Relevancia de la orientación profesional

La importancia de la orientación profesional implica tomar en cuenta muchos elementos a nivel de procedimientos en las pruebas psicológicas para tener un resultado objetivo en la elección de la carrera profesional. El método de investigación es cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo porque pretende analizar la relevancia del tema. El diseño es no experimental puesto que no se manipulo ninguna variable, con un carácter transversal, ya que la información se recolecto en un tiempo determinado. La población fue los cuatro paralelos (A - B - C - D) de sexto del nivel secundario, en un total de 128 estudiantes entre varones y mujeres. Se aplicaron las baterías de: Test de Aptitudes Diferenciales (DAT), test de inteligencia (RAVEN GENERAL), cuestionario de personalidad para adolescentes (H.S.P.Q) y la escala de preferencias vocacionales (KUDER forma "E"). Los resultados describen la falta de atención del estado para proponer programas de Orientación Profesional a todos los bachilleres a nivel nacional, y con la prueba experimental se demuestra la importancia de test con pruebas psicológicas, que permiten que los estudiantes puedan reconocer sus conocimientos y capacidades intelectuales para elegir una carrera acorde a sus probabilidades psicológicas, del entorno educativo y social, con el apoyo y participación de los profesores/as al brindar un espacio y tiempo determinado para los estudiantes de sexto de secundaria, y de los padres de familia para que puedan apoyar a sus hijos a realizarse en una profesión científica o técnica de acuerdo a su formación y conocimientos.

The importance of professional guidance implies taking into account many elements at the level of procedures in psychological tests to have an objective result in choosing a professional career. The research method is quantitative, of a descriptive type because it intends to analyze the relevance of the topic. The design is non-experimental since no variable was manipulated, with a transversal character, since the information was collected in a determined time. The population was the four parallels (A - B - C - D) of the sixth grade of the secondary level, in a total of 128 students between men and women. The batteries of: Differential Aptitudes Test (DAT), intelligence test (RAVEN GENERAL), personality questionnaire for adolescents (H.S.P.Q) and the scale of vocational preferences (KUDER form "E") were applied. The results describe the lack of attention of the state to propose Vocational Guidance programs to all high school graduates at the national level, and with the experimental test the importance of psychological tests is demonstrated, which allow students to recognize their knowledge and intellectual abilities. to choose a career according to their psychological probabilities, the educational and social environment, with the support and participation of teachers by providing a specific space and time for students in the sixth grade of secondary school, and of parents so that they can support their their children to perform in a scientific or technical profession according to their training and knowledge.

A importância da orientação profissional implica ter em conta muitos elementos ao nível dos procedimentos em testes psicológicos para ter um resultado objetivo na escolha de uma carreira profissional. O método de pesquisa é quantitativo, do tipo descritivo, pois pretende analisar a relevância do tema. O delineamento é não experimental já que nenhuma variável foi manipulada, com caráter transversal, já que as informações foram coletadas em um tempo determinado. A população foram os quatro paralelos (A - B - C - D) da sexta série do ensino médio, em um total de 128 alunos entre homens e mulheres. Foram aplicadas as baterias de: Teste Diferencial de Aptidões (DAT), teste de inteligência (RAVEN GENERAL), questionário de personalidade para adolescentes (H.S.P.Q) e escala de preferências vocacionais (KUDER forma "E"). Os resultados descrevem a falta de atenção do estado em propor programas de Orientação Profissional a todos os egressos do ensino médio em nível nacional, e com o teste experimental é demonstrada a importância dos testes psicológicos, que permitem aos alunos reconhecer seus conhecimentos e habilidades intelectuais. escolher uma carreira de acordo com suas probabilidades psicológicas, o ambiente educacional e social, com o apoio e participação dos professores ao fornecer um espaço e tempo específico para os alunos da sexta série do ensino médio e dos pais para que eles possam apoiar seus filhos exercer uma profissão científica ou técnica de acordo com a sua formação e conhecimentos.

UK pharmacists' experiences and perceptions of conflict between personal ethical commitments and professional obligations, as set out in professional guidance.

BACKGROUND: In 2017, the General Pharmaceutical Council (UK) issued new Standards for Pharmacy Professionals and supporting guidance, Guidance on Religion, Personal Values and Beliefs, to help pharmacists when their religion, personal values or beliefs might impact on their provision of services. OBJECTIVE: To understand how pharmacists in the UK experience and perceive conflicts between their personal ethical commitments (matters of conscience) and professional obligations in guidance from their regulator. METHODS: Twenty-four registered pharmacists were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. KEY FINDINGS: Participants were generally aware of the Council's consultations and responded if they had something to say, or it was their role to respond. Age and stage, confidence, and workload impacted on whether participants responded to Council consultations, and, therefore, on the range of views heard. The professional obligation to provide person-centred care (PCC) was central to participants' practice, and personal ethical commitments were important to some. Conflicts between such commitments and professional obligations were rare, and it was generally believed that the former should be accommodated, as far as possible, but not imposed on others. Personal ethical commitments could affect PCC, and some suggested that the Council's Guidance was not clear on pharmacists' responsibilities in this regard. CONCLUSIONS: Clarification on the role of personal ethical commitments in professional practice, particularly in relation to providing PCC, would be useful. Clearer guidance on how pharmacists should manage perceived conflicts between their personal ethical commitments and their professional obligations would also be welcomed.

