Predictors of systolic function recovery after atrial fibrillation ablation in heart failure patients.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) often coexist. AF catheter ablation improves left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), but its impact varies between patients. We aimed to identify predictors of LVEF improvement in HF patients with impaired LVEF undergoing AF ablation. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective single-center study in HF patients with LVEF <50% undergoing AF catheter ablation between May 2016 and May 2022. The primary endpoint was the LVEF recovery rate ('responders'). Secondary endpoints were one-year safety and effectiveness. We also aimed to validate a prediction model for LVEF recovery. RESULTS: The study included 100 patients (79% male, median age 60 years, 70% with probable tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy [TIC], mean LVEF 37%, 29% with paroxysmal AF). After a median follow-up of 12 months after catheter ablation, LVEF improved significantly (36±10% vs. 53±10%, p<0.001), with an 82% responder rate. A suspected diagnosis of TIC (OR 4.916 [95% CI 1.166-20.732], p=0.030), shorter QRS duration (OR 0.969 [95% CI 0.945-0.994], p=0.015), and smaller left ventricle (OR 0.893 [95% CI 0.799-0.999], p=0.049) were independently associated with LVEF improvement. Freedom from any documented atrial arrhythmia was 86% (64% under antiarrhythmic drugs), and the rate of adverse events was 2%. The prediction model had a good discriminative performance (AUC 0.814 [95% CI 0.681-0.947]). CONCLUSION: In AF patients with HF and impaired LVEF, suspected TIC, shorter QRS duration, and smaller LV diameter were associated with LVEF recovery following AF catheter ablation.

Prevalence and predictors of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension following severe forms of acute pulmonary embolism.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The true prevalence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) after pulmonary embolism (PE) in the Portuguese population remains unknown. We aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of CTEPH two years after a symptomatic high- (HR) or intermediate-high risk (IHR) PE. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted with PE between 2014 and 2019 to a Portuguese referral center for pulmonary hypertension. RESULTS: In this single-center registry of 969 patients admitted with PE (annual incidence of 46/100000 population), 194 had HR (5.4%) and IHR (14.7%) PE. After excluding patients who died or had no follow-up in the first three months, 129 patients were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of suspected CTEPH by clinical assessment, Doppler echocardiography and V/Q lung scan was 6.2% (eight patients). CTEPH was confirmed by right heart catheterization in four of these (3.1%). Increased pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) at admission (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.04-1.22; p=0.005) and the presence of varicose veins in the lower limbs (OR 7.47; 95% CI 1.53-36.41; p=0.013) were predictors of CTEPH. PASP >60 mmHg at admission identified patients with CTEPH at follow-up with sensitivity and specificity of 83.3% and 76.3%, respectively. All patients diagnosed with CTEPH had at least two radiological findings suggestive of CTEPH at the index event. CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort, the prevalence of CTEPH in survivors of severe forms of acute PE was 6.2%. PASP above 60 mmHg and supporting radiological findings on the index computed tomography scan are highly suggestive of acute-on-chronic CTEPH.

Predictors of Mortality and Functional recovery after severe traumatic brain injury: protocol for a prospective cohort study

Introduction: traumatic brain injury is a global public health problem due to its severity and high rates of morbimortality worldwide. Identifying predictors associated with increased mortality and unfavorable functional outcomes after the traumatic brain injury event is crucial for minimizing morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, this study aims to establish a protocol to investigate the predictors of mortality and functional recovery after severe traumatic brain injury in Brazil.Methods: The study will include all patients admitted for severe traumatic brain injury (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤ 8) at the State Hospital of Urgency and Emergency, which is the referral trauma hospital of Espirito Santo. The outcomes of interest are hospital mortality and functional recovery 24 months after hospital discharge. Subjects will be followed up at seventy-two hours, three months, six months, twelve months, and twenty-four months after the trauma. Morbidity will be determined by assessing: 1) the level of motor and cognitive disability, 2) functional impairment and quality of life, and 3) aspects of rehabilitation treatment. Additionally, the traumatic brain injury load, estimated by the years of life lost, will be calculated. Discussion: the results of this study will help identify variables that can predict morbidity and mortality, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Furthermore, the findings will have practical implications for: 1) the development of public policies, 2) investments in hospital infrastructure 3) understanding the socioeconomic impact of functional loss in the individuals.Study registration: the study received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Espirito Santo under protocol number 4.222.002 on August 18, 2020.

Introdução: traumatismo cranioencefálico é um problema global de saúde pública devido à sua gravidade e altas taxas de morbimortalidade em todo o mundo. Identificar preditores associados ao aumento da mortalidade e desfechos funcionais desfavoráveis após o evento do traumatismo craniencefálico é primordial para minimizar as taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Portanto, este estudo tem como objetivo estabelecer um protocolo para investigar os preditores de mortalidade e recuperação funcional após traumatismo cranioencefálico grave no Brasil. Métodos: este estudo tem como objetivo investigar os preditores de mortalidade e recuperação funcional em pacientes com traumatismo cranioencefálico, além de fornecer uma visão geral do traumatismo cranioencefálico no estado do Espírito Santo. O estudo abrangerá todos os pacientes internados por traumatismo cranioencefálico grave (Escala de Coma de Glasgow ≤ 8) no Hospital Estadual de Urgência e Emergência, o hospital de referência para traumas no Espírito Santo. Os desfechos de interesse incluem mortalidade hospitalar e recuperação funcional após 24 meses da alta hospitalar. Os participantes serão acompanhados em setenta e duas horas, três meses, seis meses, doze meses e vinte e quatro meses após o trauma. A morbidade será determinada pela avaliação de: 1) nível de incapacidade motora e cognitiva, 2) comprometimento funcional e qualidade de vida, e 3) aspectos do tratamento e reabilitação. Além disso, a carga de traumatismo cranioencefálico, estimada em anos de vida perdidos, será calculada. Discussão: os resultados deste estudo ajudarão a identificar variáveis que podem predizer a morbidade e a mortalidade após traumatismo cranioencefálico grave. Além disso, as descobertas terão implicações práticas para: 1) o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas, 2) investimentos em infraestrutura hospitalar e 3) compreensão do impacto socioeconômico da perda funcional nesses indivíduos. Registro do estudo: o estudo recebeu aprovação do Comitê de Ética da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo sob o número de protocolo 4.222.002 em 18 de agosto de 2020

One-year mortality after hospitalization for acute heart failure: Predicting factors (PRECIC study subanalysis).

