreased, CRF increased until Timepoint 3, and MF remained stable. Positive associations between PE enjoyment and fitness were observed, indicating the greater the PE enjoyment, the higher the fitness. For PE enjoyment, CRF and MF repeated measures were positively associated with measurement of the next year. PE enjoyment was positively related to CRF and MF the years thereafter. CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight the importance of quality PE experiences for enjoyment and fitness gains during the transition from primary to secondary school. These findings are important given youth fitness levels are associated with future health status.


Subject(s)
Cardiorespiratory Fitness , Physical Education and Training , Humans , Cardiorespiratory Fitness/psychology , Finland , Male , Female , Adolescent , Longitudinal Studies , Child , Exercise/psychology , Pleasure , Surveys and Questionnaires , Physical Fitness/psychology
17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38929007

ABSTRACT

The aim of this research is to find out to what extent the special qualifications of physical education teachers and the physical environment of kindergartens influence the physical development of preschoolers. Forty-four kindergartens across Estonia participated in the study, half of which had a physical education teacher (PEt), whereas the remaining 22 kindergartens were taught by non-qualified kindergarten teachers (NoPEt). Six Eurofit fitness tests were used to assess the physical development of children (n = 704; aged 6-7 years old, with an average age of 6.55 ± 0.5 years). An analysis of variance was used to compare the mean values of the fitness test results of the two groups. Linear regression analysis was applied to clarify the influence of individual and environmental factors on children's fitness scores. In kindergartens where the position of a PEt had been created, the results of children's physical fitness were statistically significantly better, more specifically in handgrip strength (m = 12.0, 95% CI = 11.8-12.3 vs. m = 11.5, 95% CI = 11.2-11.7) and in speed tests (m = 23.0, 95% CI = 22.8-23.2 vs. m = 23.6, 95% CI = 23.3-23.8). According to the teacher interviews, these kindergartens also had more rooms and areas specially created for physical exercises. The study revealed that the physical development of children is, when controlling for other individual and environmental factors, influenced by the professional qualification of the PE teacher (95% CI = 0.06-0.56) as well as children's participation in sports training (95% CI = 0.29-0.83). These findings are important for preschool institutions and municipalities in designing the optimal physical environment for facilitating children's physical fitness.


Subject(s)
Physical Education and Training , Physical Fitness , Humans , Male , Female , Child , Estonia , Schools , Child Development , Child, Preschool , School Teachers , Environment , Hand Strength
18.
Heliyon ; 10(11): e31368, 2024 Jun 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38828293

ABSTRACT

Although college physical education (PE) is a compulsory course in college teaching, due to the openness of assessment standards and students studying to pass the final exam, college PE has been undervalued, so this paper aims to explore the new model of college PE teaching. In response, this paper took the air volleyball course as an example and redesigned the teaching of college PE based on the theory of flipped classroom and outcomes-based education (OBE). This paper also proposed a personalised learning system for college sports based on genetic algorithm (GA) and data structure, greatly improving college PE's autonomous learning ability and willingness. In the design of the teaching model, this paper compared and analysed the teaching model combining flipped classroom and OBE with flipped classroom teaching model, OBE teaching model and traditional teaching model. A one-semester investigation was conducted by selecting 40 students who took the air volleyball PE course at Hebei Normal University for Nationalities. The 40 students were divided into four groups, and their learning after one semester was compared. The experimental results showed that, compared with the traditional teaching model group, the outcome-based education and flipped classroom education group's performance of hitting the ball, passing the ball, spiking the ball, and serving the ball increased by 3.8 %, 14.3 %, 20.8 %, and 10.3 %, respectively. This suggested that the new college physical education teaching model based on flipped classrooms and OBE has a good teaching effect and can be used as a reference and help for others.

19.
Front Public Health ; 12: 1370118, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38841659

ABSTRACT

Life satisfaction has been determined as a cognitive indicator of subjective wellbeing, a term that acquires vital relevance during adolescence as a protective factor against numerous psychological, mental and social disorders. Therefore, the objectives of this study are: (1) to evaluate differences in life satisfaction as a function of gender and school environment in Spanish children and adolescents; and (2) examine the possible associations between life satisfaction and age and/or body mass index (BMI) of the student body. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was carried out with 723 students (aged 6 to 18 years) in which the "Satisfaction with life Scale" was applied, consisting of 5 items that measure self-perception of life satisfaction. Nonparametric statistics (Mann-Whitney U test) were used to explore differences in scores according to sex and school environment, in addition to Spearman's Rho test to identify associations between scale scores and students' age and BMI. Significant differences were obtained in terms of sex in favor of the male gender, and between the two environments of the centers in favor of the rural ones. In addition, the two variables explored (age and BMI) showed significant inverse associations with life satisfaction levels. Therefore, educational interventions and policies must take this information into account to design and develop actions aimed at improving this cognitive factor.


Subject(s)
Body Mass Index , Personal Satisfaction , Physical Education and Training , Students , Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Child , Spain , Cross-Sectional Studies , Physical Education and Training/statistics & numerical data , Students/psychology , Students/statistics & numerical data , Sex Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Schools , Age Factors
20.
Wiad Lek ; 77(4): 834-840, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38865644

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Aim: The article analyzes the health-saving technologies of Ukrainians in Eastern Galicia (the end of the XIX century - 1939). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: In the investigation a number of scientific methods are used: chronological, historical, specific-search, content analysis, providing selection, analysis of the source base, allowing to identify general trends, directions of development, achievements and gaps in the movement for the health of children and adults in Galicia; sources of Ukrainian and Polish authors of different generations in the field of health protection and preservation, physical education and sports, education and upbringing were used, their views and research results were presented. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: A component of the health-saving philosophy of Ukrainians (children, youth and adults) of Eastern Galicia in the late XIX - 30s of the XX century was the idea of physical education. Through traveling and camping, playing sports, improving children, youth and adults in places of active recreation (≪dwellings,≫ ≪half-dwellings,≫ ≪cuttings,≫ etc.), the philosophy of health conservation took a leading position in the interwar period of the XX century. The physical education movement had particular successes when a wide circle of Ukrainian youth joined it. There was an original Plast method of physical education of a Ukrainian - physically, spiritually, morally, mentally healthy person, for whom health preservation is a way and philosophy of life, a vital need. All this actualizes the problem of health-oriented public initiatives, which should be creatively used in the current challenges in Ukraine.


Subject(s)
Life Style , Humans , Ukraine , Child , Adult , History, 20th Century , Adolescent , History, 19th Century , Physical Education and Training/history , Eastern European People
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