Covid-19 and its implications for the provision of gynecological services globally.

Covid-19 took the world by surprise and has completely changed the way humans live and work. There is hardly an aspect of life that has not been affected. Whether social, economic, physical, psychological, cultural or religious, this pandemic has revolutionized every aspect of our lives and some of these changes are here to stay for the unforeseeable time. Although much has been written about the negative effects of Covid-19 on our social lives, some technological advances on COVID-19 have profoundly affected various aspects of our lives. These are mostly to do with how we communicate, deliver health services, innovate and investigate new preventative measures and treatments, travel and indeed influenced the carbon footprint of the planet. Although most of gynaecology is elective and was therefore not considered a priority in the early phases of COVI-19, there are considerable consequences of delaying treatment for some of these elective conditions. Of particular importance are infertility, pre-malignant conditions, chronic pelvic pain, sexual disorders and those affecting the psychological and social aspects of women and families. The pandemic forced a rethink of how healthcare is delivered with wide adoption of remote/virtual consultation and triaging of clinical presentations. The rapid development of immunization and drugs against the virus was met with doubts by a large proportion of the population with reluctance to accept these. Consequently, there remains unvaccinated portions of both low and high-risk populations, some of whom may be denied access to gynaecological care. On the other hand, some pregnant women who are frightened of the impact of vaccination on pregnancy put their own lives at risk. While significant progress has been made to combat the pandemic, lessons about healthcare delivery (face-to-face versus virtual), education of the end users and introduction of new technologies into the development of drugs and vaccines must be evaluated and improved moving forward not only during the ongoing epidemic but with future outbreaks.

Principles for pandemics: COVID-19 and professional ethical guidance in England and Wales.

BACKGROUND: During the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic, various professional ethical guidance was issued to (and for) health and social care professionals in England and Wales. Guidance can help to inform and support such professionals and their patients, clients and service users, but a plethora of guidance risked information overload, confusion, and inconsistency. METHODS: During the early months of the pandemic, we undertook a rapid review, asking: what are the principles adopted by professional ethical guidance in England and Wales for dealing with COVID-19? We undertook thematic content analysis of the 29 documents that met our inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The 29 documents captured 13 overlapping principles: respect, fairness, minimising harm, reciprocity, proportionality, flexibility, working together, inclusiveness, communication, transparency, reasonableness, responsibility, and accountability. CONCLUSIONS: We intend this attempt to collate and outline the prominent principles to be helpful, particularly, for healthcare practice during the COVID-19 pandemic and, hopefully, for future pandemic planning. We also offer some reflections on the guidance and the principles therein. After describing the principles, we reflect on some of the similarities and differences in the guidance, and the challenges associated not only with the specific guidance reviewed, but also with the nature and import of "professional ethical guidance".

Perejivânie (Vivência) na prática de Orientação Profissional: contribuições da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural / Perezhivanie (experience) on career guidance activities: contributions of the Historical-Cultural Psychology / Perejivânie (Vivencia) en la Orientación Profesional: aportes de la Psicología Histórico-Cultural

À luz da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, as atividades de Orientação profissional podem favorecer o conhecimento da realidade social e suas contradições, promovendo uma tomada de consciência para gerir os desafios da escolha num contexto multideterminado pelas relações de classe. Apresentamos o relato de uma experiência em Orientação Profissional realizada com alunas/os de um cursinho pré-universitário, em via de prestar o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio. A partir do conceito de Vivência (Perejivânie), problematizamos os impactos das experiências para os participantes ao situar as afetações e os sentidos no transcurso das oficinas. Constatamos a necessidade de se desenvolverem ações para esse público, para além da mediação acerca da escolha, ao propiciar discussões sobre dilemas da transição ao Ensino Superior.

In light of Cultural-Historical Psychology, career guidance activities can support knowledge of social reality, promoting awareness to manage the challenges of choice in a context determined by class relations. We present the report of an experience in Professional Guidance conducted with students from a preparatory course for higher education, about to take the National High School Exam. Based on the concept of experience (Perezhivanie), we reflect about the impacts of the experiences for the participants by situating the affects and the senses in the course of the workshops. We noted the need to develop actions for this public that, not only provides mediate choices, but afford discussions about the dilemmas of the transition to higher education.