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: One-year mortality after hospitalization for heart failure (HF) is high. This study aims to identify predictive factors of one-year mortality. METHODS: This is a retrospective, single-center and observational study. All patients hospitalized for acute HF during one year were enrolled. RESULTS: A total of 429 patients were enrolled, mean age of 79 years. The in-hospital and one-year all-cause mortality rates were 7.9% and 34.3%, respectively. In the univariable analysis, the factors significantly associated with higher one-year mortality risk were: age ≥80 years (odds ratio (OR)=2.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35-3.11, p=0.001); active cancer (OR=2.93, 95% CI 1.36-6.32, p=0.008); dementia (OR=2.84, 95% CI 1.81-4.47, p<0.001); functional dependency (OR=2.63, 95% CI 1.65-4.19, p<0.001); atrial fibrillation (OR=1.86, 95% CI 1.24-2.80, p=0.004); higher creatinine (OR=2.03, 95% CI 1.29-3.21, p=0.002), urea (OR=2.92, 95% CI 1.95-4.36, p<0.001) and red cell distribution width (RDW; 4thQ OR=5.59, 95% CI 3.03-10.32, p=0.001); and lower hematocrit (OR=0.94, 95% CI 0.91-0.97, p<0.001), hemoglobin (OR=0.83, 95% CI 0.75-0.92, p<0.001) and platelet distribution width (PDW; OR=0.89, 95% CI 0.82-0.97, p=0.005). In the multivariable analysis, the independent predictors of higher one-year mortality risk were: age ≥80 years (OR=2.05, 95% CI 1.21-3.48); active cancer (OR=2.70, 95% CI 1.03-7.01); dementia (OR=2.69, 95% CI 1.53-4.74); higher urea (OR=2.97, 95% CI 1.84-4.80) and RDW (4thQ OR=5.24, 95% CI 2.55-10.76); and lower PDW (OR=0.88, 95% CI 0.80-0.97). CONCLUSIONS: Active cancer, dementia, and high values for urea and RDW at admission are predictors of one-year mortality in patients hospitalized for HF. These variables are readily available at admission and can support the clinical management of HF patients.

Tratamento dos transtornos alimentares: perfil sociodemográfico, desfechos e fatores associados / Eating disorders treatment: sociodemographic profile, outcomes and associated factors

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil dos pacientes com transtornos alimentares (TAs) atendidos por um serviço especializado e investigar os fatores associados ao desfecho do tratamento. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, realizado com dados de pacientes com TAs que fizeram seguimento em um serviço especializado, desde a sua criação, em 1982, até 2019. Foram coletadas informações, nos prontuários médicos, referentes ao primeiro atendimento, de natureza sociodemográfica, clínica e antropométrica, e ao desfecho do tratamento. Resultados: Foram incluídos 271 pacientes. A amostra foi predominantemente do sexo feminino (89,7%), com idade média de 21,5 ± 9 anos, sem companheiro (86,9%) e diagnóstico de anorexia nervosa (AN) (65,7%), e o índice de massa corporal mais frequente foi de magreza (53,9%). A metade dos indivíduos tinha comorbidades psiquiátricas (50,6%), e 88,5% dos pacientes (n = 100) dos 113 prontuários com essa informação realizaram tratamento anterior. O tempo médio de tratamento foi de 2,16 ± 3,25 anos (1 mês a 40 anos). O abandono foi o desfecho terapêutico mais prevalente na amostra (68,3%). O maior tempo de tratamento e a realização de tratamento anterior reduziram a taxa de abandono, de forma significativa (p = 0,0001 e p = 0,0101, respectivamente). Para os pacientes com diagnóstico de transtorno de personalidade, a média de encaminhamento/inassistência foi 4,47 vezes maior (p = 0,0003). Conclusões: O perfil dos pacientes foi composto por mulheres adultas jovens, estudantes, sem companheiro, com AN, magreza e comorbidades psiquiátricas. A taxa de abandono foi elevada, e os fatores associados foram o tempo de tratamento e a realização de tratamento anterior. Além disso, transtornos de personalidade foram associados a encaminhamento para outro serviço e alta por inassistência.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the profile of patients with eating disorders (ED) treated by a specialized service and to investigate the factors associated with the treatment outcome. Methods: Retrospective study, with data from patients with ED who were followed up at a specialized service, since its creation, in 1982, until 2019. Information of a sociodemographic, clinical, anthropometric nature and the outcome of the treatment were collected from the medical records regarding the first consultation. Results: Two hundred and seventy one patients were included. The sample was predominantly female (89.7%), with a mean age of 21.5 ± 9 years, without a partner (86.9%), diagnosis of anorexia nervosa (AN) (65.7%) and the most frequent body mass index was thinness (53.9%). Half of the individuals had psychiatric comorbidities (50.6%) and 88.5% (n = 100) of the 113 medical records with this information had undergone previous treatment. The mean treatment time was 2.16 ± 3.25 years (1 month to 40 years). Dropout was the most prevalent therapeutic outcome in the sample (68.3%). Longer treatment time and having undergone previous treatment significantly reduced the dropout rate (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0101, respectively). For patients diagnosed with a personality disorder, the mean referral/lack of assistance was 4.47 times higher (p = 0.0003). Conclusions: The patients' profile consisted of young adult women, students, single, with AN, thinness and psychiatric comorbidities. The dropout rate was high, and the predictors associated with this outcome were treatment time and previous treatment for ED. In addition, personality disorders were associated with referral to another service and discharge due to lack of assistance.

Nutritional assessment of servicemen in relation to area of duty and feeding habits: a Pakistani prospective

Abstract The present study was carried out to determine incidence of overweight and obesity in Pakistani servicemen with reference to their area of duty, feeding habits and also to identify risk factors. Accordingly, 2,501 servicemen selected from all over Pakistan using multiple stage stratified sampling protocol. Nutrition assessment performed using body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and dietary assessment using food frequency questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed using the SPSS version 25. Regression was used to find risk factors of obesity and WHR. Results indicated that about 1/4th of servicemen were smokers. Approximately, 1/5th of them were overweight and about one quarter were eating fruits and vegetables for 3 days/ week and 4 days/week, respectively. Only 1/3rd of them were physically active for at least 40 minutes per day. Age and fruits intake were significantly predicting BMI with a direct relation and vegetable intake was negatively correlated to BMI of the servicemen. Age and rank were significant predictors of WHR while, physical activity was negatively correlated to WHR. It is concluded and suggested from our study that there is a need to modify eating patterns and habits as well as improving physical activity on daily basis for healthy and long life of the servicemen.

