ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Backpacks are an efficient way of manual carriage used by people of all ages, and is commonly used by schoolchildren. Carrying heavy backpacks may result in cumulative trauma later in life due to biomechanical adaptations during gait. Gait parameters are known to be sensitive to force vectors, which can be altered by load carrying. This study attempts to find the most favorable backpack weight using gait changes as an indicator. METHODS: This was an observational study conducted on twenty typically developing boys aged between 9 and 14 years. Gait analysis was done using standard recommendations, with increasing backpack loads with respect to their body weights. Gait cycles were captured using video cameras and analyzed using Kinovea0.8.25 motion analyzing software. RESULTS: As the backpack load increased, significant kinematic changes were noted in the child's ankle, knee, and hip joints. These changes were evident when the backpack load increased beyond 15% of their body weight. CONCLUSIONS: This study concludes that the optimum weight that can be carried without having an impact on dynamic posture will be less than 15% of the body weight.
Subject(s)
Gait , Walking , Adolescent , Biomechanical Phenomena , Child , Humans , Male , Schools , Weight-BearingABSTRACT
Adolescentes diagnosticados com desvios da coluna vertebral são orientados a realizar exercícios físicos, com o propósito de amenizar os problemas de postura. Dentre esses exercícios, a prática da natação é preconizada por proporcionar benefícios preventivos com mínimas restrições para todas as faixas etárias. Nesse sentido, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a efetividade de um programa de exercícios físicos regulares de natação, exercícios de fortalecimento e alongamento para a região lombar e abdominal em adolescentes da cidade de Mandaguari-Paraná. A amostra foi composta por 8 adolescentes do sexo feminino, com idades entre 11 e 15 anos. Os sujeitos foram divididos em dois grupos, aleatoriamente, sendo que o grupo 1 foi submetido a um programa de natação com exercícios sistematizados para reeducação postural e o grupo 2 realizou exercícios convencionais de natação. Ambos os grupos participaram de 16 semanas de intervenção, 2 vezes por semana e com duração de 45 minutos cada sessão. Os resultados demonstraram que o grupo 1 apresentou melhora em todas as regiões da coluna vertebral e o grupo 2 demonstrou melhora apenas nas regiões da coluna dorsal, lombar, região do abdômen e quadril. Conclui-se que o programa de exercícios físicos regulares de natação foi efetivo na reeducação postural de adolescentes com desvio postural.
Adolescents diagnosed with deviations of the spine are instructed to perform physical exercises, with the purpose of easing posture problems. Among these exercises, swimming is recommended since it provides preventive benefits with minimal restrictions for all age groups. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a regular swimming program, strengthening and stretching exercises for the lower back and abdominal region in adolescents in the city of Mandaguari - Paraná. The sample was composed of 8 female adolescents, aged between 11 and 15 years. The individuals were randomly divided into two groups, where group 1 was submitted to a swimming program with systematic exercises for postural re-education and group 2 held conventional swimming exercises. Both groups participated during 16 weeks in the program, with sessions twice a week for 45 minutes each. The results demonstrated that group 1 showed improvement in all regions of the spine and group 2 showed improvement only in the regions of the dorsal, lumbar spine, abdominal region and hip. It can be concluded that regular swimming program was effective in postural re-education of adolescents with postural deviation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Exercise , Posture , Spine , SwimmingABSTRACT
This study aimed to verify through postural assessment proposed by Kendall, McCreary and Provance (1990),the prevalence of postural alignment of elementary school students of both sexes, aged between seven andten years. For the definition of the survey, was chosen a private school in the city of Hortolandia - SP wereevaluated in 201 schools. The methodology was the demarcation of the spinous processes of the cervical,thoracic and lumbar vertebrae of the students were evaluated after posterior and lateral views. Data weretabulated and treated statistically. The results showed a high incidence in postural deviations and asymmetriescompared to existing research. It was observed that boys showed an incidence of kyphosis and lordosis higherthan girls and that scoliosis is present in more girls.