A través de la Psicología Histórico-Cultural, las actividades de Orientación Profesional pueden fomentar el conocimiento de la realidad social y sus contradicciones, promoviendo la conciencia para gestionar los desafíos de elección en un contexto determinado por las relaciones de clase. Presentamos el informe de una experiencia en Orientación Profesional realizada con estudiantes de un curso preuniversitario, apunto de tomar el Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio. Basado en el concepto de Vivencia (Perejivânie), problematizamos los impactos de las experiencias para los participantes situando los afectos y sentidos en el curso de el taller. Notamos la necesidad de desarrollar acciones para esta audiencia, más allá de la mediación sobre la elección, al proporcionar debates sobre dilemas de transición a la educación superior.

Bin it or pin it? Which professional ethical guidance on managing COVID-19 should I follow?

BACKGROUND: As the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic develops, healthcare professionals are looking for support with, and guidance to inform, the difficult decisions they face. In the (current) absence of an authoritative national steer in England, professional bodies and local organisations have been developing and disseminating their own ethical guidance. Questions inevitably arise, some of which are particularly pressing during the pandemic, as events are unfolding quickly and the field is becoming crowded. My central question here is: which professional ethical guidance should the professional follow? MAIN BODY: Adopting a working definition of "professional ethical guidance", I offer three domains for a healthcare professional to consider, and some associated questions to ask, when determining whether - in relation to any guidance document - they should "bin it or pin it". First, the professional should consider the source of the guidance: is the issuing body authoritative or, if not, at least sufficiently influential that its guidance should be followed? Second, the professional should consider the applicability of the guidance, ascertaining whether the guidance is available and, if so, whether it is pertinent. Pertinence has various dimensions, including whether the guidance applies to this professional, this patient and/or this setting, whether it is up-to-date, and whether the guidance addresses the situation the professional is facing. Third, the professional should consider the methodology and methods by which the guidance was produced. Although the substantive quality of the guidance is important, so too are the methods by which it was produced. Here, the professional should ask whether the guidance is sufficiently inclusive - in terms of who has prepared it and who contributed to its development - and whether it was rigorously developed, and thus utilised appropriate processes, principles and evidence. CONCLUSION: Asking and answering such questions may be challenging, particularly during a pandemic. Furthermore, guidance will not do all the work: professionals will still need to exercise their judgment in deciding what is best in the individual case, whether or not this concerns COVID-19. But such judgments can and should be informed (and constrained) by guidance, and hopefully these preliminary observations will provide some useful pointers for time-pressed professionals.

Escolha profissional na adolescência: a família como variável influenciadora / Professional choice in adolescence: the family as an influencing variable

Neste artigo discute-se a influência da família na escolha profissional dos filhos, especificamente na fase da adolescência, período mais comum e adequado para a vivência deste processo. Foi realizado um estudo teórico abordando os temas adolescência, escolha profissional e família. Da análise, emergiu que a influência da família é um fator muitas vezes determinante na escolha. Além disso, a adolescência é uma fase de diversas mudanças e definições que também causam angústia aos jovens, e dentre elas está a escolha profissional, que exige saber sobre a área de atuação, rotina de trabalho, salário e todos os aspectos que acompanham a vida profissional do sujeito no contexto brasileiro contemporâneo. Destaca-se ainda, a importância do terapeuta e da terapia familiar no processo de acompanhamento de famílias que vivenciam a fase da escolha profissional dos filhos, de forma que, atentos ao fato, possam atuar como facilitadores no enfrentamento das mudanças em curso.

This article discusses the influence of the family on the professional choice of the children, specifically in the adolescence phase, the most common and appropriate period for the experience of this process. A theoretical study was conducted addressing the themes adolescence, professional choice and family. From the analysis, it emerged that family influence is a determining factor in choice. In addition, the adolescence is a phase of several changes and definitions that also cause anguish for the young, and among them is the professional choice, which demands to know about the area of work, work routine, salary and all aspects that accompany the professional life of the subject in the Brazilian and contemporary context. The importance of the therapist and the family therapy in the process of accompaniment of families who experience the stage of the professional choice of the sons, so that, attentive to the fact, they can act as facilitators in facing the changes in course.

