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1.
An. sist. sanit. Navar ; 45(2): [e1005], Jun 29, 2022. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-208796

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: La tendencia en la prescripción de benzodiacepinas ha crecido en la última década. España está entre los países donde este tipo de fármacos es el más prescrito por profesionales en Atención Primaria. El propósito de este estudio es identificar factores que podrían estar actuando como barreras y facilitadores en la (des)prescripción de benzodiacepinas desde la perspectiva de pacientes y profesionales sanitarios. Material y métodos: Estudio cualitativo a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con profesionales sanitarios (n=17) y pacientes (n=27), y un grupo nominal con profesionales sanitarios (n=19). Las entrevistas fueron transcritas y analizadas utilizando un análisis temático. Resultados: El análisis reveló temas claves organizados como barreras y facilitadores conectados a tres dimensiones interrelacionadas: el contexto comunitario y social de la prescripción; la estructura, organización y/o gestión del sistema sanitaria, y la relación médico-paciente. La excesiva carga laboral de los profesionales fue ampliamente citada como influyente en la prescripción excesiva. Acciones como promover la prescripción social de activos en salud o desarrollar estrategias para facilitar la alianza terapéutica y mejorar la comunicación médico-paciente, fueron vistos como facilitadores. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos sugieren el rol que el enfoque salutogénico y el modelo de activos en salud pueden jugar en el desarrollo de una atención clínica centrada en la persona. El estudio considera la importancia de promover métodos y técnicas de intervenvión no farmacológicos, la promoción de equipos multidisciplinares y la formación en habilidades psicosociales.(AU)


Background: There has been a steadily growing trend in prescribing benzodiazepines over last decade. Spain is one of the countries where this class of drugs is most extensively prescribed by primaryhealthcare physicians. The aim of this study is to identify factors that might be acting as barriers and enablers for benzodiazepine (de)prescription from patient and professional perspectives.Methods: Qualitative study through semi-structured interviews with medical practitioners (n=17) and patients (n=27), and a nominal group with medical practitioners (n=19). Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis.Results: The analysis revealed key themes and was organizedaround barriers and enablers connected to three interrelated dimensions: the social and community context of prescription; the structure, organization and/or management of the health system, and the doctor-patient relationship. The excessive workload of professionals was widely cited as influencing over-prescription. (De) prescription of benzodiazepine was facilitated by encouraging the social prescription of health assets or developing strategies to therapeutic alliance processes and better doctor-patient communication. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that there is a role for the salutogenic approach and the health asset model in the development of a more person-centred clinical care. This study considers the importance of encouraging the use of non-pharmacological methods and techniques in the health system and promoting the creation ofmultidisciplinary teams, therapeutic alliance processes and betterdoctor-patient communication by giving professionals training inpsychosocial skills.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Drug Prescriptions , Benzodiazepines , Health Personnel , Primary Health Care , Physician-Patient Relations , Attitude of Health Personnel , Health Systems , Spain , 25783 , Qualitative Research
2.
Semergen ; 47(8): 521-530, 2021.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34154909

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Check the usefulness of ratio TG/HDL-C≥2.5 to improve the effectiveness of GLP-1 prescribing in patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) in primary care, and determine whether any patient profile would higher benefit. DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional study. LOCATION: Barranco Grande Health Center, Tenerife. PARTICIPANTS: Random selection of patients with DM2 attended by 12 family doctors and 12 nurses. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Poor control according to the current criteria was compared to poor control according to the proposed rule. To determine who would benefit, the sociodemographic, clinical, therapeutic and follow-up characteristics were analyzed. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: No predominant characteristics were found in the patients who would be prescribed GLP-1 according to the proposed rule, but those that reached a significance P<.20 were included as potential explanatory factors in a multivariate binary logistic regression model. The adjustment of the model retained the factors of therapeutic non-compliance (OR 3.40 [1.58-5.02]; P=.003), evolution of DM2 less than 15 years (OR 2.74 [1.10-4.89]; P=.031), number of prescribed anti-diabetes drugs (OR 2.30 [1.88-2.81]; P<.001) and age under 65 years (OR 1.67 [1.08-2.58]; P=.021). CONCLUSIONS: The use of the rule that we propose for the prescription of GLP-1 (2018 recommendations of the GDPS network combined with the TG/HDL-C ratio≥2.5 or BMI≥30kg/m2), instead of the current criterion adopted by the National Health System, would allow to broaden the spectrum of application of the drug in patients with poor control of their DM2.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 , Humans , Prescriptions , Primary Health Care , Triglycerides
3.
Medisan ; 21(3)mar. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-70006

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo de 52 senescentes con efecto cascada resultante de polimedicación, quienes formaban parte de un total de 305 con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, pertenecientes todos al Policlínico Universitario José Martí Pérez del municipio de Santiago de Cuba. En la investigación, desarrollada durante el bienio 2014-2015, se constató el mencionado efecto a partir de las reacciones adversas referidas por los pacientes y los síntomas predominantes que justificaron la indicación de los fármacos. El efecto cascada predominó en los ancianos con más de 3 afecciones diagnosticadas, aunque también se presentó en aquellos que padecían solo 1 o 2. En todos los casos identificados hubo más de un prescriptor para el seguimiento de los afectados(AU)


A descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study of 52 elderly with cascade effect resulting from polymedication was carried out, who were part of a total of 305 elderly with non communicable chronic diseases, belonging to José Martí Pérez University Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba. In the investigation, developed during 2014-2015 biennium, the mentioned effect was verified starting from the adverse reactions referred by the patients and the predominant symptoms that justified the drug prescription. The cascade effect prevailed in the elderly with more than 3 diagnosed disorders, although it was also presented in those that suffered from just 1 or 2. In all the identified cases there was more than one prescriptor for the follow up of the affected patients(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Polypharmacy , Drug Overdose , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies
4.
Medisan ; 21(3)mar. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-841670

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo de 52 senescentes con efecto cascada resultante de polimedicación, quienes formaban parte de un total de 305 con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, pertenecientes todos al Policlínico Universitario José Martí Pérez del municipio de Santiago de Cuba. En la investigación, desarrollada durante el bienio 2014-2015, se constató el mencionado efecto a partir de las reacciones adversas referidas por los pacientes y los síntomas predominantes que justificaron la indicación de los fármacos. El efecto cascada predominó en los ancianos con más de 3 afecciones diagnosticadas, aunque también se presentó en aquellos que padecían solo 1 o 2. En todos los casos identificados hubo más de un prescriptor para el seguimiento de los afectados


A descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study of 52 elderly with cascade effect resulting from polymedication was carried out, who were part of a total of 305 elderly with non communicable chronic diseases, belonging to José Martí Pérez University Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba. In the investigation, developed during 2014-2015 biennium, the mentioned effect was verified starting from the adverse reactions referred by the patients and the predominant symptoms that justified the drug prescription. The cascade effect prevailed in the elderly with more than 3 diagnosed disorders, although it was also presented in those that suffered from just 1 or 2. In all the identified cases there was more than one prescriptor for the follow up of the affected patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Polypharmacy , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Drug Overdose , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies
5.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 24(3): e13923, mai./jun. 2016. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-947375

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: caracterizar o modelo de prescrição de medicamentos por enfermeiros nos Protocolos de Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil. Método: realizou-se análise documental etnometodológica de 10 protocolos clínicos publicados entre 2002 e 2011 pelo Ministério da Saúde. A coleta ocorreu de agosto a dezembro de 2011. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa sob número do CAAE 2813.0.000.133-10. Resultados: não há exigência de pré-requisitos na maioria dos protocolos; há possibilidade de diagnóstico pelo enfermeiro na gravidez, nutrição infantil e doenças sexualmente transmissíveis; observou-se variados graus de autonomia; amplo grupo de medicamentos prescritos por enfermeiros. Conclusão: no Brasil, confirma-se uma prática prescritiva sem requisitos, diversidade de orientações induzindo à multiplicidade de ações que pode afetar a qualidade da prescrição.


Objective: to characterize the model for medication prescription by nurses in Primary Health Care Protocols in Brazil. Method: 10 clinical protocols published between 2002 and 2011 by the Health Ministry were subjected to ethno-methodological document analysis. Data were collected from August to December 2011. The project was approved by the research ethics committee (CAAE No. 2813.0.000.133-10). Results: there are no prerequisites in most protocols; nursing diagnosis is possible in pregnancy, child nutrition and sexually transmitted diseases; varying degrees of autonomy were observed; and a broad group of drugs were prescribed by nurses. Conclusion: In Brazil, this confirms a practice of prescribing without requirements and with a diversity of guidelines, inducing a multiplicity of actions, which may impair the quality of prescribing.


Objetivo: caracterizar el modelo de prescripción de fármacos por enfermeros en los Protocolos de Atención Primaria a la Salud en Brasil. Método: Se realizó Análisis Documental etnometodológico de 10 protocolos clínicos publicados entre 2002 y 2011 por el Ministerio de la Salud. La colecta ocurrió de agosto a diciembre de 2011. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité Ético de Investigación bajo el número CAAE 2813.0.000.133-10. Resultados: no hay exigencia de prerrequisitos en la mayoría de los protocolos; hay posibilidad de diagnóstico por el enfermero en embarazo, nutrición infantil y enfermedades sexualmente contagiosas; se observó variados grados de autonomía; amplio grupo de fármacos prescritos por enfermeros. Conclusión: en Brasil se confirma una práctica prescriptiva sin requisitos, diversidad de orientaciones induciendo a multiplicidad de acciones que puede afectar la cualidad de la prescripción.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Drug Prescriptions , Drug Prescriptions/nursing , Primary Health Care , Clinical Protocols , Nursing , Nurse's Role , Unified Health System , Nurses
6.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 112(3): 249-253, jun. 2014. ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1159609