Resumo

Relatório de Estágio / Internship Report

Em Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar, a translação da teoria para a prática é considerada essencial para o desenvolvimento de competências de enfermagem. Em particular, o envolvimento da família nos cuidados de enfermagem é cada vez mais defendido por peritos da academia e praxis clínica. Todavia, os enfermeiros mantêm diversas atitudes quanto ao envolvimento das famílias. Apesar de a investigação identificar vários preditores destas atitudes, a evidência ainda é escassa e dispersa na literatura científica. OBJETIVOS: analisar as competências desenvolvidas no estágio do curso de mestreado em Enfermagem Comunitária na área da Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar e identificar preditores das atitudes dos enfermeiros quanto à importância da família nos cuidados de enfermagem. METODOLOGIA: Efetuou-se uma análise crítica sobre as competências desenvolvidas em estágio e uma revisão sistemática da literatura. A revisão incluiu estudos analíticos publicados entre outubro de 2016 e setembro de 2021, que identificaram preditores das atitudes dos enfermeiros, recorrendo à escala Families' Importance in Nursing Care ­ Nurses' Attitudes e a análises de regressão. A pesquisa foi efetuada através dos motores de busca da B-ON e EBSCOHost, sendo os estudos triados de acordo com o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis 2020 Statement. A qualidade metodológica foi aferida com a checklist de avaliação crítica para estudos transversais do Joanna Briggs Institute e os dados foram extraídos e resumidos em tabelas e na forma de síntese narrativa. RESULTADOS: O estágio permitiu desenvolver as competências do enfermeiro especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar. O acervo da revisão inclui 4 estudos, abrangendo um total de 1894 enfermeiros. Estes estudos apresentam uma considerável diversidade metodológica entre si. Os preditores mais consensuais foram o contexto de trabalho, as políticas centradas na família e a zona geográfica. CONCLUSÃO: As atitudes dos enfermeiros parecem variar com a zona geográfica, contexto de trabalho e políticas centradas na família. Contudo, a diversidade metodológica e a disparidade de resultados realçam a necessidade de mais investigação para fundamentar a prática clínica em enfermagem de saúde familiar e promover o desenvolvimento de competências específicas, particularmente o envolvimento das famílias nos cuidados de enfermagem.

In Family Health Nursing, the translation of theory into practice is considered essential for the development of nursing competencies. In particular, family involvement in nursing care is increasingly advocated by experts in academia and clinical praxis. However, nurses maintain diverse attitudes towards family involvement. Although research identifies several predictors of these attitudes, evidence is still scarce and scattered in the scientific literature. OBJECTIVES: To analyse the competencies developed during the internship of the Master's Degree in Community Nursing in the area of Family Health Nursing and identify predictors of nurses' attitudes towards the importance of the family in nursing care. METHODOLOGY: A critical analysis of the competencies developed during the internship and a systematic literature review were performed. The review included analytical studies published between October 2016 and September 2021, which identified predictors of nurses' attitudes using the Families' Importance in Nursing Care - Nurses' Attitudes scale and regression analysis. The search was performed through the B-ON and EBSCOHost search engines, and the studies were screened according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis 2020 Statement. Methodological quality was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for cross-sectional studies and data were extracted and summarised in tables and in the form of narrative synthesis. RESULTS: The internship allowed developing the competencies of the specialist nurse in Family Health Nursing. The review includes 4 studies covering a total of 1894 nurses. These studies show a considerable methodological diversity between them. The most consensual predictors were the work context, family-centred policies and geographical area. CONCLUSION: Nurses' attitudes seem to vary with geographical area, work context and family-centred policies. However, the methodological diversity and the disparity of results highlight the need for further research to inform clinical practice in family health nursing and promote the development of specific skills, particularly the involvement of families in nursing care.

Depression, somatization, and sleep disorders as risk factors for temporomandibular disorders development: a population-based case-control study / Depressão, somatização e distúrbios do sono como fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de disfunções temporomandibulares: um estudo de controle de casos baseado na população / Depresión, somatización y trastornos del sueño como factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de trastornos temporomandibulares: un estudio de casos y controles de base poblacional

The objective of this study was to determine the association between temporomandibular disorders (TMD) with depression, somatization and sleep disorders in the city of Maringá, Brazil. A total of 1,643 participants were selected from the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Of these, the test group consisted of 84 participants who had moderate or severe limitations due to TMD pain and the control group consisted of 1,048 participants with no pain. There was a highly statistically significant difference (p<0.001) between cases and controls regarding depression (82.1 versus 37.4%), somatization (84.5 versus 31.4%), and sleep disorders (84.6 versus 36.4%), in moderate to severe levels. The levels of moderate to severe depression, somatization and sleep disorders were significantly higher in TMD subjects with high TMD pain disability. The risk of developing TMD increased 4 to 5 times when the individual has moderate to severe levels of depression, somatization, and sleep disorders.

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a associação entre disfunções temporomandibulares (DTM) com depressão, somatização e distúrbios do sono na cidade de Maringá, Brasil. Foram selecionados 1.643 participantes atendidos no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Desses, o grupo caso foi formado por 84 participantes que apresentaram limitações moderada ou grave devido à dor na DTM e o grupo controle foi formado por 1.048 participantes com ausência de dor. Verificou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa (p<0,001) entre casos e controles em relação à depressão (82,1 versus 37,4%), somatização (84,5 versus 31,4%) e distúrbios do sono (84,6 versus 36,4%), em níveis moderados a graves. Os níveis de depressão moderada a grave, somatização e distúrbios do sono foram significativamente mais altos em indivíduos com DTM com alta incapacidade devido à dor por DTM. O risco de desenvolver DTM aumentou quatro a cinco vezes quando o indivíduo apresenta níveis moderados a graves de depressão, somatização e distúrbios do sono.

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la asociación entre los trastornos temporomandibulares (TMD) con la depresión, la somatización y los trastornos del sueño en la ciudad de Maringá, Brasil. Un total de 1.643 participantes fueron seleccionados del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) de Brasil. (SUS). De estos, el grupo de casos fue formado por 84 participantes que presentaban limitaciones moderadas o graves debido al dolor TMD y el grupo de control estaba formado por 1.048 participantes sin dolor. Hubo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p <0,001) entre casos y controles con respecto a depresión (82,1 frente a 37,4%), somatización (84,5 frente a 31,4%) y trastornos del sueño (84,6 frente a 36,4%), en niveles moderados a severos. Los niveles de depresión moderada a grave, somatización y trastornos del sueño fueron significativamente más altos en personas con TMD con alta discapacidad por dolor en TMD. El riesgo de desarrollar TMD aumenta de 4 a 5 veces cuando el individuo tiene niveles moderados a severos de depresión, somatización y trastornos del sueño.