Diagnóstico en orientación profesional de los estudiantes de primer año de Enfermería en la escuela "Livia Gouverner" de Matanzas / Diagnosis in professional guidance of first-year students of Nursing in the School "Lidia Gouverner" of Matanzas

Introducción: la eficiente preparación de los estudiantes de la Enseñanza Técnica Profesional es un reto para la educación cubana actual. Contribuye a tan importante logro una adecuada Orientación Profesional. Objetivo: diagnosticar la orientación profesional de los estudiantes de primer año de enfermería en la escuela "Livia Gouverner" de Matanzas. Materiales y métodos: el método universal en el cual se sustenta el mismo es el dialéctico ­ materialista. Se evalúa en el curso 2010-2011, el estado de preparación de estudiantes en una población de 60 estudiantes de primer año. Se aplica la observación directa y encuestas. Resultados: la investigación permite constatar que existen dificultades que afectan negativamente el proceso, entre las que se encuentran: aspiraciones profesionales no relacionadas con la profesión estudiada (solo el 23,2%), el 45,6% la utiliza como vía para insertarse en otra carrera de las ciencias médicas, poca vocación por la enfermería (23,4%), desconocimiento de las técnicas propias de la profesión seleccionada, no vinculados a círculos de interés el 78,3% y el 83,4% coincide en que se requieren mas actividades para elevar la motivación. Conclusiones: la escasa orientación vocacional, afecta la motivación de los estudiantes por la carrera Enfermería, el desempeño exitoso en la misma y como aspecto más negativo, la falta de visión futura como profesional (AU).

Introduction: the efficient training of the Professional Technical Education students is a challenge for the current Cuban education. An adequate professional guidance helps to achieve that important aim. Objective: to diagnose professional guidance in first-year students of Nursing in the School "Livia Gouverner" of Matanzas. Materials and methods: the dialectical-materialist is the universal method sustaining the research in a population of 60 first-year students. The school year 2010-2011 and the status of students´ training are evaluated. Direct observation and surveys are applied. The obtained results are presented in tables using percentages. Results: the research allowed stating that there are difficulties negatively affecting the process. Among them: professional aspirations that are not related with the studied profession (only 33.2 %); 45.6 % used it as a way to insert themselves in other specialty of the Medical Sciences; few vocation for Nursing (23.4 %); ignorance of the technics that are proper of the chosen professions and not assisting to Nursing hobby clubs (78.3 %), and 83.4 % of them said that more activities are required to increase motivation. Conclusions: the poor professional guidance affects the students´ motivation for Nursing specialty, the successful performance in it, and as the most negative aspect, the lack of future vision as a professional (AU).

Diagnóstico en orientación profesional de los estudiantes de primer año de Enfermería en la escuela "Livia Gouverner" de Matanzas / Diagnosis in professional guidance of first-year students of Nursing in the School “Lidia Gouverner” of Matanzas

Introducción: la eficiente preparación de los estudiantes de la Enseñanza Técnica Profesional es un reto para la educación cubana actual. Contribuye a tan importante logro una adecuada Orientación Profesional. Objetivo: diagnosticar la orientación profesional de los estudiantes de primer año de enfermería en la escuela "Livia Gouverner" de Matanzas. Materiales y métodos: el método universal en el cual se sustenta el mismo es el dialéctico ­ materialista. Se evalúa en el curso 2010-2011, el estado de preparación de estudiantes en una población de 60 estudiantes de primer año. Se aplica la observación directa y encuestas. Resultados: la investigación permite constatar que existen dificultades que afectan negativamente el proceso, entre las que se encuentran: aspiraciones profesionales no relacionadas con la profesión estudiada (solo el 23,2%), el 45,6% la utiliza como vía para insertarse en otra carrera de las ciencias médicas, poca vocación por la enfermería (23,4%), desconocimiento de las técnicas propias de la profesión seleccionada, no vinculados a círculos de interés el 78,3% y el 83,4% coincide en que se requieren mas actividades para elevar la motivación. Conclusiones: la escasa orientación vocacional, afecta la motivación de los estudiantes por la carrera Enfermería, el desempeño exitoso en la misma y como aspecto más negativo, la falta de visión futura como profesional (AU).

Introduction: the efficient training of the Professional Technical Education students is a challenge for the current Cuban education. An adequate professional guidance helps to achieve that important aim. Objective: to diagnose professional guidance in first-year students of Nursing in the School "Livia Gouverner" of Matanzas. Materials and methods: the dialectical-materialist is the universal method sustaining the research in a population of 60 first-year students. The school year 2010-2011 and the status of students´ training are evaluated. Direct observation and surveys are applied. The obtained results are presented in tables using percentages. Results: the research allowed stating that there are difficulties negatively affecting the process. Among them: professional aspirations that are not related with the studied profession (only 33.2 %); 45.6 % used it as a way to insert themselves in other specialty of the Medical Sciences; few vocation for Nursing (23.4 %); ignorance of the technics that are proper of the chosen professions and not assisting to Nursing hobby clubs (78.3 %), and 83.4 % of them said that more activities are required to increase motivation. Conclusions: the poor professional guidance affects the students´ motivation for Nursing specialty, the successful performance in it, and as the most negative aspect, the lack of future vision as a professional (AU).

