ABSTRACT
Introducción: El bajo peso al nacer constituye en todo el mundo y grupos de poblaciones el índice más importante para determinar las posibilidades que tiene el recién nacido de sobrevivir y tener un crecimiento sano. Objetivo: Identificar algunos factores de riesgo sociobiológicos asociados al bajo peso al nacer en el área de salud del Policlínico Docente 30 de Noviembre de Santiago de Cuba durante el 2016. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico, de casos y controles. Se escogieron como controles a las 8 puérperas que aportaron igual cantidad de recién nacidos con bajo peso y como controles a 16 de las madres cuyo producto de la concepción tuvo un peso normal en igual período. Entre las variables analizadas figuraron: edad materna, antecedentes obstétricos desfavorables, enfermedades previas asociadas y propias del embarazo, edad gestacional en el momento del parto y estado nutricional. Resultados: En la serie predominaron las enfermedades previas y propias del embarazo, fundamentalmente la anemia y la infección vaginal; mientras que el parto pretérmino tuvo alta significación estadística. Conclusiones: Los factores de riesgos biológicos con mayor fuerza de asociación fueron la malnutrición por defecto durante la captación, las enfermedades previas y asociadas al embarazo; en tanto, entre los factores con significación estadística predominaron la prematuridad y el período intergenésico corto, no así los antecedentes obstétricos desfavorables. Existió correlación entre la edad gestacional, el bajo peso al nacer, la presencia de partos pretérminos y el crecimiento intrauterino retardado.
Introduction: Low birth weight constitutes in the entire world and populational groups the most important index to determine the possibilities that the newborn has to survive and to have a healthy growth. Objective: To identify some social and biological risk factors associated with low birth weight in the health area from 30 de Noviembre Teaching Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba during 2016. Methods: An analytic study of cases and controls was carried out. The 8 postpartum women who contributed with the same quantity of underweight newborns and as controls 16 of the mothers whose product of the conception had a normal weight in same period were chosen. Among the analyzed variables there were: maternal age, unfavorable obstetric history, associated previous diseases and diseases characterizing pregnancy, gestational age at childbirth and nutritional state. Results: Previous diseases and diseases characterizing pregnancy, fundamentally anemia and vaginal infection prevailed in the series; while preterm childbirth had a high statistical significance. Conclusions: Biological risk factors with greater association force were malnutrition defect during registration, the previous diseases and those associated with pregnancy; as long as, among the factors with statistical significance prematurity and the short intergenesis prevailed, what did not occur with the unfavorable obstetric history. Correlation existed between gestational age, low birth weight, the presence of preterm childbirths and the slowed intra-uterine growth.
Subject(s)
Infant, Low Birth Weight , Pregnancy , Risk Factors , Obstetric Labor, PrematureABSTRACT
In this study, we proposed an approach able to predict whether a pregnant woman with contractions would give birth earlier than expected (i.e., before the 37 t h week of gestation (WG)). It only processes non-invasive electrohysterographic (EHG) signals fully automatically without assistance of an expert or an additional medical system. We used term and preterm EHG signals of 30-minutes duration collected between the 27 t h and the 32 n d WG. Preterm deliveries (< 37W G) had occurred in average 4.00 ± 1.88 weeks since recording dates. Each recording contains three bipolar channels. Using the Huang-Hilbert transform (HHT), we obtained up to twelve intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) for each signal. We found that the most relevant IMFs for both term and preterm records were IMF3 and IMF6. From these two IMFs, we extracted 8 most relevant features targeting EHG signal specificities. We investigated features classifications using support vector machine (SVM) for the 3 single-channels and for all their possible combinations. High discrimination power between term and preterm EHG records was obtained with linear-SVM classifiers. For almost all the cases, mean areas under curves (AUC) exceeded 0.92. A two-channel combination (7 features) achieved the best mean results with A c c u r a c y = 95.70%, S e n s i t i v i t y = 98.40%, S p e c i f i c i t y = 93.00% and A U C = 0.95. Results of the three-channel combination (9 features) were A c c u r a c y = 92.30%, S e n s i t i v i t y = 93.00%, S p e c i f i c i t y = 91.60% and A U C = 0.96. The best single-channel (8 features) gave the mean values: A c c u r a c y = 90.40%, S e n s i t i v i t y = 93.60% and A U C = 0.94. Thus, the advantage of our approach is the high diagnostic performance at low computational cost.