Perfil e curso do tratamento de pacientes atendidos em um serviço especializado em transtornos alimentares / Profile and course of treatment of patients with eating disorders treated in a specialized service

O curso do tratamento dos transtornos alimentares (TA) tende a evoluir com minoria dos pacientes atingindo remissão do quadro clínico e mantendo a recuperação ao longo da vida. Fatores de diversas naturezas impactam no prognóstico dessas situações, sem consenso sobre os indicadores mais favoráveis, além da inexistência de dados nacionais sobre essa temática. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil dos pacientes com TA atendidos por um serviço especializado e investigar os fatores associados ao desfecho do tratamento. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza transversal, de caráter retrospectivo, descritivo, exploratório com delineamento quantitativo realizado com dados de todos os pacientes com TA que fizeram seguimento pelo Grupo de Assistência em Transtornos Alimentares do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, da Universidade de São Paulo (GRATA-HC-FMRP-USP) desde a sua criação, em 1982, até 2019. Foram coletadas informações, nos prontuários médicos, referentes ao primeiro atendimento, de natureza sociodemográfica, clínica, antropométrica e bioquímica, e o desfecho do tratamento. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva pelo programa SPSS versão 22.0. Para verificar a associação entre as variáveis categóricas, foi utilizado o teste Qui-Quadrado ou o teste exato de Fisher; para relacionar as variáveis numéricas, o teste de Kruskal-Wallis e para os testes de regressão logística de Poisson com variância robusta, foi utilizado o R Core Team versão 4.0.1, cujo nível de significância foi de 0.05. Como resultados, foram localizados 271 prontuários elegíveis para a pesquisa, cuja amostra foi predominantemente feminina (89,7%), considerada jovem (21,5±9 anos), solteira (86,9%%), com diagnóstico de anorexia nervosa (AN) (65,7%), seguido por BN (21,4%), que apresentava magreza (56,3%), e com média de Índice de Massa Corporal-IMC no limite mínimo da normalidade (18,5±5,3Kg/m²), com hipercolesterolemia (45,9%), e níveis inadequados de albumina e vitamina C (46,8% e 73,1%, respectivamente). A metade dos indivíduos tinha comorbidades psiquiátricas (50,6%) e 88,5% (n=100) dos 113 prontuários com essa informação, realizaram tratamento anterior. O tempo médio de tratamento foi de 26,8±39,1 meses (1 a 480 meses). O abandono foi o desfecho terapêutico mais prevalente na amostra (68,3%), seguido de alta hospitalar (22,5%). O menor tempo de tratamento e não ter realizado tratamento anterior influenciaram significativamente o abandono (p=0,0001 e p=0,0101, respectivamente). Para aqueles pacientes que foram encaminhados para outros serviços ou receberam alta por não seguirem as orientações (inassistência), houve relação com ferro sérico baixo (p=0,0398) e o diagnóstico de transtorno de personalidade (p=0,0003). Como conclusão, o perfil dos pacientes atendidos pelo serviço representa características sociodemográficas, clinicas e nutricionais da AN. A taxa de abandono foi elevada e os preditores associados a esse desfecho foram o tempo de tratamento e a realização de tratamento anterior para o TA. Espera-se que esses achados possam subsidiar o aprimoramento da prática clínica com a sugestão de alvos terapêuticos específicos na busca de melhor prognóstico para essas graves doenças mentais

The course of treatment for eating disorders (ED) tends to evolve with a minority of patients reaching remission of the clinical condition and maintaining recovery throughout life. Factors of different natures impact the prognosis of these situations, with no consensus on the most favorable indicators, besides the lack of national data on this topic. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the profile of patients with ED treated by a specialized service and investigate the factors associated with the treatment outcome. This is a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive, exploratory study with a quantitative design performed with data from all patients with ED who were followed up by the Assistance Group for Eating Disorders of the Clinical Hospital from Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (GRATA-HC-FMRP-USP) since its creation, 1982, until 2019. Sociodemographic, clinical, anthropometric, biochemical and the treatment outcome information was collected from the medical records concerning the first appointment. Data were descriptively analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. To verify the association between categorical variables, the Chi-Square test or Fisher's exact test was used; to relate the numerical variables, the Kruskal-Wallis test and for the Poisson logistic regression tests with robust variance, the R Core Team version 4.0.1 was used, whose significance level was 0.05. The data on the 271 eligible medical records located, indicated a sample predominantly female (89.7%), considered young (21.5±9 years), single (86.9%), diagnosed with AN (65 .7%), followed by BN (21.4%), who was thin (56.3%), and with an average body mass index-BMI at the minimum limit of normality (18.5±5.3Kg/m²), with hypercholesterolemia (45.9%), and inadequate levels of Albumin and Vitamin C (46.8% and 73.1%, respectively). Half of the individuals had psychiatric comorbidities (50.6%) and 88.5% (n=100) of the 113 records with this data, had undergone previous treatment. Mean treatment time was 26.8±39.1 months (1 to 480 months). Dropout was the most prevalent therapeutic outcome the sample (68.3%), followed by hospital discharge (22.5%). The results suggest that the shorter duration of treatment and not having undergone previous treatment significantly influenced dropout (p=0.0001 and p=0.0101, respectively). For those patients who were referred to other services or were discharged for not following the orientations (non-attendance), there was a relationship with low serum iron (p=0.0398) and a diagnosis of personality disorder (p=0.0003). In conclusion, the profile of patients assisted by the service represents AN's sociodemographic, clinical and nutritional characteristics. The dropout rate was high and the predictors associated with this outcome were the length of treatment and previous treatment for ED. It is expected that these findings may support the improvement of clinical practice with the suggestion of specific therapeutic targets in the pursuit for a better prognosis for these serious mental illnesses

Intraoperative oliguria does not predict postoperative acute kidney injury in major abdominal surgery: a cohort analysis / A oligúria intraoperatória não prediz lesão renal aguda pós-operatória em grandes cirurgias abdominais: Análise de uma coorte

Abstract Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Several studies investigating the association between intraoperative urine output and postoperative AKI have shown conflicting results. Here, we investigated the association of intraoperative oliguria with postoperative AKI in a cohort of patients submitted to elective major abdominal surgery. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective analysis of adult patients who underwent elective major abdominal surgery from January 2016 to December 2018. AKI was defined according to the serum creatinine criteria of the KDIGO classification. Intraoperative oliguria was defined as urine output of less than 0.5 mL/kg/h. Risk factors were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 165 patients were analyzed. In the first 48 h after surgery the incidence of AKI was 19.4%. Postoperative AKI was associated with hospital mortality (p=0.011). Twenty percent of patients developed intraoperative oliguria. There was no association between preexisting comorbidities and development of intraoperative oliguria. There was no correlation between the type of anesthesia used and occurrence of intraoperative oliguria, but longer anesthesia time was associated with intraoperative oliguria (p=0.007). Higher baseline SCr (p=0.001), need of vasoactive drugs (p=0.007), and NSAIDs use (p=0.022) were associated with development of intraoperative oliguria. Intraoperative oliguria was not associated with development of postoperative AKI (p=0.772), prolonged hospital stays (p=0.176) or in-hospital mortality (p=0.820). Conclusion: In this cohort of patients we demonstrated that intraoperative oliguria does not predict postoperative AKI in major abdominal surgery.