Supporting parents through stillbirth: A qualitative study exploring the views of health professionals and health care staff in three hospitals in England.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the views of a range of hospital based health professionals and health care staff involved in the management of stillbirth. STUDY DESIGN: A qualitative pilot study informed by grounded theory conducted in three hospital trusts in the North East of England. In total, 21 consultant obstetricians, 3 trainees (including 1 senior trainee), 29 midwives, 3 midwife sonographers and 4 chaplains took part in six focus groups and two semi-structured interviews. RESULTS: Two different approaches in stillbirth management could be detected in our study. One approach emphasised the existing evidence-base and patient directed choice whilst the other emphasised tradition and profession-directed care. These differences were particularly apparent in choices over mode of delivery, and the location of women as well as the time interval between diagnosis of an IUD and delivery. The existence of these two approaches was underscored by a lack of high quality evidence. CONCLUSION: Robust, high quality evidence is needed regarding the longer term psychological and emotional sequelae of different modes of delivery and varying time intervals and locations of women between diagnosis and delivery in stillbirth. If the competing discourses demonstrated here are found elsewhere then such need to be considered in any future policy development, evidence implementation and training programmes.

Terapia ocupacional: profesión idónea dentro de las estrategias de orientación vocacional en la educación media: revisión de literatura / Occupational therapy: ideal profession inside the strategies of vocational guidance in the secondary education: literature review

La orientación vocacional es reconocida como un proceso dinámico, dirigido al conocimiento de aspectos personales para elegir una profesión, guiado por un profesional. Objetivo: Identificar las estrategias implementadas en los programas de orientación vocacional y los aportes que puede realizar el terapeuta ocupacional. Metodología: Se exponen publicaciones dadas en el período 2000 al 2015, presentes en bases de datos electrónicas como ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost, Proquest y Scopus. Resultados: Se hallaron 1059 artículos durante la búsqueda inicial, nueve de ellos cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos. Conclusión: Se identifica el componente teórico y normativo de la terapia ocupacional y su importancia en la participación de los programas de orientación vocacional en la educación media.

Vocational guidance are recognized as a dynamic process, directed to knowledge of personal aspects to choose a profession, guided by a professional. Objective: To identify the strategies implemented in the programs of vocational guidance and the contributions that can make the Occupational Therapist. Methodology: Publications given in the period 2000 to 2015 are presented in electronic databases such as ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost, Proquest and Scopus. Results: They were found 1059 articles during the initial search, 9 of them met the inclusion and exclusion criteria established. Conclusion: Identifies the theoretical component and normative of the Occupational Therapy and its importance in the participation of vocational guidance programs in secondary education.

International perspectives on social media guidance for nurses: a content analysis.

Aim This article reports the results of an analysis of the content of national and international professional guidance on social media for the nursing profession. The aim was to consolidate good practice examples of social media guidelines, and inform the development of comprehensive guidance. Method A scoping search of professional nursing bodies' and organisations' social media guidance documents was undertaken using google search. Results 34 guidance documents were located, and a content analysis of these was conducted. Conclusion The results, combined with a review of competency hearings and literature, indicate that guidance should cover the context of social media, and support nurses to navigate and negotiate the differences between the real and online domains to help them translate awareness into actions.

Influências percebidas na escolha profissional de jovens provenientes de classes socioeconômicas desfavorecidas / Perceived influences on career choice made by young people from disadvantaged socioeconomic classes / Influencias percibidas en la elección profesional de jóvenes provenientes de clases socioeconómicas desfavorecidas

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar influências dos genitores no processo de escolha profissional de jovens pertencentes a classes socioeconômicas desfavorecidas. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Para tanto, 200 alunos das três séries do ensino médio responderam coletivamente a um questionário que continha questões abertas e fechadas. Os estudantes eram de ambos os sexos e frequentavam duas escolas públicas localizadas no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. As informações das questões abertas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo temática, e os dados das questões fechadas, a análises estatísticas descritivas. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos participantes não acredita ter sofrido influência de alguém para escolher o curso técnico ou de graduação. Entre os estudantes que identificaram interferência de terceiros na escolha profissional, os genitores foram os mais citados. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que a opinião dos pais sobre o mundo do trabalho transmite valores que são considerados pelos jovens no estabelecimento de seus planos futuros

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of parents on the career choice process of young people from disadvantaged socioeconomic classes. METHODS: To this end, 200 students from the three high school grades collectively answered a questionnaire containing open and closed questions. The students were of both sexes and they were attending two public schools located in the outskirts of Rio Grande do Sul. The information from the open questions were analyzed through thematic content and data from the closed questions under descriptive statistical analyzes. RESULTS: The results showed that most participants do not believe they have been influenced by someone else in choosing a technical or a first degree course. CONCLUSION: Among students who identified interference in their career choice, parents were the most frequent. We conclude that parental opinion about the world of work conveys values that are considered by young people when setting their future plans.