Subject(s)
Electromyography/methods , Premature Birth/diagnosis , Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted , Support Vector Machine , Uterus/physiology , Algorithms , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de todos los nacimientos pretérmino que tuvieron lugar durante el 2013 en el Hospital General "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, con vistas a determinar su incidencia, las principales causas que lo ocasionan, así como la morbilidad y mortalidad neonatales que genera. La prematuridad, que fue clasificada según edad gestacional, evolución clínica, principales causas y complicaciones, predominó en la categoría de leve (67,2 %), mientras que 41,0 % se produjo de forma espontánea. La enfermedad hipertensiva constituyó la principal causa de su ocurrencia, seguida del síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria fetal. La mortalidad predominó en 63,6 % de los neonatos con prematuridad moderada en la serie. La prematuridad constituye un problema de salud, a pesar de los avances conseguidos, tanto científicos como en la práctica clínica.
A descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study of all preterm births which took place during the 2013 was carried out in "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" General Hospital from Santiago de Cuba, with the objective of determining their incidence, their main causes, as well as the neonatal morbidity and mortality they generate. Prematurity, which was classified according to gestational age, clinical course, main causes and complications, prevailed in the category of mild (67.2%), while 41.0% took place in a spontaneous way. Hypertensive disease constituted the main cause for its occurrence, followed by the syndrome of fetal inflammatory response. Mortality prevailed in 63.6% of neonates with moderate prematurity in the series. Prematurity constitutes a health problem, inspite of the advances achieved, either scientific as in the clinical practice.
Subject(s)
Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Obstetric Labor, Premature , MorbidityABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles de 96 gestantes (48 en cada grupo) que parieron en el Hospital Ginecoobstétrico Docente "Tamara Bunke Bider" de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero de 2008 hasta diciembre de 2009, con vistas a determinar la repercusión de la corioamnionitis en los indicadores de salud del binomio madre-perinato. En la investigación fueron incluidas todas las embarazadas con 28 semanas de gestación y más. Para validar los resultados se utilizaron la prueba no paramétrica de Ji al cuadrado, el método porcentual y las proporciones. Se halló que esta afección repercutió en la ocurrencia de partos pretérmino, en los altos índices de cesárea, así como también en las infecciones neonatales precoces y puerperales. Se concluyó que la corioamnionitis incidió negativamente sobre los mencionados indicadores.
A case-control study of 96 pregnant women (48 in each group) who gave birth in «Tamara Bunke Bider¼ Teaching Gynecological and Obstetrical Hospital from Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January, 2008 to December, 2009, with the objective of determining the repercussion of chorioamnionitis in the health indicators of the binomial mother-neonate. All the pregnant women with 28 weeks of gestation and more were included in the investigation. To validate the results the non parametric test for X2, the percentage method and the proportions were used. It was found that this disorder influenced on the occurrence of preterm births, in the high rates of cesarean sections, as well as on the neonates and puerperal early sepsis. It was concluded that chorioamnionitis influenced negatively on the mentioned indicators.
ABSTRACT
O presente trabalho verificou a inter-relação da doença periodontal com o nascimento de bebês prematuros e de baixo peso em 120 mães da maternidade do Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, do município de Tubarão, Santa Catarina. A amostra total foi dividida em 2 grupos: 60 mães que tiveram parto pré-termo (bebês nascidos antes das 37 semanas de gestação) e nascimento de bebês de baixo peso, e 60 mães que tiveram parto a termo. Os resultados foram obtidos através de questionários e exame clínico periodontal aplicado na amostra total de mães. A análise da condição periodontal foi realizada por sextantes, podendo verificar que em todos os sextantes a média dos valores do índice de condição periodontal foi maior entre as mães que apresentavam parto pré-termo. Portanto, houve diferença significativa na distribuição dos valores do índice de condição periodontal entre as amostras, e forte associação entre a presença de doença periodontal e parto pré-termo. Foi verificado que a presença de doença periodontal aumenta em 2,4 vezes a chance de ocorrência de parto pré-termo. Desta forma, cabe ao cirurgião-dentista conhecer a conduta de tratamento e orientar as mulheres grávidas, prevenindo e diminuindo esta relação da doença periodontal afetando fatores sistêmicos.
This work intends to show the interrelation between periodontal disease and premature low birth weight in 120 mothers of Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, in the city of Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The total sample was divided into two groups: 60 mothers who had preterm childbirth (babies born before 37 weeks of gestation) and babies born underweight, and 60 mothers who had the babies on normal conditions. These results were obtained through questionnaires and periodontal clinic exams applied to the total sample of the mothers. The analysis of periodontal condition was realized through sextants, and we could verify that in all sextants the average value of periodontal index condition was higher among preterm mothers. Therefore there was a significant difference in the distribution of the periodontal index condition values between the samples and the relation strong between the periodontal disease and preterm childbirth. It was clear that the presence of periodontal disease increases 2.4 times the chance of preterm childbirth. So it is the dentist's choice to conduct the treatment and orientate pregnant women to prevent and decrease this relation of periodontal disease that affects systemic factors.