Resumo Introdução: Lesão renal aguda (LRA) é uma complicação comum em pacientes submetidos a grandes cirurgias abdominais, e está associada a considerável morbimortalidade. Vários estudos investigando a associação entre débito urinário intraoperatório e LRA pós-operatória mostraram resultados conflitantes. Neste trabalho investigamos a associação de oligúria intraoperatória com LRA pós-operatória em uma coorte de pacientes submetidos à grandes cirurgias abdominais. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva de centro único envolvendo pacientes adultos submetidos à grandes cirurgias abdominais, de janeiro de 2016 a dezembro de 2018. A LRA foi definida segundo critérios de creatinina da KDIGO. Definimos oligúria intraoperatória como débito urinário inferior a 0,5 mL/kg/h. Fatores de risco foram avaliados por análise de regressão logística multivariada. Resultados: Analisamos 165 pacientes. Nas primeiras 48 horas após a cirurgia, a incidência de LRA foi de 19,4%. LRA pós-operatória foi associada à mortalidade hospitalar (p = 0,011). 20% dos pacientes desenvolveram oligúria intraoperatória, sem associação com comorbidades preexistentes. Não houve correlação entre o tipo de anestesia e oligúria intraoperatória; entretanto, maior tempo de anestesia esteve associado à oligúria intraoperatória (p = 0,007). Maior creatinina sérica (Cr) inicial (p = 0,001), necessidade de drogas vasoativas (p = 0,007) e uso de AINEs (p = 0,022) foram associados à oligúria intraoperatória. Oligúria intraoperatória não foi associada ao desenvolvimento de LRA no pós-operatório (p = 0,772), à permanência hospitalar prolongada (p = 0,176) ou à mortalidade intra-hospitalar (p = 0,820). Conclusão: Demonstramos que a oligúria intraoperatória não prediz LRA pós-operatória em cirurgias abdominais de grande porte.

Predictors of pathological response and clinical outcome following chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer - a systematic review / Preditores de resposta patológica e de outcome clinico após quimioradioterapia neoadjuvante para cancro do reto localmente avançado - uma revisão sistemática

Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer and is associated with a high lethality rate. Treatment is multidisciplinary, and neoadjuvant chemoradiation is recommended in locally advanced rectal cancer. About 15% of patients answer favorably to neoadjuvant chemoradiation, so it is important to determine the predictors of response. Objective: To review the results of studies that analyzes the predictors of complete pathological response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Search methods: We searched for eligible articles in data bases Pubmed and Scopus, between the 12th and the 20th of March 2020. The following key words were used: "predictors of response", "chemoradiation" and "locally advanced rectal cancer". Selection criteria: Inclusion criteria: Studies including patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation as treatment, studies including predictors of response to neodjuvant chemoradiation, overall survival as an outcome and regarding language restrictions, only articles in English were accepted, only studies published until the 31st of December 2019 were accepted. Main results: Fourteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Thirteen are cohort studies and one is a clinical trial. Four groups of predictors were defined: blood markers, tumors, histopathological and patients' characteristics. Author's conclusions: During the analysis of the articles, there were several predictors identified as potential candidates for clinical practice, such as high pre neoadjuvant chemoradiation Carcinoembryonic Antigen levels and small post neoadjuvant chemoradiation tumor size. Nevertheless, it is difficult to make definitive conclusions about the most reliable predictors. That is why it is crucial to initiate further studies with standardized cut-off values and a methodology homogenization.

Resumo Introdução: O cancro colorretal é um dos cancros mais prevalentes em Portugal e tem associada uma alta taxa de letalidade. Atualmente, o tratamento é multidisciplinar, e a quimioradioterapia neoadjuvante está indicada no Cancro do Reto Localmente Avançado. Sabe-se que cerca de 15% dos doentes responde favoravelmente à quimioradioterapia neoadjuvante, sendo por isso importante determinar quais os preditores de resposta a este tipo de tratamento. Objetivo: Rever os resultados dos estudos que analisam os preditores de resposta completa à quimioradioterapia em pacientes com Cancro do Reto Localmente Avançado. Métodos de pesquisa: Pesquisamos artigos elegíveis nos bancos de dados Pubmed e Scopus, desde o dia 12 a 20 de Março de 2020. Foram utilizadas as seguintes palavras chave: "preditores de resposta", "quimioradioterapia neoadjuvante" e "Cancro do Reto Localmente Avançado". Critérios de seleção: Critérios de inclusão: Estudos que incluam pacientes com Cancro do Reto Localmente Avançad, pacientes sujeitos a quimioradioterapia neoadjuvante, preditores de resposta à quimioradioterapia, que avaliem a sobrevivência como outcome, escritos em inglês e publicados até dia 31 de Dezembro de 2019. Resultados principais: Catorze estudos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. De todos os artigos, treze são Cohort e um é Clinical Trial. Foram definidos quatro grupos de preditores: marcadores de sangue e caraterísticas do tumor, histopatológicas e dos pacientes. Conclusões dos autores: Durante a análise dos artigos, foram identificados vários preditores como potenciais candidates para a prática clínica, tais como o valor elevado de antigénio carcinoembrionário pré- quimioradioneoaajuvância e tamanho reduzido. Contudo, é arriscado elaborar conclusões concretas relativamente aos preditores mais confiáveis. Por isso, é crucial iniciar novos estudos com valores de cut-off estandardizados e métodos com maior homogeneidade.

Cardiac surgery in infective endocarditis and predictors of in-hospital mortality. / Cirurgia cardíaca na endocardite infeciosa e preditores da mortalidade intra­hospitalar.

INTRODUCTION: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious disease with significant in-hospital mortality (15-30%) despite advances in medical and surgical therapy. AIMS: To perform a clinical characterization of patients undergoing cardiac surgery for IE and to identify factors that predict in-hospital mortality. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 145 patients with IE admitted between January 2006 and October 2017. RESULTS: The median age was 72 years. IE was acquired mainly in the community (69%), and involved the native aortic valve in 54% of patients, biological prosthetic valves in 22.1% and mechanical valves in 10.3%. Staphylococcus spp. (31.0%) were the most frequent etiological agents. Cardiac surgery was emergent in 29 patients, urgent in 108, and elective in eight. The main indications were heart failure (57.9%), large vegetations (20%), systemic embolism (17.2%) and valve dysfunction (15.2%). Overall, biological valves were implanted in 62.1% of patients and mechanical valves in 37.2%. A total of 19 patients (13.1%) died. Predictors of mortality were preoperative atrial fibrillation and lower left ventricular ejection fraction, postoperative severe valve regurgitation associated with cardiogenic shock, sepsis, septic shock associated with cardiogenic shock, cardiac tamponade, need for renal replacement therapy and, although without statistical significance, emergent surgery. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need for better indicators to enable early identification of surgical candidates for IE, implementation of a heart team, and better surgical strategies, including more rapid intervention, more specific postoperative care, and optimal antibiotic therapy.