OBJECTIVO: El objetivo de este estudio ha sido investigar la influencia de los genitores en el proceso de elección profesional de jóvenes pertenecientes a clases socioeconómicas desfavorecidas. MÉTODOS: Para ello, 200 estudiantes de los tres años de Secundaria respondieron colectivamente un cuestionario que contenía preguntas abiertas y cerradas. Los estudiantes eran de ambos sexos y acudían a dos escuelas públicas ubicadas en el interior de Río Grande del Sur. Las informaciones de las cuestiones abiertas fueron sometidas a análisis de contenido temático y los datos de las cuestiones cerradas a análisis estadísticos descriptivos. RESULTADOS: Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de los participantes no cree haber sufrido influencias de alguien para elegir su curso técnico o su graduación. Entre los estudiantes que identificaron interferencia de terceros en la elección profesional, los genitores fueron los más citados. CONCLUSIÓN: Se concluye que la opinión de los padres acerca del mundo del trabajo transmite valores que son llevados en cuenta por los jóvenes en el establecimiento de sus planes futuros

Influências percebidas na escolha profissional de jovens provenientes de classes socioeconômicas desfavorecidas / Perceived influences on career choice made by young people from disadvantaged socioeconomic classes / Influencias percibidas en la elección profesional de jóvenes provenientes de clases socioeconómicas desfavorecidas

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar influências dos genitores no processo de escolha profissional de jovens pertencentes a classes socioeconômicas desfavorecidas. Para tanto, 200 alunos das três séries do ensino médio responderam coletivamente a um questionário que continha questões abertas e fechadas. Os estudantes eram de ambos os sexos e frequentavam duas escolas públicas localizadas no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. As informações das questões abertas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo temática, e os dados das questões fechadas, a análises estatísticas descritivas. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos participantes não acredita ter sofrido influência de alguém para escolher o curso técnico ou de graduação. Entre os estudantes que identificaram interferência de terceiros na escolha profissional, os genitores foram os mais citados. Conclui-se que a opinião dos pais sobre o mundo do trabalho transmite valores que são considerados pelos jovens no estabelecimento de seus planos futuros

The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of parents on the career choice process of young people from disadvantaged socioeconomic classes. To this end, 200 students from the three high school grades collectively answered a questionnaire containing open and closed questions. The students were of both sexes and they were attending two public schools located in the outskirts of Rio Grande do Sul. The information from the open questions were analyzed through thematic content and data from the closed questions under descriptive statistical analyzes. The results showed that most participants do not believe they have been influenced by someone else in choosing a technical or a first degree course. Among students who identified interference in their career choice, parents were the most frequent. We conclude that parental opinion about the world of work conveys values that are considered by young people when setting their future plans.

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido investigar la influencia de los genitores en el proceso de elección profesional de jóvenes pertenecientes a clases socioeconómicas desfavorecidas. Para ello, 200 estudiantes de los tres años de Secundaria respondieron colectivamente un cuestionario que contenía preguntas abiertas y cerradas. Los estudiantes eran de ambos sexos y acudían a dos escuelas públicas ubicadas en el interior de Río Grande del Sur. Las informaciones de las cuestiones abiertas fueron sometidas a análisis de contenido temático y los datos de las cuestiones cerradas a análisis estadísticos descriptivos. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de los participantes no cree haber sufrido influencias de alguien para elegir su curso técnico o su graduación. Entre los estudiantes que identificaron interferencia de terceros en la elección profesional, los genitores fueron los más citados. Se concluye que la opinión de los padres acerca del mundo del trabajo transmite valores que son llevados en cuenta por los jóvenes en el establecimiento de sus planes futuros

Práticas narrativas e orientação profissional> a possibilidade de desconstrução de estereótipos ligados às profissões / Narrative practices and professional guidance: a possibility of deconstruction of stereotypes linked to professions

Processos de Orientação Profissional de bases sistêmicas novoparadigmáticas e construcionistas, objetivam que seus participantes reflitam sobre si mesmos, sobre as relações e contextos que permeiam as questões de trabalho e de desenvolvimento, atreladas aos pedidos, às dificuldades e aos objetivos que expressam ao profissional. Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a desconstrução de estereótipos construídos em torno de profissões, via pesquisa realizada em duas etapas: a) levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados Scielo e LILACS; b) pesquisa qualitativa com participação de 38 profissionais de diversas áreas, acessados por meio da técnica snow ball, que possibilitou compreender os estereótipos socialmente mantidos a respeito das profissões.(AU)

