ABSTRACT
Resumen Objetivo: Conocer la dimensionalidad, la validez nomológica y la consistencia interna de la escala breve de Davidson para estrés postraumático en estudiantes de media vocacional de Santa Marta, Colombia. Metodología: En el segundo semestre de 2018, un total de 1462 estudiantes de décimo y undécimo grado, entre 13 y 17 años (M = 16,0; de = 0,8), 60,3 % de sexo femenino, diligenció la escala breve de Davidson para estrés postraumático. Se realizaron análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Se calculó la consistencia interna de la dimensión, con los coeficientes alfa de Cronbach y omega de McDonald. Resultados: En el análisis factorial exploratorio, la escala breve de Davidson para estrés postraumático mostró Kaiser-Meier-Olkin = 0,714, chi cuadrado de Barttlet = 783,3 (gl= 6; p= 0,001), y valor propio de 1,99, que explicó el 49,7 % de la varianza. En el análisis factorial confirmatorio, chi cuadrado = 5,921; gl= 2; p= 0,052; raíz del cuadrado medio del error de aproximación = 0,037 (ic 90 % 0,000-0,072); índice comparativo de ajuste = 0,995; índice de Tucker-Lewis = 0,985 residual cuadrada media estandarizada = 0,011. El alfa de Cronbach fue 0,66, y la omega de McDonald, 0,69. Conclusiones: La escala breve de Davidson para estrés postraumático es unidimensional, con aceptable consistencia interna.
Abstract Objective: To determine the dimensionality, nomological validity and internal consistency of the brief Davidson scale for post-traumatic stress in average vocational students from Santa Marta, Colombia. Methodology: In the second semester of 2018, a total of 1,462 tenth and eleventh grade students aged between 13 and 17 years old (M = 16.0; DE = 0.8), 60.3% female, filled out the brief Davidson scale for post-traumatic stress. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. The internal consistency of the dimension was calculated with Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients. Results: In the exploratory factor analysis, the brief Davidson scale for post-traumatic stress showed Kaiser-Meier-Olkin = 0.714, Barttlet's chi square = 783.3 (gl = 6; p = 0.001), and an eigenvalue of 1.99, which explained 49.7% of the variance. In the confirmatory factor analysis, chi square = 5.921; gl = 2; p = 0.052; root of the mean square of the error of approximation = 0.037 (CI 90% 0.000-0.072); comparative adjustment index = 0.955; Tucker-Lewis index = 0.985 standardized mean square residual = 0.011. Cronbach's alpha was 0.66, and McDonald's omega was 0.69. Conclusions: The brief Davidson scale for post-traumatic stress is one-dimensional, with acceptable internal consistency.
Resumo Objetivo: Conhecer a dimensionalidade, a validade nomológica e a consistência interna da escala abreviada de Davidson para estresse pós-traumático em estudantes dos últimos dois anos do ensino médio de Santa Marta, Colômbia. Metodologia: No segundo semestre de 2018, um total de 1462 alunos dos anos 10º e 11º, entre 13 e 17 anos (M = 16,0; DE = 0,8), 60,3 % de gênero feminino, preencheram a escala abreviada de Davidson para estresse pós-traumático. Análises fatorial exploratória e confirmatória foram realizadas. A consistência interna da dimensão foi calculada, com os coeficientes alfa de Cronbach e ômega de McDonald. Resultados: Na análise fatorial exploratória, a escala abreviada de Davidson para estresse pós-traumático mostrou Kaiser-Meier-Olkin = 0,714, chi quadrado de Barttlet = 783,3 (gl = 6; p = 0,001), e valor próprio de 1,99, que explicou 49,7 % da variância. Na análise fatorial confirmatória, o chi quadrado = 5,921; gl = 2; p = 0,052; raiz do quadrado médio do erro de aproximação = 0,037 (IC 90 % 0,000-0,072); Índice comparativo de ajuste = 0,995; Índice Tucker- Lewis = 0,985 residual quadrada média estandardizada = 0,011. O alfa de Cronbach foi 0,66, e o ômega do McDonald foi 0,69. Conclusões: A escala abreviada de Davidson para estresse pós-traumático é unidimensional, com consistência interna aceitável.
ABSTRACT
Collective violence in the context of armed conflict impacts the economy, health systems, and social stability of affected countries. This is considered a complex phenomenon with interwoven biological, psychological, social, cultural, and political factors. However, most of the research on this topic still lacks suitable established integrative approaches to assess multilevel perspectives. Social, cognitive and affective mental processes (SCAMP) are critical factors that should be considered in multilevel approaches. In this article, we critically discuss some of the classically isolated approaches used in violence research, the absence of successful interventions for ex-combatants reintegration, and the specific neglect of SCAMP in these interventions. We present the case of post-conflict Colombia as a unique opportunity to study the different roots of collective violence, and we call for a more robust and situated approach to understanding of and intervention in this multifaceted phenomenon. In addition, we suggest a two-stage approach for addressing ex-combatants' reintegration programs, which considers the situated nature of post-conflict scenarios and the urgent need for evidence-based interventions. This approach focuses on the comprehensive scientific assessment of specific factors involved in violence exposure and the subsequent design of successful interventions. The implementation of this approach will contribute to the effective reintegration of individuals who have been exposed to extreme violence for more than 50 years.