Complicaciones neurológicas y extra neurológicas en pacientes con ACV internados en el Hospital de Clínicas de Montevideo durante un período de 2 años / Neurological and extra-neurological complications in stroke patients treated at Hospital de Clinicas during a 2 years period / Complicações neurológicas e extraneurológicas em pacientes com AVC internados no Hospital de Clínicas de Montevidéu por um período de 2 anos

Introducción: Los pacientes con Ataque Cerebrovascular (ACV) presentan un elevado riesgo de complicaciones durante la internación, que pueden condicionar su pronóstico. Objetivos: Describir las complicaciones neurológicas y extra neurológicas durante la internación. Evaluar sus características y diferencias de acuerdo al tipo de ACV. Identificar factores predictores de complicaciones y de mortalidad intrahospitalaria. Pacientes y métodos: Fueron incluidos en el estudio los pacientes atendidos en el Hospital de Clínicas (HC) de Montevideo con diagnóstico de ACV entre 1/1/14 y 31/12/15. Se analizaron las principales características clínico-epidemiológicas de los pacientes, se pesquisó la presencia o no de complicaciones según el subtipo y se clasificaron en Neurológicas y Extra Neurológicas (Sistémicas y Cardiovasculares). Resultados: Se analizaron 206 pacientes, 57 % de los cuales presentaron complicaciones, indistintamente del subtipo de ACV. Las más habituales fueron las sistémicas, en 49 % de los casos. La edad, diabetes, NIHSS al ingreso, cardiopatía previa y trombólisis se asociaron en forma significativa e independiente a complicaciones. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria fue 11 %, siendo significativamente menor en los pacientes que ingresaron a la Unidad de ACV del centro. Conclusiones: Las complicaciones fueron muy frecuentes y la principal causa de muerte, siendo las sistémicas las más prevalentes. Ciertas variables se asociaron a un mayor riesgo de complicaciones: edad, diabetes, cardiopatía previa, NIHSS al ingreso, y la trombolisis. La Unidad de ACV descendió la mortalidad en forma significativa.

Introduction: Stroke patients present high risk of complications conditioning its prognosis. Objectives: To describe neurological and extra-neurological complications during admission. To evaluate complications according with stroke subtype, identifying morbidity and mortality predictive factors. Patients and methods : All patients treated at the Hospital de Clínicas (HC) with a diagnosis of stroke between 01/01/14 and 12/31/15 were analyzed. The presence or absence of complications was also analyzed according to stroke subtype during the hospital stay and were classified into three groups: neurological and extra-neurological, the last ones subdivided into systemic and cardiovascular diseases. Results: Sample of 206 patients. 57 % of them presented complications, regardless to the stroke subtype. The most common complications were the systemic ones (49 %). Age, diabetes, NIHSS at admission, previous cardiac disease and thrombolysis were significantly associated with complications. Overall mortality was 11 %. Mortality was significantly lower for patients admitted to the institutional Stroke Unit. Conclusions : Stroke complications were very frequent and are the main cause of mortality, with systemic complications being the most common. Furthermore, there are other variables which are associated with a greater risk of complications such as older age, diabetes, previous heart disease, NIHSS at admission, and thrombolysis. Admission to stroke unit resulted in a significant decrease in the mortality rate.

Introdução: Pacientes com Ataque Cerebrovascular (AVC) apresentam alto risco de complicações durante a hospitalização, o que pode condicionar seu prognóstico. Objetivos: Descrever as complicações neurológicas e extra neurológicas durante a hospitalização. Avalie suas características e diferenças de acordo com o tipo de ACV. Identifique fatores que predizem complicações e mortalidade hospitalar. Pacientes e métodos: Os pacientes atendidos no Hospital de Clínicas (HC) de Montevidéu com diagnóstico de acidente vascular cerebral entre 1/1/14 e 31/12/15 foram incluídos no estudo. As principais características clínico-epidemiológicas dos pacientes foram analisadas e a presença ou ausência de complicações de acordo com o subtipo foi investigada e classificada em Neurológica e Extra Neurológica (Sistêmica e Cardiovascular). Resultados: foram analisados 206 pacientes, 57 % dos quais apresentaram complicações, independentemente do subtipo ACV. Os mais comuns foram sistêmicos, em 49 % dos casos. Idade , diabetes, NIHSS na admissão, Trombólise foram significativamente associados a complicações. A mortalidade intra-hospitalar foi de 11 %, sendo significativamente menor nos pacientes internados na Unidade de ACV do centro. Conclusões: As complicações foram muito freqüentes e a principal causa de morte, sendo as sistêmicas as mais prevalentes. Certas variáveis foram associadas a um risco aumentado de complicações: idade, diabetes, doença cardíaca prévia, NIHSS na admissão e trombólise. A Unidade de ACV diminuiu significativamente a mortalidade.

Epidemiology and predictors of occurrence of SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI infection in a low-endemicity area in northeast Brazil

In Latin America 96% of the cases of schistosomiasis occur in Brazil in low-socioeconomic status populations. The epidemiological characteristics and occurrence predictors of Schistosoma mansoni infection were determined in the Bananeiras community, located in Capistrano, a town in Ceará state, Brazil. Sanitary, environmental, socioeconomic, and behavioral data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. An investigation to assess S. mansoni infection was conducted using the Kato-Katz and Point-of-Care Circulating Cathodic Antigen (POC-CCA) methods. From the 258 subjects were analyzed, 54.3% (n=140) were women, median age 30 years. Thirty-three (12.8%) individuals were positive by either egg- and/or CCA-positivity. The highest positivity rate was found in the 30-39 year old group. There was no piped water supply, sewage network or municipal refuse collection service. Most individuals were illiterate or had not finished elementary school (66.3%). About 29.1% of the families had a monthly income below one Brazilian minimum wage and 91.1% reported contact with natural water sources. We found an association between infection and age group of 20-40 years, illiteracy, household with 7 inhabitants or more, household with up to 3 rooms and an outhouse. Contrarily, being 40 years old or older and household with up to 6 inhabitants were not risk factors. Schistosomiasis remains a public health problem in this municipality, evidencing a strong association with low socioeconomic conditions and high vulnerability. These findings reinforce the importance of identifying the factors associated with the infection for more effective guidance in actions in control programs targeting schistosomiasis prevention and control.

Preditores de stress em concluintes do ensino médio / Stress predictors for high school graduates / Predictores de estrés en graduados de la secundaria

Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo construir um modelo preditor de stress para alunos concluintes do ensino médio de escolas públicas. A amostra foi composta por 620 estudantes, idade média de 18 (σ = 1,98) anos. Utilizou-se metodologia de corte transversal, quantitativo, tipo survey. Principais resultados: indivíduos pertencentes majoritariamente às classes B2 (27,9%) e C1 (25,04%); stress revelado em 55,92% e na fase de resistência 49,43%. Foram preditores de significância estatística: idade, presença de tabagismo, nota de aproveitamento médio e domínio psíquico da qualidade de vida. Conclui-se que o modelo parcimonioso de predição de stress no ambiente escolar foi validado internamente com satisfatória acurácia. Os escores apresentam potencial aplicação e replicação em programas de identificação e prevenção de stress no ambiente escolar

This research aimed to build a predictor of stress for high school graduates of public schools. Sample composed of 620 students, mean age of 18 (SD = 1.98) years. Cross-sectional, quantitative, survey-type methodology. Main results: individuals belonging mainly to class B2 (27.9%) C1 (25.04%); stress revealed in 55.92% and in the resistance stage 49.43%. Predictors of statistical significance were: age, presence of smoking, class average and psychic domain of quality of life. It is concluded that the parsimonious model of prediction of stress in the school environment was validated internally with satisfactory accuracy. The scores present potential application and replication in programs of identification and prevention of stress in the school environment