Processes of Professional Guidance, on new-paradigmatic and constructionist basis allow that their participants reflect on themselves, on relationships and contexts which permeate work and development issues, which are tied to the requests, difficulties and objectives which express to the professional. This article proposes a reflection on the importance of deconstructing stereotypes built around professions, and guided by a research done in two stages: a) bibliographic search in Scielo and LILACS databases; b) qualitative research with the participation of 38 professionals from different areas of knowledge, accessed through the snowball technique, which made possible to understand stereotypes socially kept concerning various professions.(AU)

Orientación profesional en la educación posgraduada de enfermería en centros de hospitalización / Professional guidance for nursing postgraduate education in hospitalization centres

La orientación profesional en estudios de posgrado en Enfermería, tiene como objetivo fundamental, consolidar los conocimientos con un carácter eficiente y responsable en la búsqueda de dar soluciones a los problemas en la práctica profesional. Teniendo en cuenta la necesidad actual en las perspectivas de desarrollo de los recursos humanos del personal de Enfermería en el Sistema Nacional de Salud, lo que demanda la solidez profesional de estos así como que estén a la altura de la Revolución Científico Técnica, lo cual redundará en la mejoría de la calidad de la atención al paciente, familia y comunidad, resulta importante realizar un trabajo de orientación profesional dirigido a enfermeros(as) profesionales que se encuentran realizando estudios de posgrado (maestrías, especialidades en Enfermería y diplomados), en las diferentes modalidades en los centros de hospitalización del municipio Centro Habana. Para esto se utilizó un universo de 60 enfermeros profesionales y se tomó una muestra de 25 para un 41,6 por ciento. El método utilizado fue el descriptivo, explicativo. Se realizaron cursos sobre orientación profesional. Se hizo un control al inicio de los estudios de posgrado así como a mediados para saber si conocían la importancia de aplicar los conocimientos de orientación profesional; además fueron realizadas encuestas y entrevistas a expertos de la carrera de Enfermería. Al inicio del curso introductorio se comprobó que no conocían la importancia de aplicar el material dado, posteriormente se observaron logros en la obtención de los conocimientos sobre orientación profesional y la connotación que tiene para el ejercicio de su competencia profesional

Professional guidance in nursing postgraduate studies is mainly aimed at consolidating knowledge with an efficient and responsible character in the search of solution to problems in the professional practice. Taking into account the present need for the perspectives on development of human resources in the nursing personnel in the National Health System, what demands their professional strength as well as the need to be at the level of Scientific and Technical Revolution what will redound to the improvement in the quality of the attention to the patient, the family and the community, it has been important to carry out a work for professional guidance directed to professional nurses who are involved in postgraduate studies ( Masters Degrees, nursing specialties and diploma Courses) in different modalities in hospitalization centres in Centro Havana Municipality. For this work, a universe of 60 professional nurses was used and a sample of 25 was taken representing a 41.6 percent. The method used was the descriptive, explanatory one. Courses on professional guidance were given. A control was made at the beginning of the postgraduate studies as well as halfway through them to know if they knew the importance of applying the knowledge of professional guidance; besides, surveys and interviews to experts in Nursing Studies were made. At the beginning of the introductory course, it was realized that they didn't know the importance of the application of the material studied; later, achievements in obtaining knowledge about professional guidance and the connotation it has in the course of their professional competence were observed

Formación psicopedagógica a profesores noveles de Enfermería / Psychopedagogic formation of new professors in nursing

Se considera de gran valor la formación psicopedagógica a profesores noveles en la carrera de Enfermería con el propósito de la preparación integral a estudiantes designados para obtener los conocimientos necesarios. Este trabajo se ha realizado con el objetivo de desarrollar la preparación y formación de profesores noveles en la carrera de Enfermería del Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico. Hermanos Ameijeiras. Para la ejecución y elaboración del estudio fue tomado un universo de 25 jefas de sala, lo que representó el 100 por ciento de estas. Se les ofreció, un concentrado metodológico previo con vistas a su preparación psicopedagógica; se revisaron libros textos de Pedagogía, manuales, tesis de grado con corte pedagógico y didáctico, también consulta a expertos con el objetivo de enriquecer el trabajo, cursos, encuestas, etc. Los recursos humanos utilizados fueron: las jefas de salas, profesores, tutores y expertos. Los recursos materiales utilizados fueron: computadoras, hojas, bolígrafos y otros. El método de estudio utilizado fue descriptivo, explicativo, apoyado por la base material de estudio afín a la especialidad. Desde el punto de vista ético fue del consentimiento informado a la comisión científica de la institución. Con la realización de este trabajo quedaron evidenciados los conocimientos adquiridos por los profesores sobre la importancia que reviste la orientación profesional así como fueron del criterio de aplicarlo posteriormente a los estudiantes