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La falta de ensayos clínicos en pediatría (ECP) conduce a la prescripción off-label de medicamentos en niños (POMN). Nuestro objetivo fue analizar el número y diseño de ECP y de POMN en los últimos años. Población, material y métodos. Estudio observacional, retrospectivo de ECP y POMN desde 2007 hasta 2012 realizados en un hospital infantil con 252 camas. Se analizó el número y diseño de ECP y de POMN por año y sus características. Resultados. Se evaluaron 87 ECP y 449 principios activos correspondientes a 1049 medicamentos prescritos a niños hospitalizados. De ellos, 117 (26%) se utilizaron fuera de prospecto. Los ECP fueron en aumento desde 2008 hasta 2011. Ese año, el 52,2% de los ECP fueron no aleatorizados ni controlados y solo 39,1% fueron aleatorizados controlados. Un 77% de los fármacos investigados eran prescritos fuera de prospecto. La POMN se mantuvo estable durante el estudio. Conclusiones. En nuestro hospital, ha aumentado la investigación en pediatría en los últimos años; los estudios no aleatorizados ni controlados fueron los más frecuentes. La POMN no se ha modificado.


Introduction. The lack of pediatric clinical trials (PCTs) leads to an off-label drug use (OLDU) in children. Our objective was to analyze the number and design of PCTs and OLDU in children in the past years. Population, material and methods. Observational and retrospective study on PCTs and OLDU in children, conducted from 2007 to 2012 in a 252-bed children's hospital. The number and design of PCTs and OLDU in children were analyzed by year and by characteristics. Results. Eighty-seven PCTs and 449 active ingredients corresponding to 1049 drugs prescribed to hospitalized children were evaluated.Of these, 117 (26%) were used off-label. The number of PCTs increased from 2008 to 2011. In 2011, 52.2% of PCTs were non-randomized and uncontrolled studies, and only 39.1% were randomized, controlled trials. Of all studied drugs, 77% corresponded to off-label use. OLDU in children remained steady throughout the study period. Conclusions. In our hospital, the number of pediatric research studies has increased in the past years, being non-randomized and uncontrolled studies the most frequent. OLDU in children has not changed


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Clinical Trials as Topic/statistics & numerical data , Off-Label Use/statistics & numerical data , Hospitalization , Retrospective Studies
7.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol ; 48(6): 265-8, 2013.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24094675

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of inappropriate prescribing of drugs (IP) in patients >65 years-old evaluated by a primary care team (PCT), using the STOPP-START criteria. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Cross-sectional sample of patients older than 65 years-old with active clinical history in 2010, and who were attended in 13 urban clinics (systematic random sampling, expected IP prevalence of 40%, precision: 5% confidence level: 95%). Requirement was reviewed clinical histories in 2010, using the STOPP-START criteria. RESULTS: A total of 363 patients were selected (56.7% women), mean age 75.2 years (SD: 7.02). The most frequent diseases were cardiovascular (76.9%) and osteoarticular (57.6%) diseases, and the average number of prescription drugs was 4.9 (SD: 3.32). IP was detected in 170 patients (46.8%; 95% CI: 41.7-52.0%), 42% in men (95% CI: 34.3-49.8%) and 46.6% in women (95% CI: 39.8-53.4%), with no differences between sexes (P=.386), with a higher prevalence if polypharmacy or comorbidity were present (P<.001). The STOPP criteria were met in 131 patients (36.1%; 95% CI: 31.1-41.0%), and START criteria in 73 (20.1%; 95% CI: 16-24.2%), with no difference between sexes (P=.623 for STOPP, and P=.678 for START). The most frequent STOPP criteria were observed in the musculoskeletal system (50 patients, 38.2%; 95% CI: 29.8-46.5%) and START endocrinology indicators (38 patients, 52.1%; 95% CI: 40.0-63.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The STOPP-START tool detected and systematised IP in a high percentage of elderly patients treated by a PCT, and can promote improvement in prescribing strategies.


Subject(s)
Inappropriate Prescribing/statistics & numerical data , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Primary Health Care
8.
Rev. Estomat ; 1(2): 31-32, dic. 1991.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-569945

ABSTRACT

El odontólogo prescribe, si bien un limitado rango de fármacos, lo hace a todo el espectro de la población. La mayoría de los fármacos usados son seguros, pero en ciertas circunstancias, el odontólogo debe saber que el fármaco prescrito no es apropiado o tendrá consecuencias desastrosas. En esta revisión consideramos la paciente gestante con quien se deben tomar ciertas precauciones de prescripción. Los distintos estudios teratogénicos realizados han demostrado que muchos fármacos son capaces de causar alteraciones del desarrollo fetal. Esto indicaría por lo tanto, que sería prudente evitar todo tipo de fármacos durante la gestación, a menos que las condiciones de la paciente, como sería una infección severa, por ejemplo, excedan el riesgo de daño fetal al que pudiese llegar por el tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Adrenal Cortex Hormones , Analgesics , Analgesics, Opioid , Benzodiazepines , Pregnancy , Metronidazole , Pharmaceutical Preparations, Dental , Pharmacology
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