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo construir un modelo predictor de estrés para los graduados de escuelas públicas secundarias. La muestra fue compuesta por 620 estudiantes con una edad media de 18 (σ = 1,98) años. Se utilizó metodología de corte transversal, cuantitativo, tipo survey. Principales resultados: individuos pertenecientes mayoritariamente a la clase B2 (27,9%) C1 (25,04%); el estrés revelado en el 55,92% y en la fase de resistencia el 49,43%. Los predictores de significación estadística fueron: edad, presencia de tabaquismo, nota de aprovechamiento medio y dominio psíquico de la calidad de vida. Se concluye que el modelo parsimonioso de predicción del estrés en el ambiente escolar fue validado internamente con una satisfactoria exactitud. Las puntuaciones presentan una posible aplicación y replicación en programas de identificación y prevención del estrés en el ambiente escolar

Preditores do medo de cair em idosos portugueses na comunidade: um estudo exploratório / Predictors of the fear of falling among community-dwelling elderly Portuguese people: an exploratory study

Resumo O medo de cair é um fator de risco de queda. Também tem sido associado ao declínio funcional, diminuição da qualidade de vida e aumento do isolamento social na população idosa. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar preditores do medo de cair em pessoas idosas portuguesas residentes na comunidade. Foi desenvolvido um estudo transversal com uma amostra de conveniência de 98 participantes (57,1% mulheres; média etária 74,07 ± 8,74 anos). O protocolo de coleta de dados incluiu um questionário sociodemográfico e de saúde, a Escala de Confiança no Equilíbrio específica para a Atividade, a Escala de Ansiedade e Depressão Hospitalar, a Escala Breve de Redes Sociais de Lubben, o Timed Up and Go, e o Teste de Sentar e Levantar Cinco Vezes. Os dados foram analisados com recurso à estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os resultados indicam que no gênero feminino (p = 0.01), a percepção de saúde física boa (p = 0.01) e moderada (p = 0.02) e os sintomas de depressão (p ≈ 0.00) são preditores do medo de cair. Controlar estes preditores é um aspecto fundamental para a promoção da independência das pessoas idosas, minimizando as consequências associadas ao medo de cair.

Abstract The fear of falling constitutes a real risk factor for falls. It has also been associated with functional decline, decreased quality of life and increased social isolation among the elderly population. This study analyzed predictors of the fear of falling in elderly Portuguese people that live in the community. A cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 98 participants (57.1% women; mean age 74.07 ± 8.74 years) was conducted. Data were collected with a protocol which includes a questionnaire for sociodemographic and health information, the Activity Specific Balance Confidence Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Lubben Social Network Scale-6, the Timed Up and Go, and Five Times Sit to Stand Test. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that female gender (p = 0.01), the perception of good (p = 0.01) and moderate (p = 0.02) physical health and the symptoms of depression (p ≈ 0.00) are predictors of fear of falling. Controlling these predictors is a fundamental aspect for promoting the independence of elderly people minimizing the consequences that are associated with the fear of falling.

Impact on long-term cardiovascular outcomes of different cardiac resynchronization therapy response criteria.

INTRODUCTION: There is a lack of consensus on the definition of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), and it is not clear which response criteria have most influence on cardiac event-free survival. OBJECTIVES: To assess the predictive value of various response criteria in patients undergoing CRT and the agreement between them. METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of the BETTER-HF trial. Patient response was classified at six months after CRT according to eleven criteria used in previous trials. The predictive value of response criteria for survival free from mortality, cardiac transplantation and heart failure hospitalization was assessed by Cox regression analysis. Agreement between the different response criteria was assessed using Cohen's kappa (κ). RESULTS: A total of 115 patients were followed for a mean of 25 months. During follow-up, 15 deaths occurred (13%) and 29 patients had at least one adverse cardiac event (25%). Only five of the eleven response criteria were predictors of event-free survival. The most powerful isolated clinical and echocardiographic predictors were a reduction of ≥1 NYHA functional class (HR 0.39 for responders; 95% CI 0.18-0.83, p=0.014) and an increase of at least 15% in left ventricular ejection fraction (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.20-0.90, p=0.024), respectively. Agreement between the different response criteria was poor. CONCLUSIONS: Most currently used response criteria do not predict clinical outcomes and have poor agreement. It is essential to establish a consensus on the definition of CRT response in order to standardize studies.

Sixteen-year predictors of successful aging from a Southern Brazilian cohort: the PALA study / Preditores do envelhecimento bem-sucedido após 16 anos de seguimento de uma coorte do sul do Brasil: estudo PALA

ABSTRACT Successful aging (SA) is a current positive aging-related perspective and it is important to determine the variables associated with this concept. Most longitudinal population-based studies on predictors of SA were carried out in developed countries. Objective: This investigation evaluated which baseline characteristics predicted successful aging in 16 years of follow-up in a southern Brazilian cohort - the Porto Alegre Longitudinal Aging study. Methods: At baseline, 345 community-dwelling healthy independent individuals aged 60 or older were assessed for medical and psychiatric conditions, memory, orientation, judgment and problem solving, functioning in the community and at home, and hobbies. SA, according to Rowe and Kahn's definition, was the outcome assessed in the last evaluation at a maximum 16-year follow-up. All baseline variables were evaluated as potential predictors for the outcome SA. Results: Of the 345 individuals evaluated at baseline, 32 (9.3%) participants were classified as successful agers in the follow-up. Younger age (OR=0.926, 95%CI=0.863-0.994), female gender (OR=0.226, 95%CI=0.072-0.711) and higher MMSE (OR=1.220, 95%CI=1.031-1.444) were predictors of SA for the 16-year follow-up in a logistic regression model. Conclusion: In contrast with our previous hypothesis, the impact of the socioeconomic and socio-environmental characteristics was small, as was the baseline classification into successful and normal aging.

RESUMO Envelhecimento bem sucedido (EBS) é uma perspectiva positiva sobre o envelhecimento, sendo importante determinar as variáveis associadas a esse conceito. A maioria dos estudos longitudinais de base populacional sobre preditores do EBS foi realizada em países desenvolvidos. Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou quais características da linha de base predisseram o envelhecimento bem sucedido em 16 anos de seguimento de uma coorte do sul-brasileira - o Estudo Longitudinal de envelhecimento de Porto Alegre (Porto Alegre Longitudinal Aging - PALA - study). Métodos: No início do estudo, 345 indivíduos da comunidade, saudáveis e independentes, com 60 anos ou mais foram avaliados para condições médicas e psiquiátricas, memória, orientação, julgamento e solução de problemas, funcionamento na comunidade, em casa e passatempos. EBS, segundo Rowe e Kahn, foi o desfecho obtido na última visita em um máximo de 16 anos de seguimento. Todas as variáveis da linha de base foram avaliadas como potenciais preditoras para o desfecho EBS. Resultados: Dos 345 indivíduos avaliados na linha de base, 32 participantes (9,3%) foram classificados como idosos com envelhecimento bem sucedidos em 16 anos de seguimento. No modelo de regressão logística, menor idade (OR=0,926; 95%CI=0,863-0,994), gênero feminino (OR=0,226; 95%CI=0,072-0,711) e MEEM mais elevado (OR=1,220; 95%CI=1,031-1,444) foram preditores de EBS para o seguimento de 16 anos. Conclusão: Em contraste com nossa hipótese prévia, o impacto das características socioeconômicas e socio-ambientais foi pequeno, bem como o da classificação inicial de envelhecimento normal e bem sucedido.

