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1.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr ; 95: 104425, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33979713

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyse the longitudinal association between the transition to an empty nest and depressive symptoms and loneliness, respectively. METHOD: Longitudinal data was used from the German Ageing Survey, a representative sample of community-dwelling adults aged 40 and over. The indication of children living outside the respondent's household was defined as an empty nest. A 6-item version of the validated De Jong Gierveld Loneliness scale was used to assess perceived loneliness. The 15 item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was used to measure depressive symptoms. Fixed-effects regression analyses adjusted for time-varying socio-demographic and health-related variables were applied. RESULTS: The unadjusted regression yielded that transitioning to an empty nest led to decreased loneliness in men (b =  -0.05; p < 0.05) and increased depressive symptoms in women (b =  0.48; p =  0.05). However, when controlling for potential confounders, the transition was no longer associated with a change in loneliness or depressive symptom scores. CONCLUSION: The empty nest is an expected phase of the family life cycle that most parents will experience. In this longitudinal study, this phase of the family life cycle was shown not to be associated with parents' psychosocial health in terms of loneliness and depressive symptoms. Our study suggests that the consequences of an empty nest have been overestimated in the past. Future longitudinal studies with panel regression models in different cultural settings are needed to confirm our findings.


Subject(s)
Depression , Loneliness , Adult , Aging , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle Aged , Parents , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Can J Aging ; 38(4): 468-480, 2019 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31682215

ABSTRACT

With the increase in life expectancy, many people with intellectual disabilities (ID) are living in the family home with their parents. This research focuses on the experience of 17 fathers of adults with ID. These fathers answered a questionnaire including open and closed questions. During the individual interview, fathers described their motivations to cohabit with their son or daughter, cohabitation benefits and constraints, housing options considered and planning for the future. Results indicate that fathers chose this cohabitation. However, they experience anxiety because they do not know who will support the adult with ID when they can no longer do so. Postparental planning considerations include legal concerns and informal discussions with siblings or the extended family. These results describe a complex parental situation in which there is interaction between their emotions, their attachment to the adult with ID and their previous experiences with residential, social or rehabilitation services.


Avec l'augmentation de la longévité, plusieurs personnes ayant une déficience intellectuelle (DI) vieillissent au domicile familial avec leurs parents. Cette recherche porte sur l'expérience de 17 pères d'adultes ayant une DI. Ces pères ont répondu à un questionnaire incluant des questions ouvertes et fermées en entrevue individuelle afin de décrire leurs motivations pour cohabiter avec leur fils ou leur fille ayant une DI, les bénéfices et contraintes de cette cohabitation, les services résidentiels futurs envisagés et la planification de « l'après-parents ¼. Les résultats indiquent que les pères ont choisi cette cohabitation. Ils éprouvent de l'anxiété, ignorant qui assumera le soutien auprès de l'adulte avec une DI lorsqu'ils ne pourront plus le faire. Leur planification de l'après-parents correspond à des démarches légales et à des conversations avec la fratrie ou la famille élargie. La discussion souligne la complexité de la situation où entrent en jeu les émotions des parents, leur attachement à l'adulte ayant une DI et les expériences antérieures avec les services résidentiels, sociaux ou de réadaptation.


Subject(s)
Adult Children/psychology , Fathers/psychology , Intellectual Disability/psychology , Adult , Adult Children/legislation & jurisprudence , Aged , Anxiety , Family Relations/legislation & jurisprudence , Family Relations/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Quebec , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
3.
Psicol. clín ; 25(2): 181-196, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-63621

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo objetiva conhecer o modo como pais naturais do sertão central cearense experienciam a saída de seus filhos de casa. Para atingir esse objetivo, adotou-se o método qualitativo, com estudo de caso coletivo. Participaram dessa investigação dois casais naturais do sertão central cearense que tinham, pelo menos, um filho que saiu de casa sem ter sido por conflito ou casamento não planejado. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com cada cônjuge, separadamente, sendo analisadas pelo modelo de análise de conteúdo. As categorias "Sentimentos de perda e aceitação quanto à saída dos filhos" e "Mudanças nas relações conjugal e parental" foram identificadas e discutidas. Considera-se que a transição da pós-parentalidade, também conhecida pela literatura como "fase ou síndrome do ninho vazio", é um fenômeno normativo no desenvolvimento familiar, no qual o contexto tem relativa importância, mas que não ocasiona necessariamente psicopatologias na família.(AU)


The present study aims at investigating how birth parents from Central Ceará backcountry feel about their childrens' leaving from home. In order to achieve that goal a qualitative collective case study method has been adopted. Study participants were couples from Central Ceará backcountry with at least one child having left home for other reasons than conflict or non-planned marriage. With each partner there have been done semi-structured and separate interviews, which afterwards have been analysed by means of content analysis model. Categories, such as "Sense of loss and feelings of acceptance towards their childrens' leaving", as well as "Changes in Marital and Parental Relations" have been identified and discussed. The postparental transition, also called "empty nest period or empty nest syndrome" within specialized literature, shows to be a normative phenomenon in the realm of family development, being then context of relative importance, but not necessarily leading to family psychopathology.(AU)


