Análisis tendencial de la promoción de salud con énfasis en el contexto penitenciario / A trend analysis of health promotion with emphasis on the prison context

RESUMEN Fundamento: se realizó un análisis tendencial de la promoción de salud, con énfasis en el contexto penitenciario, considerando la relevancia que tiene el conocimiento y comprensión de sus raíces, desarrollo y evolución en el quehacer cotidiano. Objetivo: realizar una sistematización histórica del proceso de promoción para la salud, con énfasis en el contexto penitenciario. Método: Se empleó como método el análisis de documentos. Resultados: se ilustraron los avances y desafíos de la promoción de salud, en el contexto social cubano; evidenciados en programas sociales y sectoriales orientados hacia la protección y atención de los adultos mayores; se valoró a la promoción de salud, como un derecho social fundamental en el ámbito carcelario. Conclusiones: La promoción de salud bucal ha constituido desde el triunfo de la Revolución cubana, un derecho social fundamental en el ámbito carcelario, que se ha perfeccionado de manera paulatina en correspondencia con el Ministerio de Salud Pública, a través de ella, se fomentaron las prácticas de autocuidado y disminución de la probabilidad de ocurrencia de las enfermedades y afecciones bucodentales. Los aportes de la promoción de salud repercutieron en el servicio de estomatología desde la perspectiva de lo humanista, lo ético, lo organizativo y lo social.

ABSTRACT Background: a trend analysis of health promotion was carried out, with emphasis on the prison context, considering the relevance of knowledge and understanding of its roots, development and evolution in daily life. Objective: to carry out a historical systematization of the health promotion process, with emphasis on the prison context. Method: documental analysis was used as a method. Main results: the advances and challenges of health promotion were illustrated, in the Cuban social context; evidenced in social and sectorial programs oriented towards the protection and care of the elderly; health promotion was valued as a fundamental social right in the prison environment. Conclusions: The promotion of oral health has constituted since the triumph of the Cuban Revolution, a fundamental social right in the prison environment, which has been gradually perfected in correspondence with the Ministry of Public Health, through it, the self-care practices and reduction of the probability of occurrence of oral diseases and conditions. The contributions of health promotion had an impact on the stomatology service from a humanist, ethical, organizational and social perspective.

Batería de evaluación de cognición social en psicología forense: adaptación y validación / Bateria de avaliação para cognição social em psicologia forense: adaptação e validação / Assessment battery for social cognition in forensic psychology: adaptation and validation

El objetivo del estudio fue adaptar y validar una batería de instrumentos para evaluar subdominios de la cognición social con población forense en Colombia y México a partir de una selección de instrumentos utilizados en neuropsicología clínica. Se revisó la pertinencia de los subdominios que componen la cognición social como evidencia de validez de contenido mediante la evaluación de diferentes expertos en psicología forense, neuropsicología y medición y evaluación; utilizando el método ANGOFF modificado y un análisis de confiabilidad según el modelo Rasch y el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach. Posteriormente fue sometido a pilotaje con 20 personas condenadas en cárceles colombianas y mexicanas con privación de libertad. Se encontraron calibraciones INFIT 1.17 y 1.04, OUTFIT 1.08 y 1.18, con índices de separación de 2.66 y 1.63, y fiabilidad de .88 en colombianos y .73 en mexicanos; estos datos proporcionaron evidencias de validez de la batería adaptada. (AU)

O objetivo do estudo foi adaptar e validar uma bateria para avaliar subdomínios da cognição social com população forense na Colômbia e no México a partir de uma seleção de instrumentos usados ​​em neuropsicologia clínica. Revisou-se a relevância dos subdomínios que compõem a cognição social como evidência de validade de conteúdo por meio da avaliação de diferentes psicólogos especialistas em psicologia forense, neuropsicologia e medição e avaliação, usando o método ANGOFF modificado e uma análise de confiabilidade de acordo com o modelo de Rasch e coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Posteriormente, ele foi submetido a pilotar com 20 pessoas privadas de liberdade sentenciadas em prisões colombianas e mexicanas. Calibrações INFIT 1,17 e 1,04, OUTFIT 1,08 e 1,18 foram encontradas, com taxas de separação de 2,66 e 1,63, uma confiabilidade de 0,88 em colombianos e 0,73 em mexicanos; esses dados forneceram evidências da validade da bateria adaptada. (AU)

The aim of the study was to adapt and validate a battery for the evaluation of subdomains of social cognition with the forensic population in Colombia and Mexico from a selection of instruments used in clinical neuropsychology. We reviewed the relevance of the subdomains that compose social cognition as evidence of content validity through the assessment of different psychologists, experts in forensic psychology, neuropsychology and measurement and evaluation, using the modified ANGOFF method and a reliability analysis according to the Rasch model and Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. Subsequently, a pilot study was performed with 20 people deprived of liberty in Colombian and Mexican prisons. INFIT calibrations of 1.17 and 1.04, and OUTFIT calibrations of 1.08 and 1.18, with separation rates of 2.66 and 1.63, and reliability of .88 and .73 were found in Colombians and Mexicans respectively; these data provide evidence of the validity of the adapted battery. (AU)

The Norwegian Offender Mental Health and Addiction Study - Design and Implementation of a National Survey and Prospective Cohort Study.

The Norwegian prison inmates are burdened by problems before they enter prison. Few studies have managed to assess this burden and relate it to what occurs for the inmates once they leave the prison. The Norwegian Offender Mental Health and Addiction (NorMA) study is a large-scale longitudinal cohort study that combines national survey and registry data in order to understand mental health, substance use, and criminal activity before, during, and after custody among prisoners in Norway. The main goal of the study is to describe the criminal and health-related trajectories based on both survey and registry linkage information. Data were collected from 1,499 inmates in Norwegian prison facilities during 2013-2014. Of these, 741 inmates provided a valid personal identification number and constitute a cohort that will be examined retrospectively and prospectively, along with data from nationwide Norwegian registries. This study describes the design, procedures, and implementation of the ongoing NorMA study and provides an outline of the initial data.

Impact Evaluation of an Addiction Intervention Program in a Quebec Prison.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the effects of a prison-based addiction intervention program. The evaluation is based on a multidimensional data collection that draws a portrait of the respondents' substance use, and of their psychological/emotional, social, and judicial spheres. It measures the changes, or lack thereof, in substance use; the psychological/emotional, social, and judicial spheres; as well as the post-treatment services used. METHOD: A quasi-experimental repeated measures design (0, 6 weeks, and 6 months) was used. Effects of the program were identified by comparing the results obtained by a group of inmates who had participated in the program (n = 80; experimental group) with those of another group who had received no intervention (n = 70; control group). RESULTS: The preliminary results suggested a certain treatment effect related to impulsivity and psychological distress. CONCLUSION: Although the preliminary results were promising, the experimental and control groups did not differ significantly when more robust analyses were used.