O teste de progresso é um fator preditivo de desempenho no curso de Medicina? Estudo retrospectivo num curso de medicina no Brasil, 2010-2016 / Is the progressing test a predictive factor in medical course performance? Retrospective study in a medical course in Brazil, 2010-2016

Introdução: a aprovação no curso de medicina é o início de um processo longo de formação em tempo integral. Trata-se de grande investimento de tempo e de dinheiro para o aluno e seus familiares. A literatura descreve vários fatores preditivos de desempenho em cursos de medicina, como desempenho acadêmico prévio; desempenho no processo seletivo; desempenho acadêmico nos primeiros anos do curso; fatores psicológicos, comportamentais, demográficos, sociais e econômicos. A identificação de fatores preditores de mau desempenho no curso de medicina, principalmente no seu início, pode embasar a criação de programas de apoio a esses alunos. Objetivo: identificar fatores preditivos de desempenho em estudantes de medicina. Materiais e métodos: estudo observacional retrospectivo, realizado com estudantes de medicina do curso da UNIFENAS-BH. Foram incluídos todos os estudantes que foram admitidos no curso por meio de vestibular ou PROUNI nos anos de 2010 e 2011 e com informações disponíveis no Sistema de Controle Acadêmico. O desfecho principal foi a conclusão do curso em doze semestres após a entrada. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: sexo, idade, estado civil, forma de ingresso, tipo de ensino médio, semestre de ingresso, nota do vestibular, tempo de conclusão do ensino médio, nota do teste progresso, nota das disciplinas do primeiro período e desempenho global (média das notas das disciplinas) do primeiro semestre. Foi feita análise descritiva por meio de distribuição de frequência para as variáveis categóricas e por meio de média e desvio padrão para as contínuas. Foi utilizado o teste do x2 para comparação das variáveis categóricas e o teste de T de Student para as variáveis contínuas. As variáveis com p≤0,20 foram analisadas por regressão logística. O nível de significância foi de 0,05. Resultados: 312 alunos foram matriculados no período estudado por esta pesquisa, mas dez foram eliminados por falta de informação. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre atraso na conclusão do curso e as variáveis analisadas, exceto na nota do vestibular, que foi maior no grupo que não atrasou a conclusão do curso (pajustado=0,012). Considerando os 270 alunos aprovados no primeiro período, observou-se relação estatisticamente significativa entre baixo desempenho acadêmico medido pelo desempenho global (pajustado<0,001) e o atraso na conclusão do curso. Conclusão: não se observou associação entre a nota do teste de progresso e características soócio-demográficas e o atraso da conclusão do curso. A menor nota do vestibular e o desempenho acadêmico ruim no primeiro semestre do curso indicaram maior risco de atraso na conclusão do curso

Introduction: admission to a medical course is the beginning of a long-term full-time training process. It is a great investment of time and money for the student and his family. The literature reports several predictive factors of performance in medical courses, such as previous academic performance; performance in admission process; academic performance in the early years of the course; psychological, behavioral, demographic, social and economic factors. The identification of factors that predict poor performance, especially early in the course, may support the creation of programs that uphold these students. Objective: to identify predictive factors of performance among medical students. Methods: this is a retrospective observational study among students from UNIFENAS-BH medical course. All students admitted by traditional selection process or PROUNI in 2010 and 2011 and with available data in academic control system were included. The main outcome was graduating in medical course 12 semesters after admission. The following variables were analyzed: gender, age, marital status, admission process type, type of high school, entrance semester, admission exam grade, time of high school completion, progressing test grade, grade of 1st semester disciplines and global performance during 1st semester (average of disciplines grades). Descriptive analysis was performed through frequency distribution for categorical variables and average and standard deviation for continuous variables. The x2 test was used to compare the categorical variables and the Student's t test for the continuous variables. Variables with p≤0.20 were analyzed in a logistic regression analysis. The level of significance was 0.05. Results: 312 students were admitted during the study period, but 10 were eliminated due to lack of information. There was no statistically significant difference between graduation delay and the variables analyzed, except for the admission exam grade, which was lower in the group that delayed graduation (padjusted=0,012). Among the 270 students approved in the 1st period, there was a statistically significant relation between low academic performance in the 1st semester measured by global performance and graduation delay (padjusted<0,001). Conclusion: there was no association between progressing test grade and socio-demographic characteristics with graduation delay. The lower admission exam grade and poor academic performance in the 1st semester of the course indicated a greater risk of graduation delay

Fatores associados à percepção de aliança terapêutica por pacientes em psicoterapia psicanalítica / Factors associated with patient's perception of therapeutic alliance in psychoanalytic psychotherapy

A percepção do paciente sobre a relação com seu psicoterapeuta é determinante para a sua permanência em tratamento e para o sucesso da psicoterapia. Estabelecer preditores de aliança terapêutica pode ter o potencial de auxiliar os psicoterapeutas a utilizar formas de intervenção durante as fases iniciais do tratamento. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a associação entre fatores sócio-demográficos e clínicos do paciente e do terapeuta e a forma como o paciente percebe a aliança terapêutica. Trata-se de um estudo transversal que avaliou a qualidade da aliança em pacientes adultos atendidos em psicoterapia psicanalítica em um ambulatório de saúde mental. A amostra foi constituída por 118 pacientes que chegaram até a quarta sessão de psicoterapia psicanalítica. Os resultados apontam para a influência da intensidade dos sintomas de psicoticismo e do gênero do paciente na percepção da aliança terapêutica.(AU)

The patient's perception of the relationship with their therapist is determinant for their treatment adherence and for the success of psychotherapy. Establishing predictors of therapeutic alliance may potentially help psychotherapists to use forms of intervention during the early stages of treatment. This study aimed to investigate the association between socio-demographic and clinical factors of both patient and therapist and the way in which the patient perceives the therapeutic alliance. It is a cross-sectional study that evaluated the quality of the alliance in adult patients attended in psychoanalytic psychotherapy in a mental health outpatient clinic. The sample consisted of 118 patients who reached the fourth session of psychoanalytic psychotherapy. The results suggest that the intensity of psychoticism symptoms and patient gender influence the perception of the therapeutic alliance.(AU)