The psychopedagogic formation of new professors for the nursing studies was considered very important to the integral preparation of students so that they could acquire the required knowledge. This paper was aimed at devising the preparation and the formation of new professors for the nursing career in Hermanos Ameijeiras hospital. The universe of study was 25 heads of wards, that is, 100 percent. They were provided with an intensive methodological course for their psychopedagogic preparation; pedagogic textbooks, manuals, doctoral theses of pedagogic and didactic orientation, consultation to experts to enrich the paper, surveys, courses and others. The participating human resources were heads of wards, professors, tutors and experts, whereas the material resources covered computers, sheets of papers, pens and others. The research method was explanatory and descriptive, based on the study materials related to the specialty. From the ethical viewpoint, the informed consent by the scientific commission of the institution was applied. This paper showed the knowledge acquired by the professors on the importance of professional guidance, in addition to their criteria about the use of this tool in guiding the students

Formación psicopedagógica a profesores noveles de Enfermería / Psychopedagogic formation of new professors in nursing

Se considera de gran valor la formación psicopedagógica a profesores noveles en la carrera de Enfermería con el propósito de la preparación integral a estudiantes designados para obtener los conocimientos necesarios. Este trabajo se ha realizado con el objetivo de desarrollar la preparación y formación de profesores noveles en la carrera de Enfermería del Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico. Hermanos Ameijeiras. Para la ejecución y elaboración del estudio fue tomado un universo de 25 jefas de sala, lo que representó el 100 por ciento de estas. Se les ofreció, un concentrado metodológico previo con vistas a su preparación psicopedagógica; se revisaron libros textos de Pedagogía, manuales, tesis de grado con corte pedagógico y didáctico, también consulta a expertos con el objetivo de enriquecer el trabajo, cursos, encuestas, etc. Los recursos humanos utilizados fueron: las jefas de salas, profesores, tutores y expertos. Los recursos materiales utilizados fueron: computadoras, hojas, bolígrafos y otros. El método de estudio utilizado fue descriptivo, explicativo, apoyado por la base material de estudio afín a la especialidad. Desde el punto de vista ético fue del consentimiento informado a la comisión científica de la institución. Con la realización de este trabajo quedaron evidenciados los conocimientos adquiridos por los profesores sobre la importancia que reviste la orientación profesional así como fueron del criterio de aplicarlo posteriormente a los estudiantes(AU)

The psychopedagogic formation of new professors for the nursing studies was considered very important to the integral preparation of students so that they could acquire the required knowledge. This paper was aimed at devising the preparation and the formation of new professors for the nursing career in Hermanos Ameijeiras hospital. The universe of study was 25 heads of wards, that is, 100 percent. They were provided with an intensive methodological course for their psychopedagogic preparation; pedagogic textbooks, manuals, doctoral theses of pedagogic and didactic orientation, consultation to experts to enrich the paper, surveys, courses and others. The participating human resources were heads of wards, professors, tutors and experts, whereas the material resources covered computers, sheets of papers, pens and others. The research method was explanatory and descriptive, based on the study materials related to the specialty. From the ethical viewpoint, the informed consent by the scientific commission of the institution was applied. This paper showed the knowledge acquired by the professors on the importance of professional guidance, in addition to their criteria about the use of this tool in guiding the students(AU)

O conceito de identificação no processo de escolha profissional / The concept of identification in the process of the professional choice

Este artigo busca ampliar a reflexão a respeito da escolha profissional de jovens, assentado na premissa de que novos sentidos e compreensões heurísticas se descortinam com a consideração do conceito de identificação, conforme sua formulação em Freud e em Lacan. Considerando a adolescência, período em que comumente ocorre a escolha profissional, como um tempo de reordenação dos processos identitários no qual a situação edípica é recolocada em cena, torna-se relevante a consideração dos aspectos inconscientes que compõem o universo do sujeito e que determinam suas escolhas, inclusive a profissional. Para contextualizar a discussão, são apresentados alguns fragmentos de relatos de casos que tratam da escolha profissional de jovens, retirados da pesquisa de doutorado - da qual não se tem aqui a intenção de relatar - realizada por um dos autores deste artigo.

This article aims to amplify the reflection concerning youngsters’ professional choice, settled on the premise that new meanings and heuristic comprehensions unfold through the concept of identification, according to its formulation in Freud and Lacan. Considering adolescence, period when professional choice usually emerges, as a time of reordering of the identity processes, in which the edipian situation is replaced in scene, it becomes relevant to consider unconscious aspects that compose the subject’s universe and which command his choices, including the professional one. In order to contextualize the discussion, some fragments of case reports that deal with youngsters’ professional choice are presented, all derived from doctoral research - of which there is no intention to report here - accomplished by one of the authors.