El presente estudio pretende descubrir cómo los padres naturales del sertón central del Ceará viven la experiencia de la salida de sus hijos de su casa. Se eligió el método cualitativo con estudio de caso colectivo para lograr este objetivo. Participaron en esta investigación dos parejas del sertón central del Ceará que tienen al menos un hijo que se fue de casa sin que la razón haya sido un conflicto o boda imprevista. Las entrevistas semi-estructuradas se realizaron con cada cónyuge, por separado, siendo analizados por el modelo de análisis de contenido. Las categorías "Los sentimientos de pérdida y la aceptación como la salida de los niños" y "Cambios en las relaciones conyugales y parentales" se identificaron y discutieron. Se considera que la transición de post-parentalidad, también conocida en la literatura como "fase o síndrome del nido vacío", es un fenómeno normativo en el desarrollo de la familia, en la cual el contexto tiene una importancia relativa, pero que no causa necesariamente psicopatologías en la familia.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Parenting , Family Relations , Parent-Child Relations , Family/psychology , Qualitative Research , Loneliness/psychology
4.
Psicol. clín ; 25(2): 181-196, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-699184

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo objetiva conhecer o modo como pais naturais do sertão central cearense experienciam a saída de seus filhos de casa. Para atingir esse objetivo, adotou-se o método qualitativo, com estudo de caso coletivo. Participaram dessa investigação dois casais naturais do sertão central cearense que tinham, pelo menos, um filho que saiu de casa sem ter sido por conflito ou casamento não planejado. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com cada cônjuge, separadamente, sendo analisadas pelo modelo de análise de conteúdo. As categorias "Sentimentos de perda e aceitação quanto à saída dos filhos" e "Mudanças nas relações conjugal e parental" foram identificadas e discutidas. Considera-se que a transição da pós-parentalidade, também conhecida pela literatura como "fase ou síndrome do ninho vazio", é um fenômeno normativo no desenvolvimento familiar, no qual o contexto tem relativa importância, mas que não ocasiona necessariamente psicopatologias na família.


The present study aims at investigating how birth parents from Central Ceará backcountry feel about their childrens' leaving from home. In order to achieve that goal a qualitative collective case study method has been adopted. Study participants were couples from Central Ceará backcountry with at least one child having left home for other reasons than conflict or non-planned marriage. With each partner there have been done semi-structured and separate interviews, which afterwards have been analysed by means of content analysis model. Categories, such as "Sense of loss and feelings of acceptance towards their childrens' leaving", as well as "Changes in Marital and Parental Relations" have been identified and discussed. The postparental transition, also called "empty nest period or empty nest syndrome" within specialized literature, shows to be a normative phenomenon in the realm of family development, being then context of relative importance, but not necessarily leading to family psychopathology.


El presente estudio pretende descubrir cómo los padres naturales del sertón central del Ceará viven la experiencia de la salida de sus hijos de su casa. Se eligió el método cualitativo con estudio de caso colectivo para lograr este objetivo. Participaron en esta investigación dos parejas del sertón central del Ceará que tienen al menos un hijo que se fue de casa sin que la razón haya sido un conflicto o boda imprevista. Las entrevistas semi-estructuradas se realizaron con cada cónyuge, por separado, siendo analizados por el modelo de análisis de contenido. Las categorías "Los sentimientos de pérdida y la aceptación como la salida de los niños" y "Cambios en las relaciones conyugales y parentales" se identificaron y discutieron. Se considera que la transición de post-parentalidad, también conocida en la literatura como "fase o síndrome del nido vacío", es un fenómeno normativo en el desarrollo de la familia, en la cual el contexto tiene una importancia relativa, pero que no causa necesariamente psicopatologías en la familia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Case Reports , Family Relations , Family/psychology , Parent-Child Relations , Parenting , Qualitative Research , Loneliness/psychology
5.
Arch. Clin. Psychiatry (Impr.) ; 36(3): 112-121, 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-523760

ABSTRACT

CONTEXTO: A síndrome do ninho vazio é mencionada com frequência na literatura como o período de mudanças na vida do casal após a saída dos filhos de casa. OBJETIVOS: A finalidade deste artigo é rever os conceitos aplicados à síndrome do ninho vazio, verificar sua aplicabilidade nos dias de hoje, bem como suas particularidades em diferentes culturas. MÉTODO: Revisou-se a literatura disponível sobre a síndrome do ninho vazio utilizando as bases de dados MedLine e PsycINFO. RESULTADO: O período da síndrome do ninho vazio acontece junto com diversas mudanças, como a aposentadoria e a menopausa, o que pode agravar sentimentos de depressão e baixa autoestima. Além disso, fatores sociais e culturais influenciam no aparecimento e na intensidade da síndrome. CONCLUSÃO: Os estudos sobre a síndrome do ninho vazio apresentam limitações e há lacuna de estudos metodologicamente apropriados para que se possa validá-la no contexto brasileiro.


BACKGROUND: The empty nest syndrome is frequently mentioned in the literature as a period of change in the couples' lives, after children leaving home. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this article is to review the conceptual notions related to empty nest syndrome, to verify its current applicability, as well as its peculiarities in different cultures. METHOD: We reviewed the available literature on the empty nest syndrome using the MedLine and PsycINFO databases. RESULT: The empty nest syndrome period occurs along with several changes such as retirement and menopause which can exacerbate feelings of depression and low self-esteem. In addition, social and cultural factors potentially influence the emergence and intensity of the syndrome. CONCLUSION: Studies on the empty nest syndrome have limitations and there is a gap of studies methodologically appropriate in our country to validate it in the Brazilian context.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Life Change Events , Middle Aged/psychology , Nuclear Family/psychology , Quality of Life , Family Relations , Parent-Child Relations , Personal Satisfaction , Loneliness/psychology
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